JPH07286835A - Method and equipment for detecting geometric array of three-dimensional body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To generate an image to be evaluated by using a simple means, for analyzing the three-dimensional structure of an object. CONSTITUTION: The light emitted from an object 10, is supplied to a transmission device 12 formed by plural wavelength selecting mirrors (12a, 12b, 12c) reflecting the light of wavelengths which are different from each other, thereby the optical path length of each light is made to be different from the other. The emitted light is guided onto a photosensitive face 14 by an image pickup optical element 11. The object distances of the image pickup optical element 11 are different from each other for generating the different image pickup faces (13R, 13G, 13B) and these images are picked up on the photosensitive face 14 with colors which are different from each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting a geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Object geometries can be characterized by images of the object from different fields of view. However, in this process it is difficult to assign each part of the object to each other and to determine their spatial position accurately.

Cameras for stereoscopic photography are known from US Pat. No. 3,846,810. For that purpose,
The camera has a mirror array including two dichroic mirrors arranged at a mutual distance corresponding to the mutual distance of the human eye. One mirror guides the blue light of the object to the recording surface, and the other mirror guides the red light of the object to the recording surface.

In this way two images with different colors are recorded. The red and blue images obtained from different directional fields of view seen through the glass, one with the red filter and the other with the blue filter, can be directed separately to the individual eyes, whereby the image It becomes possible to see in three dimensions. Due to the mirrors, the optical paths of the red and blue radiation are usually different, however, they are not satisfactory and should be corrected.

Japanese Patent No. 2,118,624 shows a reproducing device for a color video image, in which three different display devices emit light of different colors. The images with different colors generated by the display device are combined by a prism and projected onto a screen through a projector. The device comprises a mirror array of serially arranged dichroic mirrors, each of which reflects light of a different wavelength and transmits light of another wavelength.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to detect a geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object which, for the purpose of analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the object, can produce an image to be evaluated using simple means. To provide a device.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, according to the method of detecting the geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object of the present invention, the object is imaged on the photosensitive surface from a visual field in at least one direction, The optical paths of different light wavelengths have different optical path lengths on the object side, and the portions of the object that are arranged concealed with each other in the direction of the field of view are imaged in different colors on the photosensitive surface and have different lengths. The optical path of Sa is made by arranging a plurality of mirrors that respectively reflect light of different wavelengths and transmit other light in such a manner that each mirror receives only the radiation light transmitted by the upper mirror. It is formed.

According to the apparatus for detecting the geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object of the present invention, the image optical element, the wavelength selective transmission device arranged on the object side and having different object distances of different light wavelengths from each other, and the image. The wavelength selective transmission device (12) reflects light of different wavelengths, and separates the other light by a distance from each other and is disposed on the optical path downstream of the image optical element. Is provided with a plurality of mirrors (12a, 12b, 12c) for transmitting the light, and these mirrors (12a, 12b, 12c) are arranged so as to be overlapped so as to receive only the radiation light transmitted by the upper mirror.

[0009]

According to the invention, the object is imaged by the imaging system at different object distances from at least one direction. The images of the individual object distances are achieved by light of different wavelengths whose wavelengths do not have to be separated, ie whose evaluation can be achieved in different wavelength regions. Hereinafter, the term "wavelength" indicates a limited wavelength region. Different object distances can be used simultaneously. This can be achieved by making the optical path length corresponding to the difference in individual wavelengths. So the light of the image depends on the wavelength,
Guided through a wavelength selective transmission device that affects the optical path length. Preferably, the transmission device comprises colored mirrors, each reflecting light of a different wavelength and transmitting the other light. The mirrors are such that light of that wavelength is reflected such that there is one mirror for each wavelength to be evaluated. The transfer characteristics of the mirrors are selected so that the light transmitted by the front mirror is reflected by either of the rear mirrors.
The optical path length can be determined by considering the angle of incidence of light as a function of wavelength from the distance of each mirror.

According to the method of the invention, which is characterized by the geometrical arrangement of the objects with different optical path lengths depending on the wavelength, the images from different directions of the field of view are combined to simultaneously obtain a large number of information of the three-dimensional characteristics of the object. You can get it. Furthermore, continuously illuminating an object with light of different wavelengths is
It enables analysis of distortion or motion of an object in consideration of time.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting a geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object. In FIG. 1, an object 10 is placed in a predetermined object area illuminated by a light source (not shown). The object 10 is placed in the region of the object distance of the image optics 11, for example a microscope.

A part of the radiated light emitted from the object 10 is colored mirrors 12a, 12b, 1 arranged continuously.
It hits an optical transmission device 12 consisting of a stack of 2c. The front mirror 12a facing the object 10 exclusively reflects the red light R, but transmits the green light and the blue light. Second
The mirror 12b exclusively reflects the green light G but transmits the blue light. The rear mirror 12c reflects blue light.

The mirrors 12a, 12b, 12c are deposited on the surface of glass, for example. Since they are separated from each other, the path lengths of the red, green and blue radiation from the object 10 to the image optics 11 are different. Red light is the shortest path and blue light is the longest path. Therefore, the difference in image distance produces individual colors within the area of the object.

The image optical element 11 has a very small recess. In FIG. 1, the object planes of different colored light directed to the transmission device 12 are referenced 13B, 13G, 13R. The light spot on the front object surface 13B is the image optical element 11
The image is picked up in blue on the photosensitive surface 14 which is arranged behind it by a predetermined distance. The light spot on the second object plane 13G is imaged on the photosensitive surface 14 in green, and the light spot on the object plane 13R farthest from the transmission device 12 is imaged on the photosensitive surface 14 in red. ..

The light emitted from the object 10 is transmitted by the transmission device 1.
The second mirror is obliquely hit and is obliquely reflected by the deflecting device 15 composed of a prism. Thereafter, the emitted light is transmitted from the deflection element 15 to the image optical element 11 on which the photosensitive surface 14 is disposed.
Be guided to. The path from the object 10 to the transmission device 12 is defined in the direction of the field of view I indicated by the arrow.

In the embodiment shown, a second transmission device 16 is provided, which is similar to the transmission device 12, but which is emitted by the object 12 in the other direction. The light is reflected to the deflecting device 15. This transmission device 16 is defined in the direction of the field of view II, which is indicated by the arrow, which is preferably oriented 90 degrees from the direction of the field of view I. As a result, the object 10 is transferred to the transmission device 1
Seen from two different directions of view through 2 and 16.

The object planes of the image optical element 11 for generating a real image of the object 10 via the transmission device 16 are indicated by 17R, 17G and 17B in FIG. The deflection device 15 is
The object surfaces 17R, 17G, and 17B are commonly imaged on the second photosensitive surface 18 provided beside the first photosensitive surface 14. A partial image II taken from the direction of the field of view II is produced on this surface 18.

It is possible to take a third partial image by arranging, for example, a third transmission device on the front side of the plane of the drawing at a predetermined distance. In this case, the reflected radiated light is guided by the deflecting device 15 having the pyramid structure onto the third photosensitive surface.

FIG. 2 shows a partial image I taken from the object 10. The image positions on the respective image pickup surfaces 13B, 13G, and 13R are light spots of corresponding colors. In FIG.
The part of the object image as a partial image is shown by a thick line.

Similarly, the part of the object on the imaging surfaces 17R, 17G, 17B is generated as a partial image II, as shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the objects consist of small particles, such as dust, which adhere to each other and whose behavior should be tested. However, the system may also detect, evaluate and, if necessary, record dense objects. The partial images produced on the photosensitive surfaces 14 and 18 can be photographed for evaluation. Finally, such photographs can be viewed as color-selected images, each divided into color components. It is also possible to use a video camera as the photosensitive surface, process the signal with a computer, and evaluate images of different colors by signal processing.

The invention can be applied both to the testing of the movement and behavior of individual or multiple objects in space, to the testing of the shapes and changes of shapes of objects.

[0024]

According to the present invention, in order to analyze a three-dimensional structure of an object, an image to be evaluated can be generated using a simple means.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a partial image I generated by the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial image II produced by the apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Object 11 Image Optical Element 12 Optical Transmission Device 12a, 12b, 12c Mirror (Wavelength Selective Mirror) 13B, 13G, 13R Object Surface (Image Surface) 14 Photosensitive Surface 15 Deflection Device 16 Optical Transmission Device 17R, 17G, 17B Object Surface ( Image plane) 18 Photosensitive surface

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An object (10) is imaged on a photosensitive surface (14) from a field of view in at least one direction, the optical paths of different light wavelengths having different optical path lengths on the object (10) side,
The objects (1
The portion (0) is imaged in different colors on the photosensitive surface (14), and the optical paths of different lengths reflect a plurality of light beams having different wavelengths and transmit other light beams.
a, 12b, 12c) are arranged so that each mirror receives only the radiated light transmitted by the upper mirror, and the geometrical arrangement of the three-dimensional object is detected. 2. The object (10) has different photosensitive surfaces (1).
4. The method for detecting the geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object according to claim 1, characterized in that the images are simultaneously picked up from a plurality of directions. 3. Object according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the object (10) is sequentially illuminated with light of different wavelengths in order to detect distortions or movements of the object (10). A method for detecting a geometrical array of a three-dimensional object. 4. An image optical element (11), a wavelength selective transmission device (12) disposed on the object side and having different object distances of different light wavelengths from each other, and the image on the optical path separated by an image distance. The wavelength selective transmission device (12) is provided with a light detection surface (14) disposed on the downstream side of the optical element (11), and the wavelength selective transmission device (12) reflects a plurality of lights having different wavelengths and transmits a plurality of other lights. Geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object having mirrors (12a, 12b, 12c) and having a configuration in which the mirrors (12a, 12b, 12c) are arranged so as to receive only the radiated light transmitted by the upper mirror. A device for detecting. 5. The object (10) from different fields of view
The same image optical element (11) from the object (10) via at least one deflecting element (15)
A plurality of transmission devices (12, 1) that guide the radiant light diverging into the
Device for detecting the geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object according to claim 4, characterized in that 6) is provided. 6. Device for detecting a geometrical arrangement of a three-dimensional object according to claim 5, characterized in that said deflection element (15) is a prism.