JPH07299717A - Polishing device for sphere - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a polishing device by which a sphere having highly accurate spherical shape is obtained by accurately matching the spherical center of a work having a spherical shape with an oscillation shaft center of a polishing tool. CONSTITUTION:A polishing device for a spherical body comprises a lower side rotary shaft 1 which makes either one of a work 9 or a polishing tool 8 rotate while being mounted on the top and an upper side rotary shaft 2 which makes the other one of the work or the polishing tool rotate and also oscillate while being mounted. The top position of the work or the polishing tool mounted on the top of the lower side rotary shaft 1 is detected by a top part detection means 10, the lower side rotary shaft 1 is raised by a prescribed distance according to the spherical face radius of the work by an instruction from a spherical center control means 18 based on the detection signal of the top position detection means, and the spherical center of the work or the polishing tool is made to coincide with the oscillation shaft center 12 of an oscillation shaft.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a polishing apparatus for precisely polishing a spherical surface of, for example, a convex lens, a concave lens, a mold or the like to a predetermined spherical radius.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional sphere polishing apparatus, for example, an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-109672, a polishing tool having the same spherical radius as that of a workpiece is used as a spherical surface of the workpiece. It is known that a swinging motion and a rotating motion are applied while abutting against each other to be slid on each other. In this polishing device, the convex polishing tool fixed to the lower rotary shaft is fixed at an appropriate position, and then the workpiece fixed to the upper rotary shaft is lowered to the position where it abuts the spherical surface of the polishing tool. And polishing is performed.

However, this polishing apparatus has no means for accurately aligning the swing axis of the workpiece with the spherical center of the workpiece even if the spherical radii of the workpiece and the polishing tool match. However, there is a problem that if the polishing work is performed for a long time, the regular spherical shape is broken.

Further, the spherical center of the workpiece and the swing axis of the polishing tool are visually aligned, but this work is difficult because it requires the experience and intuition of the operator, and the workpiece is a lens. In this case, since the spherical radius to be machined changes depending on the lens type, it is necessary to take the radius into consideration each time, and if the adjustment is not successful, the spherical accuracy will drop and the quality will be adversely affected.

Further, when the workpiece is not attached to the polishing tool due to an accident such as a mistake made by an operator or a natural drop, when a command for starting the polishing operation is issued, the workpiece is not polished even though the workpiece does not exist. Since the work is started, the mounting jig of the work piece and the polishing tool come into direct contact with each other, or when the so-called multiple spindle is used so that a plurality of work pieces can be polished at the same time, the polishing is performed. There is also a problem of causing danger such as unnecessary movement of a polishing device that does not exist.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and makes the spherical center of the work piece accurately coincide with the swing axis of the polishing tool, thereby providing a highly accurate and accurate spherical surface. An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing device that can perform a polishing process into a shape.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention is an upright rotating shaft, in which a work piece or a polishing tool is mounted on the top thereof. A lower rotating shaft having a rotating mechanism for rotating and a vertically moving mechanism for vertically moving in the axial direction, and a state of being positioned above the lower rotating shaft and having the other of the workpiece or the polishing tool attached to the lower part thereof. And an upper rotary shaft having a swing shaft that rotates while rotating the other of the workpiece or the polishing tool in contact with one of the workpiece or the polishing tool on the lower rotary shaft. (A) a top position detecting means for detecting an apex position of a workpiece or a polishing tool mounted on the top of the lower rotary shaft; and (B) a top position detecting means. Based on the detection signal of Spherical center control means for matching the spherical center of the workpiece or the polishing tool with the swing axis of the swing shaft by driving the moving mechanism by a predetermined distance according to the spherical radius of the workpiece. It is characterized by being provided.

In this case, before the spherical center of the work piece or the polishing tool is aligned with the swing axis of the swing shaft, the work piece or the polishing tool placed on the lower rotary shaft is Abrasive position is detected in advance by the apex position detecting means, and the lower rotation shaft is temporarily stopped to accurately detect the apex position of the workpiece or polishing tool mounted on the lower rotation shaft. Preferably, the device is a device, and the top position detecting means more preferably uses a laser photoelectric switch.

Further, before the aforesaid polishing apparatus detects the apex of the lower rotary shaft, it detects the elevation of the vertical moving mechanism of the lower rotary shaft beyond a predetermined position, whereby the workpiece or the polishing machine is polished. It is preferable to provide a safety device that determines whether the tool is not mounted and interrupts the polishing operation.

The safety device is a polishing device that uses a servo motor or a stepping motor as a vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft, and detects a rise above a predetermined position by counting the number of rotations by a rotary encoder. More preferably, a dog is provided below the apex position of the lower rotary shaft, and the dog crosses the optical axis of the photoelectric switch fixed to the frame of the polishing device, whereby a predetermined position of the vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft. Most preferably, the above rise is detected.

[0011]

In the sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention, the workpiece or the polishing tool mounted on the top of the lower rotary shaft moves up along with the lower rotary shaft by the vertical motion drive mechanism, and the top of the rotary shaft center. When you reach a specified position that is a certain distance from
The top position detecting means detects the apex position.

Next, the detection signal is sent to the ball-center control means, and the ball-center control means calculates the distance obtained by adding the ball-center radius for each type information of the workpiece inputted in advance to the constant distance. Then, the up-and-down moving mechanism of the lower rotary shaft is given an ascending command for that distance. By this command, the lower rotary shaft further rises, and the vertical movement mechanism stops when the spherical center of the workpiece or the polishing tool coincides with the swing shaft center of the polishing apparatus. At this point, accurate positioning of the work piece or the polishing tool with respect to the polishing apparatus is completed, and thereafter, a normal polishing operation is started.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a ball polishing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the polishing apparatus, and FIG.
It is a schematic right view of the apparatus of FIG. In the figure, 1 is
A lower rotation shaft that rotates while the lens material 9 (convex lens) that is the workpiece is placed on the attachment jig 1a at the top and that vertically moves in the vertical direction in the figure, with a rotation drive motor at the bottom thereof. 4 and a vertical movement servomotor 3 having a pinion mechanism, which vertically drives a rack 4a fixed to the motor 4. Therefore, the lower rotary shaft 1
The lens material 9 can be rotated while moving up and down while holding the lens material 9 on the top. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the attaching jig 1a has a taper hole 1b of the same shape and an inner peripheral surface radius (concave spherical surface) of the lens material 9 at the shaft end of the lower rotating shaft 1 which is tapered. 1 with a spherical radius almost the same as the spherical radius of
The attachment jig 1a having c is fitted and fixed, and the lens material 9 can be placed thereon. Further, as the motor 4 which is the rotating mechanism of the lower rotary shaft 1 of the present embodiment, a motor whose rotation speed can be arbitrarily set according to the polishing speed is used, but it is an induction motor or a reversible motor whose rotation direction can be reversed. May be Further, the servo motor 3 which is a vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft 1 is
It is fixed to 6 and is electrically connected to a ball center control means 18 described later. As the vertical movement mechanism 4a of the lower rotary shaft 1, in addition to the rack and pinion mechanism of this embodiment, a linear step motor, a stepping motor and a linear way,
A mechanism combined with a timing belt can also be used.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a lens material 9 which is rotated in a state in which a polishing tool for polishing the outer peripheral surface 9a of the lens material 9 into a convex spherical surface having a predetermined spherical radius (a spherical radius of a convex spherical surface) is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the lens material. An upper rotary shaft for swinging at a predetermined swing angle θ, a polishing tool 8 is fixed to a lower end portion thereof, and a rotary drive mechanism and a swing mechanism of the upper rotary shaft 2 are connected to an upper portion thereof. Has been done. Here, the upper rotary shaft 2 is provided as an extension of the lower rotary shaft so that its axis coincides with that of the lower rotary shaft 1, and is slidable in the axial direction. Rotation and swing shown by an arrow in FIG. 9 described later can be performed. Further, the polishing tool 8 is a part of a spherical surface in which the spherical radius of the concave portion 8a matches the spherical radius of the convex spherical surface of the product lens, and can be attached and detached by the same means as the means of FIG. In the rotating mechanism of the upper rotary shaft 2, the rotation driving motor 7 is fixed to the frame 16, and the motor shaft and the upper rotary shaft 2 are connected by a power transmission means such as a timing belt or a gear. Further, in the swing mechanism of the upper rotary shaft 2, the swing servomotor 6 is fixed on the frame 16, and the swing shaft 5 extends horizontally orthogonal to both rotary shafts 1 and 2, and the swing frame 17 It is integrated with. Therefore, the upper rotary shaft 2 can be rotated by the rotation of the motor 7 and can be swung within the range of a predetermined angle 2θ about the swing axis 12 by the rotation of the servo motor 6. As a motor instead of the servo motor 6, a stepping motor or a combination of an induction motor and a link mechanism can be cited, but it is preferable to use the servo motor or stepping motor capable of setting an accurate angle. In addition, the motor 7 which is a rotating means of the upper rotary shaft 2
Also, like the motor 4 of the lower rotary shaft 1, it is preferable that the number of rotations can be controlled.

A plurality of the lens material attaching jig 1a and the polishing tool 8 are prepared in advance according to the spherical radius of the product lens, and the lower rotation is performed according to the change of the product lens to be processed. The shaft 1 and the upper rotary shaft 2 can be attached and detached. The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the case where the lens material 9 has a convex lens shape, but when the lens material 9 has a concave lens shape, as shown in FIG. 4, a polishing tool having a convex spherical surface is used. 8 is mounted on the lower rotary shaft 1, and the attaching jig 1a for fixing the lens material 9 of the concave lens having the concave spherical surface is mounted on the upper rotary shaft 2. As a sticking method,
A sticking method using an adhesive, vacuum or the like can be used. It should be noted that one of the attaching jig 1a and the polishing tool 8 may be mounted on the lower rotary shaft 1 or the upper rotary shaft 2, and the other may be mounted on the upper rotary shaft 2 or the lower rotary shaft 1. Good.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a top position detecting means for detecting the apex position of the lens material 9 or the polishing tool 8 mounted on the shaft end of the lower rotary shaft 1, and in the present embodiment, the apex of the lens material 9 is optically detected. A pair of photoelectric sensors 10 composed of a light projecting sensor and a light receiving sensor are attached by a bracket 10a via the lower rotation shaft 1 so that the shaft 11 can pass therethrough. When the top of the lens material comes into contact with the optical axis, The position can be detected. The position of the optical axis 11 is preferably set so that the lens material 9 is temporarily stopped before the distance A from the swing axis 12. The distance A is 0 to 0 because the spherical radius is 0 mm or more and it is necessary to make a stroke in which a sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a lens or a jig works.
It is preferable to provide about 5 mm. In this case, contrary to the present embodiment, the position of the optical axis 11 may be set higher than the swing axis 12. As the top position detecting means, an image processing device using a CCD camera, a displacement sensor, a proximity sensor, a contact type limit switch, or the like can be used in addition to a photoelectric sensor, but a photoelectric sensor or a CCD camera image can be used for highly accurate positioning. It is preferable to use a processing device and a displacement sensor.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a lens material 9 by rotating the servo motor 3 which is a vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft 1 by a predetermined number of rotations based on a detection signal from the top position detecting means 10.
The ball center of the lens material 9 coincides with the rocking axis 12 of the rocking shaft 5 by a ball center controlling means for matching the ball center of (or the polishing tool 8) with the rocking axis 12 of the rocking shaft 5. Then servo motor 3
To give a stop command. The ball-center control means 18 determines the swing start angle of the swing shaft 5, the swing angle θ, the swing angular velocity, and the lower rotary shaft 1 according to the type of product lens.
Means for inputting a preferable numerical control program for these polishing conditions, a storage means, a calculation means, and a control command for these polishing conditions so that the initial position, the rotation speed, the rotation speed of the upper rotary shaft 2, the polishing time, etc. can be controlled. An output unit for outputting a calculation result command and the like to each motor is provided.

FIG. 5 is a safety device for stopping the lifting of the lower rotary shaft 1 so that the polishing is not automatically started when the lens material 9 or the polishing tool 8 is not mounted on the lower rotary shaft 1. It is a schematic front view explaining. That is,
The dog 13 is provided on the rack 4a, and the dog 1 is provided on the frame 16.
The photomicrosensor 14 for detecting the passage of 3 is fixed, and by blocking the optical axis of the photomicrosensor 14 before the lens material 9 or the top of the polishing tool 8 crosses the optical axis 11 of the photoelectric sensor 10, It is recognized that neither the work piece 9 nor the polishing tool is mounted on the upper side of the side rotary shaft 1, and the recognition signal is transmitted to the ball center control means 18 to stop the rotation of the servo motor 3. The polishing work can be interrupted. In this case, servo motor 3
It is possible to detect the position of the photomicro sensor 14 from the number of rotations provided by providing a rotary encoder or the like. As the other components of the photomicrosensor 14, the same components as those of the photoelectric sensor 10 can be used.

Next, the operation of the polishing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the operator inputs the polishing conditions corresponding to the product lens to the ball center control means 18. And
As shown in FIG. 6, the lens material 9 is adhered and fixed to the top of the attaching jig 1 a of the lower shaft rotating shaft 1 with an adhesive, and the upper shaft rotating shaft 2
A predetermined polishing tool 9 is attached to the. When a rising command is given to the servomotor 3 from the ball-center control means 18, the lower rotating shaft 1 is lifted by the vertical moving mechanism 4a together with the motor 4, and FIG.
When the apex of the lens material 9 intercepts the optical axis 11 of the photoelectric sensor 10 as shown in FIG. 2, the detection signal is given to the ball-center control means 18, and the servomotor 3 stops and the lower rotary shaft also stops rising. .

Next, assuming that the spherical radius of the product lens is R and the ascending distance of the lower rotary shaft 1 per step of the servomotor 3 is b, as described above, the optical axis 11 and the swing axis 12 are set.
Since the distance between and is A, the servo motor 3 receives the number of steps of C from the polishing information for each type that has been input to the ball center control unit 18 at this point in advance, and rotates by the number of steps. . That is, C in this case is C
= (A + R) / b, the lens material 9 is polished on the rocking axis 12 of the rocking shaft 5 by the raising of the lower rotary shaft 1 corresponding to the number of C steps of the servo motor 3. When the final product lens is obtained, the spherical centers of the concave spherical surfaces of the product lens coincide with each other. This state is shown in FIG. When the position of the optical axis 11 is set higher than the swing axis 12, the distance A is treated as a negative value by the ball center control means 18, and the top of the lens material 9 is separated from the optical axis 11 by the distance A. When it passes, the ball center is aligned with the swing axis 12 of the swing shaft 5 by stopping and then descending by a distance A.

When the ball centers of both members match, a start command is given from the ball center control means 18 to the motors 4, 6, 7.
As shown in FIG. 9, in a state where the concave spherical surface of the polishing tool 8 is in contact with the convex spherical surface of the lens material 9 with its own weight as a pressing load, the lens material is rotated and rocked at a rocking angle θ. Then, when the convex outer peripheral surface of the lens material 9 reaches the spherical radius R of the product lens input to the spherical center control means 18, the polishing operation of the polishing apparatus is stopped. As described above, when the lens material or the polishing tool is not mounted on the lower rotary shaft to start polishing, the dog 13 provided at the lower portion of the lower rotary shaft has the top of the lens material 9 Optical axis 1
Before reaching 1, the photomicrosensor 14 is traversed, it is determined that neither the lens material nor the polishing tool is attached, the polishing operation is stopped, and the lower rotary shaft returns to the original position.

Therefore, according to the polishing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to automatically polish the spherical surface of the lens material into a highly accurate spherical shape without depending on the experience and intuition of the operator.

[0025]

According to the spherical body polishing apparatus of the first to third aspects, there is an effect that the workpiece or the polishing tool can be accurately positioned. That is, at the start of the polishing operation, the vertex position of the workpiece or the polishing tool is accurately captured by the top position detecting means, and the spherical radius data according to the type of the workpiece from the ball center control means is received,
The polishing operation is started after the swing axis of the polishing tool and the spherical center of the spherical surface of the workpiece are aligned with high accuracy. Therefore,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The polishing apparatus of the present invention can exert an excellent effect that the spherical surface of a workpiece can be automatically processed into a highly accurate spherical shape without relying on the experience or intuition of an operator. .

According to the polishing apparatus for spherical bodies of claims 4 to 6, since the mechanism for determining whether the workpiece or the polishing tool is mounted on the lower rotary shaft is provided, it is not prepared. It is not necessary to start the polishing operation in this state, which may cause a danger, or to perform unnecessary polishing work.

The sphere-polishing device according to the present invention is particularly effective in the case of a so-called multi-spindle polishing device in which a plurality of polishing devices are arranged side by side, and ON / OFF is performed for each spindle.
Not only is it possible to start polishing all the necessary weights at the same time, but also it is possible to efficiently manufacture a spherical body having a spherical shape with high processing accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic right side view of the device of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the attaching jig shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a mounting method different from the mounting method of the workpiece and the polishing tool in FIG.

5 is a schematic front view illustrating a safety device of the polishing apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the operation of the sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the operation of the sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the operation of the sphere polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the operation of the polishing apparatus for spherical bodies according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Lower rotary shaft 2 ... Upper rotary shaft 5 ... Oscillating shaft 8 ... Polishing tool 9 ... Lens material 10 ... Photoelectric sensor 11 ... Sensor optical axis 12 ... Oscillating axis 18 ... Top ball center control means

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A lower rotary shaft which is an upright rotary shaft, and which has a rotary mechanism for rotating a workpiece or a polishing tool mounted on the top thereof and a vertical moving mechanism for vertically moving in the axial direction thereof. And located above the lower rotary shaft and rotating with the other one of the workpiece or the polishing tool attached to the lower part thereof, and the other of the workpiece or the polishing tool on the lower rotary shaft. A spherical polishing apparatus having an upper rotary shaft having a swing shaft that swings while being brought into contact with one of the workpiece and the polishing tool, (A) mounted on the top of the lower rotary shaft A top position detecting means for detecting an apex position of the processed workpiece or polishing tool, and (B) based on a detection signal from the top position detecting means,
By driving the vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft by a predetermined distance corresponding to the spherical radius of the workpiece, the spherical center of the workpiece or the polishing tool becomes the swing axis of the swing shaft. A sphere polishing device, characterized in that a ball center control means for matching the spheres is provided. 2. The ball polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece or the polishing tool is mounted on the lower rotary shaft before the spherical center of the workpiece or the polishing tool is aligned with the swing shaft center of the swing shaft. The apex position of the processed work piece or polishing tool previously detected by the top position detecting means, and the lower rotation shaft is temporarily stopped, so that the work piece or polishing tool mounted on the lower rotation shaft is temporarily stopped. An apparatus for polishing a spherical body, which is capable of accurately detecting the vertex position of the. 3. The ball polishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the top position detecting means is a laser photoelectric switch. 4. The polishing apparatus for a spherical body according to claim 1, wherein by detecting a rise of the vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft above a predetermined position before detecting the apex of the lower rotary shaft,
A sphere polishing apparatus comprising a safety device for determining whether the workpiece or the polishing tool is not mounted and interrupting the polishing operation. 5. The ball polishing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the safety device uses a servo motor or a stepping motor as a vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft, and the rotary encoder counts the number of rotations to a predetermined position or more. A spherical polishing device, which is characterized by detecting an ascent. 6. The ball polishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the safety device has a dog provided below a top position of the lower rotation shaft, and the dog is fixed to the frame of the polishing device. And a polishing device for a spherical body, which detects an elevation of the vertical movement mechanism of the lower rotary shaft above a predetermined position.