JPH07279197A - Bucket device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dispense with a sub-winch and its operation, ensure the capacity of the winding drum of the main winch so as to be conformable to high depth underground excavation, and allow an operator to devote itself to the main winch and safety consideration. CONSTITUTION:A lid 11 on the bottom surface of a vessel type bucket 10 is opened and closed by use of a hydraulic cylinder 21 and a chain 22, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is vertically arranged on the side surface of the bucket 11. A chain sprocket 23 is rotatably mounted on the top end of a piston, and one end of the chain 22 is fixed to the working end of the double hinged lid 11. The other end of the chain 22 is fixed to the side surface of the bucket 10, the hydraulic unit 30 of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is arranged on the side surface of the bucket 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket device suitable for application to a device for removing and transporting earth and sand by a bucket during underground excavation work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in underground excavation work, 20
It is constructed by hoisting earth and sand with a depth of about 30 meters with a bucket. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the lifting crane generally uses 60 to 80 tons, and the hoisting winch of the crane usually has a wire bucket structure. That is, the hoisting winch is equipped with a main winch for hanging the bucket and a sub winch for opening and closing the lid of the bucket using a wire. If the main winch uses a pulley structure, the winch drum capacity can be lifted at a depth of 30 meters and about 40 tons. For example, excavation depth is 30 meters, crane boom length is 16 meters, boom to ground length is 1 meter, total length is 59 meters. Using wires of about 18 to 22 mm is the winding limit of such main winch drums. Since the winch chamber also requires a sub winch, it is difficult to secure the volume of the main winch.

However, recently, the excavation depth has been increased to about 50 meters or more, and the required diameter and volume of the winch drum have been greatly expanded, which makes it difficult for a conventional crane to immediately cope with the problem.

In the conventional structure in which the conventional bucket lid is opened and closed with a wire, the sub winch must be used to open and close the lid, and the main winch must vertically move the bucket position and adjust the wire of the sub winch. Both the winch and the sub winch must be operated at the same time, and attention must be paid to occupational safety as well, so the operator's concentration of work becomes excessive, which makes continuous work difficult and As a result, the utilization rate is decreasing in the future.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention uses a hydraulic drive structure instead of a wire structure for opening and closing the lid of a bucket, thereby eliminating the need for a sub winch and its operation, and making a winding drum for the main winch. The main purpose is to propose a bucket device that allows the operator to concentrate on the main winch and safety consideration so that the volume can be secured and it is possible to cope with deep underground excavation.

The present invention also proposes a bucket device improved so that the bucket direction is not directly changed by the free rotation of the hook because the bucket is directly hung on the hook of the crane using the wire. The second purpose is to do so.

A third object of the present invention is to propose a bucket device provided with a safety device for preventing the opening of the lid due to the accident of cutting the lid opening / closing chain.

The present invention also proposes a bucket device in which the safety device of the lid is automatically activated by the automatic activation of the safety device to reduce the operation of the operator and improve the operability. This is the fourth purpose.

[0009]

First, a bucket device for opening and closing a lid on the bottom surface of a vessel-type bucket using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain.

Secondly, in a bucket device for opening and closing the lid of the bottom surface of a vessel type bucket by using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged vertically on the side surface of the bucket and the chain sprocket is rotated at the tip of the piston. Freely attach one of the chains to the working end of the double door lid,
A bucket device in which the other side of the chain is fixed to the side surface of the bucket and the hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side surface of the bucket.

Thirdly, in a bucket device for opening and closing the lid on the bottom surface of a vessel type bucket by using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain, the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged on the side surface of the bucket and the chain sprocket is rotated at the tip of the piston. Freely attach one of the chains to the working end of the double door lid,
The other side of the chain is fixed to the side of the bucket, the hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side of the bucket, and one side is fixed to the working end of the lid and the other side is A bucket device with a rack shaft that mechanically meshes with a safety device on the side of the bucket.

Fourthly, the safety device is provided with a detection switch on the side surface of the bucket for automatically operating when the hydraulic cylinder is extended, and when the tip of the piston is close to the detection switch, the safety device is automatically closed at the same time when the lid is closed. Bucket device that is activated.

Fifth, in a bucket device that is vertically driven to suspend a loading / conveying bucket with hooks of a crane, a bucket device is provided with means for preventing rotation of the crane hook and the bucket.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a front view and a side view of the bucket device. The bucket 10 has a box shape, and is of a vessel type in which an upper side and a bottom side are opened, and a double-sided lid 11 is attached to the bottom side by a hinge 12 so as to be openable and closable.

The opening and closing of the lid 11 is realized by a lid opening / closing device 20 using a hydraulic cylinder 21. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is provided on the side surface of the bucket 10 in the vertical direction, and a 10-ton type is used. The piston 21a of the hydraulic cylinder 21 extends upward. A sprocket wheel 23 that meshes with the chain 22 is rotatably provided at the tip of the piston 21a. One end of the chain 22 is fixed to a fixed position 10a on the side surface of the bucket 10, and the other end is a rotating end 11 of the lid 11.
It is fixed to a. Therefore, when the sprocket wheel 23 is displaced upward due to the extension of the piston 21a, the chain 22 is also displaced and the lid 11 is closed (two-dot chain line is shown). The lid opening / closing device 20 is provided in two sets on each of the left and right side surfaces, for a total of four sets. The two hydraulic cylinders 21 are driven by one hydraulic pump unit device 30. The hydraulic pump unit device 30 is one in which a hydraulic pump, a drive motor, a recovery oil tank, and the like are integrated, and is attached to the left and right side surfaces of the bucket 10.

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of one hydraulic pump unit and two hydraulic cylinders. The pressure oil from the pump unit 31 passes through the four-port three-position solenoid valve 32, the pilot check valve 33, and the throttle check valve 34.
And supplied to each cylinder 21 via the deco valve 35. The deco valve 35 adjusts the amount of oil to the two cylinders 21 to enable the synchronous extension and shortening of the two pistons 21a. Since the high-pressure / low-pressure automatic discharge switching type pump is installed in the hydraulic pump unit 31, when the lid 11 is closed, that is, when the piston 21a is extended, the low-pressure large capacity is switched to fasten the lid 11 quickly. Is opened, that is, when the piston 11a is shortened, it is configured to withstand the weight of the load by switching to high pressure and small capacity. A bypass passage 33a is formed on the pilot oil return side of the pilot check valve 33 so as to be opened by the pressure of the oil flow for closing.

Therefore, when the lid 11 is closed, the piston 21a is extended and the supply oil is supplied to the cylinder 21 by switching the solenoid valve 32 without throttling the left pilot check valve 34. Is realized by The return oil is throttled by the throttle check valve 34 on the return side and metered out to generate a back pressure, so that the piston 21a eventually has a constant speed. When the lid 11 is opened, it is switched in the opposite direction by the solenoid valve 32, and the supply oil is supplied to the cylinder 21 without throttling the right pilot check valve 34. In this case, the deco valve is not in the supply path, but since the lid 11 is already heavy due to the opening, there is no problem even if some deviation occurs. The return oil is throttled by the throttle check valve 34 on the return side and metered out to generate a back pressure, so that the piston 21a eventually has a constant speed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the bucket 10 is suspended by a thick chain 41 from a hook 42 of a crane via an anti-rotation device 40. Anti-rotation device 4
0 is for preventing the hook of the conventional crane from freely rotating, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
If the free rotation is left as it is, the directional position of the bucket 10 is displaced, and this is prevented. The bucket 10 has a predetermined direction and is suspended and vertically driven by a crane. However, if the direction is changed during vertical movement, the weight is large and it is difficult to correct. Reference numeral 43 denotes a bucket suspension beam, and bucket 1
The length is substantially the same as the longitudinal direction of 0. Beam 43
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Are engaged. A locking portion 44 extending to the upper side of the suspension beam 43 is provided, and two round rods 45 that engage with the hook 42 are laterally inserted into the locking portion 44 to connect the hook 42 of the crane and the suspension beam 43. Are engaged and integrated. Then, from the suspension beam 43 to the movable pulley 6 of the hook 42 of the crane.
Two hook rotation prevention plates 47 are integrally attached to the engaging portion 44 so as to contact both sides of the both-side covers 46 supporting the four, so as to sandwich the both-side covers 46. Reference numeral 48 represents a set screw. The hook rotation prevention plate 47 may be directly attached to the beam 22. Therefore, rotation of the suspension beam 43 and thus of the bucket 10 with respect to the existing hook 42 is prevented.

In order to prevent the lid 11 from being opened by cutting the chain 22 while the bucket 10 is in operation, a safety device 50 is provided on the side surface of the bucket 10 as shown in FIG. In the safety device 50, one end 51a of a saw-toothed rack shaft 51 having an angle of about 60 to 90 ° is rotatably mounted at substantially the same position as the chain mounting position 11a of the lid 11, and the other side 51b is a rotating shaft bracket of a floating wheel. A rack shaft meshing portion 52 is provided at the position of 18, and the rack shaft meshing portion 52 causes the rack shaft meshing portion 52 to move when the lid 11 is closed due to the longitudinal movement of the rack shaft meshing portion 52.
It is configured to mesh with 1 to lock the position of the lid 11. The rack shaft meshing portion 52 is operated by an electromagnetic switch 53, as shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic switch 53 is provided with a detection sensor 55 at the maximum extension position of the piston 21, and
The detection sensor 55 is actuated to turn on the electromagnetic switch 53 at the maximum extension position of a, that is, when the closure of the lid 11 is completed, thereby mechanically preventing the opening of the lid 11. An alarm is given to the operation panel inside or outside the crane vehicle by lighting a lamp indicating the operating state of the electromagnetic switch 53. The safety device 50 is attached to each piston 21. The safety device 50 may be configured such that the combined use / non-use combined switching can be arbitrarily selected during operation.

When the lid 11 is changed from the closed state to the open state, the detection sensor 55 is turned off by the shortening operation of the piston 21a, and the electromagnetic switch 53 is also turned off to release the engagement of the rack shaft 51. It In this case, the rack shaft 51 and the rack shaft engaging portion 52
Since the meshing surface angle with and is about 60 to 90 ° and little biting, meshing can be released even with the capacity of the electromagnetic switch 53.

As another example of the safety device 50, instead of the rack shaft structure, the bucket 10 is provided in parallel with the chain 22.
It is possible to adopt a structure in which a thick wire is hung between the fixing position 10a on the side surface of the lid 11 and the vicinity of the chain attachment position 11a of the lid 11 to fix the lid 11 to the chain. In this case, the sprocket wheel 23 has a double structure for chain and wire. According to this structure, since the strength of the thick wire is added to the strength of the chain 22, it is possible to prevent the lid 11 from being accidentally opened.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the bucket 10 is suspended by the crane truck 60. Both ends of the wire cable 61 for vertically moving the hook of the mobile crane 60 are wound around the main drum and the sub drum inside the mobile crane 60. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, in the wire cable 61, the wire cables on both ends are the main winding and the auxiliary winding drum 65 via the triple pulley 63 at the tip of the beam 62 and the double interlocking pulley 64 on the side of the hanging hook 42. , 66. in this case,
Since the drums are used only for raising and lowering the bucket 10, the diameters of the drums 65 and 66 of the crane vehicle 60 are the same as those of the auxiliary cable. Therefore, a longer wire cable 61 can be wound in the drum chamber having the same volume as that of the conventional one, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with hoisting a bucket at the time of excavation at a deep underground of 50 meters or more.

The electric wire cable 71 of the hydraulic device for opening and closing the lid winds up in synchronization with the winding and lowering of the wire cable 61.
It is unwound. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the electric wire cable 71 pulled out from the hydraulic pump unit 31 is covered and protected by the steel net 72 at the upper end of the bucket and the thick chain portion, and the other end is exposed, and the guide sheave at the tip of the beam 62 is exposed. Cable reel chamber 69 via 68
It is wound inside. The speed of the cable reel motor and the speed reducer are set so that the electric wire cable 71 can be wound in synchronization with the vertical movement speed of the bucket 10.

Therefore, the operator (operator) operates the switch and closes the lid 1 to close the lid of the bucket 10.
In order to operate the safety device 50 for making the closed state of 1 safe, turn on the electromagnetic type switch, operate the switch for suspending the bucket in the deep underground of 50 to 70 meters, and after carrying in the sand When the bucket is hoisted, the electric wire cable is also taken up in synchronization, so that a double operation is avoided for lifting the bucket and operating the lid as in the conventional case.

The above-mentioned bucket device can be loaded in a bucket other than earth and sand, and can be used for transporting concrete / aggregate and other construction materials.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the lid on the bottom surface of the vessel type bucket is opened and closed by using the hydraulic cylinder and the chain.

The disadvantage of the operational troubles associated with the opening and closing of the lid by the wire from the auxiliary winch of the crane as in the conventional bucket is solved, and the operation of the auxiliary winch is unnecessary, and the winding drum of the main winch is eliminated. The volume can be secured and deep underground excavation can be performed, the operator can concentrate on the main winch and safety consideration, stress is relieved, and work accidents can be prevented in advance.

Further, according to the present invention, in the bucket device for opening and closing the lid on the bottom surface of the vessel type bucket by using the hydraulic cylinder and the chain, the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged on the side surface of the bucket and the chain is provided at the tip of the piston. Since the sprocket is rotatably attached, one of the chains is fixed to the working end of the double door lid, and the other of the chains is fixed to the side of the bucket, and the hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side of the bucket.

[0029] The disadvantage of the operational troubles associated with opening and closing the lid with the wire from the auxiliary winch of the crane, as in the conventional bucket, is eliminated, and the operation of the auxiliary winch is unnecessary, and the winding drum of the main winch is removed. The volume can be secured and deep underground excavation can be performed, the operator can concentrate on the main winch and safety consideration, stress is relieved, and work accidents can be prevented in advance.

Further, according to the present invention, in the bucket device for opening and closing the lid on the bottom surface of the vessel type bucket by using the hydraulic cylinder and the chain, the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged on the side surface of the bucket and the chain is provided at the tip of the piston. A sprocket is rotatably attached, one of the chains is fixed to the working end of the double door lid, the other of the chains is fixed to the side of the bucket, the hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the side of the bucket, and the chain is cut when the lid is closed. To prevent the lid from opening,
Since one side is fixed to the lid working end and the other side is provided with a rack shaft that mechanically meshes with the safety device provided on the side surface of the bucket,

Where a lid opening accident due to overloading during bucket work must be absolutely prevented, the safety device can prevent the lid opening due to the accident of cutting the lid opening / closing chain.

Further, according to the present invention, the safety device is provided with a detection switch on the side surface of the bucket for automatically operating when the hydraulic cylinder is extended, and when the tip of the piston approaches the detection switch, the safety device is automatically closed at the same time. Since the safety device has been activated,

Where a lid opening accident due to overloading during bucket work must be absolutely prevented, the above-mentioned safety device can prevent the lid opening due to a cutting accident of the lid opening / closing chain, and the operator Even if it is not particularly conscious, it automatically operates when the lid is closed, and there is no burden of the operation amount, and the bucket device can be operated efficiently.

Further, according to the present invention, in the bucket device which is vertically driven to suspend the loading / conveying bucket by the hook of the crane, the means for preventing the rotation of the crane hook and the bucket is provided.

In a conventional bucket in which a bucket is directly suspended from a hook of a crane using a wire, the direction of the bucket is not changed by the free rotation of the hook. It can be used for efficient landing of earth and sand without the need for rotation correction work to the position.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a bucket device.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of a bucket device.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic pump unit and two hydraulic cylinders.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an unloading crane equipped with a bucket device.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an embodiment of an anti-rotation device.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing an embodiment of an anti-rotation device.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing an embodiment of a safety device.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing an embodiment of a safety device.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a winding state of a wire cable.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 bucket 11 lid 20 lid opening / closing device 21 hydraulic cylinder 23 sprocket wheel 30 hydraulic pump unit device 40 anti-rotation device 41 thick chain 43 bucket suspension beam 50 safety device 60 mobile crane

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A bucket device, wherein a lid on the bottom of a vessel type bucket is opened and closed by using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain. 2. A bucket device for opening and closing a lid on a bottom surface of a vessel type bucket by using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged on a side surface of the bucket.
A chain sprocket is rotatably attached to the tip of the piston, one of the chains is fixed to the working end of the double-door type lid, the other of the chains is fixed to the side of the bucket, and the hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side of the bucket. Bucket equipment. 3. A bucket device for opening and closing a lid on a bottom surface of a vessel type bucket by using a hydraulic cylinder and a chain, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged on a side surface of the bucket.
A chain sprocket is rotatably attached to the tip of the piston, one of the chains is fixed to the working end of the double-door type lid, and the other of the chain is fixed to the side of the bucket.The hydraulic unit of the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the side of the bucket to close the lid. In order to prevent the lid from being opened by cutting the chain, one is fixed to the lid working end, and the other side is provided with a rack shaft that mechanically meshes with a safety device provided on the bucket side surface. 4. The safety device is provided with a detection switch on the side surface of the bucket for automatically operating when the hydraulic cylinder is extended, and when the tip of the piston is close to the detection switch, the safety device is automatically activated at the same time as closing the lid. 4. The bucket device according to claim 3, wherein. 5. A bucket device for vertically driving a loading / conveying bucket that is hung by a hook of a crane, characterized in that means for preventing rotation of the crane hook and the bucket is provided.