JPH07291815A - Agent for controlling viral disease of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an agent for controlling viral diseases of plant capable of strongly inhibiting the infection of plant viruses at a low rate of application by extracting herb drugs NANBANGE (style of Zea mays) and/or KAGOSOU (spica of Prunella vulgaris) with hot water and using the obtained plant virus infection inhibiting substance as an active component. CONSTITUTION:Dried style and stigma of Zea mays and/or dried spica or whole grass of Prunella vulgaris are extracted with water by heating in an autoclave at about 121 deg.C for about 20min. The extraction product is filtered and the filtrate is evaporated to dryness with a rotary evaporator to obtain an agent for controlling viral diseases of plants. The plant virus is especially sap- transmission plant virus or organism-mediated virus, e.g. tobacco mosaic virus, tobacco rattle virus, tobacco stunt virus, tobacco leaf curl virus, potato X virus and cucumber mosaic virus. Although the active component may be used as it is, it is preferable to use the component in various forms by mixing with an adjuvant such as solid carrier or liquid carrier.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant virus disease control agent having a plant virus infection inhibitory activity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tobacco, tomato, potato, cucumber, watermelon, radish, strawberry, etc. cultivated in fields, paddy fields or various facilities are infected with tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, cucumber green spot mosaic virus, potato Y virus, etc. However, it often suffers significant damage. These plant viruses are present in other crops, weeds, drainage, seedlings, soil, etc., and are transmitted by contact during management work, insect sucking, etc.

At present, plant virus diseases can be treated by heat therapy and growth point tissue culture method. However, these methods are effective as means for regenerating the varieties into virus-free strains when all strains are infected with the virus, but are completely useless for controlling viral diseases that have occurred in the field. Therefore, in order to effectively treat a viral disease, it is necessary to have a means of controlling the virus by spraying a drug, and it is considered necessary to develop an anti-plant virus agent as soon as possible and put it into practical use.

Anti-plant virus agents have been studied since about 1950 with various kinds of chemical substances from the viewpoint of virus growth inhibition, but most of the substances that inhibit the growth also inhibit the metabolic system of the host. Various problems such as causing phytotoxicity were found, and the number of reports of the research was gradually reduced. On the other hand, substances that inhibit virus infection must be strong substances that almost completely inhibit infection, because once a plant is infected with a virus, its growth cannot be suppressed. It seems to be easy to put into practical use because it does not affect the metabolism of the host and there is little concern about chemical damage. There have been many reports on infection inhibitors from a very long time ago to the present day, and it has been reported that there are oscilloscopes (Kubo, S. et al.,
L. Ann. Phytopath Soc., 56, 481-487, Tkanami, Y.
Extracts of higher plants such as et al, L. Ann. Phytopath Soc., 56, 488-494) and Korean carrots (Hideo Kishi, et al., Nikkan Hakka, 58, 626) also significantly inhibit virus infection. It has been reported. In addition, recently, a method of controlling the virus resistance which the plant originally has for controlling, that is, a method for controlling the virus disease by inducing resistance to the plant by a drug has been studied. As described above, anti-plant virus agents have undergone considerable research from the viewpoints of growth inhibition, infection inhibition, and resistance induction, but few have been commercialized as anti-plant virus agents so far. is there.

[0005]

The object of the present invention is to develop an anti-plant virus agent from the viewpoint of infection inhibition without fear of phytotoxicity, and to strongly inhibit plant virus infection at a low dose. It is intended to provide a novel plant virus disease control agent capable of exerting the above effects.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of screening the hot water extracts of various higher plants in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that some herbal medicines are significantly infected with plant viruses. Found that there are things that hinder
The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is directed to Zea mays
L.), summer hay (Prunella vulgaris L.var. Lilachina N
A plant virus disease control agent containing a plant virus infection inhibitor obtained by extracting at least one selected from _AKAI ) with hot water as an active ingredient.

The plant virus infection inhibitor, which is the active ingredient of the present invention, is obtained by extracting the stigma and stigma of fresh flowers of Southern barbarian, or the spikelets or whole plants of summer dead grass with hot water at a temperature of 50 to 130 ° C. can get. Conventionally, it is known that a crude drug such as Nanbanbanbu or summer hay is effective in inhibiting infection and growth of various animal viruses including AIDS virus, but there is no report on anti-plant virus activity.

In the present invention, the plant virus infection inhibitor obtained from the hot water extract may be further purified by a conventional means such as ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and the like. .

Although the present active ingredient may be used as it is, it is usually mixed with a solid carrier, a liquid carrier, a surfactant or other auxiliary agent to give, for example, granules, powders, emulsions, suspensions, It is used as a wettable powder. The content of the present active ingredient in the preparation is, for example, about 5 to 95%.

As the above solid carrier, kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, talc, bentonite,
Diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, silicic acid anhydride, soybean flour, walnut flour, starch, wood flour, crystalline cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like, and the liquid carrier includes water, methanol, ethanol, ethylene. Examples thereof include glycol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, carbon tetrachloride, kerosene, mineral oil and the like.

The surfactant may be any of nonionic, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic for the purpose of emulsification, dispersion, wetting and the like. Anionic ones are preferably used. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer. Examples of the anionic surfactant include alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether phosphate ester salts, and naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensates.

Further, in order to improve the properties of the preparation and enhance the effect, casein, gelatin, albumin, lignin sulfonate, alginate, glue, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), gum arabic, etc. may be added as an auxiliary agent. Good.

Examples of the method of using the plant virus disease control agent of the present invention include foliar application, soil treatment, seed disinfection and the like.

When the plant virus disease controlling agent of the present invention is used, the amount used varies depending on the target crop, the target disease, the formulation form, the method of use, and the like. Is 0.5 to 40 g.

The plant viruses which can be controlled by the plant virus disease controlling agent of the present invention include sap-transmitted plant viruses and biologically transmitted plant viruses, and specific examples thereof include: Tobacco mosaic Virus (to
bacco mosaic virus; TMV), tobacco rattle virus
(tobacco rattle virus), Tobacco dwarf virus (tobacco rattle virus)
co stunt virus; TStuV), tobacco leaf cigar virus (tobac
co leaf curl virus; VLCV), tobacco leaf mosaic virus (TVBMV), tobacco gangrene atrophy virus (TNDV), tobacco streak virus (tobacco streak virus; TSV),
Potato virus X (PVX), potato Y, S, M, A virus, potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV), potato mop top virus (PMTV), potato cigar virus
(potato leaf-roll virus; PLRV), alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) cucumber green mottle
mosaic virus; CGMMV), cucumber yellow virus (cucumb)
er yellows virus; CuYV), pumpkin mosaic virus
(watermelon mosaic virus; WMV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), sugarcane mosaic virus (SCM)
V), rice dwarf virus (rice drawf virus), rice stripe virus (rice stripe virus), rice black stripe dwarf virus (rice black-streaked drawf virus), strawberry mottle virus (strawberry mottle virus; SMoV), strawberry Bain Banding Virus (strawberry vein band
ing virus; SVBV), strawberry mild yellow edge virus; SMYE
V), strawberry crinkle v
irus; SCrV), broad bean virus (broad bean)
wilt virus; BBWV), melon gangrene spot virus (melon
necrotic spot virus; MNSV) etc.

[0017]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the plant virus disease control agent of the present invention, a high virus infection inhibitory action is exhibited at a low dose, and it is possible to prevent plant diseases caused by plant viruses such as tobacco mosaic virus.

[0018]

[Examples] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples, Test Examples and Formulation Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by these.

[Example 1] Dried products of stigma and stigma of fresh flowers of Nanbanban fur, or dried products of spikelets or whole grass of summer dead grass, 6 kg of water was added to 1 kg of each, and the mixture was extracted in an autoclave at 121 ° C for 20 minutes did. After extraction, filtration is performed,
The filtrate was dried by a rotary evaporator [Shiba Kagaku Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd. RE-10E-100].

[Test Example 1] (Materials and Method) (1) Test Virus Tobacco Mosaic Virus Ordinary Lines TMV-OM1 to 34
μg / ml was used. (2) Local lesions of the test plant Nicotina tabacum cv. Sumsun NN / TMV-OM The upper and lower leaves of the seedlings grown for 2-3 months in the greenhouse were left, and the middle leaves were tested. (3) Test Crude Drugs The hot water extracts of Nanban-hair and summer hay obtained in Example 1 were used. (4) Assay of Infection Inhibitory Effect The efficacy of the test crude drugs against viral infection was assayed by the half-leaf method using TMV-OM and its locally infected host. The cut leaf of Samsung NN tobacco is divided into two parts from the center, and one half of the leaf is made to contain the test liquid of crude drug in absorbent cotton pinched with tweezers.
It was applied. The other half leaf was coated with distilled water as a control. Each inoculated half leaf is laid in a transparent plastic box containing a filter paper soaked in distilled water, at a temperature of 20-
The number of local diseased spots formed after 2 to 3 days was counted by placing the plate under illumination of about 3000 lux at 25 ° C. The infection inhibition rate was calculated by the following formula.

[0021]

[Equation 1] Infection inhibition rate = (1-T / C) × 100 (%) T: Number of lesions on treated leaves C: Number of lesions on control leaves

(Results) (1) Assay of Infection Inhibitory Effect on Crude Drugs Hot water extracts of Nanbanbutsu and Satsuma hay were prepared as 50-fold diluted solutions by adding distilled water respectively. At this time, insoluble matter remained in all the test liquids. These test liquids were applied to the surface of each half leaf, and after 20 minutes, the surface of the leaf was dried, and then the same surface of the half leaf was inoculated with 34 μg / ml of TMV-OM.
As shown in Table 1, 90% or more inhibition was observed in both the 50-fold diluted Nanban fur and hot-water extract of summer hay. In the 500-fold diluted solution, the hot water extract of Nanbanban hair showed a high inhibitory effect of around 90%, and the hot water extract of summer hay showed an inhibitory effect of around 60%. From these results, it was shown that the hot water extract of Nanban fur and summer hay had infection inhibitory properties.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[Test Example 2] Assay of Infection Inhibitory Effect on Southern Barley Hair Hot-Water Extract (1) Persistence of Infection Inhibitory Effect when Southern Barley Hair Hot-Water Extract was Applied to Leaf Surfaces before Inoculation with TMV We examined sustainability. On the surface of each half-leaf of tobacco, hot water extract of Nanbanban hair 500
TMV was inoculated on the same surface of a half leaf after a fixed time (20 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours) after applying a ˜5000-fold diluted solution or water. At this time, a very small amount of insoluble matter remained in the hot water extract of each barbarian hair. As shown in Table 2, when a hot water extract of Nanbanban hair was applied 20 minutes before TMV inoculation, the inhibitory effect was about 90% or more up to a 5000-fold diluted solution. As shown in Table 3, when a hot water extract of Nanbanban hair was applied 24 hours before TMV inoculation, it showed an inhibitory effect of about 90% or more with a 500 to 2000 times diluted solution, or a 3000 times diluted solution. Then 60
About 85%, a 5000-fold diluted solution showed about 55-80% inhibitory effect. When applied 48 hours before TMV inoculation (Table 4), it is 60 to 8 with a 1000 to 5000 times diluted solution.
The inhibitory effect was about 0%.

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026]

[Table 3]

[0027]

[Table 4]

(2) Permeation transferability Table 5 shows the results of examination of the infection inhibitory effect when a hot water extract of Nanbanban fur was applied to the surface of the leaf opposite to the inoculation surface. The back side of each half-leaf of tobacco was coated with a 500-fold diluted solution of a hot water extract of barbarian hair or water, and 20 minutes later, TMV was inoculated on the surface of the leaf. At this time, hot water extract of Nanbanban 50
A very small amount of insoluble matter remained in the 0-fold diluted solution. As shown in Table 5, when the leaf surface was inoculated with TMV after 20 minutes, an inhibitory effect of about 60% was shown.

[0029]

[Table 5]

[Test Example 3] Assay of Infection Inhibitory Effect on Hot-Water Extract of Summer Bacillus First, the persistence of infection-inhibiting effect when the hot-water extract of Summer hay was applied to the surface of leaves before TMV inoculation was examined. did. Hot water extract of summer hay on the surface of each half leaf of tobacco 10
TMV was inoculated on the same surface of a half leaf after a fixed time (20 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours) after applying a 0-200-fold diluted solution or water. At this time, a trace amount of insoluble matter remained in the hot water extract of each summer hay. As shown in Table 6, when the hot water extract of summer hay was applied 100 times or 200 times diluted 20 minutes before TMV inoculation, 90 times each was applied.
%, A high inhibitory effect of 80%. As shown in Table 7, the 100-fold diluted solution was used 24 hours before TMV inoculation or 48 times.
Even when it was applied before the time, it showed a high inhibitory effect of around 90% or more, and the same effect as when it was applied 20 minutes before TMV inoculation was maintained.

[0031]

[Table 6]

[0032]

[Table 7]

[Formulation Example 1] 5 parts by weight of a hot water extract of nanban fur or summer hay obtained in the example, Kaolin clay 85
Dusts were obtained by pulverizing and mixing 10 parts by weight of talc and 10 parts by weight of talc in a mixer.

[Formulation Example 2] 20 parts by weight of a hot water extract of nanban fur or summer hay obtained in the example, 1 part by weight of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, 2 parts by weight of calcium ligninsulfonate, 30 parts by weight of bentonite and kaolin. 47 parts by weight of clay was thoroughly pulverized and mixed, water was added and kneaded, and then granulated and dried to obtain respective granules.

[Formulation Example 3] 50 parts by weight of the hot water extract of Nanbanban hair or summer hay, the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 3 parts of CMC, and 44 parts of water were mixed and wet pulverized. By doing so, each suspension was obtained.

[Formulation Example 4] 95 parts by weight of the hot water extract of Nanbanbanbu or summer grass obtained in the example, 3 parts by weight of calcium lignin sulfonate, and 2 parts by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate were well pulverized and mixed to prepare water. I got a Japanese medicine.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Southern barley (Zea mays L.) and summer hay (Prunella)
vulgaris L. var. lilachina N _AKAI ) A plant virus disease control agent containing as an active ingredient a plant virus infection inhibitor obtained by extracting at least one selected from hot water. 2. The plant virus disease control agent according to claim 1, wherein the plant virus is a sap-transmitted plant virus or an organism-borne plant virus.