JPH07283649A - Antenna circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the antenna circuit which has a simple configuration and a high efficiency and is suitably made into an integrated circuit by arranging plural nonlinear elements in one slot radiator and feeding them by a slot line. CONSTITUTION:A conductor film 27 is stuck to one face of a semiconductor substrate 1 and has a part cut away to form a slot radiator 2 and a feeding slot line 3 which has one end part connected to one side end part of the center in the lengthwise direction of the radiator 2. At least a pair of nonlinear element diodes 4 and 4' are connected on both sides of the radiator 2 viewed from the connection part between both of slots 2 and 3 and between conductors on both sides in the breadthwise direction of the slot, which is formed in the breadthwise direction, across this slot. Length L of the radiator 2 is set to about (1/2)n or the intra-line wavelength of the frequency which is twice as high as the input signal frequency given through the slot line 3. Width W of the radiator 2 is made sufficiently shorter than the length L. Thus, the antenna is obtained which efficiently transmits only desired ultrahigh frequency signal components like secondary higher harmonics.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna device which converts a low frequency radio signal into a high frequency signal and radiates / transmits it, and in particular, it is formed on a dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate ( The present invention relates to a monolithic) active antenna device and an optically powered active antenna device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As means for efficiently radiating radio waves in the ultra high frequency band such as millimeter waves, it is necessary to directly generate an ultra high frequency in a semiconductor device such as a transistor oscillator.
In order to reduce the load on the semiconductor device and efficiently obtain an ultra-high frequency signal, there is a method in which a signal of a relatively low frequency is frequency-converted to a high frequency and then radiated.

In this method, it is necessary to suppress the fundamental wave (frequency component of the input signal) at the output end, and this object can be achieved by using a filter or the like. However, integration, particularly integration on a semiconductor substrate. If you are going to
It is generally difficult to integrate a high-performance filter, which makes it difficult to realize. Therefore, as a method of relaxing the requirements for the filter and allowing easy integration, as shown in FIG. 6, the anti-phase distributor 17, the non-linear elements 22 and 22 ′ for generating harmonics, and the in-phase combiner 23 are used. A balanced configuration consisting of is commonly adopted.

This is because when the microwave signal 21 is divided by the anti-phase distributor 17 into two signals of equal amplitude and opposite phase and input to the nonlinear elements 22 and 22 ', respectively, the input signal is output at the output terminals of the nonlinear elements. This is because the components remain in antiphase, but the second-order harmonics have the same phase, so that the in-phase combiner 23 cancels the input signal component and the second-order harmonics can be combined.

[0005]

However, in the conventional method as described above, the scale of the device configuration is large, and the higher the frequency is, the more the loss in the anti-phase distributor and the in-phase combiner is increased. There was a point. Therefore, for the purpose of avoiding the synthetic loss, as shown in FIG. 7, a configuration is devised in which the output of the in-phase synthesizer is directly connected to the radiators 24 and 24 ', and the fundamental wave is suppressed by synthesizing in space. ing.

However, in this configuration, since a plurality of radiators are required, the device scale becomes large, and the radiation direction in which the fundamental wave is suppressed is in a specific direction (a space area equidistant from each radiator). There was a problem that it only existed.

Further, since the oscillator and the radiator are directly coupled to each other, it is possible to easily radiate a sine wave signal, but it is applied to a configuration in which a signal modulated in an intermediate frequency band is frequency-converted and radiated. In that case, a plurality of in-phase combiners and the like are required as shown in FIG.

That is, the microwave signal 21 and the intermediate frequency band signal 25 are supplied to the anti-phase distributors 17 and 17 ', respectively.
Are divided into two signals of equal amplitude and opposite phase with each other, and after being combined in the in-phase combiners 23 and 23 ', the combined waves are input to the nonlinear elements 22 and 22'. Although the microwave signal 21 and the intermediate frequency band signal 25 remain in opposite phases, the sum and difference frequency components of these two signals have the same phase, so either one of them is filtered by the filter 26. After doing
This is because it is necessary to radiate the desired mixed component from the radiator 24.

However, as is clear from FIG. 8, the device configuration becomes more complicated and large in scale, and a filter is also required, which makes it difficult to miniaturize and integrate the device.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and can transmit only a desired super high frequency signal component such as a second harmonic with high efficiency without radiating an unnecessary wave such as a fundamental wave, and it is integrated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna device having a simple structure suitable for.

[0011]

According to the invention, the above mentioned objects are achieved by means of the patent claims.

That is, according to the first aspect of the invention, a conductor film is spread on one surface of a dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate, and a part of the conductor film is cut off to form a slot radiator and the slot. A feeder slot line having one end connected to it is formed at one side end of a substantially central portion of the radiator in the longitudinal direction, and it is seen from a connecting portion between the slot radiator and the feeder slot line. At least one non-linear element is connected between conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot radiator at positions on both sides of the slot radiator so as to straddle the slot in the width direction of the slot radiator. L) is approximately (1/1 / the wavelength of the line wavelength of twice the frequency of the input signal given through the feeding slot line).
2) An antenna circuit in which n (where n is a positive integer) is set, and the width (W) of the slot radiator is a value sufficiently smaller than the length L of the slot radiator.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the antenna circuit according to the first aspect, the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate portion has a substantial thickness of about ¼ of the wavelength of the radiation frequency, and the dielectric substrate or In this structure, a conductor film is spread on the surface of the semiconductor substrate opposite to the surface on which the slot radiator and the feeding slot line are provided, and this is used as a ground conductor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a conductor film is spread on one surface of a dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate, and a part of the conductor film is cut away to form a slot radiator and the slot radiator. To one side end of the substantially central part of the
A slot line for feeding is formed at one end of the slot radiator, and a slot in the width direction of the slot radiator is formed at positions on both sides of the slot radiator as viewed from the connection between the slot radiator and the slot slot for feeding. At least one non-linear element capable of detecting an optical signal and converting it into an electric signal is connected between the conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot so that the first input signal is fed from the feeding slot line. At the same time, the second input signal is input to the non-linear element as an optical signal such that, when converted, the non-linear elements facing each other with the feeding slot line interposed therebetween become electric signals having mutually opposite phases. And the length (L) of the slot radiator is approximately (1/2) n () of the in-line wavelength of the sum or difference frequency of the frequency of the first input signal and the frequency of the second input signal. However n is a positive integer), the slot radiators width (W) is an antenna circuit and a length sufficiently small becomes a value than the L of the slot radiators.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the antenna circuit according to the third aspect, the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate has a substantial thickness of about 1/4 of a wavelength of a radiation frequency, and the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate has a semiconductor substrate. A conductor film is spread on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the slot radiator and the feeding slot line are provided, and this is used as a ground conductor, which serves as an optical path to the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate or semiconductor substrate. A hole is provided and the second input signal is given as an optical signal from the ground conductor side to the non-linear element.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the antenna circuit according to the third aspect, the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate portion has a substantial thickness of about 1/4 of the wavelength of the radiation frequency, and the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate. A conductor film is spread on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the slot radiator and the feeding slot line are provided to form a ground conductor, and the ground conductor is provided with a hole to serve as an optical path. The body substrate or the semiconductor substrate is made of a material that transmits light, and the second input signal is applied as an optical signal to the nonlinear element from the ground conductor side.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the antenna circuit according to the first to fifth aspects, the conductor films on both ends in the longitudinal direction of the slot radiator have direct-current conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot radiator. A gap is provided to prevent electrical continuity, and the conductors on both sides of the gap are connected by a capacitor.

[0018]

In the antenna circuit according to the present invention, in the elongated slot formed on the conductor surface, the slot has an input signal frequency of 2 in the longitudinal direction (hereinafter also referred to as the long side).
A radiator having a length close to (1/2) n (n is a positive integer) in-line wavelength with respect to the doubled frequency is configured. When a balanced transmission line such as a slot line that feeds a signal is connected from one point on the long side of this slot radiator, the feed section is a series branch, so the long side direction of the slot radiator is seen from the feed section. On both sides, the fed signals are out of phase with each other.

Nonlinear elements are connected between the conductors in the width (hereinafter also referred to as short side) direction of the slot radiator on both sides in the long side direction of the slot radiator as seen from the power feeding section. Since signals of opposite phases are input, harmonics of the power supply signal frequency are generated. On both sides in the long side direction of the slot radiator as seen from the power feeding part,
Among the harmonics of the input signal frequency f1, the odd-order components are canceled because they remain in antiphase, but the even-order components have the same phase and are combined in the slot radiator.

Furthermore, the length L of the slot radiator in the long side direction
For the frequency twice the input signal frequency f1 (1 /
2) Since n (n is a positive integer) approximately equal to the in-line wavelength, only even harmonics of the input signal frequency can be efficiently radiated. In addition, since the level of harmonics generated by nonlinear elements decreases sharply as the order increases,
The fourth and subsequent harmonics are small enough to be ignored. Therefore, the antenna device capable of suppressing the emission of the unwanted wave such as the fundamental wave and radiating only the second harmonic can function as the radiator itself without the need for the anti-phase distribution circuit, the in-phase synthesis circuit, or the plurality of radiators. Because it can be realized with a very simple configuration that aggregates
Can be easily miniaturized and integrated.

According to another aspect of the antenna circuit of the present invention,
The substantial thickness of the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate portion is set to about 1/4 of the wavelength of the radiation frequency, and the opposite side of the surface of the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate on which the slot radiator and the feeding slot line are provided. Since a conductor film is spread on the surface of and the grounding conductor is used, the radiated wave is reflected by the grounding conductor and is efficiently radiated from the surface on which the slot radiator is provided. .

In the antenna circuit according to the present invention, the slot radiator is (1/2) n with respect to the sum or difference frequency of the first input signal frequency and the second input signal frequency in the long side direction. (N is a positive integer) has a length near the wavelength in the line, and at least a part of the nonlinear element has a wavelength λ.
It is formed of a substance capable of detecting one or more lights.

In addition to the first input signal (frequency f1) fed by the slot line, the second input signal (frequency f2) is converted into an optical signal having a wavelength λ1 or more, which is the number corresponding to the number of nonlinear elements. Input to each of the plurality of nonlinear elements. At this time, the optical signals are converted into a plurality of optical signals that become electric signals having mutually opposite phases when detected by the nonlinear elements located on both sides with respect to the long side direction of the slot.

The first input signal component (frequency f1) to be fed and the second input signal component (frequency f2) generated by photodetection are opposite on both sides in the long side direction of the slot radiator as viewed from the feeding section. Since they are in phase, they are canceled out. On the other hand, among the frequency mixing components of the first input signal and the second input signal generated by the non-linear characteristics of the plurality of non-linear elements, f1 + f2, | f1-f2 | etc. have the same phase and are combined in the slot radiator. It

Assuming that the length of the slot radiator in the long side direction is, for example, about 1 / 2n (n is a positive integer) in-line wavelength with respect to the signal frequency component f1 + f2, the frequency component f1
The signal of only + f2 can be efficiently radiated.
Therefore, the antenna device that can radiate only the desired frequency mixed component does not require a plurality of anti-phase distribution circuits, a plurality of in-phase combining circuits, a high-performance filter, etc. Since it can be realized with a simple configuration,
Can be easily miniaturized and integrated.

Furthermore, if the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate forming the present antenna circuit is made of a material that transmits light having a wavelength of λ1 or more, an optical signal can be input from the back surface of the substrate. The device can be configured without disposing an optical fiber, a lens, etc. on the radiation surface.
Therefore, in such a structure, since there is no obstacle on the radiation surface, the radiation pattern is not affected.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an antenna circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this antenna circuit, in the conductor film 27 formed on the dielectric or the semiconductor substrate 1, the long side direction is (1/2) n with respect to the frequency twice the input signal angular frequency ω.
(N is a positive integer) A slot radiator 2 having a width W (W << L) in the vicinity of the in-line wavelength (length L) and in which the short side direction is significantly shorter than the long side direction is formed. 3, the slot radiator 2 is configured to supply power from the central portion in the longitudinal direction.

Further, the diodes 4 and 4'having substantially the same non-linear characteristic are arranged between the conductors in the slot short side direction at positions symmetrical to each other in the longitudinal direction of the slot radiator 2 when viewed from the feeding portion. It is connected so as to have locality. Looking at the direction of the electric field in the slot radiator 2 shown in FIG. 1, the electric field of the input signal frequency component (angular frequency ω) shows that the feeding part forms a series T branch of the slot line. Obviously, the opposite sides of the slot radiator are in opposite phase.

On the other hand, they have substantially the same nonlinear characteristics,
A harmonic component of the input signal frequency is generated in the diodes 4 and 4'which are connected so as to have the same locality between the conductors in the slot short side direction at symmetrical positions on both sides of the slot radiator 2. Here, the frequency component (angular frequency ω) of the power supply signal 5 input to the diodes 4 and 4 ′ is Pin = Asin (ωt) (input to the diode 4) and Pin ′ = Asin (ωt + π) ... (Diode 4 ′) (A is the amplitude of each signal), the signal components generated in the diodes 4 and 4 ′ that are substantially the same are: Pout = Bsin (ωt) + Csin (2ωt) + Dsin
(3ωt) + (output of diode 4) Pout ′ = Bsin (ωt + π) + Csin (2ωt) + D
sin (3ωt + π) + (output of diode 4 ') (B is the amplitude of the signal component ω, C is the amplitude of the signal component 2ω, D
Is the amplitude of the signal component 3ω).

Therefore, on both sides of the slot radiator as seen from the feeding section, components of odd multiples of the input signal frequency ω are canceled out because they remain in antiphase and equal amplitude, but are not radiated.
Since even-numbered components have the same phase, they are combined in the slot radiator 2. Here, since the level of harmonics generated in the non-linear element sharply decreases as the order increases, the terms of the fourth and subsequent orders become negligible, and the slot radiator 2 has the input signal angular frequency in the long side direction. Since it has a length around (1/2) n (n is a positive integer) in-line wavelength with respect to twice the frequency of ω, only the second harmonic can be emitted.

Therefore, a device capable of suppressing the emission of unnecessary waves such as the fundamental wave and radiating only the second harmonic is provided with an antiphase distribution circuit,
Since it can be realized with a very simple configuration in which the radiator itself has the functions integrated without the need for an in-phase combining circuit or a plurality of radiators, it can be easily miniaturized and integrated. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the metal conductor is partially peeled off, short-circuited by the capacitors 6 and 6'in terms of high frequency, and separated in terms of direct current to affect the radiation characteristics. Instead, a DC bias can be applied to the diode.

Further, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
These elements are, for example, Schottky barrier diodes 8 and 8'as diodes and MIM as capacitors.
By using the (Metal-Insulator-Metal) capacitors 9 and 9 ', they can be easily integrated on the semiconductor substrate. Therefore, the oscillator 10 and the amplifier 1
1. It can be easily integrated with other microwave circuits such as a phase shifter. In order to facilitate connection with other microwave circuits and prevent unnecessary electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic coupling, it is possible to provide a coplanar-slot converter using the air bridge 12 or the like in the power feeding slot line.

In each of the above embodiments, the conductor film is provided on only one surface of the dielectric or semiconductor substrate. However, the conductor films are spread on both surfaces of the dielectric material or the semiconductor substrate, and one of them is used as a ground conductor. According to the invention of claim 2, the thickness of the dielectric or semiconductor substrate (when the substrate is composed of a plurality of substrates, the total thickness thereof) is set to about 1/4 of the wavelength of the radiation frequency, and the same configuration is adopted. It goes without saying that an antenna can be realized.

4 and 5 are views showing an antenna circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 4 and 5 show perspective views with the slot radiator 2 on the upper side and the lower side, respectively. This antenna circuit has a length L in the long side direction and a width L in the short side direction larger than the long side direction of a conductor surface formed on a dielectric or a semiconductor substrate 1 ′ formed of a substance that transmits light having a wavelength of λ1 or more. A slot radiator 2 having a short width W (W << L) is formed in the slot radiator 2, and power is fed from a center point in the long side direction of the slot radiator 2 by a feeding slot line 3.

Further, photodiodes 14 and 14 'having substantially the same non-linear characteristic and having at least one or more light absorption layers capable of detecting light having a wavelength of λ1 or more,
The conductors in the slot short-side direction at positions symmetrical to each other in the long-side direction of the slot radiator 2 as viewed from the feeding portion are connected so as to have the same locality.

Avalanche photodiodes are preferably used as the photodiodes 14 and 14 '. This also applies to the photodiodes described below.

The structure up to this point is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, photodiodes 14 and 14 'are formed on a part of the ground conductor 15 on the back surface of the substrate. In order to input light to the window, windows 16 and 16 'are formed by removing the conductors in a circular shape.

Further, the reverse phase distributor 17 and the electric / optical converter 1
8, 18 ', optical transmission medium 19, 19', optical lens 2
A signal 21 (angular frequency ω2) which is different from the feeding signal 5 '(angular frequency ω1) which is provided by the slot line 3 and is supplied to the photodiodes 14 and 14' by the optical signal of wavelength λ1 or more. Input from the back surface of the dielectric or semiconductor substrate 1 '. This optical signal passes through the optical path indicated by the dashed arrow in the figure and the photodiode 1
Reach 4,14 '.

At this time, the above-mentioned optical signals are input to the electric / optical converters 18 and 18 'in anti-phase by the anti-phase distributor 17 at the stage of electric signals, and two optical signals (optical carrier) having a wavelength of λ1 or more (optical carrier Relative phase 0 and π) in the subcarrier stage of the electrical signal for the photodiodes through the optical transmission mediums 19 and 19 ', the optical lenses 20 and 20', and the conductor-free windows 16 and 16 '. 1
4 and 14 '.

Here, the signal 5 '(angular frequency .omega.1) input to the photodiodes 14 and 14' as an electric signal by the power feeding slot line 3 is PEin = Asin (.omega.1t) ... Like the first embodiment. (Photodiode 14
To PEin '= Asin (ω1t + π) (input to photodiode 14') (A is the amplitude of each signal).

On the other hand, the signal 21 input by the optical signal
(Angular frequency ω2) is POin = PO [1 + m sin (ω2t)] (input to the photodiode 14) and POin ′ = PO [1 + m sin (ω2t + π)] ......
(Input to the photodiode 14 ') (where PO is the average light intensity and m is the modulation index), the electric signals detected by the photodiodes 14 and 14' having substantially the same photodetection characteristics are Pdet = Gsin (Ω2t) (photodiode 14
Detection signal) and Pdet '= Gsin (ω2t + π) (detection signal of photodiode 14') (G is the amplitude of each signal).

Therefore, the frequency component generated in the photodiodes 14 and 14 'having substantially the same non-linear characteristic is Pout = Bsin (ω1t) + Csin (ω2t) + Dsin
(Ω1 + ω2) t + Esin (ω1-ω2) t (output of the photodiode 14) Pout ′ = Bsin (ω1t + π) + Csin (ω2t + π) +
Dsin (ω1 + ω2) t + 2π] + Esin (ω1-ω2)
t (output of the photodiode 14 ') (B is the amplitude of the signal component ω1, C is the amplitude of the signal component ω2,
D is the amplitude of the signal component ω1 + ω2, E is the signal component ω1-ω
2).

Therefore, the slot radiator 2 is seen from the power feeding portion.
On both sides of, the input signal frequencies ω1 and ω2 components, etc. remain in antiphase and therefore are not emitted, but their sum (ω1 + ω2) and difference (ω1-ω2) components, etc. It becomes the same phase and is synthesized. here,
For example, assuming that the length L of the slot radiator 2 in the long side direction is around (1/2) n (n is a positive integer) in-line wavelength with respect to the angular frequency (ω1 + ω2), only the sum component (ω1 + ω2) is efficient. Can be emitted to.

Further, since the optical signal is input from the surface opposite to the radiation surface, the radiation pattern is not disturbed by the optical lens or the like. Therefore, a device that can radiate only a desired frequency mixed component can be realized with a very simple configuration in which the radiator itself has integrated functions without requiring a plurality of in-phase combining circuits or high-performance filters. Can be miniaturized and integrated. Since one of the signals is inputted by the optical signal, the isolation between the signal input terminals is guaranteed without any problem.

Further, these elements can be easily integrated on the semiconductor substrate as in the first embodiment. Here, InP is used as the semiconductor substrate and an InGaAs layer is used as the light absorption layer of the photodiode, and the wavelength of the optical signal is, for example, 1.3.
μm, this optical signal is transmitted through the InP substrate and
Since it is absorbed by the GaAs layer, it is possible to input from the back surface as shown in FIG. Further, like the first embodiment, it can be integrated with other microwave circuits such as an oscillator, an amplifier and a phase shifter.

In the above description of the first to fourth embodiments, the spreading of the conductor film on the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate is not mentioned in particular, but this is not required to be special. Not traditionally used, gold,
It can be easily realized by adhering a thin plate of metal such as silver, copper, aluminum, etc., by pressure bonding, or by adhering it by a method such as vapor deposition.

Further, although the element shape of the slot radiator is shown as a rectangular shape having four corners at right angles, it is not limited to this, and one having R at each corner portion and a curved end portion in the longitudinal direction. It may have a shape such as. Further, the power feeding slot line is not limited to the rectangular one as illustrated in the drawings of the respective embodiments, but may have any shape.

[0048]

As described in detail above, according to the antenna circuit of the present invention, a plurality of non-linear elements are arranged in one slot radiator, and power is fed to the non-linear elements by slot lines such as slot lines. Required in the conventional configuration,
In addition to the anti-phase distribution function, frequency multiplication or conversion function (non-linear element), in-phase synthesis function, the filter function is also integrated in the radiator itself, and it is possible to radiate unnecessary waves such as the fundamental wave of the power supply signal. It is possible to suppress and radiate only a desired high frequency signal such as a second harmonic.

Furthermore, an apparatus having a photodetecting function is used as a nonlinear element which is a constituent element of the present invention, and a signal different from the power feeding signal is input by an optical signal to emit only a desired mixed frequency component. Can be realized with a very simple configuration (without requiring a plurality of power combining circuits and a high-performance filter, which are indispensable in the conventional method of supplying power only by an electric signal).

Since this antenna circuit has a plurality of functions integrated in the radiator itself, it can be easily miniaturized,
Further, since it can be integrated on a semiconductor substrate, it can contribute to downsizing, high functionality, and cost reduction of the wireless transmission device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a side where a slot radiator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention exists.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a ground conductor side according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first example of a conventional antenna configuration.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second example of a conventional antenna configuration.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third example of a conventional antenna configuration.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Dielectric or Semiconductor Substrate 2 Slot Radiator 3 Feed Slot Line 4, 4'Diode 5 Feed Signal 6,6 'Capacitor 7 Wire 8, 8' Schottky Barrier Diode 9, 9 'MIM Capacitor 10 Oscillator 11 Amplifier 12 Air Bridge 13 Coplanar line 14, 14 'Photodiode 15 Conductor on backside of substrate 16 Optical input window in backside conductor of substrate 17, 17' Reverse-phase distributor 18, 18 'Electric / optical converter 19, 19' Optical transmission medium 20, 20 'Optical lens 21 Microwave signal source 22, 22' Non-linear element 23, 23 'In-phase combiner 24, 24' Radiator 25 Intermediate frequency band signal 26 Filter 27 Conductor film

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate on one side,
By spreading the conductor film and notching a part of the conductor film, one of the slot radiator (2) and one of the side ends of substantially the central portion of the slot radiator in the longitudinal direction is provided. Positions on both sides of the slot radiator (2) viewed from the connection between the slot radiator (2) and the power feeding slot line (3) while forming a feeding slot line (3) to which the ends are connected. To
At least one nonlinear element is connected between conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot radiator (2) so as to straddle the slots in the width direction of the slot radiator (2), and the length (L) of the slot radiator (2) is , 2 of the input signal frequency given through the feeding slot line (3)
Almost (1/2) n (however n
Is a positive integer), and the width (W) of the slot radiator (2) is set to a value sufficiently smaller than the length L of the slot radiator. 2. A dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate portion has a substantial thickness of about 1/4 of a wavelength of a radiation frequency, and a slot radiator and a feeding slot line of the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate are provided. The antenna circuit according to claim 1, wherein a conductor film is spread on the surface opposite to the ground surface, and this is used as a ground conductor. 3. One side of a dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate,
By spreading the conductor film and notching a part of the conductor film, one of the slot radiator (2) and one of the side ends of substantially the central portion of the slot radiator in the longitudinal direction is provided. Positions on both sides of the slot radiator (2) viewed from the connection between the slot radiator (2) and the power feeding slot line (3) while forming a feeding slot line (3) to which the ends are connected. To
At least one non-linear element capable of detecting an optical signal and converting it into an electric signal is connected between conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot radiator (2) so as to straddle the slot in the width direction. Input signal from the power feeding slot line (3), and when the second input signal is converted, the nonlinear elements facing each other across the power feeding slot line (3) are electrically opposite in phase. As an optical signal that becomes a signal,
The length (L) of the slot radiator (2) is configured to be input to a non-linear element, and the length (L) of the slot radiator (2) is the in-line wavelength of the sum or difference frequency of the first input signal frequency and the second input signal frequency. Of (1/2) n (where n is a positive integer), and the width (W) of the slot radiator (2) is sufficiently smaller than the length L of the slot radiator. Antenna circuit characterized by. 4. The dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate portion has a substantial thickness of about 1/4 of a wavelength of a radiation frequency, and a slot radiator and a feeding slot line of the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate are provided. The conductor film is spread on the surface opposite to the ground surface to form the ground conductor, and the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate or semiconductor substrate are provided with holes to serve as an optical path, and the second input signal is used as an optical signal. The antenna circuit according to claim 3, wherein the non-linear element is provided from the ground conductor side. 5. The dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate portion has a substantial thickness of about 1/4 of the wavelength of the radiation frequency, and the slot radiator and the feeding slot line of the dielectric substrate or the semiconductor substrate are provided. A conductive film is spread on the surface opposite to the surface to form a ground conductor, and a hole serving as an optical path is formed in the ground conductor, and a dielectric substrate or a semiconductor substrate made of a material that transmits light is used. The antenna circuit according to claim 3, wherein the second input signal is applied as an optical signal to the nonlinear element from the ground conductor side. 6. A slot radiator (2) is provided with a gap at both ends in the longitudinal direction so that conductors on both sides in the width direction of the slot radiator (2) are not electrically connected to each other in a direct current manner, and a gap between them. The antenna circuit according to claim 1, wherein the conductors on both sides of the antenna are connected by a capacitor.