JPH07303239A - Picture voice signal recording/reproducing device and picture voice signal recording device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a system recording pay program software in digital VTR and to realize restricted reception. CONSTITUTION:A picture signal and a voice signal are recorded on a tape by using digital VTR and related information for restricted reception accompanied by it is recorded in an accompanied data recording area on the tape with the pack structure of the fixed length of five bytes. At the time of reproduction, restricted reception can be conducted based on reproduced related information. Individual information among related information can be constituted so that it records data in an IC card with pack structure. It can be identified whether data stored in a pack is program information, control information or individual information from the first byte (item code) of the pack. The pack in which data on a maker is stored can be recorded in the head of related information which is to be recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a scrambled image signal and audio signal, and an image / audio signal transmitted in a scrambled state. The present invention relates to a video / audio signal recorder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently, in television broadcasting such as BS, CS, and CATV, a scrambled television signal is transmitted to provide a broadcasting service only to a specific qualified person. Broadcasting system,
That is, conditional access (Conditional access)
s) System technology has been established and put into practical use.

By the way, even in the VTR, there are many cases in which it is desired to provide the recorded contents of the tape only to a specific qualified person. As such an example, for example, there is a so-called in-flight movie in which a movie before domestic release recorded on a video cassette tape in a normal air passenger plane is reproduced and shown by a VTR. In the VTR used for this, the azimuth of the head mounted therein is set opposite to the azimuth of the general VTR,
As a result, even if the video cassette tape is taken out, it cannot be played back by a normal VTR.

Further, in a currently used mini theater using a video, an old commercial model which is not commercially available at present is used as a VTR, so that even if the tape is taken out to the outside, It cannot be played back unless you have an old VTR. Furthermore, in so-called in-house videos, indiscriminate disclosure to outsiders is prohibited because the recorded contents generally contain company secrets, but even employees, even if they are employees, can be identified according to the confidentiality rank of the recorded contents. You may want to allow the video to be viewed only by employees above the job title.

[0005]

As described above, the VT
In R, when the tape recording contents are provided only to qualified persons, as a specific method for that purpose, when a specially-designed VTR is used as in the in-plane movie,
The confidentiality of the recorded contents of the tape is high, but the production of a small amount of such a specially designed VTR will reduce the product price,
It is uneconomical in terms of maintenance.

Further, when an old VTR is used as in the above-mentioned mini theater, if the tape is taken out without permission by the person who owns such a VTR, the recorded contents are immediately viewed illegally. However, it is unavoidable that the degree of confidentiality is low, but it is also disadvantageous in terms of maintenance to use such a non-commercial VTR, and it is desirable in the long term. Absent.

Therefore, the present invention, instead of these methods,
Only by providing an additional circuit to the general-purpose video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus configured for consumer use, the recording contents of the recording medium are provided only to qualified persons, that is, C
It is intended to provide a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus which enables an onical access. Furthermore, in the present invention, such a Condition
It is also an object of the present invention to configure a system which enables transmission of new program software as means for providing new program software to a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus capable of null access.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a scrambled image signal and audio signal to / from a recording medium. Image audio signal recording means for recording an audio signal in a recording medium, associated data recording means for recording data associated with the audio signal or image signal in an associated data recording area of the recording medium, and an image reproduced from the recording medium Reference information recording means for recording reference information used in deciding on / off of a descramble operation for a signal and an audio signal in the accompanying data recording area, and individual information for each user is input to the image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus. The recording medium is based on the comparison result between the input means and the individual information input by the input means and the reference information recorded in the associated data recording area. Characterized in that it comprises a determination means for determining on and off of the descrambling operation to reproduced image signal and audio signal from.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image / sound signal recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a scrambled image signal / sound signal to / from a recording medium. Image / audio signal recording means for recording, associated data recording means for recording data associated with the audio signal or the image signal in the associated data recording area of the recording medium, and data for the image signal and audio signal reproduced from the recording medium. Reference information recording means for recording reference information for determining a scramble operation in the accompanying data recording area, and a descrambling operation for executing an image signal and an audio signal reproduced from a recording medium based on the reference information. Scrambling means, and the reference information includes scrambling key information for descrambling. To.

In this case, it is effective to construct the reference information so as to include work key information for decrypting the scramble key information from the reference information. Further, an input device for inputting a user identification code by the user to the video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus is provided, and the reference information includes the user identification code information, and the user identification code extracted from the reference information and the user identification code. It is more effective if the descrambling means can execute the descrambling operation when the user identification code input by the input device matches.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a program consisting of an image signal and an audio signal that has been scrambled and transmitted, and an image and audio signal for recording on a recording medium the reference information incidental to the program. A recording device, which receives a scrambled image signal and audio signal, and reference information, and records the scrambled image signal and audio signal extracted from the receiving device on a recording medium. Image / audio signal recording means, reference information recording means for recording the reference information taken out from the receiving device in the associated data recording area of the recording medium, and input for inputting individual information for each contractor to the image / audio signal recording device. Means and
Determining means for determining on / off of the recording operation of the image / audio signal recording means, and the reference information includes contract range information defining a range of contractors who can view the program signal, and the individual information is , The contract information for each contractor, further, the determining means, based on the comparison result of the contract information in the individual information input by the input means and the contract range information in the reference information, the image It is characterized in that the on / off of the recording operation of the audio signal recording means is determined.

[0012]

According to the reference information recorded in the associated data recording area of the recording medium, the conditional access at the time of reproducing the image / audio signal from the recording medium becomes possible. When the program software is delivered to the video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus by transmission, only the program software satisfying the contract condition is automatically selected and recorded on the recording medium.

[0013]

EXAMPLES In the examples of the present invention, Conditi
A so-called image compression recording type digital VTR (hereinafter referred to as a digital VTR), which compresses image information and records it on a tape in a digital format, is used as a VTR capable of on-line access. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention constituted by such a digital VTR will be sequentially described in detail according to the following items.

1. Recording format of digital VTR (1) ITI area (2) AUDIO area (3) VIDEO area (4) SUBCODE area (5) Structure of ID section (6) MIC (7) Recording of accompanying data (8) Application ID system 2 ． Conditional access (1) Conditional ac in pay broadcasting
cess (2) Conditiona in digital VTR
1 access 1) Ordinary recording / reproducing operation 2) Recording / reproducing operation when enabling conditional access operation 3) Second embodiment 4) Third embodiment 5) Fourth embodiment 6) Fifth embodiment 7) Others Configuration example

1. Recording Format of Digital VTR First, the recording format of the digital VTR constituting this embodiment will be described. A recording format of one track on the tape of such a digital VTR is shown in FIG. In this figure, margins are provided at both ends of the track. Inside the recording start side, an ITI area for surely performing post-recording, an AUDIO area for recording audio signals, and a VIDEO for recording image signals
Area, SUBCODE for recording secondary data
Area is provided. An inter block gap (IBG) for securing the area is set between the areas.

Next, details of the signals recorded in the above areas will be described. (1) ITI Area The ITI area is as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG.
1400-bit preamble, 1830-bit SS
A (Start-Sync Block Area),
90-bit TIA (Track Information)
on Area) and a 280-bit postamble.

Here, the preamble has a function such as a run-in of the PLL at the time of reproduction, and the postamble has a role of earning a margin. And SSA and TIA
The block data is composed of 30-bit block data, and the first 10 bits of each block data have a predetermined SY.
The NC pattern (ITI-SYNC) is recorded.

In the 20-bit portion following the SYNC pattern, the SYNC block number (0 to 60) is mainly recorded in SSA, and the 3-bit APT information (APT2 to APTO) is mainly recorded in TIA. The SP / LP flag for identifying the recording mode and the PF flag indicating the reference frame of the servo system are recorded. In addition,
APT is ID data that defines the data structure on the track, and has a value "000" in the digital VTR of this embodiment.
Take

As can be seen from the above description, since a large number of block data having a short code length of 30 bits are recorded at a fixed position on the magnetic tape in the ITI area, for example, the 61st SSA from the reproduced data. SYN
By using the position where the C pattern is detected as a standard for defining the post-recording position on the track, the position to be rewritten at the time of post-recording can be defined with high accuracy, and good post-recording can be performed. The digital V of this embodiment is
The TR is designed so that it can be easily applied to various other digital signal recording / reproducing devices as described later, but it is necessary to rewrite data in a specific area in any digital signal recording / reproducing device. Therefore, the ITI area on the truck entrance side is always provided.

(2) AUDIO area The audio area has a preamble and a postamble before and after the audio area as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 6, and the preamble is a run-up for pulling in the PLL.
And a pre-SYNC for pre-detection of the audio SYNC block. Also, the postamble is a post S for confirming the end of the audio area.
It is composed of YNC and a guard area for protecting the audio area during video data post-recording.

Here, the pre-SYNC and the post-SYNC are
7 is configured as shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. 7, and the pre-SYNC is the SYNC block 2
From the individual, the post SYNC is composed of one SYNC block. Then, the SP / LP identification byte is recorded at the 6th byte of the pre-SYNC. This is FF
When h represents SP and OOh represents LP, and when the SP / LP flag recorded in the above-mentioned ITI area is unreadable, the value of the SP / LP identification byte of this pre-SYNC is adopted (h is a hexadecimal notation). Indicates that there is).

The audio data recorded in the area sandwiched between the amble areas as described above is generated as follows. First, the audio signal for one track to be recorded is subjected to AD conversion and shuffling, then subjected to framing, and further parity is added. A format in which parity is added by performing this framing is shown in (1) of FIG. In this figure, 72 bytes of audio data are preceded by 5 bytes of audio accompanying data (this is A
AUX data) is added to form 1-block 77-byte data, which is vertically stacked in 9 blocks for framing, and 8-bit horizontal parity C is added to this.
1 and vertical parity C2 corresponding to 5 blocks are added.

The data to which these parities are added is read out in units of blocks, and 3 bytes are added to the head side of each block.
A byte ID is added, and a 2-byte SYNC signal is further inserted in the recording modulation circuit to form a 1-SYNC block signal having a data length of 90 bytes as shown in (2) of FIG. Then, this signal is recorded on the tape.

(3) VIDEO area The video area has the same preamble and postamble as the audio area as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. However, it is different from the audio area in that the guard area is formed longer. The video data sandwiched between these amble areas is generated as follows.

First, the video signals to be recorded are Y, RY,
After being separated into BY component signals, AD conversion is performed, and data of an effective scanning area for one frame is extracted from the AD converted output. This extracted data for one frame is Y when the video signal is a 525/60 system.
For the AD conversion output (DY) of the signal, the horizontal direction 72
It consists of 0 samples and 480 lines in the vertical direction.
AD conversion output (DR) of RY signal and A of BY signal
For D conversion output (DB), the horizontal direction is 18
It consists of 0 samples and 480 lines in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 9, these extracted data are divided into blocks of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction. However, in the case of a color difference signal, the block at the right end portion of (2) in FIG. 9 has only 4 samples in the horizontal direction, and therefore, two blocks vertically adjacent to each other are combined into one block. By the above blocking processing, a total of 8100 for DY, DR, and DB per frame
Blocks are formed. The block composed of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction is DCT
Call it a block.

Next, after the blocked data is shuffled according to a predetermined shuffling pattern, DCT conversion is performed in DCT block units, followed by quantization and variable length coding. Here, the quantization step is set for every 30 DCT blocks, and the value of this quantization step is set so that the total amount of output data obtained by quantizing and variable-length-coding 30 DCT blocks is equal to or less than a predetermined value. It That is, the video data is transferred to the DCT block 30.
Fixed length for each piece. The data for 30 DCT blocks is called a buffering unit.

The data fixed in length as described above is subjected to framing together with video accompanying data (this is called VAUX data) for each data of one track, and then an error correction code is added. FIG. 10 shows a format in a state in which this framing is applied and an error correction code is added.

In this figure, BUF0 to BUF26 each represent one buffering unit. Then, one buffering unit is (1) in FIG.
As shown in (1), it has a structure in which it is vertically divided into five blocks, and each block has a data amount of 77 bytes.
An area Q for storing parameters relating to quantization is provided in the first byte of each block.

Video data is stored in an area of 76 bytes following the quantized data. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, VAUX data α and β corresponding to two blocks in the above buffering unit are arranged above the buffering units, which are arranged 27 in the vertical direction. At the same time, VAUX data γ corresponding to one block is arranged in the lower part, and an 8-byte horizontal parity C1 and a vertical parity C2 corresponding to 11 blocks are added to the framed data. To be done.

The signal to which the parity is added in this way is read in units of blocks, a 3-byte ID signal is added to the head side of each block, and a 2-byte SYNC signal is further inserted in the recording modulation circuit. It This allows
For the video data block, a signal of 1SYNC block having a data amount of 90 bytes as shown in (2) of FIG. 11 is formed, and for the VAUX data block, 1SYNC block as shown in (3) of FIG. The signal of the block is formed. The signal for each 1SYNC block is sequentially recorded on the tape.

In the framing format described above, 27 buffering units representing one track of video data have 810 DCT blocks of data, so one frame of data (8100 DCT blocks) is stored. The recording will be divided into 10 tracks.

(4) SUBCODE area The SUBCODE area is an area mainly provided for recording information for high speed search, and of the data recorded on the tape, only the data in this area is rewritten by post-recording. Is possible. For example, as will be described later, a flag for still image search recorded in the ID portion of this area can be post-shot, or a desired optional pack can be post-recorded in this area.

For reference, an enlarged view of the SUBCODE area is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, this area has 12 SYNCs with a data length of 12 bytes.
The block includes a block, and a preamble and a postamble are provided before and after the block. However, unlike the audio area and the video area, pre-SYNC and post-SYNC are not provided. Each of the 12 SYNC blocks is provided with a data section for recording 5 bytes of accompanying data (AUX data). Also, as the parity for protecting the 5-byte accompanying data, only the 2-byte horizontal parity C1 is used, and the vertical parity is not used.

The AUDIO area described above,
Each SYNC block constituting the VIDEO area and the SUBCODE area is 24/25 in recording modulation.
Since the conversion (recording modulation method in which the data for every 24 bits of the recording signal is converted to 25 bits, the tracking control pilot frequency component is added to the recording code) is performed, the recording data amount of each area Becomes the number of bits as shown in FIG.

(5) Structure of ID part As is clear from the structure of each SYNC block shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 11, and 12, the AUD
IO area, VIDEO area, and SUBOCODE
Each SYNC block recorded in the area is 2
Byte SYNC signal followed by ID0, ID1 and IDP
It has a common structure in that a 3-byte ID portion consisting of (parity protecting ID0 and ID1) is provided.
Then, in the audio area and the video area, the data structure of the ID0 and ID1 in the ID portion is determined as shown in FIG.

That is, in the ID1, the in-track SYNC number (0 to 168) from the pre-SYNC in the audio area to the post-SYNC in the video area is stored in binary. The track number within one frame is stored in the lower 4 bits of ID0. The track numbers are numbered once for every two tracks, and the two tracks can be distinguished by the azimuth angle of the head.

The upper 4 bits of ID0 are AAU.
SYNC of X + audio data and video data
In the block, 4 as shown in (1) of this figure
The bit sequence number is stored. On the other hand, in the pre-SYNC block, the post-SYNC block and the SYNC block of the parity C2 in the audio area, a 3-bit ID that defines the data structure of the audio area.
The data AP1 is stored, and the pre-S of the video area is stored.
3-bit ID data AP2 defining the data structure of the video area is stored in the YNC block, the post SYNC block, and the SYNC block of the parity C2 (see (2) in this figure). The values of AP1 and AP2 are "0" in the digital VTR of this embodiment.
00 ”.

The sequence number is "000".
Twelve numbers from "0" to "1011" are recorded for each frame. By looking at this sequence number, it is possible to judge whether the data obtained during variable speed reproduction are within the same frame. On the other hand, SUBCOD
The structure of the ID part of the SYNC block in the E area is defined as shown in FIG.

This figure shows the structure of each ID portion of SYNC block numbers 0 to 11 for one track in the SUBCODE area, and the FR flag is provided in the most significant bit of ID0. This flag indicates whether or not it is the first 5 tracks of the frame, and takes a value of "0" in the first 5 tracks and "1" in the latter 5 tracks. The next 3 bits have S in the SYNC block whose SYNC block numbers are "0" and "6".
The ID data AP3 defining the data structure of the UBCODE area is recorded, and the SYNC block number “1” is recorded.
The ID data APT defining the data structure on the track is recorded in the SYNC block of "1", and the TAG code is recorded in the other SYNC block. The value of AP3 is the digital V of this embodiment.
In TR, "000" is taken.

Further, the TAG code is composed of three types of ID signals for search, as shown in an enlarged manner in this figure.
That is, it is composed of an INDEX ID for a conventional INDEX search, a SKIP ID for cutting unnecessary scenes such as commercials, and a PP ID (Photo / Picture ID) for a still image search. Also, the absolute number of the track (the continuous track number from the beginning of the tape) is recorded using the lower 4 bits of ID0 and the upper 4 bits of ID1. Then, by using this absolute track number, an arbitrary position on the tape can be defined, and this absolute track number has a role as a position defining signal. As shown in this figure, one absolute track number is recorded by using a total of 24 bits for three SYNC blocks. The SYNC block number of the SUBCODE area is recorded in the lower 4 bits of ID1.

(6) MIC In the digital VTR of the present embodiment, the auxiliary data is recorded in each area defined on the tape as described above, but the tape is stored outside this area. The circuit board provided with the memory IC is mounted on the cassette,
The accompanying data is also recorded in this memory IC. When the cassette is mounted on the digital VTR, the accompanying data written in the memory IC is read out to assist the operation / operation of the digital VTR (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-165444, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-165444). See Japanese Patent Application No. 4-287875). This memory IC is called MIC (Memory In Cassette) in the present application, and its data structure will be described in detail later.

(7) Recording of incidental data As described above, in the digital VTR of this embodiment, the AAUX area of the audio area and the VA of the video area on the tape are areas for recording the incidental data.
The AUX data recording area of the UX area and the SUBCODE area is used, and the recording area of the MIC mounted on the tape cassette is used in addition to this. Each of these areas is configured in units of packs having a fixed length of 5 bytes.

The basic structure of this pack is shown in FIG. In this figure, the first byte (PC0) is item data (also called a pack header) indicating the content of data stored in the pack. Then, the subsequent 4-byte format (PC1 to 4) is determined corresponding to this item data, and predetermined data is stored in accordance with this format.

This item data is divided into upper and lower 4 bits, and the upper 4 bits are called a large item and the lower 4 bits are called a small item. The large item of the upper 4 bits is, for example, data indicating the purpose of the subsequent data, and as shown in the table of FIG.
1 ”, Chapter“ 0010 ”, Part“ 0011 ”,
Program "0100", voice auxiliary data (AAUX)
"0101", image auxiliary data (VAUX) "011"
0, a camera “0111”, a line “1000”, and a soft mode “1111” are expanded into 10 types of groups.

In this way, each group of packs expanded by a large item is expanded into 16 types of packs by a smaller item (for example, concrete contents of subsequent data is represented by each), and eventually, Up to 256 types of packs can be defined using these items. Note that “RESERVED” entered in the table of FIG. 16 represents an undefined portion left for addition. Therefore, by defining new item data (header) using a code of item data that has not been defined yet, it is possible to arbitrarily record new data in the future. Further, since the content of the data stored in the pack can be grasped by reading the header, the position on the tape for recording the pack can be set arbitrarily. Next, a structure of each recording area of the above-mentioned accompanying data and a specific example of the pack recorded in the recording area will be described.

A) AAUX area In the AAUX area, 1SYN shown in (2) of FIG. 8 is used.
5 bytes of AAU in C block format
One pack is constructed in the X area. Therefore, AAU
The X area is composed of 9 packs per track. Since one frame of data is recorded on 10 tracks in the digital VTR of the 525/60 system, the AAUX area for one frame is represented as shown in FIG.

In this figure, one section represents one pack. And the numbers 50-55 entered in the section
Is a hexadecimal representation of the item code of the pack in that section, and these six types of packs are called the main pack. The area where these main packs are recorded is called the AAUX main area. That is, the same pack data is stored in this main area as shown in the figure.
Recording is repeated 10 times per frame. These main packs mainly record important and essential data for recording and reproducing audio signals, and by performing the above-mentioned repeated recording, data will be recorded even if side scratches or channel clogs occur on the tape. Has a high reproducibility.

Specific structures of these six types of main packs will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19. The pack of item code 50h shown in [1] of FIG. 18 is A
It is called an AUX SOURCE pack and is used for recording accompanying data regarding voice. That is, as shown in the figure, a flag (LF) indicating whether or not the audio sample frequency is locked with the video signal, the number of audio samples per frame (AFSIZE), the number of audio channels (CH), each audio channel Stereo / monaural mode information (PA and AUDIO
MODE), information on television system (50/6
0 and STYPE), presence / absence of emphasis (EF), time constant of emphasis (TC), sampling frequency (SM)
P) and quantization information (QU) are recorded.

Item code 5 shown in [2] of FIG.
1h pack is AAUX SOURCE CONTROL
It is called L pack, and as shown in the figure, SCMS data (the upper bit indicates whether or not there is copyright, the lower bit indicates whether it is the original tape), copy source data (analog signal source or digital signal source). ), Copy generation data, SS code indicating whether the recorded signal is scrambled, or should be child-locked, etc. (Signal recorded when the value of this code is "00") Indicates that it is a scrambled signal, and that it is a signal to be child-locked when it is "10". Also, "01" is undefined and "11" means no information.) , A flag indicating whether or not a recording start frame (RS), a flag indicating whether or not a recording end frame (RE), original recording /
Recording mode data (REC MODE) such as after-recording / insert recording, a flag (DRF) indicating a tape traveling direction, reproduction speed data, and a genre category of recorded contents are recorded.

AAUX REC shown in [3] of FIG.
In the DATE pack, data such as the recording date of audio recording is recorded, and AA shown in [4] of FIG.
In the UXREC TIME pack, the data of the recording time of ** hour ** minute ** second seconds ** frame is recorded by SMPTE time code display. AA shown in (1) of FIG.
Binary group data of SMPTE time code is recorded in the UX REC TIME BINARY GROUP pack.

AAUX CLO shown in (2) of FIG.
The SED CAPTION pack includes EDS (Extended Da) related to the languages and types of the main voice and the second voice.
taService) data is stored. Areas other than the main area in which the main pack described above is recorded are called AAUX optional areas, and an arbitrary pack can be selected from a wide variety of packs and a maximum of 30 packs can be recorded per frame. The optional area is first provided with a common option area in which common common options are recorded. In the case of a soft tape, a maker optional area in which the unique contents of each soft tape maker are recorded is provided after this common option area. However, since it is optional, only one or both of them may not exist, or both may not exist.

Then, in the common optional area,
For example, text data is recorded. On the other hand, in the manufacturer optional area, the soft mode “111
A MAKER CODE pack (see FIG. 20) having a large item of "1" and a small item of "0000" is provided, and subsequently, contents unique to each manufacturer are recorded. The packs with item codes F0h to FEh in the soft mode group shown in FIG. 16 are open so that each maker can freely define and use the data contents. And the M
When the AKER CODE pack is discriminated, it is discriminated that the contents are common before that and the contents after that are peculiar to each manufacturer.

As a special example of a pack, a pack having an item code of 1 is a non-information pack (NO I
N INFORMATION PACKAGE), and if there is no information to be recorded in the optional area, this NO INFORMATION PACK is recorded. Further, the data stored in the pack used in the present digital VTR adopts a so-called negative logic format, and in any data, a value of all 1 means no information. The structure of the main area, optional area, common option, and maker's option described above is AAUX, VAUX, SUB.
It is common to all accompanying data recording areas of CODE and MIC.

B) VAUX area For the VAUX area, VAU in one track
The X area is composed of three SYNC blocks α, β and γ as shown in FIG.
15 per 1 SYNC block, as shown in 1.
It becomes 45 in one track. The 2-byte area immediately before the horizontal parity C1 in the 1SYNC block is used as a preliminary recording area.

Regarding the VAUX area for one frame,
The pack structure is shown in FIG. In this figure, the packs to which the item codes 60 to 65 are displayed in hexadecimal notation are the VAs forming the VAUX main area.
It is the UX main pack, and the other packs constitute the VAUX optional area.

The specific structure of the above VAUX main pack will be described. The pack of the item code 60h shown in [1] of FIG. 23 is called a VAUX SOURCE pack and is used for recording accompanying data regarding an image. That is, as shown in this figure, the channel number of the recording signal source, a flag (B / W) indicating whether the recording signal is a monochrome signal, and a code (CF indicating color framing).
L), a flag (E that indicates whether the CFL is valid)
N), a code (SOURCE CODE) indicating whether the recording signal source is a camera / line / cable / tuner / soft tape, etc., data relating to a television signal system (50/60, and TYPE), UV
Data related to identification of broadcasting / satellite broadcasting (TUNER
CATEGORY) is recorded.

Further, the VAUX SOURCE CONTROL of the item code 61h shown in [2] of FIG.
Pack includes AAUX SOURCE CONTROL
SCMS data similar to pack, copy source data,
Copy generation data, SS data, a flag (RS) indicating whether or not it is a recording start frame, recording mode data (REC, such as original recording / post-recording recording / insert recording)
MODE) is recorded, and data (BCSYS and DISP) relating to aspect ratio and the like, a flag (FF) relating to whether or not only a signal of one of odd and even fields is repeatedly output twice, and a field Flag regarding whether to output the signal of field 1 or the signal of field 2 during the period of 1 (FS), flag regarding whether the image data of the frame is different from the image data of the previous frame (FC), interlace Flag (IL), whether the recorded image is a still image (ST), a flag indicating whether the recorded image is recorded in the still camera mode (SC), And the genre of the recorded content is recorded.

Item codes are 62h, 63h,
And 64h packs are VAUX REC D respectively
ATE pack, VAUX REC TIME pack, and VAUX REC TIME BINARY GRO
It is called an UP pack, has the same data structure as the packs shown in (1) to (3) of FIG. 2 (only the item code is different from these packs), and the recording date of the image signal , And data such as SMPTE time code are recorded. Further, in the CLOSED CAPTION pack of item code 65h shown in [3] of FIG. 23, closed caption information transmitted during the vertical blanking period of the television signal is recorded.

C) AUX data recording area of SUBCODE area The AUX data recording area of the SUBCODE area has SYNC block numbers 0 to 11 as shown in FIG.
There are 5 bytes in each SYNC block, and each of them constitutes one pack. That is, 1 in 1 track
Two packs are recorded, of which the packs of SYNC block numbers 3 to 5 and 9 to 11 form the main area, and the other packs form the optional area.

In this SUBCODE area, 1
The data for the frame is repeatedly recorded in the format as shown in FIG. In this figure, uppercase letters represent packs in the main area, and packs used for high-speed search such as packs storing time codes and packs storing recording dates are recorded. The lowercase letters represent optional area packs, which are repeatedly recorded at the locations as shown in this figure.

Note that FIG. 24 shows the recording pattern in the case of the 525/60 system, but for reference, the recording pattern of one frame of SUBCODE data in the case of the 625/50 system is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, in the case of the 625/50 system, one frame consists of 12 tracks.
The DE is 12 S as in the case of the 525/60 system.
It is composed of YNC blocks, and is different only in the number of tracks. However, the number of tracks used per second is 300, which is equal.

The SD (STANDARD) described above
In the DENSITY system, one frame is composed of 10 tracks or 12 tracks, but HD (HIGH
In the case of the DENSITY) system, recording is performed with 1 frame 20 tracks in the 1125/60 system and 1 frame 24 tracks in the 1250/50 system.

It should be noted that the main area in each recording area described above is characterized in that a pack in which incidental information regarding basic data items common to all tapes is stored is recorded. On the other hand, in the optional area, a soft tape maker or a user can freely write any accompanying data.
Examples of such incidental information include various character information, teletext signal data, television signal data of a vertical blanking period or an arbitrary line within an effective scanning period, computer graphics data, and the like. However, in addition to this
Various kinds of information for executing the internal access are also recorded.

The accompanying data is recorded in the digital VTR by using the fixed length pack of 5 bytes as described above, but exceptionally, the text data is recorded in the recording elicitor of the MIC described below. In this case, a variable-length pack is used so that the entire text data can be stored in one pack. This makes it possible to use the MIC of the item code of each pack as compared with the case of using a plurality of fixed-length packs. The recording area can be saved.

D) Recording Area of MIC FIG. 26 shows the data structure of the recording area of the MIC. This recording area is also divided into a main area and an optional area, and all are described in a pack structure except for the first byte and an unused area (FFh is recorded).

At the top address 0 of the MIC main area, ID data A that defines the data structure of the MIC is written.
PM3 bit and BCID (Basic Cassette)
eID) 4 bits are recorded. Here, the value of APM is "000" in the digital VTR of this embodiment. BCID is a basic cassette ID, and
The contents are the same as the ID board for ID recognition (tape thickness, tape type, tape grade) for a cassette not equipped with C. The ID board makes the MIC reading terminal have the same function as the recognition hole of the conventional 8 mm VTR, which eliminates the need to make a hole in the cassette half as in the conventional case.

The address 1 and subsequent addresses are sequentially set to CASSETE.
ID pack, TAPE LENGTH pack, TIT
Three main packs of LE END pack are recorded. Explaining the structure of these main packs,
In the CASSETE ID pack shown in [1] of FIG. 27, a flag ME indicating whether the data recorded in the MIC corresponds to the data recorded on the tape of the cassette, the type of the memory (MIC) , Memory size information, and tape thickness information (PC4) are recorded.

TAPE LEN shown in [2] of FIG.
In the GTH pack, the total length of the magnetic tape body excluding the leader tape in the video tape is recorded as 23-bit data converted into the number of tracks.

TITLE EN shown in [3] of FIG.
The absolute track number of the final recording position on the tape is recorded in the D pack. This final recording position means the position closest to the tape end in the recorded area on the tape, and is an unrecorded area after this position. When there is a non-recorded portion (blank) on the tape, a discontinuous portion is generated in the absolute track number recorded on each track on the tape. However, the flag BF in the pack is It is a flag indicating whether or not there is such a discontinuous portion at a position before the absolute track number recorded in the pack.

The flag SL is a flag indicating whether the recording mode at the final recording position is the SP mode or the LP mode, and when the recording operation is restarted from the final recording position, the servo system rises. It is convenient to speed up. The flag RE is a flag indicating whether or not there is recorded content that should not be erased on the tape. The length (remaining amount) of the unrecorded portion of the tape can be immediately obtained from the absolute track number stored in the TITLE END pack and the absolute track number stored in the TAPE LENGTH pack.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned final recording position information provides a convenient usability when the reproducing operation started after rewinding the tape in the camcorder is stopped halfway and then returns to the original final recording position or when the timer is reserved. To do. The main area explained above has addresses 0 to 15 1
Whereas the fixed area of 6 bytes was used, the optional area is a variable area located after address 16. The data recorded in the optional area of the MIC is configured in units of events.

Here, the event usually means one data group composed of a plurality of packs, and the pack located at the head thereof is called an event header. The pack that becomes this event header is decided in advance according to the content of each event,
You cannot put a pack defined as another event header in one event. That is, one event is constructed from the event header to the appearance of the next event header.

The overall control of the digital VTR is carried out by a mode processing microcomputer as will be described later. For example, in the case of carrying out the control based on the above event, the microcomputer receives a command from a user or the like. In response to this, the contents of each event in the MIC are deciphered, and in accordance with the decipherment result, operations such as display and control based on commands from the user are executed.

As described above, various events are recorded in the optional area of the MIC. Here, when a specific recorded event is erased, the remaining events are recorded after address 16 and thereafter. FFh is written in all the data areas that are no longer needed after the packing operation and become unused areas. When reading MIC data,
Depending on the contents of the pack header, the next pack header appears every 5 bytes or every variable length byte (text data), but if FFh of the unused area is read as a header, this will be a pack without information (NO INFO).
Since it corresponds to the pack header of (pack), the control microcomputer can detect that there is no information after that.

As can be seen from the above description, in the digital VTR of this embodiment, since the structure of the accompanying data is a pack structure common to each area as described above, when recording or reproducing these data. Software can be shared and processing becomes simple. Further, since the timing at the time of recording / reproducing is constant, it is not necessary to provide an extra memory such as RAM for time adjustment, and the software can be easily developed in the case of developing a new model. be able to.

By adopting the pack structure, for example, even when an error occurs during reproduction, the next pack can be easily taken out. Therefore, a large amount of data will not be destroyed due to error propagation or the like.

(8) Application ID System Next, APT, AP1 to A that are ID data defining the data structure appearing in the above description of the recording format.
The meaning of P3 and APM will be supplementarily described. These I
The D data is collectively referred to as an application ID. Here, the application ID is not an ID that determines an application example of the digital VTR, but is an ID that simply determines the data structure of the area of the recording medium, and the APT and APM have the following meanings as described above. . APT: Determines the data structure on the track. APM ... Determines the data structure of the MIC.

Therefore, first, the data structure on the track is defined by the value of APT. That is, the track after the ITI area is divided into several areas as shown in FIG. 8 according to the value of the APT, the positions on those tracks, the SYNC block configuration, the ECC configuration for protecting data from errors, etc. The data structure of is uniquely determined. Further, each area has an application ID that determines the data structure of the area. The meaning is as follows. Application ID of area n ... Determines the data structure of area n.

The application ID on the tape
Has a hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. That is, the area on the track is defined by the original application ID APT, and AP1 to A are further added to each area.
Pn is defined. The number of areas is defined by the APT. In FIG. 9, although written in two layers, a layer may be further provided below it if necessary. On the other hand, the application ID APM in the MIC has only one layer. As the value, the same value as the APT of the applied device is written by the digital VTR.

With this application ID system, a digital VTR for consumer use can be diverted without changing its cassette, mechanism, servo system, generation detection circuit of ITI area, etc., and a completely different product group such as a data streamer or a multi-track. It is possible to build something like a digital audio tape recorder. Also, even if one area is decided, its contents can be further defined by the application ID of that area. Therefore, when there is a certain application ID, there is video data, and when there is another value, video / audio data, or computer data. Thus, it is possible to develop a very wide range of products.

Next, FIG. 30 shows the state when APT = 000. At this time, area 1, area 2, and area 3 are defined on the track. And their position on the track, S
The YNC block structure, the ECC structure for protecting data from errors, the gap for guaranteeing each area, and the overwriting margin for guaranteeing overwriting are determined. Further, each area has an application ID that determines the data structure of the area.
The meaning is as follows. AP1 ... Determines the data structure of area 1. AP2 ... Determines the data structure of area 2. AP3 ... Determines the data structure of area 3.

The Applicati of each area
When the on ID is 000, it is defined as follows. AP1 = 000 ... Adopts data structure of AAUX, audio of consumer digital VTR

AP2 = 000 ... Digital V for consumer use
TR video, VAUX data structure is adopted AP3 = 000 ... Consumer digital VTR subcode, ID data structure is adopted. That is, when a consumer digital VTR is realized, APT, AP1, AP2, AP3. = 000.
At this time, the APM is naturally 000.

2. Conditional access
ss Next, Conditional ac which is the subject of the present application
ces will be described in detail. First, Conditional access in pay broadcasting that is currently being conducted.
Will be briefly described, and then conditional access in a digital VTR will be described.

(1) Conditi in pay broadcasting
In the on-access pay broadcasting, you can watch all programs if you pay a predetermined fee within the contract period, a flat program that allows you to watch specific programs, such as movie programs and sports programs, at a tier system. Various fee setting methods such as a pay-per-view method that pays only for the minutes have been put into practical use. As a specific example of a pay-broadcast transmission / reception system that enables such a system, a conditional access system used in BS and CS broadcasting is shown in FIG. 31 (Note that even in a medium such as CATV, only the difference between radio waves and cables is used. The idea is the same).

In pay broadcasting, as shown in this figure, a program signal is scrambled by a PN sequence and transmitted to a subscriber. As a concrete method of scrambling, for a video signal, a scanning line transition method (changing the order of scanning lines based on a PN series) and an intra-scanning line switching method (providing a cut point in each scanning line based on a PN series) , The signals before and after this cut point are exchanged), the time axis inversion method (the scanning direction is pseudo-randomly inverted for each scanning line based on the PN series), the polarity inversion method (the polarity of the video signal is changed based on the PN series Each method is used individually or in combination. For audio signals, a method of scrambling by adding a PN sequence to the audio signal is usually used.

The initial value of the PN sequence generating circuit for generating this PN sequence is given by a scramble key, in order to prevent a third party from analyzing the received signal to identify the PN sequence and illegally view it. In addition, the value of the scramble key is periodically changed (for example, at 1 second intervals) on the transmitting side, and this scramble key is also set by the work key together with other control information and program information (these are collectively referred to as common information). Encrypt and send to the subscriber.

The program information includes information such as the range of contractors who can view the program being broadcast, the unit price of the program when viewing in pay-per-view, and a scramble key. The control information is It includes information for stopping (forced off) the descrambling function in the illegal viewing, contract expired decoder, and stolen decoder, or for returning the forcedly turned off decoder to viewable again (forced on).

The work key described above is also periodically added (for example, 1 to increase the security against unauthorized viewing by a third party).
The work key and the contract information for each subscriber (collectively referred to as individual information) are changed at intervals of about one month to one year. The contract information also includes the decoder ID of each subscriber. ) Is encrypted with the master key and sent to the subscriber. This master key is uniquely incorporated into each decoder of the subscriber.

Information for controlling pay broadcasting includes:
In addition to the common information and individual information described above, there is message information (information about pay broadcasting additionally displayed on the receiving side, the detailed description of which is omitted). These common information, individual information, and Message information is collectively referred to as related information. In the case of satellite broadcasting, this related information is
It is transmitted using the data channel within the digital channel.

This data channel adopts a fixed length packet multiplexing system in Japanese satellite broadcasting, and its packet structure is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, the packet is composed of 288 bits, and when the value of the service identification code in the header part is "10000", it indicates that the data is related information. Then, the type of related information (common information, individual information, message information) is designated by the 8-bit type identification code located at the beginning of the 272 bits of the data portion. It should be noted that the program information and the control information in the common information are distinguished from each other by the 2-bit "classification" data included in the common information.

For reference, FIG. 33 shows the data contents of each packet regarding program information, individual information, and control information. Briefly explaining the contents of these data, in the program information packet, in addition to the header, the type identification code, the division, and the scramble key, the protocol number indicating the revision number of the protocol for processing the program information and the extension 8 bits,
Station identification code for identifying the broadcaster or broadcaster of this program, work key identification code for identifying the work key number, television, additional independent voice, code indicating other service types, pay / free of program And a program classification code indicating parental level information, a program number for identifying a program, and a registration determination type indicating a determination condition when determining whether or not a program can be viewed by a decoder (the following three types of determination conditions are available). .
Optional selection: If there is at least one part that is both "1" at the same bit position of the contract registration code of the individual information and the reference registration code of the program information, it is possible to view. Hierarchical structure: When the contract registration code and the reference registration code are compared as binary numbers, if the former value is greater than or equal to the latter value, it is possible to view.
Perfect match: Viewing is possible if the value of the contract registration code and the value of the reference registration code match. ), Reference registration code that indicates the content of the tier contract, pay-per-view viewing fee, code that controls the effect of scramble, year / month / day / hour / minute code,
It includes a program information change code indicating that the program ends and a program with a different contract condition is entered, a tampering detection code for tampering with the information content and an error during transmission, and a check code.

In the control information, as the information different from that in the program information, an individual information number indicating the number of the individual information for turning on / off the descramble function of the decoder,
There is a decoder identification number for identifying each decoder, a compulsory on / off code for forcibly turning on / off the descramble function of the decoder, and others are the same as the program information.

The individual information is different from the common information, and includes a protocol number indicating the range of the processing function of the decoder and the identification of the encryption algorithm, the type of the individual information, or the specified individual information number. A division code for instructing deletion of information, a contract service code indicating the form of contracted service, a work key, a work key identification code indicating the work key number, an expiration date code indicating the expiration date of individual information,
A station identification code indicating the contracted broadcasting station, a prepaid / postpaid, and a contract type code indicating information on a contract form (flat fee, tier, pay-per-view, etc.), a contract registration code indicating a viewable range registered in the contract (of the code (Assignment is the same as the reference registration code), prepayment code indicating prepayment, individual information number indicating the number for managing the address for writing or erasing individual information in the decoder, contents of individual information (work key,
When updating the expiration date, prepayment, etc.), an update number code whose value is updated for each individual information number is included, and the others are the same as the common information.

After the related information is packed in the packet as described above, it is multiplexed with the program signal and transmitted to the receiving side. At the receiving side, the individual information is sent by the packet separating circuit 24 as shown in FIG. Decoder 22 separated
Where it is decrypted and decrypted by a master key built into the decoder of this receiver. That is, only the own individual information is decrypted and decoded from the individual information sent. Next, the common information in the received signal is decrypted and decrypted by the work key in the decrypted individual information (decoder 2
3) Comparing the decrypted program information in the common information with the contract information in the individual information, it is determined whether the transmitted program can be viewed based on the contract (contract condition comparison circuit). 18).

If it can be viewed, the enable signal from the contract condition comparison circuit 18 is the PN sequence generation circuit 1
It is output to 7. As a result, from the generation circuit 17,
The PN sequence whose initial value is determined by the scramble key in the decrypted common information is output, and the descrambler 15
Outputs a descrambled program signal. In addition, in terms of the confidentiality required of the pay broadcasting system, in principle, the specific internal structure should also be kept secret, but in more detail, the confidential level of each internal structure is The following grades are available.

Part where technical contents are disclosed This is a part marked with a mark in the block (1) shown in the lower part of FIG. 31. For example, the scrambler and descrambler are known by signal analysis. Security, it is necessary to consider in advance, and regarding packet multiplexing and demultiplexing, since the basic packet structure and packet multiplexing method are known, the transmission position of related information is kept secret. The security is ensured by encrypting the transmission content rather than by using.

Although it is a secret, it is desirable that it can be disclosed in consideration of the late-commercial carrier. It is a component marked with a mark in the block (2) in FIG. 31, for example, in pay broadcasting. In principle, multiple broadcasters use the same receiver, so the configuration of the PN sequence generation circuit, cryptographic algorithm, and cryptographic circuit must be made public so that later broadcasters can start business. . However, the cryptographic algorithm and cryptographic circuit must be capable of low-speed processing, can be dealt with by software, and can be adapted to future changes.

Portion that is secret but can be independently managed by the broadcaster is a component marked with a mark in the block (3) in FIG. 31. For example, the scramble key is set by each broadcaster. Even if they share the same decoder, they are sent together with each program, so that each broadcaster who sends the programs can manage it independently. However, when a plurality of broadcasters use the same PN sequence to perform scrambling, a method that enables common management among these broadcasters is necessary. The work key is used for encryption when the scramble key is transmitted by a medium such as radio waves that can be easily accessed from the outside, but can be managed and set independently for each broadcaster.

Part that is a secret and cannot be managed by the broadcaster alone is a part marked with the mark shown in the block (4) in FIG. The master key is used for encryption when the work key is transmitted through a medium such as radio waves that can be easily accessed from the outside, and the information sent to other subscribers is stolen or the contents are falsified. Prevent. This master key is uniquely incorporated in each pay decoder. Then, when each subscriber notifies the broadcaster of the decoder number at the time of contract, the individual information encrypted with the master key corresponding to the number is distributed. The correspondence table between the ID number of the decoder (observable from the outside) and the master key must be secretly managed. When a plurality of broadcasters perform a pay service with a common decoder, it is necessary for the broadcasters to know information that is secretly managed by each other, so a mutually reliable key management organization is required, Manufacturing should also be controlled by this institution.

Although the individual information is transmitted together with the common information in FIG. 31, the individual information may be transmitted to the receiving side by means of an IC card, a telephone or the like. FIG. 34 shows a configuration for transmission by an IC card. In this figure, 25 is a broadcaster A
The IC card issued by the broadcaster B is indicated by 26. In this case, another IC card is distributed again when the individual information such as the contract content is changed, but in order to save the trouble of distributing the IC card each time the change is made, I
A method of sending a C card and updating the contents thereafter by radio waves has also been put into practical use. Also, in FIG. 34, an IC card is issued for each broadcaster, but a smart card system in which one IC card is shared by a plurality of broadcasters by providing a card management institution like a key management institution It is realized in Europe.

(2) Con in the digital VTR
digital access Next, the Condio in the pay broadcasting as described above.
In accordance with the null access method, the above 1. An embodiment in the case where a recording tape capable of conditional access in a digital VTR having the recording format described in 1) can be created will be described in detail with reference to specific configurations of the recording circuit and the reproducing circuit. To do.

First, the digital VTR of such an embodiment
In the following, a circuit operation in the case of performing normal recording and reproduction without scrambling will be described, and then a recording operation in the case of creating a scramble-recorded tape capable of conditional access, and reproducing the tape. On condition
The nal access operation will be described.

1) Circuit Operation in Normal Recording / Reproduction a. Recording Operation FIG. 35 shows a recording circuit of the digital VTR constituting the embodiment. In this figure, the input analog composite video signal is converted into Y, R by the YC separation circuit 41.
-Y and BY components are separated and AD
It is supplied to the converter 42. Further, the analog composite video signal is supplied to the sync separation circuit 44, and the sync signal separated here is supplied to the clock generator 45. The clock generator 45 generates a clock signal for the A / D converter 42 and the blocking / shuffling circuit 43.

The component signal input to the A / D converter 42 is 1 for the Y signal in the case of the 525/60 system.
3.5 MHz, the color difference signal has a sampling frequency of 13.5 / 4 MHz, and in the case of the 625/50 system, Y
Signal is 13.5MHz, color difference signal is 13.5 / 2MHz
A / D conversion is performed at the sampling frequency of. Then, of these A / D converted outputs, only the data DY, DR and DB in the effective scanning period are used in the scramble circuit 30 of the next stage.
8 is supplied.

Here, when creating a normal recording tape that is not scrambled, the scramble ON / OFF switch 313 is set to the OFF state. As a result, the scramble key generation circuit 310 generates a constant reference voltage instead of the scramble key signal. On the other hand, the PN sequence generation circuit 30
The reference numeral 9 is provided with a reference voltage detecting means on its input side, and when it detects that the reference voltage is input instead of the scramble key signal, the generation of the PN series is stopped. For this reason, the scramble circuit 308 does not scramble the input data DY, DR, DB, and directly performs blocking / blocking of the next stage.
Supply to the shuffling circuit 43.

This blocking shuffling circuit 43
, The effective data DY, DR, and DB are 8 in the horizontal direction.
Blocking processing is performed with the sample and 8 lines in the vertical direction as one block, and further 4 DY blocks,
After performing a shuffling operation for increasing the compression efficiency of image data and dispersing errors during reproduction in units of one block of DR and one block of a total of six blocks, the compression encoding unit Is output.

The compression / encoding unit performs D coding on the input block data of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction.
A compression circuit 46 that performs CT (discrete cosine transform), an estimator 48 that estimates whether the result can be compressed to a predetermined data amount, and a quantization step that is finally determined based on the determination result, and variable length encoding is performed. And a quantizer 47 that performs data compression using The output of the quantizer 47 is framed by the framing circuit 49 into the format described in FIG.

The mode processing microcomputer 67 in FIG. 35 is a microcomputer having a man-machine interface with humans, and operates in synchronization with the frequency of vertical synchronization of television signals. The signal processing microcomputer 55 operates closer to the machine, and operates in synchronization with the drum rotation speed of 9000 rpm and 150 Hz.

Then, VAUX, AAUX, SUBCO
The pack data of each area of the DE is basically generated by the mode processing microcomputer, and the absolute track number stored in the TITLE END pack or the like is generated by the signal processing microcomputer 55, and the process of fitting the track at a predetermined position later is performed. Is executed. The time code data stored in the SUBCODE is also generated by the signal processing microcomputer 55.

These results are obtained by the I / O for VAUX, which is an interface between the microcomputer and the hardware.
C56, SUBCODE IC57 and AAUX IC
Given to 58. The VAUX IC 56 synthesizes the output from the framing circuit 49 with the synthesizer 50 at a proper timing. Also, the SUBCODE IC 57 is an AP
3, SID which is the ID of SUBCODE, and SUBBC
ODE pack data SDATA is generated.

On the other hand, after the input audio signal is converted into a digital audio signal by the A / D converter 51,
It is supplied to the scramble circuit 312 configured by an adder circuit (note that the AD of the video signal and the audio signal is
At the time of conversion, although it is not shown in this figure, an LP corresponding to the sampling frequency is provided in the preceding stage of the sampling circuit.
It is necessary to provide F). Here, in the case where the scramble recording is not performed, the scramble ON / OFF switch 313 is set to the OFF state as in the case of the video signal, so that the PN sequence is not output from the PN sequence generation circuit 311 and the scramble circuit 312 is not output. Outputs the input digital audio signal to the shuffling circuit 52 at the next stage without scrambling.

The digital audio signal is subjected to data distribution processing by the shuffling circuit 52 and then framed in the framing circuit 53 into the format described in FIG. IC58 for AAUX at this time
Generates AAUX pack data, checks the timing, and packs them in a predetermined place in the audio SYNC block by the synthesis circuit 54.

Next, the operation of generating and recording the VAUX pack data will be described in detail. FIG. 36 shows the overall flow. First, the mode processing microcomputer 67 generates pack data to be stored in VAUX. It is converted into serial data by the P / S conversion circuit 118 and sent to the signal processing microcomputer 55 according to the communication protocol between the microcomputers. Here, the S / P conversion circuit 119 restores the parallel data,
The data is stored in the buffer memory 123 via the switch 122. The header part at the beginning of every 5 bytes of the sent pack data is extracted by the pack header detection circuit 120, and it is checked whether or not the pack requires an absolute track number. If necessary, the switch 122 is switched to store 23-bit data from the absolute track number generation circuit 121 in 8-bit units. The storage area is a fixed position of PC1, PC2, and PC3 of all packs to be stored as described in the individual pack structure.

Here, the circuit 119 is a serial I / O in the microcomputer, the circuits 120, 121 and 122 are constituted by a microcomputer program, and the circuit 123 is a RAM in the microcomputer. In this way, the processing of the pack structure uses a microcomputer which is advantageous in terms of cost because the processing time of the microcomputer is sufficient even if the processing is not made by hardware. The data thus stored in the buffer memory 123 is VA
Write side timing controller 12 of UX IC 56
It is read out one by one according to the instructions from 5. At this time, the switch 124 is switched so that the first six packs are for the main area and the subsequent 390 packs are for the optional area.

The FIFO 126 for the main area is 30 bytes, and the FIFO 127 for the optional area is 1950.
It has a capacity of bytes (525/60 system) or 2340 bytes (625/50 system). VAUX
Is the track SYN as shown in [1] of FIG.
It is stored at the C numbers 19, 20, and 156. When the in-frame track numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, the main area is + azimuth in the first half of the SYNC number 19, and when the in-frame track numbers are 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, -azimuth. There is a main area in the latter half of the SYNC number 156. This is collectively drawn in one video frame in [2] of FIG. In this way, the timing signal nMA
The main area is when IN = “L”. Such a signal is generated by the read side timing controller 129, the switch 128 is switched, and its output is combined circuit 50.
Hand over to.

Here, when nMAIN = “L”, the data in the main area FIFO 126 is repeated 10 times (525/60 system) or 12 times (625/625).
50 system) will be read. nMAIN =
When it is "H", the optional area FIFO 127 is read out. It is read only once per video frame.
FIG. 38 shows a VAUX pack data generation unit in the mode processing microcomputer. First, the circuit is roughly divided into a main area and an optional area. Circuit 131
Is a data collection and generation circuit for the main area. The data as shown in the figure is received from the digital bus or the tuner and a data group as shown at 139 is internally generated.
This is assembled into a bit-byte structure of the main pack, a pack header is added by the switch 132, and the pack header is input to the P / S conversion circuit 118 via the switch 136.

As the data relating to the scramble recording, as described above, the VAUX SOURCE CON
The SS code is recorded in the TROL pack, but in this case, if the recording signal is not related to the child lock program, the OFF signal of the scramble ON / OFF switch 313 in FIG. 35 is input to the mode processing microcomputer 67. Based on this, the mode processing microcomputer determines that the VAUX S storing the SS code of the value “11” is stored.
Generate an SOURCE CONTROL pack.

Further, the optional area data collection / generation circuit 133 is provided with a TELETE from a tuner, for example.
XT data, program titles, etc. are input, and pack data storing these is generated. The VTR set individually decides which optional area to record. The pack header is set by the circuit 134 and the switch 1 is set.
And added to the P / S conversion circuit 138 via the switch 136. The timing adjustment circuit 137 performs these timings. Here again, as described above, the circuit 118 is a serial I / O in the microcomputer, and the circuits 131 to 137 are composed of a microcomputer program.

FIG. 39 shows the AAUX pack data generator in the mode processing microcomputer. A in this circuit
Generation of the AUX pack data is performed by the same operation as in the case of the VAUX pack data described above. For example, if the recording signal is not related to the child lock program,
The mode processing microcomputer, based on the OFF signal from the scramble ON / OFF switch 313, sets the SS value “11” to SS.
AAUX SOURCE CONT containing the code
Generate a ROL pack.

Now, returning to the description of FIG. 35, in the generator 59 in FIG. 35, the AV (Audio / Video) is used in the generator 59.
o) Each ID part, pre-SYNC, and post-SYNC are generated. Here, AP1 and AP2 are also generated and the predetermined ID
Fit into the part. The output of the generator 59 and ADATA (AU
DIO DATA), VDATA (VIDEO DAT)
A), SID, and SDATA are switched by the first switching circuit SW1 in view of the timing.

A predetermined parity is added to the output of the first switching circuit SW1 in the parity generation circuit 60, and the random number generation circuit 61 and the 24/25 conversion circuit 62 are added.
Is supplied to. Here, the randomizing circuit 61 randomizes the input data in order to eliminate the DC component of the data. Also, 2
The 4/25 conversion circuit 62 performs a process of adding one bit for every 24 bits of data to give a pilot signal component and a precoding process (partial response class IV) suitable for digital recording.

The data thus obtained is supplied to the combiner 63, where the A / V SYNC and SUBCODE are supplied.
The audio, video and SUBCODE SYNC patterns generated by the SYNC generator 64 are combined.
The output of the combiner 63 is supplied to the second switching circuit SW2. The ITI data output from the ITI generator 65 and the amble pattern output from the amble pattern generator 66 are also supplied to the second switching circuit SW2.

The ITI generator 65 is supplied with each data of APT, SP / LP and PF from the mode processing microcomputer 67. The ITI generator 65 inserts these data into a predetermined position of the TIA, and the second switching circuit SW2
Supply to. Therefore, by switching the switching circuit SW2 at a predetermined timing, the amble pattern and ITI data are added to the output of the combiner 63. The output of the second switching circuit SW2 is amplified by a recording amplifier (not shown), and a magnetic head (not shown).
Is recorded on a magnetic tape (not shown).

The mode processing microcomputer 67 performs the operation of generating each pack data as described above.
It also manages the mode of the entire TR. Then, the third switching circuit SW3 connected to this microcomputer is used for inputting various data necessary for generation of pack data and the like for instructing various operation modes of the digital VTR.
It constitutes a group of external switches externally attached to the R body.
That is, the setting contents and input data by this switch group are detected by the mode processing microcomputer 67, and given to the signal processing microcomputer 55, the MIC microcomputer 69 and the mechanical control microcomputer (not shown) by communication between the microcomputers as needed.

The MIC microcomputer 69 is a MIC processing microcomputer. Here, pack data and A in MIC
Generates PM etc. and MI through MIC contact (not shown)
Feed to MIC 68 in a cassette with C (not shown).
Next, generation of pack data in the MIC microcomputer will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, the serial data input from the mode processing microcomputer 67 is S
The data is converted into parallel data in the / P conversion circuit 39 and processed in the microcomputer.

V in the main area shown in FIG.
TR side rewrites APM and CAS at address 0
ME flag in SETTE ID pack and TITL
It is an EEND pack (note that TAPE LENGTH
The data in the pack is written by the tape manufacturer). Among these, the RE flag and the ME flag are generated inside the MIC microcomputer, but for the others, data is received from the mode processing microcomputer 67. The absolute track number, SL flag and BF flag are generated by the signal processing microcomputer and received via the mode processing microcomputer.

The data thus obtained is assembled according to the operation of the MIC and written in the MIC 68. The switch 32 is for supplying the pack header when writing the TITLE END pack, and is switched to the upper side only at this time. Various items are recorded in the optional area of the MIC. For example, text data such as a program title is sent from the mode processing microcomputer 67. The MIC microcomputer assembles these as necessary and writes them.

The data assembled by the MIC microcomputer is converted by the circuit 38 into the IIC bus format which is the MIC communication protocol, and then transmitted to the MIC. Although the circuits other than the circuits 38 and 39 in the figure are microcomputer programs, the data of the circuits 31 and 33 are actually stored in the RAM inside the microcomputer. The series of recording operations in the recording circuit of FIG. 35 described above is performed by the mode processing microcomputer 67.
The mechanical control microcomputer or the signal processing microcomputer 55 and the ICs in charge of each part cooperate with each other.

B. Playback Operation Next, referring to FIGS. 41 and 42, the digital VT will be described.
The operation of the R reproducing circuit will be described. In these figures, a weak signal reproduced from a magnetic tape (not shown) by a magnetic head (not shown) is amplified by a head amplifier (not shown) and added to the equalizer circuit 71. The equalizer circuit 71 uses an emphasis process (for example, partial response class I) performed to improve the electromagnetic conversion characteristics between the magnetic tape and the magnetic head during recording.
The reverse processing of V) is performed.

The clock extraction circuit 72 extracts the clock CK from the output of the equalizer circuit 71. This clock CK is supplied to the A / D converter 73, and the output of the equalizer circuit 71 is digitized. The 1-bit data thus obtained is written in the FIFO 74 using the clock CK. This clock CK is a temporally unstable signal containing a jitter component of the rotary head drum. However, since the data itself before A / D conversion also contains a jitter component, there is no problem in sampling itself.

However, when extracting image data or the like from this point, the time axis adjustment is performed using the FIFO 74 because the data cannot be extracted unless the data is temporally stable. That is, writing is performed with an unstable clock, but reading is performed with a stable clock SCK from the self-excited oscillator 91 using a crystal oscillator or the like shown in FIG. FI
The depth of the FO 74 is set to have a margin such that the FO 74 is not read faster than the input speed of the input data.

The output of each stage of the FIFO 74 is applied to the SYNC pattern detection circuit 75. Here, the SYNC pattern of each area is switched and given by the timing circuit 79 by the fifth switching circuit SW5. The SYNC pattern detection circuit 75 has a flywheel configuration, and once a SYNC pattern is detected, the same S pattern is re-established after a predetermined SYNC block length.
See if the YNC pattern comes. For example 3
A majority vote is considered to be true if it is correct more than once to prevent false detection. The depth of the FIFO 74 is required for this several minutes.

When the SYNC pattern is detected in this way, the shift amount is determined which part of the output of each stage of the FIFO 74 should be extracted to obtain one SYNC block. SW4 is closed and the necessary bits are fetched into the SYNC block confirmation latch 77. As a result, the captured SY
The NC number is fetched by the SYNC number extraction circuit 78 and supplied to the timing circuit 79. This read S
Since the position on the track where the head is scanning is known from the YNC number, the fifth switching circuit SW5 and the sixth switching circuit SW6 are switched accordingly.

The sixth switching circuit SW6 is switched to the lower side when the head is scanning the ITI area, removes the ITISYNC pattern by the subtractor 80, and adds it to the ITI decoder 81. Since the ITI area is coded and recorded, each data of APT, SP / LP and PF can be taken out by decoding it. These data are given to the mode processing microcomputer 82 to which the seventh switching circuit SW7 for setting the SP / LP mode is connected. Mode processing microcomputer 8
Reference numeral 2 designates the operation mode of the digital VTR as a whole, such as the mechanical control microcomputer 85 and the signal processing microcomputer 10.
Cooperate with 0 to control the system of the entire set.

The mode processing microcomputer 82 is connected to the MIC microcomputer 83 for managing the APM and the like. MIC
Information from the MIC 84 in the attached cassette (not shown) is transferred to this MI via a MIC contact switch (not shown).
It is given to the C microcomputer 83 and performs processing of the MIC while sharing the role with the mode processing microcomputer 82. Depending on the set, the MIC microcomputer 83 may be omitted and the mode processing microcomputer 82 may perform MIC processing.

When the head is scanning the audio area, the video area or the SUBCODE area, the sixth switching circuit SW6 is switched to the upper side. After the SYNC pattern of each area is extracted by the subtractor 86, it is passed through the 24/25 inverse conversion circuit 87, further added to the inverse randomization circuit 88, and returned to the original data string.
The data thus fetched is added to the error correction circuit 89.

The error correction circuit 89 uses the parity added on the recording side to detect and correct the error data, but the data that cannot be completely removed is ERROR.
Output with flags. Each data is switched and output by the eighth switching circuit SW8. AV
The ID, pre-SYNC, and post-SYNC extraction circuit 90
A / V area, SYNC number stored in pre-SYNC and post-SYNC, track number, and pre-S
Each SP / LP signal stored in the YNC is extracted. These are given to the timing circuit 79 and used for generating various timings. In the extraction circuit 90, AP1 and AP2 are also extracted and supplied to the mode processing microcomputer 82 for checking. AP
When 1, AP2 = 000, it operates normally, but when it is any other value, warning operation such as warning processing is performed.

Regarding SP / LP, the mode processing microcomputer 82 makes a comparative study with that obtained from ITI.
In the ITI area, there are 3 times SP / in the TIA area.
The LP information is written, and the reliability is increased by taking the majority vote etc. There are 2 SYNCs for each of the audio and video in the pre-SYNC, and SP / LP information is written at four locations in total. Here too, there is a majority vote to improve reliability. Finally, if they do not match, the ITI area is preferentially adopted.

The VDATA output from the eighth switching circuit SW8 is divided into video data and video accompanying data by the ninth switching circuit SW9 shown in FIG. Then, the video data is given to the deframing circuit 94 together with the error flag. The deframing circuit 94 performs the inverse conversion of the framing on the recording side, and grasps the property of the data packed therein. Therefore, when there is an error that can not be caught in one data, I understand how it affects other data, so I will handle the propagation error here. As a result, the ERROR flag becomes a VERROR flag that newly includes a propagation error. The deframing circuit 94 also performs processing for removing error flags by modifying the image data if the data has an error but is not important for image reproduction.

The video data is returned to the data before compression through the dequantization circuit 95 and the decompression circuit 96. Further, the data returned to the original DY ′, DR ′, DB ′ in the deshuffling / deblocking circuit 97 is supplied to the descramble circuit 302. On the other hand, the mode processing microcomputer 82 uses the reproduced VAUX SOURCE CON
TROL pack and AAUX SOURCE CONT
When the SS code in the ROL pack has a value other than "00", the generation of the PN sequence in the PN sequence generation circuit 301 is stopped, whereby the descramble circuit 302 is generated.
Is set to the inactive state, the deblocking output from the circuit 97 is input to the error correction circuit 342 without being descrambled. Here, since this input has the original image space arrangement, the image is corrected based on the VERROR flag. As a concrete correction method, for example, the image data of one frame before is always stored in the memory, and the image block in error is replaced by the previous image data.

The error-corrected signals are returned by the D / A converters 101 to 103 to Y, RY, and BY analog components. The clock at this time uses the output of the oscillation circuit 91 and the output obtained by dividing the frequency by the frequency divider 92. That Y _{is, 13.5MH Z, R-Y,} B-Y is 6.75
Is a MH _Z or 3.375MH _Z. The three signal components thus obtained are combined in the Y / C combination circuit 104, and further combined in the combiner 105 with the composite sync signal from the sync signal generation circuit 93, and output from the terminal 106 as a composite video signal.

ADATA output from the eighth switching circuit SW8 is divided into audio data and audio accompanying data by the tenth switching circuit SW10 shown in FIG. Then, the audio data and the ERROR flag are combined with the deframing circuit 107.
Given to.

The deframing circuit 107 performs the inverse conversion of the framing on the recording side, and grasps the property of the data packed therein. Therefore, when there is an error that can not be caught in one data, I understand how it affects other data, so I will handle the propagation error here. For example, at the time of 16-bit sampling, one data is in 8-bit units, so one E
The RROR flag is the AERR that newly contains the propagation error.
It becomes an OR flag.

The audio data is supplied to the descramble circuit 306 via the next deshuffling circuit 108. Here, since the mode processing microcomputer 82 has stopped the generation of the PN sequence in the PN sequence generation circuit 304 based on the value of the SS code being not "00", the audio output from the deshuffling circuit 108 is not output. The data is supplied to the error correction circuit 343 without being scrambled, and the correction is performed based on the AERROR flag. For example, a process such as a previous value hold that substitutes the sound immediately before the error is performed. If the error period is too long and the correction does not work, the sound itself is stopped by taking measures such as muting.

After performing such a treatment, the D / A converter 1
It is returned to the analog value by 09, and is output from the analog audio output terminal 110 while timing such as lip sync with the image data is taken. Now, each data of VAUX and AAUX separated by the ninth switching circuit SW9 and the tenth switching circuit SW10 is
IC for VAUX 98 and IC for AAUX 111, respectively
In the above, preprocessing such as majority processing is performed while also referring to the error flag.

The ID data SID and pack data SDATA of the SUBCODE area output from the eighth switching circuit SW8 are the SUBCODE IC 11
2, the preprocessing such as the majority processing is performed while also referring to the error flag. The data that has been subjected to these pre-processing is then given to the signal processing microcomputer 100, and the final reading operation is performed. The errors that could not be removed in the pre-processing are VAUXE
It is given to the signal processing microcomputer 100 as R, SUBER, and AAUXER.

The SUBCODE IC 112 is the AP
3 and APT are extracted and passed to the mode processing microcomputer 82 via the signal processing microcomputer 100 for checking. The mode processing microcomputer 82 uses the A from the ITI.
A based on PT and APT from SUBCODE
The value of PT is confirmed, and when the value is not "000", an operation such as a warning process is performed. Further, when AP3 = 000, the normal operation is performed, but when the value is other than that, warning operation such as warning processing is performed.

Here, supplementing the error processing of the pack data, each area has a main area and an optional area. In the case of the 525/60 system, the same data is written 10 times in the main area. Therefore, even if some of them have an error, they can be supplemented and reproduced with other data, and the ERROR flag there is no longer an error. However, SUBCODE
For the optional areas other than, the data is written once, so the error remains VAUXER, AAUXER
Will remain as. The signal processing microcomputer 100 further performs propagation error processing, data repair processing, and the like by analogy with the context of the pack of each data. The result of this determination is given to the mode processing microcomputer 82 and used as a material for determining the behavior of the entire set.

Next, a pack data reproducing circuit in the VAUX IC 98 and the signal processing microcomputer 100 will be described by taking VAUX as an example. Here, a configuration example using a simple processing method of not writing in the memory in the case of an error will be described as the preprocessing, not the majority processing. Figure 4
3 shows a circuit example of the VAUX IC 98. First, the VAUX pack data coming from the switching circuit SW9 is transferred to the write side controller 142 so that nMAIN = in FIG.
By switching the switch 141 at the timing of “L”, it is distributed to the main area memory 145 and the optional area FIFO 148.

The pack data in the main area is read by the pack header detection circuit 143 and the switch 144 is switched. Then, the data is written in the main area memory only when it is not ERROR. This memory has a 9-bit configuration, and the shaded portion in the figure is the storage bit of the error flag. As the initial setting of the memory for the main area, all the contents are set to 1 (= no information) for each video frame. And if it is ERROR, do nothing and ERRO
If it is not R, the data is written and 0 is written in the error flag. Since the same pack is written 10 or 12 times in one frame in the main area, the place where the error flag is set to 1 at the end of one video frame is finally recognized as an error.

Since the optional area is basically written once, the ERROR flag is written as it is in the optional area FIFO 148 together with the data. These are sent to the signal processing microcomputer 100 via the switches 146 and 147 which are switched by the read side timing controller 149. The signal processing microcomputer 100 analyzes the received pack data and the error flag.
The processing operation in the signal processing microcomputer 100 will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, the pack header identification circuit 150 sorts the pack data (VAUXDT) sent from the VAUX IC 98 and stores it in the memory 151. This does not particularly distinguish between the main area and the optional area.

In the case of a pack in the main area, VAU
Similar to the X IC 98, the writing process is not performed when the error flag “1” is set in VAUXER. As a result, at least one video frame before can be repaired. Since it is considered that the content of the main area has a very strong correlation with the value one video frame before, there is no particular problem even if it is substituted by this processing.

On the other hand, in the case of an optional area pack, it is considered that there is no correlation with the value of one video frame before, so error propagation processing is performed in pack units.
This method is basically carried out by changing all the data to FFh if there is an error in the fixed-length pack data of 5 bytes, but it is also necessary to deal with individual packs. . For example, in the case of a "Telexext" pack in which Teletext data is stored,
Because of the number of consecutive packs, even if there is an error in the pack header between the packs, the pack can be easily replaced with the Teletxt pack header. Even if there is an error in the data part, if there is no error in the pack header, the pack will not be changed to the "pack without information".
This restores the Teletext data to the Tel
Since it is entrusted to the parity check of the etext decoder, the data is left as it is even if an error is found.

That is, in the digital VTR of the present embodiment, although not shown in the reproducing circuit of FIG. 42, it has a large amount of data such as text data and Teletext data, and is a continuous data sequence. The characteristic pack data is transferred from the signal processing microcomputer 100 to a dedicated data processing circuit to perform error correction with higher efficiency and reduce the load on the mode processing microcomputer 82.

The data prepared by the processing in the signal processing microcomputer 100 as described above does not already have an error flag. These are converted into serial data by the P / S conversion circuit 152 and sent to the mode processing microcomputer 82 according to the communication protocol between the microcomputers. Where S / P
The conversion circuit 153 restores the parallel data and performs pack data decomposition analysis.

Here, the circuits 150 and 155 and the switch 154 are constituted by a program of a microcomputer, the memory 151 is a memory inside the microcomputer, and the circuits 152 and 153 are serial I / O inside the microcomputer. In the pack data decomposition analysis in the mode processing microcomputer 82, the pack data is analyzed based on the confirmed pack header, and various control information, display information, etc. obtained as the analysis result are respectively controlled circuits, display circuits, etc. Supply to.

2) Conditional access
Recording / reproducing operation when ss operation is enabled To create a scramble-recorded tape capable of conditional access, the scramble key generation circuits 310 to 32 are turned on by turning on the scramble ON / OFF switch 313 in FIG. A bit scramble key is generated, and PN sequence generation circuits 309 and 31 are generated based on this scramble key.
1 to generate a PN sequence for video signal scrambling and a PN sequence for audio signal scrambling, respectively. Then, the video signal and the audio signal are scrambled by scrambling circuits 308 and 312 based on these PN sequences, and then supplied to the blocking / shuffling circuit 43.

At this time, the mode processing microcomputer 67
, The scramble ON / OFF switch 313
The VAUX SOURCE C whose SS code value is "00" based on the ON-state signal input from
ONTROL pack and AAUX SOURCE CO
NTROL packs are generated and these packs are recorded on the tape. Further, the scramble key generation circuit 310
The scramble key generated by the mode processing microcomputer 67
The scramble key pack storing the scramble key is generated here, and is recorded in the maker's optional area on the tape following the maker code pack as shown in FIG.

Here, the data structure of the maker code pack will be supplementarily described. Although a specific data structure of the maker code pack can be arbitrarily set by each maker as described above, in this embodiment, the maker option pack of the item codes F1h to FEh in the soft mode group shown in FIG. The maker code pack is configured so that it can be independently expanded and defined for various business types in each department of the maker.

The basic structure of the maker code pack in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in this figure, the manufacturer code is stored in the 2nd byte of this pack, and it is recorded following this pack using the lower 2 bits of the 3rd and 4th bytes. The total number of manufacturer optional packs (TDP) to be stored is stored. Further, the manufacturer's department code is stored in the remaining bits of the fourth byte, and the category code representing the product or business contents handled in the department is stored in the fifth byte. It Then, on the tape, a maker optional pack uniquely developed and defined for each category of the department stored in this maker code pack is recorded following this maker code pack.

That is, in this example, the maker optional packs of F1h to FEh are defined according to the hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. A specific example will be described with reference to FIG. 48. In the example shown in FIG. 48, in the video division of A Co., Ltd., regarding the manufacturer optional pack that records data regarding the digital VTR, the pack regarding F1h records data regarding special reproduction. It is defined as a pack, the F2h pack is defined as a pack for recording the number of times played, the F3h pack is defined as a pack for recording data regarding special buttons, and data regarding the aircraft business of the non-con division is recorded. For manufacturer optional pack, F1
The h pack is defined as a pack in which Conditional access program information is recorded, the F2h pack is defined as a pack for recording control information, and the F3h pack is defined as a pack for recording individual information. ing.

Now, returning to FIG. 45, in the example of this figure, since the value of TDP in the manufacturer code pack is "1", the number of manufacturer optional packs recorded after this pack. Is shown to be 1, and it is shown to be a pack in which the data of the commercial video distribution business of S Corporation is stored. The F5h optional pack recorded here is defined as a pack for recording the scramble key.

Next, the descrambling operation in the reproducing circuit shown in FIGS. 41 and 42 will be described. In these figures, the mode processing microcomputer 82 analyzes the pack data group input from the signal processing microcomputer 100 and analyzes the VAUX SOURCE CONTROL pack or the AAUX SOURCE CONTROL in the pack data group.
When the value of the SS code in the pack is "00", the operation of reading the data of the scramble key pack in the pack data group and inputting it to the PN sequence generation circuits 301 and 304 is executed. As a result, the descramble circuits 302 and 306 execute descramble of image data and audio data, and normal viewing is possible. For reference, the operation flow of the mode processing microcomputer in this case is shown in FIG.
9 shows.

3) Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 50 and 51. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 50, a user ID pack whose item code is F7h is also recorded in addition to the scramble key pack. That is, in this embodiment, each user who has a contract with the recording tape producer is given a unique 1-byte user identification code in advance, and when the recording tape is manufactured, the viewing condition is set. A user ID pack storing the identification code of the satisfying user is recorded in the manufacturer's optional area.

To record the user ID pack, specifically, in FIG. 35, the user ID code is input to the mode processing microcomputer 67 by using the switch group SW3 in advance before the recording operation is started. It is generated and executed by recording this user ID pack in the optional area with the start of the recording operation. When there are five or more user identification codes to be recorded, a sufficient number of user ID packs can store those user identification codes.

Then, the user needs to input his own code into the VTR when playing back the tape for viewing, and the user ID pack storing the same code as the input code is on the tape. If it is recorded in, the scramble is released and the viewing can be performed.
FIG. 51 shows an operation flow for descrambling by the mode processing microcomputer in this case. As shown in this figure, when the reproduction tape is scramble-recorded, it is first judged whether or not the user identification code is input by the user (step ST5). Command to execute the identification code input operation (see step ST7. Note that, in this instruction, a control signal is input from the mode processing microcomputer 82 to the character display control circuit 303 in the reproducing circuit of FIGS. 41 and 42, and this control is performed. It is executed by displaying a character that indicates the content of the instruction on the screen based on the signal). When a code is input, it is confirmed that the same code as the input code is stored in the user ID pack, and then the scramble key in the scramble key pack is input to the PN generation circuit.

In this embodiment, on the tape on which the scramble recording is performed, the identification code stored in the user ID pack is appropriately changed according to the area on the tape, so that the area that can be viewed by each user can be viewed. Can be different. FIG. 52 shows an example of such setting. In this example, as is apparent from the figure, the user having the user identification code 56h can view the areas (1) and (3) on the tape.

4) Fourth Embodiment Next, a third embodiment in which the confidentiality is made higher than the above-mentioned embodiments will be described. In this embodiment, as pack data for Conditional access, a work key pack of item code F3h and a work key data pack of F6h are recorded on the tape as shown in FIG. In this figure, 5
Two work key packs are used to record a 6-bit (7-byte) work key, and a 32-bit scramble key and four user codes (4 bytes) are encrypted by the work key. Two work key data packs are used to record the obtained 8-byte work key data.

FIG. 54 shows a circuit configuration of a recording system for generating these pack data. The operation of this circuit will be described. Prior to the start of the recording operation, first, the work key is set in the work key setting circuit 321 and the necessary user identification code is set in the user identification code setting circuit 320. The switch 323 is connected to the lower side during the non-recording operation, so that the output obtained by encrypting the user identification code set by the user identification code setting circuit 320 with the work key is sent from the encryptor 322 to the mode processing microcomputer 67. It is supplied and stored internally in a work key data pack.

Next, the scramble ON / OFF switch 313 is turned on and a recording start switch (not shown)
When the switch is turned on, the switch 323 is connected to the upper side, so that the output obtained by encrypting the scramble key output from the scramble key generation circuit 310 with the work key is supplied to the mode processing microcomputer, and this encrypted output is also internal to the microcomputer. Stored in the work key data pack. These packs generated in the mode processing microcomputer are sequentially recorded in the optional area as the recording operation progresses. Since the value of the scramble key generated from the scramble key generation circuit 310 changes in a short time,
Along with this, the data of the work key data pack in which the scramble key encryption output in the mode processing microcomputer is stored is also updated sequentially. Of course, if the degree of confidentiality may be sacrificed to some extent, the specific structure of the scramble key generation circuit 310 may be such that the value of the scramble key is directly set by a manual operation.

Next, the configuration and operation for executing descrambling during reproduction will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, the mode processing microcomputer 82 is the SOURC included in the pack data group supplied from the signal processing microcomputer.
Identify the SS code in the E CONTROL pack,
When the value is "00", the data of the work key pack included in the pack data group and the data in the work key data pack are supplied to the decoder, and the latter data is decrypted by the former data. The scramble key and the user identification code thus obtained are taken out. Next, based on these data, the same processing as in the case of FIG. 50 is performed, and descrambling is executed.

5) Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment in which confidentiality is further strengthened will be described. In this embodiment, a master key is incorporated in the digital VTR in advance, and when performing scramble recording, a master key data pack storing master key data obtained by encrypting a work key with the master key,
A work key data pack storing data in which a scramble key and a user identification code are encrypted by the work key is recorded. FIG. 56 shows the structure of recorded pack data. As shown here, the data obtained by encrypting the 56-bit work key with the master key is recorded using two master key data packs, and the data obtained by encrypting the scramble key and the user identification code with the work key is It is recorded using two work key data packs.

The circuit configuration of the recording system in this example is shown in FIG. The difference from the circuit shown in FIG. 54 is that
The output of the encryptor 325 that encrypts the work key set by the work key setting circuit with the master key is supplied to the mode processing microcomputer to generate the master key data pack. The operation is similar to that of FIG.

The structure of the reproducing system is shown in FIG. In this configuration, unlike the configuration shown in FIG. 55, the decoder 32
6 is characterized in that the work key is extracted by decrypting the data in the master key data pack with the master key. Therefore, in this example,
Normal viewing can be performed only on a VTR in which a predetermined master key is incorporated. For example, in the case of an in-house video, it can be played back only on a VTR installed in a specific room. Furthermore, since the condition for matching the entered user identification code is also imposed, higher confidentiality is realized.

The third embodiment and the fourth embodiment described above
In the embodiment, the user identification codes for four persons are recorded, but of course, without being limited to this, it is possible to record the user identification codes for any number of persons by increasing the number of packs, Further, the user identification code may not be used as in the first embodiment. Further, in the configuration of FIGS. 54 and 57, the encryptor 322
Is configured as a 4-byte data encryptor, and the scramble key and user code are encrypted separately. This is configured as an 8-byte data encryptor, and the scramble key and the user code are encrypted. Of course, the code and the code may be encrypted together. Furthermore, the scramble key used in each of the above embodiments,
The bit number of the work key or the like is merely one specific example, and different bit numbers can be arbitrarily adopted.

6) Fifth Embodiment Next, the system for the above-mentioned in-house video, in-flight movie, mini theater, etc. is subjected to Conditional access.
A fifth embodiment will be described in which new program software is delivered to these systems by using a satellite when it is configured by using a possible digital VTR.

In this case, the image signal and the audio signal of the new scrambled program software are delivered using the satellite, and at the same time, related information such as control information and program information is attached to the new program software. Try to send. Then, the transmitted image signal and audio signal are recorded on the tape while being scrambled, and the transmitted related information is recorded on the tape in a pack structure. This makes it possible to provide new software without distributing tapes one by one. It should be noted that the same can be done when the soft tape is directly copied.

First, FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which control information and program information are transmitted by radio waves in the same format as the above-mentioned pay broadcasting, and individual information for one packet is recorded and distributed in an IC card. In this configuration example, each of the 288-bit program information and control information transmitted in one packet is directly stored in nine packs and recorded in the manufacturer's optional area. The item code of the program ID pack storing the program information is set to F1h, and the item code of the control ID pack storing the control information is set to F2h.

Since the program information and the control information can be distinguished by the 2-bit division code as described above, only one type of common information storing pack is defined as a pack for storing these pieces of information. It is also possible to use it. Further, the common information is to be transmitted up to five times at the maximum when transmitting radio waves in satellite broadcasting, and in the case of recording this on the tape in the present embodiment, it is written many times within one video frame. This improves the safety against head clogs and side scratches.

The item code of the individual information is F3.
Using a personal ID pack for recording individual information of h
It is recorded on the C card. As described above, by adopting the same pack structure as the accompanying data on the tape for recording the individual information, it is possible to easily perform programming when the individual information is processed by the mode processing microcomputer.

Next, the case of delivering in-plane movie program software by satellite will be described with reference to specific examples of related information. The main contents of the program information and individual information in this case are those shown in [1] of FIG. As shown in this figure, in addition to the contract start date, the contract end date is also recorded in the individual information. Then, these dates are compared with the date data of the control information used in the aircraft to determine whether the contract conditions are satisfied. As a result, V is set as the reference date for comparison.
It is possible to prevent unauthorized viewing that is expected when a TR built-in clock or the like is used. Note that it is possible to include hourly and minute data in addition to the date data. The contract start date is
It is also recorded in the program information on the tape, and scrambling is canceled by comparing these. For reference, a specific example of this information is shown in [2] of the figure. In this specific example, as can be seen by calculating the number of bits of data, the number of packs required to record these pieces of information is three for program information and two for control information.
There are four pieces of information and individual information.

In the case of a mini theater, the main contents of the program information and individual information shown in [1] of FIG. 3 are adopted. It should be noted that the number of reproductions recorded in the IC card is counted down each time it is shown, and the numerical value in the IC card is updated. When the value becomes 0, the contract is terminated and the reproducing operation is prohibited thereafter. On the contrary, it is also possible to configure a system in which the number of shows is recorded in the IC card and the fee is charged based on the number of shows in the IC card collected at the end of the contract. For reference, a specific example of this information is shown in [2] of the figure.

Finally, in the case of selecting only the program software that can be viewed and listened to based on the contract from the program software delivered using the satellite while the aircraft is parked or in flight and recorded on the tape. The reception recording system will be described. A specific example of the related information in this case is shown in FIG. In this figure, the data that are connected to each other by arrows indicate that the data are compared with each other for the above selection. Explaining this sorting operation, first, it is checked whether each airline ID and route ID in the program information and the individual information match, and the work key number (work key identification code) also matches. Check if

At this time, looking at the contract type code in the individual information, if it is a tier contract, the reference registration code in the program information and the contract registration code in the individual information are compared according to the registration determination type code in the program information, Judge whether the program software sent is viewable or not, and
If so, the recording operation in the digital VTR is executed. If there is forced off data in the control information,
The individual information number, decoder identification number, and airline company ID are compared with those in the individual information, and if they match, the recording operation is forcibly turned off. For reference, FIG. 5 shows a circuit peripheral configuration directly related to the ON / OFF control of the above recording operation in this reception recording system.

Explaining the circuit operation in this figure, the scrambled image signal of the program signal extracted from the tuner 401 is passed through the switch 408 to the YC separation circuit 413 provided in the recording system of the digital VTR 415. input. On the other hand, the digital audio signal in the program signal is taken out by the audio signal separation circuit 402, and the error correction by the transmission error check code is executed here. The error-corrected scrambled digital audio signal is input to the buffer circuit 410 attached to the audio signal recording system of the digital VTR via the switch 409.

Also, after the common information transmitted together with the program signal is separated in the packet separation circuit 403, this is input to the mode processing microcomputer of the digital VTR via the switch 407 and supplied to the decoder 404. The program information and control information decoded by the decoder, and the individual information decoded by the decoder 405 are input to the contract condition determination / control information determination device 406, and the program transmitted as described above by this device is It is determined whether the contract condition is satisfied, and whether it should be turned off by the forced off information in the control information.

Only when it is determined that the normal viewing is permitted, the above switches 407 to 409 are turned on based on the result of this determination. As a result, the image signal input to the digital VTR is subjected to processing such as YC separation and AD conversion, and is recorded on the tape in accordance with the above-mentioned video data recording format. On the other hand, the digital audio signal input to the digital VTR via the switch 409 is first supplied to the buffer circuit 410, where the recording timing is adjusted and then input to the audio data framing circuit 411 at the next stage. It is recorded on the tape according to the recording format of the audio data. Further, the common information from the switch 407 is stored in the pack in the mode processing microcomputer and then recorded on the tape.

Although not shown in the figure, the reproduction system of the image signal and the audio signal in the digital VTR 415 is provided with a descramble circuit corresponding to the scramble circuit provided on the transmission side. The original image signal and digital audio signal are extracted by operating the descramble circuit with the PN sequence based on the scramble key in the reproduced program information. This descrambled digital audio signal is
It is input to the audio signal decoder corresponding to the audio signal digital encoder on the transmitting side, and the original analog audio signal is taken out here.

7) Other Configuration Examples Various embodiments have been described above, but various other configurations can be made. For example, in the above embodiment, when scramble recording is performed, both the image signal and the audio signal are scrambled.
As a form of scrambling, any mode can be selected from three modes: a mode in which both image and audio signals are scrambled, a mode in which only image signals are scrambled, and a mode in which only audio signals are scrambled. It may be configured so that it can be appropriately selected and executed (for example, by selecting a mode in which scrambling is performed only for image signals, non-contractors can be made interested in pay program software. it can.).

Then, in this case, the recorded SOURC
The value of the SS code stored in the E CONTROL pack is set to A in the mode as in the above-described embodiments.
SOURCE CONTR for both AUX and VAUX
In the OL pack, it is set to "00", in the mode of, only the SS code value in the VAUX SOURCE CONTROL pack is set to "00", and in the mode of, only the SS code value in the AAUX SOURCE CONTROL pack is set to "00". And And
When performing descrambling when playing a tape, the SS in the played SOURCE CONTROL pack
Depending on the value of the code, either the image signal and the audio signal, the image signal only, or the audio signal only is selected and descrambled. You can enjoy normal viewing.

Further, in the recording circuit of FIG. 35, the scramble circuit 308 is provided on the output side of the AD converter 42. However, instead of inserting the scramble circuit specially into the image signal processing path as described above, ,blocking·
PN for the shuffling operation in the shuffling circuit 43
The scramble may be executed by disturbing according to the sequence. As a specific method for this, for example, a configuration in which a read address for reading an image signal stored in a video memory for shuffling according to a shuffling pattern is displaced according to a PN sequence can be used. Alternatively, the scramble may be performed by changing the output data of the quantizer in the compression encoding unit according to the PN sequence. The shuffling circuit 52 is similarly used for scrambling the audio signal.
It is possible to perform scrambling in.

In each of the above embodiments, the individual information is I
Although the configuration is adopted that is distributed by the C card, it may be transmitted by other means such as radio waves. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration conforming to the pay broadcasting performed in Japan is used, but other pay broadcasting configurations are not limited to such pay broadcasting, and can be used by those skilled in the art. If so, the configuration can be easily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

[0195]

Effect of the Invention Condit in Digital VTR
Ional access is possible. Digital VT by automatically selecting only the program software that meets the contract conditions from the program software transmitted from the broadcasting station or the operator.
By recording in R, the program software can be distributed easily and appropriately.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a recording format of related information.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific example of related information of in-plane movie program software.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific example of related information of program software for a mini theater.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the content of a determination for determining whether or not recording is permitted when distributing in-plane movie program software using a satellite.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit block of an apparatus for receiving and recording program software distributed by a satellite.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a recording format of one track of a digital VTR.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structure of a pre-SYNC block and a post-SYNC block.

FIG. 8: AUDIO framing format and 1
It is a figure explaining the structure of a SYNC block.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating blocking of image data for one frame.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a VIDEO framing format to which an error correction code is added.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a VIDEO buffering unit and a 1SYNC block.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a SUBCODE area for one track.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an ID part of a SYNC block in an AUDIO area and a VIDEO area.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an ID part of a SYNC block in a SUBCODE area.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a basic structure of a pack.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating grouping of packs by a large item.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an AAUX area for one frame.

FIG. 18: AAUX SOURCE pack, AAUX
SOURCE CONTROL pack, AAUX RE
It is a figure explaining the structure of a CDATE pack and an AAUX REC TIME pack.

FIG. 19: AAUX REC TIME BINARY
GROUP pack, AAUXCLOSED CAPT
It is a figure explaining the structure of an ION pack.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a MAKER CODE pack.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a VAUX area for one track.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a pack structure of a VAUX area for one frame.

FIG. 23: VAUX SOURCE Pack, VAUX
SOURCE CONTROL pack and CLOSE
It is a figure explaining the structure of a D CAPTION pack.

FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating multiple writing of pack data in a SUBCODE area in a digital VTR of a 525/60 system.

FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating multiple writing of pack data in a SUBCODE area in a digital VTR of a 625/50 system.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a memory map of the MIC.

FIG. 27: CASSETTE ID pack, TAPE
It is a figure explaining the structure of a LENGTH pack and a TITLEEND pack.

FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating definition of a track format by APT.

FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical structure of application IDs.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a format on a track when the application ID is “000”.

[Fig. 31] Conditional in pay broadcasting
It is a figure which shows the structure for access.

FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating a packet structure of a data channel of satellite broadcasting.

[Fig. 33] Fig. 33 is a diagram illustrating the content of related information transmitted on a data channel of satellite broadcasting.

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a configuration for Conditional access in pay broadcasting in which individual information is sent by an IC card.

FIG. 35 is a digital VT according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the structure of the recording circuit of R.

FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating generation of pack data in the recording circuit of the digital VTR.

FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a main area on a recording track.

FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating generation of VAUX pack data in a mode processing microcomputer.

FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating generation of AAUX pack data in a mode processing microcomputer.

FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating generation of pack data in the MIC microcomputer.

FIG. 41 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a reproducing circuit of a digital VTR.

FIG. 42 is a diagram showing the configuration of another portion of the playback circuit of the digital VTR.

[Fig. 43] Fig. 43 is a diagram for describing processing of reproduction pack data in the VAUX IC.

FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining processing of reproduction pack data in the signal processing microcomputer.

FIG. 45 is a diagram illustrating related information recorded in the first example of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating a specific structure of a MAKER CODE pack.

[Fig. 47] Fig. 47 is a diagram for describing the hierarchical structure of packs expanded into soft mode groups.

[Fig. 48] Fig. 48 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of packs of a soft mode group expanded in a hierarchical structure.

FIG. 49 is a Conditi according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure explaining an online access operation.

FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating related information recorded in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 51 shows the Conditi in the second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure explaining an online access operation.

FIG. 52 is a Conditi in the second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure explaining the relation between an onal access operation and the data recorded on the tape.

FIG. 53 is a diagram illustrating related information recorded in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration for recording related information in a digital VTR according to a third example of the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration for executing a conditional access operation in the digital VTR according to the third example of the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a diagram illustrating related information recorded in the fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration for recording related information in a digital VTR according to a fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration for performing a conditional access operation in the digital VTR according to the fourth example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

55, 100 ... Signal processing microcomputer, 67, 82 ... Mode processing microcomputer, 3
01, 304, 309, 311 ... PN sequence generation circuit, 3
02, 306 ... Descramble circuit, 308, 312 ...
Scramble circuit, 310 ... Scramble key generation circuit,

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a scrambled image signal / audio signal on / from a recording medium, comprising: (1) image / audio signal recording for recording the image signal / audio signal on the recording medium. And (2) associated data recording means for recording data associated with the audio signal or the image signal in the associated data recording area of the recording medium,
(3) Reference information recording means for recording reference information used in deciding on / off of the descramble operation for the image signal and the audio signal reproduced from the recording medium in the accompanying data recording area, and (4) for each user Input means for inputting the individual information of the video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus,
(5) On / off of the descrambling operation for the image signal and the audio signal reproduced from the recording medium is determined based on the comparison result of the individual information input by the input means and the reference information recorded in the associated data recording area. And an audio / video signal recording / reproducing apparatus. 2. An image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a scrambled image signal / audio signal on / from a recording medium, wherein (1) image / audio signal recording for recording the image signal / audio signal on the recording medium. And (2) associated data recording means for recording data associated with the audio signal or the image signal in the associated data recording area of the recording medium,
(3) Reference information recording means for recording reference information for determining the descramble operation for the image signal and the audio signal reproduced from the recording medium in the accompanying data recording area, and (4) the image reproduced from the recording medium. A descramble means for performing a descramble operation on a signal and an audio signal based on the reference information, and the reference information includes scramble key information for descrambling. Audio signal recording / reproducing device. 3. The video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reference information includes work key information for decoding the scramble key information from the reference information. 4. An input device for inputting a user identification code to a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus by a user, wherein the reference information includes user identification code information, and the user identification extracted from the reference information. 4. The video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the code and the user identification code input by the input device match, the descrambling operation can be performed by the descrambling means. 5. A video / audio signal recording apparatus for recording, in a recording medium, a program signal composed of an image signal and an audio signal which are scrambled and transmitted, and reference information which is transmitted accompanying the program signal, (1) scrambled image signal and audio signal,
And a receiving device for receiving the reference information, (2) an image / audio signal recording means for recording the scrambled image signal and audio signal extracted from the receiving device on a recording medium, and (3) the receiving device. Reference information recording means for recording the retrieved reference information in the accompanying data recording area of the recording medium, (4) input means for inputting individual information for each contractor to the image / audio signal recording device, and (5) the image Deciding means for deciding on / off of the recording operation of the audio signal recording means, and the reference information includes contract range information that defines a range of contractors who can view the program signal, and the individual information, Including contract information for each contractor, further, the determining means, based on the comparison result of the contract information in the individual information input by the input means and the contract range information in the reference information, An image / audio signal recording apparatus for determining whether the recording operation of the image / audio signal recording means is ON / OFF.