JPH0730194A - Semiconductor laser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain semiconductor laser which achieves improved current-light output characteristics and at the same time is highly reliable and its manufacturing method. CONSTITUTION:A step 14 is provided on a second electrode formation surface for example near a laser light emission end face and a second electrode 2 is separated into electrodes 2a and 2b. Therefore, even if a voltage is applied to the electrode 2a, no current flows to the lower part of the electrode 2b and the area near the laser light emission end face becomes a current non-infection region, thus positively preventing the characteristic deterioration of semiconductor laser due to local heat build-up without changing the structure near the active layer influencing the characteristics of a semiconductor laser and a current constriction structure. Also, since an active layer 7 is in the active layer in a quantum well structure, almost no light is absorbed at the current non-infection region, thus achieving improved linear current-light output characteristics even at a low power region.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a semiconductor laser. More specifically, the present invention relates to a long-lived semiconductor laser capable of preventing deterioration and damage of the laser emission end face portion by mainly making the vicinity of the end face of the resonator waveguide a current non-injection region.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, semiconductor lasers are widely used as a light source for optical information equipment. Among them, semiconductor lasers used for write-once type or rewritable type optical disks are desired to have high output and high reliability.

By the way, as one of the factors that lower the reliability of the semiconductor laser, there is a problem of deterioration or damage of the laser light emitting end face. In order to solve such a problem, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-239679 discloses a method of forming a current non-injection region on an end face to suppress heat generation by Joule heat on the end face.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional semiconductor laser in which a current non-injection region is formed on the laser light emitting end face. This semiconductor laser is a self-aligned structure type semiconductor laser having a current non-injection region near the end face of the resonator waveguide. Note that FIG.
6A is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 6B is III- of FIG. 6A.
A sectional view taken along line III and FIG. 6C are sectional views taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6A, this semiconductor laser 21 includes a lower cladding layer 6 made of, for example, n-Al _x Ga _1-x As and an Al layer on a semiconductor substrate 5 made of, for example, n-GaAs. active layer 7 made of _y Ga _1-y As, p
The first upper cladding layer 8 consisting -Al _x Ga _1-x As,
Current blocking layer 9 made of n-GaAs, n-Al _0.15
An evaporation preventing layer 10 made of Ga _0.85 As is sequentially laminated, and then a stripe groove 13 reaching the first upper cladding layer 8 is formed from the upper surface thereof by etching, and then each of the following layers, that is, p-Al _x Ga _{1 -x} As 2nd
Upper clad layer 11, contact layer made of p-GaAs
12 are sequentially formed, and finally, both upper and lower surfaces, that is, the upper surface of the contact layer 12 and the semiconductor substrate 5.
A second electrode 2 and a first electrode 3 are formed on the lower surface of
It is made into chips.

The stripe groove 13 is formed in the central portion of the chip, and its periphery is surrounded by the current blocking layer 9 and the evaporation preventing layer 10, as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c). With this structure, as shown in FIG. 6B, no current flows because the current blocking layer 9 and the evaporation prevention layer 10 remain in the laser light emitting end face portion, and the laser light emitting end face is in the current non-injection region. Therefore, heat generation due to Joule heat is suppressed, and deterioration or damage of the laser light emitting end face is less likely to occur.

[0007]

However, in the conventional semiconductor laser described above, since the current blocking layer formed at the laser beam emitting end face portion is formed of the direct transition type material made of GaAs, light absorption is caused in this portion. However, there is a problem in that good current-light output characteristics cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, in order to solve these problems, the present inventors separated the second electrode by providing a step on the surface on which the second electrode is formed, and the separated electrode is electrically opened to the lower side thereof. A semiconductor laser has been previously proposed in which the semiconductor layer is formed as a current non-injection region in which no current flows so that the laser light emitting end face of the semiconductor laser is set as a current non-injection region to prevent the end face from deteriorating due to heat generation. No. 5-2738). However, in the case of this structure, when the active layer is a bulk active layer, the population inversion is not formed in the current non-injection region, so that light absorption occurs and the current-light output characteristics are good in the low power region. It was found that the linearity cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has a good current even in a low power region.
An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable semiconductor laser capable of obtaining light output characteristics and preventing deterioration or damage of the laser light emitting end face.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies made by the present inventors, a step is formed on the surface on which the second electrode is formed to separate the second electrode, so that the laser light emitting end face portion becomes a current non-injection region. In addition, since the active layer has a quantum well structure, light absorption in the current non-injection region can be reduced, good current-light output characteristics can be obtained even in the low power region, and heat generation at the end face can be achieved. Therefore, the present invention has been completed by finding out that the life can be extended by suppressing the above.

The semiconductor laser of the present invention comprises (a) a first electrode provided on a first electrode formation surface, (b) a second electrode provided on a second electrode formation surface, and (c) a first electrode. And a plurality of semiconductor layers provided between the second electrode and the second semiconductor layer. The plurality of semiconductor layers are provided at least between (a) the quantum well active layer and (b) the first electrode and the active layer. A lower clad layer which is provided and has a refractive index smaller than that of the active layer and has a wide band gap, and which is made of a semiconductor of the first conductivity type;
(C) An upper clad layer which is provided between the second electrode and the active layer and has a refractive index smaller than that of the active layer and has a wide band gap, and which is made of a second conductivity type semiconductor, and (d)
Formed between the upper cladding layer and the second electrode,
A semiconductor laser having a contact layer made of a semiconductor having a refractive index higher than that of the active layer and having a narrow band gap, wherein a step is provided on a part of a second electrode formation surface of the semiconductor layer, The second electrode is separated by the step.

Further, it is preferable that the step is formed on the laser emission end face portion in order to prevent deterioration or damage of the laser output end face portion.

[0013]

According to the semiconductor laser of the present invention, since the step is formed on the surface where the second electrode is formed, the second electrode is reliably separated by the step when the second electrode is formed. . Therefore, a current non-injection region is formed below a part of the separated second electrode. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the characteristic deterioration of the semiconductor laser light due to local heat generation without changing the structure in the vicinity of the active layer and the current narrowing structure that influence the characteristics of the semiconductor laser. Moreover, in the present invention, since the active layer having the quantum well structure is used as the active layer, the light absorption loss in the current non-injection region is overwhelmingly smaller than that in the bulk active layer, and the linearity is good even in the low power region. Current-light output characteristics can be obtained.

Further, by forming the step on the laser light emitting end face portion, the laser light emitting end face portion can be used as a current non-injection region, and deterioration of the laser light emitting end face portion, which is particularly prone to heat generation, can be surely prevented. can do.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The semiconductor laser of the present invention and its manufacturing method will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the semiconductor laser of the present invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line I--I of FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 1 (c) is a quantum well. It is a figure which shows the change of Al composition of an active layer. 2 to 3 are views showing the steps of one embodiment of the method for producing a semiconductor laser of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a line I-I of FIG. FIG.

In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 1 denotes a semiconductor laser, which comprises a first electrode 3, a second electrode 2, and a plurality of semiconductor layers provided between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 2. It is configured.

The semiconductor layer is of the first conductivity type, such as GaA.
a semiconductor substrate 5 made of s and a first substrate formed on the upper surface thereof.
Conductive type such as Al _x Ga _1-x As (0.35 ≦ x ≦ 0.7
), A non-doped or first-conductivity-type or second-conductivity-type quantum well active layer 7 formed on the upper surface thereof, and a second-conductivity type, for example, Al _x Ga ₁ formed on the upper surface thereof. _a first upper clad layer 8 made of _-x As and a first conductivity type of, for example, G formed on the upper surface thereof.
The current blocking layer 9 made of aAs and, for example, a first conductivity type Al _p Ga _1-p As (0.1 ≦
p ≦ 0.7), the second upper clad layer 11 made of Al _x Ga _{1 -x} As of the second conductivity type formed on the upper surface thereof, and the second conductive layer formed on the upper surface thereof. And a contact layer 12 of GaAs, for example. The electrodes 2 and 3 are contact layers.
12 and the semiconductor substrate 5, respectively, are provided on the electrode formation surface. If a step is provided on the second electrode formation surface described later and the lower side of the step is the second upper cladding layer, the exposed second upper clad layer portion forms a part of the electrode formation surface.

A stripe groove 13 having a width W ₁ of about ₂ to 6 μm is provided at the center of the current blocking layer 9 and the evaporation preventing layer 10.
A waveguide is formed along this portion.

The quantum well active layer 7 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the composition of Al in (c), Al _y Ga _1-y As
(0 ≦ y ≦ 0.15) layer and Al _z Ga _1-z As (0.15 ≦ z ≦
0.35) layers are alternately laminated by 50 to 150Å and 30 to 50Å, respectively, and an active layer having a quantum well structure in which 2 to 5 layers are laminated in total is adopted. The quantum well active layer has less light absorption loss than the bulk active layer, almost no light absorption occurs in the current non-injection region, and good current-light output characteristics are obtained. The effect of forming a region is remarkable.

A step 14 is provided on the contact layer 12, which is the electrode forming surface of the second electrode 2, and the second electrode 2 is separated into electrodes 2a and 2b by this step.

Thus, the semiconductor laser 1 according to the present invention
In the above, since the second electrode 2 is completely separated, for example, into the central electrode 2a and the end electrode 2b, if the voltage is applied only to the central electrode 2a, the lower end of the electrode 2b can be obtained. No current flows through the section. That is, the vicinity of the laser beam emitting end face portion becomes a current non-injection region, so that deterioration or damage of the laser beam emitting end face portion due to heat generation can be prevented. Note that the length L ₁ of the stepped portion provided at this end is the length L of the resonator being 3
When it is 00 to 600 μm, about 10 to 30 μm is preferable. The reason is as follows. Considering the point of preventing heat generation, the larger L ₁ is, the better. However, if L ₁ becomes large,
The current density is high and the life is short. Therefore, L ₁ is preferably about 10 to 30 μm in consideration of the long life.

The first and second conductivity types are p-type or n-type of the semiconductor conductivity type. If the first conductivity type is p-type, the second conductivity type is n-type, and the first conductivity type is n-type. When the conductivity type is n-type, the second conductivity type is p-type.

If the step provided on the second electrode forming surface is deeper than the thickness of the contact layer, the electrode forming surface of the end-side second electrode 2b formed on the bottom surface of the step 14 has the first step. 2 becomes the upper clad layer 11 and does not make ohmic contact. Therefore, since the charge depletion layer is formed below the end-side second electrode 2b, the vicinity of the laser light emitting end face can be more reliably set as the current non-injection region.

Next, an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the semiconductor laser of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the S which is particularly excellent in controllability and mass productivity.
This will be described using a method of manufacturing an AM (self-aligned-structure-by-MBE) structure type semiconductor laser.

Firstly placed semiconductor substrate 5 made of a first conductivity type, for example, GaAs in MBE apparatus, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), on the semiconductor substrate 5, the forward soon first conductivity type, for example Al _x Ga _{1 -x} As (0.35 ≤ x ≤ 0.70) is formed on the lower clad layer 6 to a thickness of 10000 to 20000 Å without doping or of the first conductivity type or the second conductivity type such as Al _y.
Ga _1-y As (0 ≦ y ≦ 0.15) and Al _z Ga _1-z A
The quantum well active layer 7 having a laminated structure of s (0.15 ≦ z ≦ 0.35) has a thickness of 50 to 150Å and 30 to 50Å, respectively.
Five layers are formed and a second conductivity type such as Al _x Ga _1-x As is formed.
The first upper clad layer 8 made of a material having a thickness of 2000 to 4000 Å, the current blocking layer 9 made of GaAs of the first conductivity type having a thickness of 4000 to 8000 Å, and the first conductivity type having a thickness of, for example, Al _p Ga _1-. evaporation preventing layer 10 made of _{p As (0.1 ≦ p ≦ 0.7} ) to a thickness of 600 to 800 Å, the first growth by sequentially laminating a surface protective layer 15 of non-doped, for example GaAs with a thickness of 300 to 500 Å Form layer 16. The evaporation prevention layer 10 prevents evaporation of the current blocking layer 9 when the surface protection layer 15 is evaporated in the MBE device, and is not always necessary if the evaporation of the surface protection layer is accurately controlled.

The conventionally known method can be applied to the epitaxial growth method using the MBE apparatus. For example, the raw materials such as Ga stored in the evaporation sources are evaporated in the form of molecular beams, and the respective raw materials are evaporated. Is monitored by a mass spectrometer (not shown), and the temperature of the evaporation source and the shutter are controlled by a computer (not shown), whereby a compound semiconductor of a desired ratio can be epitaxially grown.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the surface protection layer 15 other than the portion where the stripe groove 13 is to be formed is covered with a photoresist film 17. Using the photoresist film 17 as a mask, the surface protection layer 15, the evaporation prevention layer 10 and the current blocking layer 9 are selectively etched so that the current blocking layer 9 remains appropriately (for example, about 1000 Å) to form the stripe groove 13. To do.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the semiconductor substrate 5 is put into the MBE apparatus again, and the temperature is raised to about 740 to 760 ° C., and the surface protection layer 15 and the current block left in the etching process are left. By applying an arsenic molecular beam to the upper surface of the GaAs layer of the layer 9, the current blocking layer 9 and the surface protective layer 15 at the bottom of the stripe groove 13 are evaporated. In this case,
As the temperature rises, the evaporation rate of GaAs increases, but that of AlGaAs hardly changes.
1st upper clad layer 8 made of lGaAs and evaporation prevention layer
Only the GaAs layer can be selectively evaporated without evaporating 10. That is, without affecting the first upper cladding layer 8, the peripheral portion of the stripe groove of the current block layer 9 is left, and only the unnecessary portion of the current block layer 9 remaining in the stripe groove 13 is entirely removed. Can be removed. At the same time, the surface protection layer 15 can be evaporated while the impurities and the like attached in the etching step are evaporated. Also, the surface of the first upper clad layer 8 at the bottom of the stripe groove 13 is exposed by this step, but since it is performed in the MBE device, impurities and the like do not adhere.

Next, the temperature of the semiconductor substrate 5 is set to 580 to 600.
As shown in FIG. 2D, the second upper clad layer 11 made of, for example, Al _x Ga _{1 -x} As of the second conductivity type is formed on the upper surface of the evaporation prevention layer 10, the stripe groove 13, etc.
To a thickness of 6000 to 18000Å, and a second conductivity type such as Ga
The contact layer 12 made of As is sequentially laminated to a thickness of 10000 to 30000Å.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3E, a portion of the contact layer 12 other than both ends is covered with a photoresist film 18.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3F, the contact layer 12 made of GaAs is etched at both end portions of the contact layer 12 so that the length L ₁ is about ₁₀ to 30 μm, but Al _x Ga _{1 is formed.} The second upper clad layer 11 made of _-x As (0.35 ≦ x ≦ 0.70) is not etched, for example, NH ₄ OH, H ₂ O ₂ and H ₂ O are added at 10: 100, respectively.
The step 14 is formed by selective etching using a selective etching liquid such as a mixed liquid mixed at a ratio of: 1000 or a mixed liquid of KOH, H ₂ O ₂ and H ₂ O.
It should be noted that H ₂ SO ₄ ,
By using an etching solution such as a mixed solution of H ₂ O ₂ and H ₂ O, the second upper clad layer 11 is etched, and as described above, the electrode at the end does not become an ohmic contact and the current non-injection region. become.

The method of forming the step is not limited to the selective etching method by masking, and, for example, before forming the contact layer 12 of the second conductivity type GaAs, silicon oxide is formed at the place where the lower step of the step is to be formed. It is also possible to adopt a method in which the contact layer 12 is not formed on the surface of silicon oxide by epitaxially growing the contact layer 12 after that, and then the silicon oxide is removed.

As described above, the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 5 on which the semiconductor layer is formed is lapped, and the electrodes 2 and 3 are formed on the upper surface of the contact layer 12 and the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 5, respectively, to form a chip. Is 3 to 4 μm and the length L is
A semiconductor laser chip of 10 to 30 μm is completed (Fig. 1
reference). At that time, the second electrode 2 has the step 14 to form the electrode 2a,
It is separated into 2b.

In the above description, the AlGaAs type laser is explained, but other material type lasers such as InGaA are used.
The present invention can be similarly applied to an IP laser and an InGaAsP laser. Further, the formation of the step portion has been described as an example of forming the step portion on the laser light emitting end surface, but it is preferable to form the step portion on the emitting end surface because deterioration or damage of the emitting end surface where Joule heat is likely to occur can be prevented. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is effective when it is provided at any position as long as it is a part where local heat generation is a problem.

Further, the present invention can be applied to not only the SAM structure type laser but also the semiconductor lasers having other structures.

Next, the semiconductor laser of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1 An n-Al _0.60 G film was formed on an n-GaAs substrate 5 by an MBE apparatus.
The lower clad layer 6 made of a _0.40 As has a thickness of about 20000 Å and an undoped Al _0.10 Ga _0.90 As of about 95 Å.
Between the four layers and this layer Al _0.30 Ga _0.70 with a thickness of about 40Å
The laminated quantum well active layer 7 in which three As layers are stacked is approximately 5
First layer of p-Al _0.60 Ga _0.40 As with a thickness of 00Å
The upper clad layer 8 has a thickness of about 3000Å, the current blocking layer 9 made of n-GaAs has a thickness of about 5000Å, and the n-Al layer has a thickness of about 5000Å.
_The evaporation prevention layer 10 made of _0.15 Ga _0.85 As has a thickness of about 700 Å, and the surface protection layer 15 made of undoped GaAs is about
Layers were sequentially laminated to a thickness of 400 Å by a well-known MBE device.

Next, a semiconductor substrate 5 on which a semiconductor layer is formed
Is removed from the MBE apparatus, the surface of the surface protective layer 15 is covered with a photoresist film 17, the stripe groove portion is patterned and opened, and a width of about 4 μm is formed with a mixed solution of H ₂ SO ₄ , H ₂ O ₂ and H ₂ O. The stripe groove 13 was formed. In this case, the etching was stopped by leaving about 1000 Å of the current blocking layer in the stripe groove portion. The reason for this is that if the current blocking layer is completely removed by etching, the first upper clad layer is overetched and the exposed surface of the first upper clad layer is contaminated by oxidization, leaving the GaAs layer as a protective layer. This is because it can be selectively evaporated in the MBE device.

Then, the semiconductor substrate 5 was put into the MBE apparatus again and heat-treated at about 740 ° C. for about 20 minutes. As a result, the GaAs of the current block layer 9 left in the stripe groove 13 was left.
The layer evaporated and the first upper cladding layer 8 was exposed. At this time, the surface protective layer 15 and impurities and the like attached in the etching step were also evaporated and removed. Also exposed first
The surfaces of the upper cladding layer 8 and the current blocking layer 9 were not oxidized or contaminated because the exposing step was performed in the MBE apparatus.

Next, the temperature of the semiconductor substrate 5 is set to 600 ° C., the second upper cladding layer 11 made of p-Al _0.60 Ga _0.40 As is made to have a thickness of about 17,000 Å, and the contact layer 12 made of p-GaAs is made to be about 17,000 Å. The layers were sequentially laminated with an MBE device to a thickness of 15000Å.

Next, the semiconductor substrate 5 having the semiconductor layer formed thereon is taken out from the MBE apparatus again, and the contact layer 12 is removed.
Is covered with a photoresist film 18, both end portions are patterned and opened, and an unmasked portion is etched by etching with an etching solution containing H ₂ SO ₄ , H ₂ O ₂ and H ₂ O. A step 14 having a L ₁ of about 20 μm and a depth D of about 1.5 μm was formed. At this time, the second
The upper cladding layer 11 was also etched to such an extent that it was slightly etched (see FIG. 3 (f)).

Then, lapping was performed to form the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 2, and a semiconductor laser chip having a width W of about 250 μm and a length L of about 350 μm was completed by dicing and cleavage. At this time, the second electrode 2 was completely separated by the step 14 into the electrodes 2a and 2b.

The current-light output characteristics and COD (catastrophic optical) of the semiconductor laser thus formed
damage) level with a bulk active layer to provide a step on the end face,
FIG. 4 shows a comparison with a semiconductor laser in which a current non-injection region is formed (the step portion and the chip size are the same as those in this embodiment). In FIG. 4, A is the characteristic of the semiconductor laser according to the present embodiment,
B is the characteristic of the semiconductor laser with the bulk active layer. As is apparent from FIG. 4, according to the semiconductor laser of the present invention, the current-light output characteristic has good linearity even in the low power region, and the threshold current (light starts to output). It can be seen that the current value) and the COD level are far superior to those of the semiconductor laser (B) of the bulk active layer.

Example 2 The manufacturing method is the same as in Example 1, except that the length L ₁ of the step portion is 0, 20,
Three kinds of 40 μm semiconductor lasers were manufactured, and the dependence of the threshold current on the length L ₁ of the current non-injection region was examined under the temperature condition of 29 ° C. For comparison, the dimensions are the same and the active layer is D
A semiconductor laser of a bulk active layer which is an H active layer is manufactured,
The low loss property with respect to the laser light of the present invention was investigated, and the results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 5, in the semiconductor laser (B) of the bulk active layer which is the DH active layer, L ₁ is 40 μm.
At this time, the threshold current is increased by 27%, whereas in the case of the present embodiment (A), the threshold current is hardly increased even if the stepped portion L ₁ is long, and the light absorption loss is extremely high. It shows that it is small.

Further, when the current non-injection region of L ₁ = 20 μm is formed, the semiconductor laser according to the present embodiment and the semiconductor laser of the bulk active layer are energized by APC (Auto Power Control) drive under the conditions of 60 ° C. and 35 mW. As a result of a test, the one according to the present example has a life of about three times longer than that of the semiconductor laser having the bulk active layer.

[0047]

According to the semiconductor laser of the present invention, a step is locally provided on one electrode forming surface, and the end face side of the electrode is reliably separated by this step, so that the laser light emitting end face portion is formed. It is possible to make a current non-injection region in the vicinity and the like and prevent local heat generation. Moreover, since the active layer has a quantum well structure, light absorption in the current non-injection region is small. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the characteristic deterioration due to local heat generation without changing the structure in the vicinity of the active layer and the current narrowing structure that influence the characteristics of the semiconductor laser, and to improve the linearity of the current-light output characteristics. A highly reliable semiconductor laser can be obtained.

Further, by forming the stepped portion on the laser light emitting end face portion, deterioration of the laser light emitting end face portion due to heat generation can be prevented, good current-light output characteristics can be obtained, and the life is long. Become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a semiconductor laser of the present invention,
(A) is a perspective view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line I-I of (a), and (c) is a view showing a change in Al composition of the quantum well active layer.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first half process of one embodiment of the method for manufacturing the semiconductor laser of FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1 (a).

FIG. 3 is a view showing a latter half of the steps of one embodiment of the method for manufacturing the semiconductor laser of FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG. 1 (a).

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing current-light output characteristics and COD levels.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the threshold current and the length of the end face current non-injection region.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a conventional semiconductor laser, (a)
Is a perspective view, (b) and (c) are III-II of (a), respectively.
It is sectional drawing of the I line and the IV-IV line.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Second electrode 2b Edge side second electrode 3 First electrode 5 Semiconductor substrate 6 Lower clad layer 7 Active layer 8 First upper clad layer 9 Current blocking layer 10 Evaporation prevention layer 11 Second upper clad layer 12 Contact layer 14 Step

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first electrode provided on a surface on which a first electrode is formed.
The plurality of semiconductor layers, each of which includes an electrode, (b) a second electrode provided on the second electrode formation surface, and (c) a plurality of semiconductor layers provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. Is provided between at least (a) the quantum well active layer and (b) the first electrode and the active layer, has a refractive index smaller than that of the active layer, and has a wide band gap. A second conductive type semiconductor which is provided between the lower clad layer made of the semiconductor, (c) the second electrode and the active layer, has a refractive index smaller than that of the active layer, and has a wide band gap. An upper clad layer, and (d) the upper clad layer and the second
What is claimed is: 1. A semiconductor laser comprising: a contact layer formed between an electrode and having a refractive index larger than that of the active layer and a narrow band gap, the contact layer being formed of a semiconductor. A semiconductor laser in which a step is provided in a part and the second electrode is separated by the step. 2. The semiconductor laser according to claim 1, wherein the step is formed on a laser light emitting end face portion.