JPH07280030A - Vibratory energy consuming mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To expand the amplitude range where the function of the visco-elastic body can be demonstrated, and further increase the resistant force. CONSTITUTION:A vibratory energy consuming mechanism holds the visco-elastic body M in the clearance between opposite plates 11, 12, and takes advantage of the resistant force of the visco-elastic body to be generated in association with the relative amplitude operation of the plates, and a rotary member 15 which is rotatable in association with the relative amplitude operation of the plates is interposed in the visco-elastic body M.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration energy consumption mechanism using a viscoelastic body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vibration energy consumption mechanism using a conventional viscoelastic body is shown in the figure. FIG. 13 shows a vibration energy consumption mechanism installed in a frame structure, (a) is a front view, and (b) is (a).
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. The vibration energy consuming mechanism is configured by causing a flat plate-shaped first plate 11 and a second plate 12 to face each other with a gap, and sandwiching a viscoelastic body M in the gap. It is installed between the opposing horizontal members 2 which are provided in a multi-tiered manner between the two. That is, the first plate 11 is fixed to the upper lateral member 2a, and the second plate 12 is fixed to the lower lateral member 2b via the bolt 13. Here, the viscoelastic body M sandwiched between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is generally small in a soft material having low viscosity and large in a hard material having high viscosity in the resistance force to the same amplitude value. In the limit amplitude value (which is the limit value of the amplitude that fulfills the function of the viscoelastic body M, and the viscoelastic body M loses its function due to cutting or the like if it exceeds this limit value), it is large in a soft material,
Hard materials have the property of being small. And
When vibration having an amplitude value V ₀ is applied to the structure in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. 14, the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 have a relative amplitude value along the horizontal direction. Since the amplitude operation matches V ₀ , the vibration energy is consumed through the resistance force caused by the shear deformation of the viscoelastic body M generated at this time, and the vibration is reduced.

[0003]

In the conventional vibration energy consumption mechanism, when the vibration amplitude increases, the viscoelastic body M is cut and loses its function as described above, so that a large resistance force is exerted. There is a problem that the hard viscoelastic body M that it has cannot be used. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration energy consuming mechanism capable of expanding the amplitude range in which the function of the viscoelastic body is exhibited and further increasing the resistance force.

[0004]

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration energy consuming mechanism, wherein a viscoelastic body is sandwiched between opposing plates and the resistance of the viscoelastic body is generated by relative amplitude operation of the plates. In a vibration energy consuming mechanism that utilizes force, a rotating member that is rotatable in accordance with relative amplitude operation of the plate is interposed in the viscoelastic body. A vibration energy consuming mechanism according to a second aspect is the rotating member according to the first aspect, which includes a round bar, a sphere,
Alternatively, at least one kind of coil is used. The vibration energy consumption mechanism of claim 3 is the vibration energy consumption mechanism of claim 1 or claim 2.
In the vibration energy consumption mechanism, the magnet is inserted in the gap between the plates facing each other.

[0005]

In the vibration energy consumption mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, the rotating member such as a round bar, a sphere, or a coil interposed in the viscoelastic body is rotated by the relative amplitude operation of the plate,
Since the viscoelastic body attached to the rotating member is disturbed and deformed, the resistance force can be increased, and cutting of the viscoelastic body can be suppressed by appropriately setting the interval between the rotating members. According to another aspect of the vibration energy consumption mechanism of the present invention, when the plates are operated with relative amplitude, the magnets slide to generate a frictional resistance force, and also when a load acts in a direction in which the plates are separated from each other, the attraction force of the magnets causes the plates to interact with each other. Since the gap is maintained, the viscoelastic body is prevented from peeling from the plate.

[0006]

【Example】

(First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a vibration energy consumption mechanism (hereinafter, referred to as a consumption mechanism) of a type that utilizes the resistance force of a viscoelastic body, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (a). 13C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 13A, except that the rotating member 15 is interposed in the viscoelastic body M, and FIG.
It is similar to the conventional consumption mechanism shown in. That is, the first plate 11
A viscoelastic body M is sandwiched in a gap d between the second plate 12 and the second plate 12, and a gap d is formed in the viscoelastic body M as a rotating member that can rotate in accordance with relative amplitude operation of the plates 11 and 12. A large number of round bars 15 (15a) having the same outer diameter are interposed at an appropriate interval p. Then, the consumption mechanism is installed by fixing the first plate 11 to the upper lateral member 2a, while fixing the second plate 12 to the lower lateral member 2b via bolts 13. A stop piece 16 is attached to the lower end side of the inner surface of the first plate 11, and due to the difference in specific gravity between the round bar 15a and the viscoelastic body M, for example, the round bar 15a has a higher specific gravity than the viscoelastic body M. When it is large, it prevents it from settling out and separating from the plates 11 and 12. Therefore, the stop piece 16 is attached mainly when the consumption mechanism is installed in the vertical direction such as between the lateral members 2 and 2 in FIG.
In the case where a material having the same specific gravity as that described above is used or the consumption mechanism is installed horizontally, for example, between the beam members 4 arranged in parallel on the fulcrum 3 as shown in the plan view of FIG. Is not always necessary. As the viscoelastic body M, for example, asphalt containing an organic polymer or the like is used. Figure 3
Represents the mechanical characteristics of the viscoelastic body M, and the horizontal axis represents the amplitude V (or velocity S, which is also the amount of shear deformation of the viscoelastic body) acting on the viscoelastic body M. . In the same structure, the amplitude V and the velocity S are in a proportional relationship, so that they mean the same. The vertical axis represents the resistance force f per unit area. As is clear from FIG. 3, the mechanical characteristics of the viscoelastic body M differ depending on the type, and in general, a hard material M ₁ having a high viscosity has a large resistance gradient and a high resistance force even with a small amplitude V. Although f can be obtained, the limit amplitude value V _C1 at which the viscoelastic body is cut at a large amplitude V and the resistance force abruptly decreases and the function is lost is small. On the other hand, the soft material M _{2 having} a low viscosity has a small resistance gradient and a lower resistance force f is obtained as compared with the hard material M ₁ for the same amplitude value, but it can withstand a large amplitude V. The limit amplitude value V _C2 has a property of being large.

As shown in the operation diagram of FIG. 4, the consumption mechanism having the above-described structure follows the horizontal vibration when the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 perform relative amplitude operation. Then, the viscoelastic body M is sheared and deformed, and the round bar 15a is reciprocally rotated. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of measuring the resistance force f of the consumption mechanism. The gap d between the plates 11 and 12 is 6 m.
In the gap d, A includes seven round bars 15a having an outer diameter of 6 mm at intervals p of 12 mm, B includes four bars at intervals of 24 mm, and D represents a circle as a comparative example. Stick 15a
The results are shown for the case without intervening. The horizontal axis is the shear rate ratio (the ratio of the plate speed S to the gap d, S
/ D), and the vertical axis represents the resistance force f per unit area on a logarithmic scale. The speed S of the plates is
The amplitude cycle of 2 is set variously by changing its amplitude V under the condition of constant (for example, 1 Hz). Therefore, since the shear rate ratio S / d on the horizontal axis has a proportional relationship with the amplitude V, it also indicates the amplitude V. The measurement result shows that the resistance force f increases in the order of D, B, A, that is, the resistance force f increases by interposing the round bar 15a, and the resistance force increases as the number of round bars 15a increases. It shows that f increases. Although the reason for this is not clear, when the plates 11 and 12 perform an amplitude operation, the viscoelastic body M undergoes shear deformation, and the round bar 15a rotates to cause the round bar 1 to rotate.
Since the viscoelastic body M attached to the outer surface of 5a is disturbed and deformed, it is estimated that the resistance force f as a whole is increased. Therefore, the resistance f is increased by interposing the round bar 15a in the viscoelastic body M, and as a result, the vibration reducing performance is improved. In addition, in the cases of B and D, when the shear rate ratio became large, the viscoelastic body M was cut and the resistance force f was drastically reduced, but in the case of A, it was not cut within the measured shear rate ratio range. , And the resistance force f hardly decreased. Regarding the reason for the presence or absence of cutting of the viscoelastic body M, in the case of D, the viscoelastic body M was cut because it exceeded the limit amplitude value. On the other hand, although the reason why the cutting did not occur in the case of A is not clear, when observing the cutting state of the viscoelastic body M in the case of B, the cutting occurs near the intermediate position between the adjacent round bars 15a. Since it does not occur in the vicinity of the round bar 15a, it is considered that the existence of the round bar 15a and its interval p contribute to some extent to the cutting suppression of the viscoelastic body M. Thus, by performing the measurement test or the like according to the type of the viscoelastic body M and determining the appropriate interval p between the round bars 15a, the shear rate ratio at which the viscoelastic body M exerts its function without being cut. The range of (or amplitude) can be expanded. Therefore, compared to the conventional case,
A hard material having high viscosity can be used as the viscoelastic body M, and the vibration reducing performance is improved.

The rotating member 15 may be any member that can rotate in accordance with the relative amplitude operation of the plate, and a round bar, a sphere, a coil or the like can be used, and these rotating members 15 can be used. It is also possible to use various combinations. The consumption mechanism shown in the partially cutaway perspective view of FIG. 6 is a coil having the same outer diameter as the gap d in the viscoelastic body M sandwiched in the gap d between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. A large number of 15 (15b) are linearly interposed. Here, the coil 15b may be interposed independently, but in the present example, in order to prevent the coil 15b from being deformed during rotation, a straight rod-shaped core material 17 having high rigidity is fitted inside the coil 15b. . As shown in the operation diagram of FIG. 7, the consumption mechanism includes a first plate 11
When the second plate 12 and the second plate 12 perform relative amplitude operation, the viscoelastic body M is deformed following this and the coil 15b reciprocally rotates. The effect of increasing the resistance by the coil 15b is shown in FIG. 5C. That is,
C in FIG. 5 is the result when the gap d between the plates 11 and 12 is set to 6 mm, and seven coils 15 b having an outer diameter of 6 mm are interposed in this gap d at intervals p of 12 mm (note that the core material 17 is The outer diameter is 2 mm), and comparing with the case of A and D described above, the resistance force f increases in the order of D, A, and C, that is, the resistance force f is increased by interposing the coil 15b. It shows that the resistance force f is increased and the resistance force f is higher than that in the case of the round bar 15a (A in FIG. 5). Although the reason for this is not clear, when the plates 11 and 12 perform an amplitude operation, the viscoelastic body M undergoes shear deformation, and the coil 15b rotates to adhere to the inner surface as well as the outer surface of the coil 15b. Since M is disturbed and deformed, it is estimated that the resistance force f as a whole is further increased as compared with the case of the round bar 15a. Therefore, the resistance f is increased by interposing the coil 15b in the viscoelastic body M, and as a result, the vibration reducing performance is improved. Further, in the case of C, as in the case of A, the viscoelastic body M was not cut and the resistance force f was hardly reduced within the measured shear rate ratio range. Therefore, A
As in the case of the round bar 15a, it is considered that the presence of the coil 15b and the interval p between them contribute to the cutting suppression of the viscoelastic body M. Therefore, depending on the type of the viscoelastic body M, By appropriately setting the spacing p between the coils 15b, the range of the shear rate ratio (or amplitude) at which the viscoelastic body M exerts its function can be expanded without cutting, and the viscosity of the viscoelastic body M can be expanded. High hardness material can be used.

The coil 15b may be arranged at any position, for example,
It is also possible to interpose it in a ring shape, a spiral shape or the like. The consumption mechanism shown in the schematic view of FIG. 8 is a viscoelastic body M in which a coil 15b having the same outer diameter as the gap d between the plates 11 and 12 is spirally interposed, and another type of rotation is used. As a member
A large number of spheres 15 (15c) having the same outer diameter as the gap d are scattered at appropriate positions. For this reason, when the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 perform relative amplitude operation, in addition to the increase in the resistance force f due to the rotation of the spherical body 15c, the coil 15b is slightly twisted and rotated, and the viscoelasticity attached thereto is added. Since the body M is disturbed and deformed, the resistance force f as a whole can be increased. Particularly, when the coil 15b is arranged in a spiral shape or an annular shape, or in the case of a spherical body 15c, unlike the case of a round bar or the like, there is no direction of rotation, so the vibration directions of the plates 11 and 12 are multidirectional. It is possible to sufficiently deal with cases such as when Since the sphere 15c is interposed, the sphere 1
5c can suppress the deformation of the coil 15b during rotation. As in the case of the round bar or the like, cutting of the viscoelastic body M did not occur by appropriately setting the spiral interval of the coil 15b and the interval of the spherical body 15c.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a consumption mechanism according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 1 (b) except that a permanent magnet 18 is inserted between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. ) Is the same as the consumption mechanism shown in FIG. That is, the permanent magnet 18 is a strong magnet whose main raw material is rare earth or the like, has the same thickness as the gap d between the plates 11 and 12, and is fixed to the inner surface of the first plate 11 by adhesion or the like. Cage, second
The plate 12 is inserted and installed in a suction state by its suction force. Here, the permanent magnet 18 is not directly fixed to one of the plates 11 and 12, but is attracted by both of the plates 1 and 12.
It may be inserted and installed in a suction state with respect to 1 and 12. As shown in the operation diagram of FIG.
In addition to the effect of increasing the resistance force due to the rotation of the round bar 15a during the amplitude operation of Nos. 1 and 12, the permanent magnet 18 slides to generate a frictional resistance force, so that the amount of vibration energy consumption is increased and the vibration reduction performance is improved. . In addition, even when the load P acts in a direction in which the plates 11 and 12 are separated from each other, the attraction force of the permanent magnet 18 can maintain the gap d between the plates 11 and 12, and the viscoelastic body M can move the plates 11 and 12. Can be prevented from peeling off.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows a consumption mechanism according to a third embodiment, (a) is a front view, (b) is a B of (a).
-B line arrow view, (c) is CC sectional view taken on the line of (a). This consumption mechanism uses the resistance force of the viscoelastic body M and has a configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 1, but the installation method for the structure is different. That is, the upper lateral member 2a provided laterally on the pillar 1 and the lower lateral member 2b below the upper lateral member 2a.
A pair of a first shaft 11a and a second shaft 12a are attached to the first plate 11 at appropriate intervals, and the first plate 11 has holes (not shown) formed at respective corners of the upper end and the lower end of the first plate 11a. The second plate 12 is rotatably attached by being fitted with play to the second plate 12 and has holes (not shown) formed at the upper and lower ends of the second plate 12 with respect to the other second shaft 12a. It is rotatably attached by fitting with play.
For this reason, in the consumption mechanism, as shown in the operation diagram of FIG. 12, when the vibration of the amplitude V ₀ is applied to the structure in the horizontal direction, the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are respectively 1 An angle θ about the pair of the first support shaft 11a and the second support shaft 12a
Thus, it is reciprocally rotationally displaced, and an amplitude operation is performed along a direction (direction parallel to the column 1) relatively orthogonal to the vibration direction. When the amplitude operation amount is b, the angle θ,
The distance L between the first support shaft 11a and the second support shaft 12a and the vertical distance h between each pair of support shafts 11a and 12a are approximately tan θ = b / L. Therefore, the amplitude operation amount b is b = L / h · V ₀ or b = β
_Represented as V ₀ (where β is the amplitude conversion factor, defined as the ratio of L to h, β = L / h).
Therefore, the amplitude actuation amount b in this consumption mechanism can be arbitrarily set by appropriately selecting the conversion coefficient β regardless of the value of the amplitude value V ₀ to be added. In this respect, the first embodiment has been described. It is different from the consumption mechanism.
In other configurations, as in the case of the first embodiment, the viscoelastic body M is sandwiched in the gap d between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, and the plate 11 is placed in the viscoelastic body M. 15a as a rotating member that can rotate with the relative amplitude operation of
Are intervened at an appropriate interval p in the direction orthogonal to the amplitude direction. However, in this example, since the round bar 15a is made of a material smaller than the specific gravity of the viscoelastic body M, a stop piece for preventing the round bar 15a from rising is provided on the inner surface of the first plate 11. 16 is attached. Therefore, the round bar 15
Since the action and effect by the intervention of a are the same as those described in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted, but the function of increasing the resistance and suppressing the cutting of the viscoelastic body M is fulfilled.

[0012]

According to the vibration energy consuming mechanism of the present invention, the resistance can be increased by interposing the rotating member in the viscoelastic body or by inserting the magnet into the gap between the plates, and the rotating member can be increased. By appropriately setting the interval, the amplitude range in which the viscoelastic body can exert its function can be expanded without being cut, so that the vibration reduction performance is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a consumption mechanism according to a first embodiment, (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (a), and (c) is CC of (a). FIG.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another consumption mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of a viscoelastic body.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the consumption mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a graph in which the resistance force of the consumption mechanism is measured.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another consumption mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the consumption mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another consumption mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a consumption mechanism according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the consumption mechanism.

FIG. 11 shows a consumption mechanism according to a third embodiment, (a) is a front view, (b) is a view taken along the line BB of (a), and (c) is a line taken along line CC of (a). FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing the operation of the consumption mechanism.

FIG. 13 shows a conventional consumption mechanism, (a) is a front view,
(B) is a BB line arrow view of (a).

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an operation of a consumption mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 1st plate 11a 1st support shaft 12 2nd plate 12a 2nd support shaft 15 Rotating member 15a Round bar 15b Coil 15c Sphere 18 Permanent magnet M Viscoelastic body

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vibration energy consumption mechanism comprising a viscoelastic body sandwiched between opposing plates and utilizing a resistance force of the viscoelastic body generated by relative amplitude operation of the plates. A vibration energy consuming mechanism, characterized in that a rotating member which is rotatable in accordance with relative amplitude operation of the plate is interposed in an elastic body. 2. The rotating member is at least one of a round bar, a sphere, and a coil, and is used.
Vibration energy consumption mechanism. 3. The vibration energy consuming mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a magnet is inserted in a gap between the plates facing each other.