JPH07290618A - Composite impact-resistant structure and lifeguard for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a light-weight, high-performance composite impact-resistant structure that can absorb an impact without flying apart at the time of collision by a method wherein one or more impact-resistant plates of the composite impact-resistant structure is made of a fiber-reinforced composite material consisting of high-strength fibers not less than a specific value each in tensile modulus of elasticity and tensile strength. CONSTITUTION:A composite impact-resistant structure is formed by laminating two or more structures each formed by combining an impact-resistant plate 1 and a honeycomb structure 2. In this composite impact-resistant structure, at least one impact- resistant plate in use is made of a fiber-reinforced composite material consisting of high-strength fibers having a tensile modulus of elasticity of 400g/d or more and a tensile strength of 20g/d or more. Namely, it is very important that the two or more composite structures of the impact-resistant plate 1 and the honeycomb structure 2 are laminated. Therefore, it is necessary for dispersing an impact force that at least two impact-resistant plates 1 and at least two honeycomb structures 2 are repeatedly laminated. The number of repeating can be arbitrarily selected, but a stress can be more dispersed by setting the number larger within the limits of the dimension and weight allowed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite impact resistant structure, and more specifically, it has a momentum of 1000 kg · m / se.
a composite impact resistant structure effective for high momentum collisions of c or more,
And a railcar discontinuity device using the composite impact resistant structure thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An impact resistant structure which has been conventionally used in a vehicle obstacle box using a honeycomb has been proposed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-71425 and is well known. However, recently, there is an increasing demand for speeding up and weight saving of transportation means. For example, in a railway, a linear motor car is 500 km / h,
The Shinkansen is planned to be developed with the aim of running at a speed of 350 km / h or more in the future. Even if the same object collides with the conventional Shinkansen, the energy of collision will be more than twice that of the conventional Shinkansen. In the impact structure, the weight is remarkably increased in order to cope with the impact, which hinders the intended speeding up of the vehicle. Furthermore, when the colliding object is bounced off as in the above invention, the colliding object or its fragments are scattered forward or sideways at a high speed, which may cause a secondary collision with a structure on the track or along the railway, and further with a human body. There is a high possibility that it will occur, and there is a need for an impact resistant structure that not only protects the vehicle but also captures colliding objects.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention is a lightweight and high-capacity device capable of being taken into a structure without scattering the colliding object when the object collides with a momentum of 1000 kg · m / sec or more. An object is to provide a high-performance composite impact resistant structure.

[0004]

A composite impact resistant structure according to the present invention is a composite impact resistant structure formed by laminating two or more layers of a composite structure of an impact resistant plate and a honeycomb structure.
At least one of the impact resistant plates used has a tensile modulus of 400.
It is characterized in that it is composed of a fiber-reinforced composite material composed of high-strength fibers having a g / d or more and a tensile strength of 20 g / d or more. In the present invention, it is very important that two or more layers of the structure in which the impact resistant plate and the honeycomb structure are combined are laminated. Since the impact force of the target colliding object is extremely high, a simple 1
In the case of a honeycomb structure having a layered structure, the impact-resistant plate on the side opposite to the collision is greatly deformed, and a sufficient protective effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, in order to disperse the impact force, it is necessary that at least the impact resistant plate and the honeycomb structure are repeatedly laminated in two layers. In this case, the number of repetitions is arbitrarily selected to meet the requirements such as the scale of impact, the size of the object, and the possibility of repulsion, but it is advantageous in terms of dispersing stress as much as the size and weight allow. .

As the impact resistant plate used in the present invention, it is possible to use a material such as a metal plate, a fiber reinforced composite material plate, a resin molding plate, a ceramics plate, etc. However, if only the metal plate is used, the specific gravity of the material is increased. Since it is large, the weight becomes large and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. In addition, tensile elastic modulus 500g
It is possible to use a fiber-reinforced composite material plate or resin molded plate made of fibers having a tensile strength of less than 20 g / d or less, but the strength is insufficient to receive the required impact. The structure has a large thickness, and although the specific gravity is small, the amount to be used becomes large, resulting in an increase in weight, and the object of the invention cannot be achieved as in the case of using a metal plate. Furthermore, impact-resistant plates made of ceramic plates cannot be used because fragments of ceramic plates damaged by collision may scatter. Therefore, weight reduction,
At least one of the impact resistant plates to achieve high impact resistance
Tensile elastic modulus of 400g / d or more, tensile strength 20g
It is necessary to use a fiber-reinforced composite material plate composed of high-strength fibers of / d or more.

As the high-strength fibers used here, inorganic fibers and organic fibers can be used alone or in combination depending on the required performance. However, from the viewpoint of impact resistance and lightness, the volume of the fibers used is It is preferable to use at least 50% of organic high-strength fibers such as aromatic polyamide fibers, aromatic polyester fibers, high-strength polyethylene fibers, and high-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers. More preferably, a high-strength polyethylene fiber having excellent specific elastic modulus and specific strength is used in at least 50% of the volume of the fiber to obtain a composite impact resistant structure which is lightweight and has high impact resistance.

The matrix resin used in the fiber-reinforced composite material plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited and can be arbitrarily selected from generally known thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin. . Considering molding processability and the like, it is preferable to use a thermosetting resin.

The thickness of the fiber-reinforced composite material plate is determined by the assumed collision object, but is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm.
It is preferable to be selected within the range. When the required thickness of the fiber reinforced composite material corresponding to the target impact is 50 mm or more, the split is superior in impact absorption performance. Therefore, it is more preferable to select the thickness in the range of 5 mm to 30 mm in order to obtain a composite material plate having excellent impact resistance.

In the present invention, when the impact resistant plate is required to have flame retardancy or noncombustibility, the nonflammable material plate is used by adhering it to one side or both sides of the fiber reinforced composite material plate. Since the non-combustible material used here is used for the purpose of shielding the fiber-reinforced material from the flame, a thickness of 2 mm or less can sufficiently achieve the purpose. Metal plates, ceramic plates, etc. are used as the material for the non-combustible material plate, but high strength metals such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys should be used because it is necessary to have the ability to withstand breakage and damage when an impact is applied. Is preferred.

In the present invention, the impact resistant plate and the aluminum honeycomb are sequentially bonded to manufacture a composite impact resistant structure. As a means for adhesion, an adhesive generally used when manufacturing a honeycomb structure is used.

The order of stacking the shock-resistant plates is selected so that the collision object is taken into the structure and the first layer is easily penetrated. Therefore, when the fiber-reinforced composite material plate is used for the first layer, it is important to make it less than or equal to the thickness of the impact-resistant plate used for the second and subsequent layers, and a metal plate that can easily penetrate may be used. . This metal plate having a thickness of 10 mm or less is preferable for facilitating penetration and for decreasing the weight.

As the honeycomb structure used in the present invention, it is preferable to use an aluminum honeycomb having a high buckling strength to withstand a high impact. In a honeycomb structure having a low buckling strength, the energy absorption is insufficient and the collision object cannot be sufficiently decelerated in each layer. The thickness of the honeycomb structure is preferably 50 mm or more in order to effectively absorb the impact energy of the colliding object due to the buckling of the honeycomb structure.

The selection of the stacking order of the honeycomb structure requires a device for making the impact resistant plate effectively function. For example, if the buckling strength of the honeycomb structure of the first layer is equal to or higher than the buckling strength of the honeycomb structures of the second and subsequent layers in order to facilitate the penetration of the impact resistant plate of the first layer, It is possible to provide a composite impact resistant structure having a function of easily penetrating the impact resistant plate and taking in a colliding object inside the structure, and having a function of receiving the impact in the second and subsequent layers.

The composite impact resistant structure of the present invention relates to a composite impact resistant structure in which two or more layers of the impact resistant plate and the honeycomb structure are laminated as described above, and at least one layer of the impact resistant plate to be used has tensile elasticity. Rate 500 g / d or more, tensile strength 20 g /
100 by being composed of high strength fibers of d or more
It is possible to provide a lightweight article which can cope with a high momentum of 0 kg · m / sec or more and has excellent impact resistance.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples. (Example 1) Tensile elastic modulus 1000 g / d, tensile strength 30 g
/ D high-strength polyethylene fiber ("Dyneema SK60")
A prepreg was prepared by impregnating a woven cloth made of Nippon Dyneema Co., Ltd.) with an epoxy resin. This prepreg sheet was cut into a width of 100 cm and a length of 100 cm, and a specified number of the prepreg sheets were laminated on a press die, and a fiber reinforced composite material was prepared under a curing condition of 120 ° C. for 60 minutes and a press pressure of 5 MPa with a heating press. 10 mm thick, which is made by laminating 12 sheets of 12 sheets of prepreg sheet and 23 sheets of fiber-reinforced composite material sheet having a thickness of 5 mm.
3 fiber-reinforced composite material plates of With respect to all of the four fiber-reinforced composite material plates thus obtained, aluminum plates (A5025) having a thickness of 0.5 mm were attached to both surfaces thereof with an epoxy adhesive. The composite reinforced plate thus obtained was combined with the honeycomb structure as shown in Table 1.
A layered impact resistant structure was created.

[0016]

[Table 1]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 131 kg.

(Example 2) By the same procedure as in Example 1, a composite impact resistant structure having a four-layer structure having the structure shown in Table 2 was prepared.

[0019]

[Table 2]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 136 kg.

(Embodiment 3) The procedure of Embodiment 3 is repeated except that the non-combustible material plate is not adhered.
A layered composite impact resistant structure was created.

[0022]

[Table 3]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 111 kg.

(Example 4) By the same procedure as in Example 1, a two-layer structure composite impact resistant structure having the constitution of Table 4 was prepared.

[0025]

[Table 4]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 89 kg.

(Example 5) Tensile elastic modulus of 4 as reinforcing fiber
A four-layer composite impact resistant structure having the structure shown in Table 5 was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a woven fabric made of aramid fiber having a tensile strength of 22 g / d and a tensile strength of 22 g / d was used.

[0028]

[Table 5]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 153 kg.

(Embodiment 6) A composite impact resistant structure having a four-layer structure having the structure shown in Table 6 was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that an aluminum plate was used as the impact resistant plate of the first layer. .

[0031]

[Table 6]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 153 kg.

(Comparative Example 1) The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that a woven fabric made of glass fiber having a tensile elastic modulus of 310 g / d and a tensile strength of 9 g / d was used as the reinforcing fiber. A composite impact resistant structure was created.

[0034]

[Table 7]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 182 kg.

(Comparative Example 2) A shock-resistant structure having a four-layer structure having the structure shown in Table 8 was prepared.

[0037]

[Table 8]

The total weight of the impact resistant structure was 207 kg. A drop weight impact test was performed on the test piece prepared by the above procedure under the following conditions. Weight Weight: 30 kg Collision part shape: φ100 mm hemisphere Collision velocity: 70 m / sec Fixing method: φ800 mm Placed on a circular hole support and bolted to the aluminum bottom plate. The results of the falling weight impact test are shown in Table 9.

[0039]

[Table 9]

(Example 6) The composite reinforced plate prepared in Example 1 was subjected to a combustion test in accordance with the combustion standard for railway vehicles. As a result, the result was classified as nonflammable.

(Comparative Example 3) The fiber-reinforced plate before bonding the non-combustible material plate prepared in Example 1 was subjected to a combustion test in accordance with the combustion standard for railway vehicles.

[0042]

As described above, the composite impact resistant structure according to the present invention is lightweight and has excellent impact resistance by laminating two or more layers of the fiber reinforced composite material having excellent impact resistance and the honeycomb structure. The member can be manufactured. In particular, it exerts great power as a structure that simultaneously satisfies the high performance and light weight required for high speed transportation vehicles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a structure in which a metal plate is used for the first layer in the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an impact resistant plate used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Impact-resistant plate 2: Honeycomb structure 3: Bottom plate 4: Adhesive 5: Fiber reinforced composite material plate 6: Incombustible material plate 7: Metal plate

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A composite impact resistant structure comprising two or more layers of a composite structure of an impact resistant plate and a honeycomb structure, wherein at least one layer of the impact resistant plate has a tensile elastic modulus of 400.
A composite impact resistant structure comprising a fiber-reinforced composite material composed of high-strength fibers having a strength of g / d or more and a tensile strength of 20 g / d or more. 2. The composite impact resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the fiber reinforced composite material has a thickness of 2 mm to 50 mm. 3. The composite impact structure according to claim 1, wherein a noncombustible material plate having a thickness of 2 mm or less is adhered to one side or both sides of the fiber reinforced composite material. 4. The composite impact resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the impact resistant plate of the first layer is thinner than the impact resistant plates of the second and subsequent layers. 5. The composite impact resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the buckling strength of the honeycomb structure is less than or equal to the buckling strength of the honeycomb structure of the previous layer. 6. A railcar discontinuity device comprising the composite impact-resistant structure according to claim 1.