JPH07301349A - Spool valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To constitute a total length short in a spool valve for switching use, which can be utilized in a four-way valve or the like. CONSTITUTION:A center shaft 25 and a casing 24, arranged in the periphery of this center shaft 25 so as to prevent a relative position from being changed in the lengthwise direction relating to this center shaft 25, are provided. A cylindrical spool 28 is slidably externally fitted to the center shaft 25, simultaneously with slidably internally fitting this spool 28 to the casing 24. Operating fluid supply chambers 59, 60, receiving supply of an operating fluid 95 for operating the spool 28, are formed between the center shaft 25 and the spool 28.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spool valve that can be used as a four-way valve or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When centrifugally casting a cast iron pipe, a reciprocating type casting carriage 1 as shown in FIG. 13 is often used. While the casting trolley 1 is moving, the molten iron is supplied from the pouring trough to the horizontal rotating mold in the trolley 1, the cast iron pipe 2 is centrifugally cast, and the end of the pipe 2 in the trolley 1 is The tube 2 is pulled out from the mold inside the carriage 1 by running the carriage 1 after the opening is clamped by the clamp device.

To move the casting carriage 1 back and forth, a double-acting cylinder device 3 as shown is used. A four-way valve 6 for controlling the cylinder device 3 is provided between the cylinder device 3 and the pressure source 4 and the tank 5. By switching the four-way valve 6, the carriage 1 can be reciprocated via the cylinder device 3.

14 and 15 show a conventional example of a four-way valve 6 and a switching device 7 for switching the four-way valve 6. This conventional four-way valve 6 has four ports 8 and is configured to be switchable between the respective ports 8 by an operating shaft 10 which is movable in the lengthwise direction inside a casing 9 in the horizontal direction. There is.

The operating shaft 10 is configured to be operated by the cylinder device 11 by being connected to a cylinder device 11 arranged on an extension line of the operating shaft 10 in the axial direction via a connecting rod 12. Has been done. In addition, the cylinder device 11
Are configured to be actuated by pilot valve 13.

Reference numeral 15 is a swivel-type actuating lever, which is set to a neutral position in the center and can be swung back and forth by a manual operation, and the pilot valve 13 is operated by this swivel motion to operate the cylinder device. The four-way valve 6 can be switched and operated via 11. On the other hand, 16 is a rotary actuator, which is connected to the pilot valve 13 via a clutch 17. These rotary actuators
The 16 and the clutch 17 are arranged along a line perpendicular to the line connecting the four-way valve 6 and the cylinder device 11 in order to transmit the operating force of the rotary actuator 16 to the pilot valve 13.

Therefore, if the operating lever 15 is operated, the four-way valve 6 can be switched by a manual operation, and if the rotary actuator 16 is operated, the four-way valve 6 can be switched by an automatic operation.

[0008]

However, in such a conventional structure, since the four-way valve 6, the connecting rod 12 and the cylinder device 11 for driving the valve are arranged in a straight line, the whole structure is improved. There is a problem that it becomes a long one, and there is also a problem that the number of parts is extremely large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve such a problem and to make it possible to shorten the total length of a spool valve for switching of this kind and to reduce the number of parts.

[0010]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is arranged so that the center axis and the position in the lengthwise direction relative to the center axis do not change around the center axis. A spool, which is formed between the central shaft and the spool, and a cylindrical spool slidably fitted to the central shaft and slidably fitted to the casing. And a working fluid supply chamber for receiving a working fluid for operating.

[0011]

According to this structure, the working fluid is supplied to the working fluid supply chamber, whereby the spool is slid with respect to the casing and the central shaft, whereby a predetermined valve operation is performed. For this reason, the spool has a built-in working fluid supply chamber for performing its operation, and since the casing and the spool are arranged concentrically around the central axis, a valve equipped with a drive device is provided. It is possible to reduce the total number of parts by significantly shortening the total length.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, a bed 22 is provided on a floor surface 21, and a casing 24 is fixed at a predetermined position on an upper surface 23 of the bed 22. casing
A central axis 25 is passed through the inside of 24. This central axis 25
Penetrates through the central portion of the casing 24 in the length direction, and both end portions 26 thereof project to the outside of the casing 24, and these both end portions 26 are respectively supported by brackets 27 at predetermined positions on the upper surface of the bed 22. Has been done. Therefore, the casing 24 and the central shaft 25 are fixed to the upper surface 23 of the bed 22 concentrically so that their relative positions in the longitudinal direction do not change.

The center shaft 25 has a cylindrical spool which is shorter than the center shaft 25 and longer than the casing 24.
28 is concentrically fitted to the outside so as to be slidable in the length direction.
At the same time, the spool 28 is concentrically fitted in the casing 24 slidably in the longitudinal direction. Therefore,
The casing 24, the spool 28, and the central shaft 25 are arranged concentrically with each other, and only the spool 28 is slidable in the longitudinal direction.

Inside the body block 30 of the casing 24, a cylindrical inner casing 31 is inserted and fixed. And between the main body block 30 and the inner casing 31, it divides into 5 chambers along a length direction, and each comprises annular 1st-5th division chambers 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. There is. First to fifth communication passages 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 communicating with each of the compartments 32 to 36 are formed in the bottom portion of the body block 30 in a penetrating state.

As shown in detail in FIG. 4, a fifth compartment 36
In addition, in the bottom of the inner casing 31, an opening 44 for communicating the inside of the inner casing 31 with the compartment 36 is formed.
Are formed in a penetrating state so as to face the communication passage 41. The first compartment 32 has the same structure and has an opening 43.
Are formed.

FIG. 7 shows the second compartment 33 to the fourth compartment.
The development view of the inner casing 31 in the range up to 35 is shown. As shown in detail in FIGS. 7 and 6, in the third compartment 34, the inside of the inner casing 31 and this compartment
A pair of penetrating openings 45 communicating with 34 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, as shown in detail in FIGS. 7 and 5, in the fourth compartment 35, the inner casing 31
A flow control opening 47 for communicating the inside of the compartment with this compartment 35
Are formed in a penetrating state. The second compartment 33 has a similar structure and has an opening 46 formed therein.

The openings 43, 44 and the opening 45 are formed in a relatively simple shape such as a rectangular shape. On the other hand, the flow rate adjusting openings 46 and 47 are formed in a slender convex shape when viewed in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. 7, and are formed at three locations at intervals in the circumferential direction.

Cylindrical slide guides 48 for the spool 28 are provided at both ends of the casing 24, and the inner diameter of the slide guides 48 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner casing 31. It is configured.

The spool 28 has a cylindrical main body portion 50 and disk-shaped block portions 51 provided at both ends of the main body portion 50 and having a larger diameter than the main body portion 50. The main body 50 is formed longer than the casing 24, and both ends of the main body 50 are slidably fitted in the sliding guides 48 in a sealed state. That is, the two ends of the main body 50 are respectively the casing 24
The block portion 51 is connected to the main body portion 50 at its protruding end, that is, outside the casing 24.

Inside the casing 24, a pair of pistons 52 are provided on the outer periphery of the main body 50 at a distance in the lengthwise direction. These pistons 52 are
It is possible to slide in a sealed state along the inner surface of the
In the neutral state shown in FIG. 1, the flow rate adjusting opening 46,
These openings 46, 47 allow the inner surface of 47 to be completely occluded.
Is formed wider than the maximum width. Also spool 28
The main body portion 50 is formed to have a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner casing 31 in accordance with the inner diameter of the sliding guide portion 48. Therefore, the space between the inner casing 31 and the main body 50 of the spool 28 is divided into three chambers along the lengthwise direction by the piston 52, and these three chambers form the annular first to third communication chambers 53,
54 and 55 are formed. The first communication chamber 53 always communicates with the first compartment 32 by the opening 43 regardless of the position of the spool 28, and similarly, the third communication chamber 55 has the position of the spool 28 by the opening 44. It always communicates with the fifth compartment 36 regardless.

The central shaft 25 has a large-diameter portion 57 at the center and small-diameter portions 58 at both ends, and the tip end portions 26 of the small-diameter portion 58 are supported by the bracket 27 as described above. The large-diameter portion 57 is formed to have a length substantially equal to that of the casing 24, that is, shorter than the main body 50 of the spool 28.
Has been inlaid in. That is, the main body 50 is
It is slidable in a sealed state along the outer peripheral surface of 57.

The small diameter portion 58 penetrates the inside of the block portion 51 in a sealed state, and the block portion 51 is slidable along the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 58. Since the large diameter portion 57 is shorter than the main body portion 50 of the spool 28 as described above, between the main body portion 50 and the small diameter portion 58, each block portion 51 on the inner peripheral side of the inner surface of the main body portion 50 is. The working fluid supply chambers 59 and 60 defined by the portion and both end surfaces of the large diameter portion 57 are respectively formed. The working fluid supply chamber 59 in the length direction,
In order to secure the required dimension of 60, the working fluid supply chambers 59, 60 are also partially formed by the inner peripheral portion of the block portion 51. Inside the small diameter portion 58, a fluid passage 61 for communicating the end surface of each small diameter portion 58 and each working fluid supply chamber 59, 60 with each other,
62 are formed.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 9-11, the bed 22
A working fluid supply passage 64 communicating with the third communication passage 39 is provided in the. In addition, the bed 22 is provided with a first fluid supply passage 65 communicating with the second communication passage 33 and a second fluid supply passage 66 communicating with the fourth communication passage 40. The working fluid supply passage 64 and the first and second fluid supply passages 65 and 66 are both connected to the connection flange 67 on both sides in the width direction of the bed 22.
It has 68 and 69. Further, the bed 22 has a fluid discharge passage 70 communicating with both the first communication passage 37 and the fifth communication passage 41.
Is provided. The fluid discharge passage 70 has connection flanges 71 at both ends in the length direction of the bed 22.

The working fluid supply passage 64 is connected to a pressure source such as a hydraulic pump via a connecting flange 67. First
And the second fluid feed passages 65, 66 have connection flanges 68, 69.
Via a cylinder, the chamber is connected to each chamber of a double-acting cylinder device for running the casting carriage. The fluid discharge passage 70 is connected to a fluid storage tank such as a water tank via a connection flange 71. At this time, the connection flange
Since 67, 68, 69 and 71 are provided on both sides in the width direction and both ends in the length direction of the bed 22, respectively, it is possible to use the most convenient one for piping.

The neutralizer 73 is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 10-12. As shown in the figure, one end 75 of an L-shaped arm 74 is attached to each block 51 of the spool 28 in plan view. The other end of these arms 74
76 is guided to the side of the casing 24, and a rod 77 parallel to the spool 28 is provided between the other ends 76. The rod 77 is arranged at a position lower than the main body of the arm 74. Bracket on bed 22
78 is provided, and this bracket 78 is a bush 79
The rod 77 is slidably supported via. Therefore, when the spool 28 slides in the casing 24, the rod 77 simultaneously slides in the bush 79.

A pair of cylinder devices 80 capable of sandwiching both ends of the rod 77 are provided on the extension line of the rod 77. The base end 81 of each cylinder device 80 is a bed 22.
It is supported by the upper bracket 82, and a block 84 is attached to its expandable end portion 83. Each block
A bracket 85 is attached to 84, and a V-groove-shaped wheel 86 supported by these brackets 85 is a chevron rail 87.
By being able to roll up, the movement of the block 84 due to the expansion and contraction of the cylinder device 80 can be guided.

At both ends of the rod 77, an arm is attached to this rod.
Heads 90 that utilize the heads of bolts 89 for attaching the other end portion 76 of the 74 are respectively provided, and the cylinder device is provided.
The block 84 of the telescopic end portion 83 of 80 comes into contact with the head 90 as the cylinder device 80 expands, and can press the head 90 in the longitudinal direction of the rod 77.

As shown in detail in FIG. 9, a bracket 91 is provided on the bed 22, and the bracket 91 has a position detecting device 92 for detecting the position of the spool 28.
Is provided. This position detecting device 92 uses a laser type distance sensor, and its position can be detected by irradiating one block portion 51 of the spool 28 with a laser beam 93 for detection.

According to this structure, the casing 24 is fixed to the bed 22, and the central shaft 25 is also a bracket.
Since it is fixed to the bed via 27, only the spool 28 is slidable relative to the casing 24 and the central shaft 25. Then, by utilizing the fluid passages 61 and 62 formed in the small diameter portion 58 of the central shaft 25, the working fluid supply chamber 59,
The spool 28 can be moved by supplying the working fluid to one of the 60 and discharging the working fluid from the other.

Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the working oil 95 is supplied to the working fluid supply chamber 59 and the supply chamber 60 is supplied.
By discharging the hydraulic oil 95 from the supply chamber 59, the hydraulic oil 95 acts on the end surface of the block portion 51 on the inner peripheral side of the inner surface of the main body portion 50 of the spool 28 in the supply chamber 59, whereby the supply chamber 59. Is enlarged, and the spool 28 moves in the enlargement direction A. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 3, the working fluid supply chamber 60
When the hydraulic oil 95 is supplied to and the hydraulic oil 95 is discharged from the supply chamber 59, the spool 28 moves in the direction B opposite to that in FIG.

In the neutral state shown in FIG. 1, the flow rate adjusting opening is provided.
46 and 47 are closed by a piston 52 of a spool 28. Therefore, the working fluid that has entered the second communication chamber 54 from the working fluid supply 64 of the bed 22 through the third communication passage 39 and the opening 45 is maintained as it is without flowing anywhere. Further, one chamber and the other chamber in the double-acting cylinder device for running the casting carriage are the first and second fluid supply passages 65 in the bed 22,
The fluid supply passages 65, 66 communicate with 66, respectively, and communicate with the second and fourth compartments 33, 35 via the second and fourth communication passages 38, 40. However, these compartments 33, 35
Since the flow rate adjusting openings 46 and 47 of the above are closed by the piston 52, the respective working fluid does not flow anywhere.
Therefore, in this neutral state, the double-acting cylinder device is also maintained as it is, and the casting carriage remains stopped without traveling.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the spool 28 moves, the piston 52 also moves accordingly, and the second communication chamber 54 communicates with the second compartment via the flow rate adjusting opening 46. Therefore, as described above, the working fluid that has reached the second communication chamber 54 reaches the second communication passage 38 via the flow rate adjusting opening 46 and the second compartment 33, and the first working fluid of the bed 22 is discharged. It is supplied to one chamber of the double-acting cylinder device for running the casting carriage through the fluid supply passage 65.

At the same time, the flow rate adjusting opening 47 connects the fourth compartment 35 and the third communication chamber 55. Then, the working fluid existing inside the other chamber of the double-acting cylinder device passes from the second fluid supply passage 66 of the bed 22 to the fourth communication passage 40 to the fourth compartment. 35, and passes through the flow rate adjusting opening 47, the third communication chamber 55, and the fifth compartment 36, and is discharged to the fluid discharge passage 70 via the fifth communication passage 41. At this time, the first communication chamber 53, that is, the first compartment 32 is also communicated with the fluid discharge passage 70 through the first communication passage 37, but no flow of the working fluid occurs in that portion as well. As a result, the double-acting cylinder device is activated to move the casting carriage in one direction.

When the spool 28 moves as shown in FIG. 3, this time, the opening 45, the second communication chamber 54 and the flow rate adjusting opening 47 are provided.
The working fluid supply path 64 and the second fluid supply path 66 communicate with each other via the. In addition, the first fluid supply passage 65 is
Of the fluid discharge passage 70 by communicating the compartment 33 of the first compartment 32 with the first compartment 32 through the flow rate adjusting opening 46 and the first communication chamber 53.
Be communicated to. For this reason, the double-acting cylinder moves in the opposite direction to the above, which causes the casting carriage to move in the other direction. When the spool 28 is moved as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the position detector 92 moves the spool 28 while detecting its position.

In this manner, the casing 24, the central shaft 25, and the spool 28 can form a four-way valve, and by supplying the working fluid to the working fluid supply chambers 59 and 60, the four-way valve is switched. can do. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange a reciprocating actuator for driving the four-way valve inline as in the conventional case, and the total length of the valve can be shortened. Further, unlike the conventional device, it is not necessary to laterally project the rotary actuator, the clutch, or the like, so that the dimension in the width direction can be suppressed to be small.

Further, both casings have a fixed structure.
Since both the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the spool 28 are guided by the 24 and the central shaft 25, and the spool 28 is slid, the spool 28 can be operated in a stable state.

By controlling the amount of the working fluid supplied to the working fluid supply chambers 59 and 60 to adjust the movement amount of the spool 28, the piston 52 is formed in a part of the flow rate adjusting openings 46 and 47.
Can be applied. In that case, the flow rate of the working fluid flowing per unit time from the working fluid supply path 64 to the fluid supply paths 65 and 66 can be adjusted, and the traveling speed of the casting carriage can be controlled.

From the operating state shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.
When returning to the neutral state shown in FIG. 1, it is sufficient to control the supply of the working fluid to the working fluid supply chambers 59 and 60 while confirming the position of the spool 28 by the position detection device 92.

When the spool 28 is to be rapidly switched to the neutral position, such as when it is necessary to stop the casting carriage in an emergency, both cylinder devices 80 of the neutralization device 73 are extended at once in a uniform manner. Then, the rod 77, which was guided by the bush 79 and moved simultaneously and integrally with the spool 28,
The head 90 is pushed by the block 84, and the rod 77 is sandwiched between the pair of blocks 84, so that the rod 77 is rapidly and forcibly moved to the neutral position. Then, at the same time, the spool 28 is also returned to the neutral position shown in FIG. 1, and the supply of the working fluid to the double-acting cylinder is stopped. At this time, if necessary, the cylinder device 80 may be operated while detecting the position of the spool 28 by the position detection device 92, as in the normal state. Incidentally, in order to perform the rapid switching to the neutral position in this way, the operating force of the cylinder device 80 is set to the working fluid supply chambers 59, 60.
It may be set to be larger than the operating force of the working fluid supplied to the.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the central axis and the casing arranged so that the relative position in the lengthwise direction with respect to the central axis does not change are provided. A cylinder-shaped spool is slidably fitted on a central shaft and slidably fitted on a casing, and a working fluid supply chamber for receiving working fluid for operating the spool is provided with a central shaft and a spool. Since it is formed between the two, the spool contains a working fluid supply chamber for performing its operation, and the casing and the spool are arranged concentrically around the central axis, so that the drive device is The total length of the provided valve can be made extremely short, and the number of parts can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a neutral state of a spool valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a state in which the spool valve is switched to one side.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a switching state of the spool valve to the other.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a development view of an inner casing of the spool valve.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of a casing of the spool valve.

FIG. 9 is an overall front view of the spool valve.

FIG. 10 is an overall plan view of the spool valve.

FIG. 11 is an overall side view of the spool valve.

FIG. 12 is a detailed view of the neutralizing device in the spool valve.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a known centrifugal casting trolley in which the spool valve of the present invention is used.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a conventional switching valve used for controlling the casting carriage and a switching drive device thereof.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the conventional switching valve and its switching drive device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 22 Bed 24 Casing 25 Center shaft 28 Spool 59 Working fluid supply chamber 60 Working fluid supply chamber 95 Working fluid

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A central axis, a casing arranged so that the relative position in the lengthwise direction with respect to the central axis does not change around the central axis, and an external fit slidably on the central axis. And a working fluid supply for receiving working fluid for operating the spool, which is formed between the central shaft and the spool and has a cylindrical spool slidably fitted in the casing. A spool valve having a chamber.