JPH0727061A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent damage caused by pressing a swivel scroll to a fixed scroll by arranging a valve mechanism for opening a communicating means, at the time of reversing operation, in the communicating means between a suction pressure atmospheric part and a delivery port, so as to prevent a negative pressure from being generated in the delivery port. CONSTITUTION:When a scroll compressor is reversely operated, since a delivery valve 21 is closed to provide closed space in a delivery port 2, a negative pressure is generated in the delivery port 2. Simultaneously, a negative pressure is generated in also a recessed part 23 communicating with the delivery port 2 through a pressure introducing hole 24. As a result, a pressure in a suction pressure atmospheric part 15 is increased larger than a pressure of the recessed part 23, to move a float valve 25 in a bottom part direction of the recessed part 23. Here because a pressure introducing hole 26 of the float valve 25 communicates with the pressure introducing hole 24, the suction pressure atmospheric part 15 communicates with the delivery port 2. Accordingly, a short cycle is formed of the delivery port 2, compression chamber 19, suction pressure atmospheric part 15 and each pressure introducing hole 26, 24, to prevent a negative pressure from being generated in the innermost chamber of the compressor 19.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used in air conditioners, refrigerators and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional scroll compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-237286.
In the figure, 1 is a fixed scroll having a spiral body portion,
2 is a discharge hole formed substantially in the center of the fixed scroll 1,
Reference numeral 3 is an orbiting scroll having a scroll portion, 4 is an Oldham ring for preventing the orbiting scroll 3 from rotating and giving an orbiting motion, 5 is a thrust bearing for receiving a thrust load of the orbiting scroll 3, and 6 is a driving force of an electric motor. Is a centrifugal pump hole formed eccentrically to the crankshaft 6, and 8 is an Oldham ring 4 and a thrust bearing 5.
Is a main frame for supporting the sub-frame, 9 is a sub-frame, and 10 is a balance weight. Reference numerals 1 to 10 above
The component indicated by is the compression element of the scroll compressor. 11 is a stator, 12 is a rotor,
These components are the motor elements. The fixed scroll 1, the main frame 8 and the sub-frame 9 in the compression element are airtightly joined to the inner wall of the closed container 13 by shrink fitting or the like.
Discharge muffler 14 and suction pressure chamber, that is, suction pressure atmosphere portion 1
5 is divided in the vertical direction. Further, 16 is a discharge pipe for discharging a discharge gas, 17 is a suction pipe for introducing a suction gas, and 18 is a lubricating oil for lubricating a sliding portion such as a compressor bearing. Further, 21 is a discharge valve attached to the fixed scroll 1, and 22 is a valve retainer.

Next, the operation of the scroll compressor described above will be described. The power generated by the electric motor element is transmitted to the orbiting scroll 3 by the crankshaft 6, and the Oldham ring 4 performs the orbiting operation to form a pair of orbiting bodies of the orbiting scroll 3 and the fixed scroll 1. By changing the volume of the compression body 19, the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction pipe 17 toward the inner circumference from the outer peripheral portion of the spiral body is sucked and compressed through the suction passage 20, and is discharged as a high-temperature high-pressure discharge gas. Discharge muffler 14 from 2
It is then discharged into the interior of the compressor through the discharge pipe 16. At this time, the lubricating oil 18 at the bottom of the closed container 13 is given an oil supply head by centrifugal force by the eccentric hole 7 of the crankshaft 6 and ascends in the eccentric hole 7 to lubricate sliding parts such as bearings, and then the suction pressure. It is discharged into the atmosphere part 15 and returns to the bottom part of the closed container.

[0004]

Since the conventional scroll compressor is constructed as described above, when the air-conditioner or the refrigerator is installed and a wiring connection error occurs, the scroll compressor reversely rotates and compresses. When the phenomenon that the scroll compressor is not performed occurs, the phenomenon that the scroll compressor reverses and is not compressed occurs. In this case, since the discharge valve 21 is attached and the like, the central portion of the compression element (the compression chamber corresponding to the vicinity of the discharge pressure at the time of forward rotation) becomes negative pressure, so the orbiting scroll 2
Was pressed against the fixed scroll side, the tip of the wrap contacted, and abnormal wear or noise of the tip of the wrap might occur, which in turn could cause seizure or damage to the spiral body.

Further, when the compressor is stopped, especially when the compressor is in a stopped state for a long time and the temperature of the compressor is low, the refrigerant in the refrigeration or air conditioner is liquefied and a large amount flows into the compressor. There is a case where a large amount of saturated solution in which lubricating oil is dissolved is accumulated in the compressor (sleeping state). When the compressor is started in such a state, the space in which the saturated liquid stays is the suction pressure space, so the pressure of the starting pressure is suddenly reduced from the balanced state, and the saturated liquid refrigerant vaporizes rapidly. As a result, a foamed state is created, and the bubbles formed by the refrigerant and the lubricating oil are sucked into the compression chamber through the suction passage 20. At this time, the liquid state refrigerant is also sucked into the compression chamber,
Liquid is compressed in the compression chamber, an excessive pressure value is generated, the compressor stalls and stops (starting failure), and sometimes the spiral body is damaged due to excessive pressure due to liquid compression.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and at the time of installation work of an air conditioning unit, a refrigeration unit, etc., even if the compressor is reversed due to an incorrect wiring connection, both spiral wraps Prevents damage to the vortex body due to tooth tip contact, and even if excessive pressure is generated in the compression chamber due to compression, such as when starting to lie down, the excessive pressure is relieved to prevent compressor startup failure and eventually vortex body damage. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable scroll compressor that can be prevented.

[0007]

In a scroll compressor according to the present invention, a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a thin wound body such as an involute is projected from an end plate surface are combined with each other to orbit the orbiting scroll. A compression section for compressing a fluid by reducing the compression chamber formed by the scrolls of the scrolls and the end plates from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the end plates at any time; a motor section for driving the compression section; A discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed in the discharge pressure atmosphere portion, a discharge valve disposed in the discharge port for preventing the backflow of the fluid into the compression chamber, and the discharge pressure atmosphere portion. In a scroll compressor having a suction pressure atmosphere portion, a communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and a communication means disposed in the communication means during normal operation. Close Kirendori means, and at the time of reverse rotation, characterized in that a valve mechanism which opens said communication means.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a scroll such as an involute is projected from the end plate surface are combined with each other, and the orbiting scroll is orbited so that the scroll of both scrolls is rotated. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by reducing the compression chamber formed by the spiral body and the end plate from the outer circumference of the end plate to the inner circumference at any time,
A motor unit that drives the compression unit, a discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed by the compression unit to the discharge pressure atmosphere portion, and a discharge port that is disposed in the discharge port to prevent backflow of the fluid into the compression chamber. In a scroll compressor having a discharge valve and a suction pressure atmosphere part partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere part, a communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere part with the discharge port, and a communication means arranged in the communication means. Valve mechanism that closes the communication means during normal operation and opens the communication means during reverse operation, a pressure introduction hole that communicates between the compression chamber and the communication means, and an excessive fluid generated in the compression chamber during startup. A second valve mechanism for allowing pressure to escape to the discharge port through the pressure introducing hole and the communication means is provided.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from the end plate surface are combined with each other, and the orbiting scroll is orbited so that both scrolls are rotated. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by reducing the compression chamber formed by the spiral body and the end plate from the outer circumference of the end plate to the inner circumference at any time,
A motor unit that drives the compression unit, a discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed by the compression unit to the discharge pressure atmosphere portion, and a discharge port that is disposed in the discharge port to prevent backflow of the fluid into the compression chamber. In a scroll compressor having a discharge valve and a suction pressure atmosphere part partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere part, a communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere part with the discharge port, and a communication means arranged in the communication means. A valve mechanism that closes the communication means during normal operation and opens the communication means during reverse operation, and the valve of this valve mechanism is a spherical valve.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from the end plate surface are combined with each other, and the orbiting scroll is orbited so that both of the scrolls are rotated. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by reducing the compression chamber formed by the spiral body and the end plate from the outer circumference of the end plate to the inner circumference at any time,
A motor unit that drives the compression unit, a discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed by the compression unit to a discharge pressure atmosphere unit, and a discharge port that is disposed in the discharge port to prevent backflow of the liquid into the compression chamber. In a scroll compressor having a discharge valve and a suction pressure atmosphere part partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere part, a communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere part with the discharge port, and a communication means arranged in the communication means. A valve mechanism that closes the communication means during normal operation and opens the communication means during reverse operation, and the valve mechanism is integrally formed so as to be detachably attached to the communication means. And

[0011]

In the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port and the communication means arranged in the communication means for closing the communication means during the normal operation and for the reverse operation. Since sometimes the valve mechanism for opening the communication means is provided, when the scroll compressor is operated in the reverse direction and the discharge port becomes negative pressure, the communication means is opened by moving the valve of the valve mechanism due to the pressure difference. However, the suction pressure atmosphere portion and the discharge port portion communicate with each other. Therefore, since the compressor is operated in a short cycle inside the compressor, the discharge port does not have a negative pressure, and the orbiting scroll does not contact the fixed scroll.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the pressure introducing hole for communicating the compression chamber with the communicating means, and the excessive fluid pressure generated in the compression chamber at the time of starting, the pressure introducing hole and the communicating means. Since a second valve mechanism for letting it escape through the discharge port to the discharge port is provided, when the pressure in the compression chamber increases excessively during fluid compression at the time of forward rotation,
The valve of the second valve mechanism moves due to the excessively increased pressure, and excessive fluid pressure can be released to the discharge port through the pressure introduction hole and the communication means, and the maximum pressure can be reduced.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, a communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion and the discharge port with each other, and the communicating means arranged in the communicating means to close the communicating means at the time of normal operation and at the time of reverse operation. Since a valve mechanism for opening the communication means is provided, and the valve of this valve mechanism is constituted by a spherical valve, the sealing surface becomes line contact when the communication means is closed by the spherical valve, and thus the sealing performance is improved, Since there is no one-sided contact, operability is improved.

Further, in the scroll compressor according to the present invention, a communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communicating means disposed in the communicating means for closing the communicating means during normal operation and reversing the same. A valve mechanism that opens the communication means during operation is provided, and since this valve mechanism is integrally formed so as to be detachably attached to the communication means, the number of machining steps for the fixed scroll is reduced and the machining time is shortened. it can. Further, by integrally forming the valve mechanism during assembly, workability is improved and assembly time can be shortened.

[0015]

【Example】

Example 1. Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of the scroll compressor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the valve part showing the operation. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 indicate the same or corresponding parts. In FIG. 1, 1 is a fixed scroll, 2 is a discharge port, 14 is a discharge pressure atmosphere part, 15 is a suction pressure atmosphere part, 16 is a discharge pipe,
Reference numeral 19 is a compression chamber formed by the wrap 1a of the fixed scroll 1, the base plate 1b, the wrap 3a of the orbiting scroll 3 and a base plate (not shown), and 21 is the discharge through the suction port 2 and the discharge pressure atmosphere portion 14. It is a valve. Reference numeral 23 is a concave portion provided in the fixed scroll base plate 1b, 24 is a first pressure introducing hole that connects the concave portion 23 and the discharge port 2, and the concave portion 23 and the first
The pressure introducing hole 24 of FIG. Reference numeral 25 is a float valve inserted into the recess 23 so as to be movable by a predetermined distance, 26 is a second pressure introducing hole provided in the float valve 25, and 27 is a stopper for restricting the movement amount of the float valve. And the suction pressure atmosphere part 15. 28 is the stopper 2 for the float valve 25 when the compressor is stopped
It is an elastic body that supports the float valve with a minute load that is in contact with 7. The float valve 25, the second pressure introducing hole 26, and the elastic body 28 form a valve mechanism.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 2A, the float valve 25 is inserted into the recess 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1 via the elastic body 28, and the stopper 27 is inserted.
The movement amount of the float valve 25 is regulated by. During normal operation (normal rotation), the refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 19 becomes the discharge pressure P1 in the innermost chamber 19a of the compression chamber and the discharge port 2
After that, the discharge valve 21 is pushed up and discharged to the discharge pressure atmosphere portion 14. In this case, the pressure P0 of the concave portion 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1 is in communication with the discharge port 2 through the first pressure introduction hole 24, and therefore P0≈P1. During normal operation, the relationship between the suction pressure Ps of the atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port pressure P0 is Ps << P0, so the float valve 25 is pressed toward the suction pressure atmosphere portion side due to the pressure difference.
At this time, the second pressure introducing hole 26 provided in the float valve 25
Has a structure in which it is blocked by the wall surface of the stopper 27 and the wall surface of the concave portion 23, so that the concave portion 2 is sealed by the pressure difference.
3 and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 are shut off. Therefore, during normal operation, the float valve 25 and the stopper 27
The discharge pressure portion of the recess 23 and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 are cut off, and the conventional operation becomes possible.

The operation in the case where the scroll compressor is operated in the reverse direction due to an incorrect wiring connection when the unit is installed will be described with reference to FIG. 2 (b). When reversed, the pressure P1 at the discharge port 2 portion becomes a negative pressure because the discharge valve 21 is in a valve closed state and the discharge port 2 becomes a closed space. In this case, the recess 23 communicating with the discharge port 2 through the first pressure introduction hole 24 also has a negative pressure. Therefore, the relationship between the pressure Ps of the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the pressure P0 in the recess is P
s >> PO, the float valve 25 moves to an arbitrary position in the bottom direction of the recess 23 due to the pressure difference. At this time, the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port portion 2 communicate with each other by configuring the second pressure introducing hole 26 provided in the float valve 25 and the first pressure introducing hole 24 to communicate with each other. Therefore, the discharge port 2 → the compression chamber 19 → the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 →
Since the short cycle is formed from the second pressure introducing hole 26 to the first pressure introducing hole 24, the innermost chamber 19a of the compression chamber does not become a negative pressure. Therefore, the orbiting scroll cannot be pressed against the fixed scroll side, so that there is no tooth tip contact. That is, the spiral body can be prevented from being damaged or broken.

Example 2. Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of a scroll compressor according to the present invention and its operation. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions. 29 in FIG.
Is a relief valve (second valve mechanism) which is inserted in the recess 23 and is movable in the axial direction so as not to interfere with the elastic body 28 during movement, and 30 is a compression chamber 1 in which excessive pressure is generated during liquid compression.
9b is a third pressure introducing hole for communicating the recess 23 with the relief valve 29.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the relief valve 29 is inserted into the bottom of the recess so as to cover the third pressure introducing hole 30 so as not to interfere with the elastic body 28. During normal operation, the pressure inside the compression chamber increases toward the innermost portion due to the scroll compressor configuration, so the relationship between the innermost chamber pressure P1 and the intermediate chamber 19b pressure P2 is P1 >> P2. Further, the pressure P0 in the concave portion 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1 is in communication with the discharge port 2 through the first pressure introduction hole 24, so P0≈P1. Therefore, during normal operation, P1 >> P2, so that the relief valve 29 has the third pressure introducing hole 3 at the bottom of the recess 23 due to the pressure difference.
It is sealed so as to block 0 and sealed. Further, during normal operation, the relationship between the pressure Ps of the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port portion pressure P0 is Ps << PO, so the shift valve 25 is pressed against the suction pressure atmosphere portion due to the pressure difference. At this time, the second pressure introducing hole 26 provided in the float valve 25 is
With the structure in which the wall surface of the stopper 27 and the wall surface of the concave portion 23 are closed, the structure is sealed by the pressure difference, and the concave portion 23 and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 are blocked. Therefore, during normal operation, the discharge pressure portion of the recess 23 and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 are shut off by the float valve 25 and the stopper 27, and the conventional operation becomes possible.

The operation when an excessive pressure is generated in the compression chamber 19 at the time of starting to sleep will be described with reference to FIG. It has been experimentally confirmed that when the liquid compression occurs, the excessive pressure is generated from the innermost chamber 19a to the intermediate chamber 19b. When excessive pressure is generated in the intermediate chamber, the pressure P2
And the pressure P0 in the recess 23 is naturally P2 >> P0, so that the relief valve 29 is opened due to the pressure difference.
Therefore, the intermediate chamber 19a, the recess 23, and the discharge port portion 2 communicate with each other through the first pressure introduction hole 24 and the third pressure introduction hole. Therefore, the excessive pressure generated in the intermediate chamber 19b is
Third pressure introducing hole 30, concave portion 23, first pressure introducing hole 2
4, through the discharge port portion 2 and further through the discharge valve 21 to be relieved into the discharge space 14. Therefore, since the excessive pressure generated in the compression chamber can be released to the high pressure space, the maximum pressure can be reduced, and the start failure and the damage to the spiral body can be prevented. At this time, the float valve 25 is pressed against the stopper 27 side due to the relationship P0 >> Ps between the pressure P0 in the recess and the suction pressure atmosphere pressure Ps, and the recess 23 and the suction pressure atmosphere portion are shut off.

The operation in the case where the scroll compressor is operated in the reverse direction due to an incorrect wiring connection when the unit is installed will be described with reference to FIG. When reversed, the pressure P1 at the discharge port 2 portion becomes a negative pressure because the discharge valve 21 is in the valve closed state and the discharge port 2 becomes a closed space.
In this case, the recess 23 communicating with the discharge port 2 through the first pressure introduction hole 24 also has a negative pressure. Therefore, the relationship between the pressure Ps of the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the pressure P0 in the recess is Ps >> P0, and the float valve 25 moves to an arbitrary position in the bottom of the recess 23 due to the pressure difference. At this time,
The suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port portion 2 communicate with each other by configuring the second pressure introduction hole 26 provided in the float valve 25 and the first pressure introduction hole 24 to communicate with each other. Therefore, a short cycle is formed in the discharge port 2 → the compression chamber 19 → the suction pressure atmosphere 15 → the second pressure introduction hole 26 → the first pressure introduction hole 24, so that the compression chamber innermost chamber 19a does not become a negative pressure. Therefore, since the orbiting scroll cannot be pressed against the fixed scroll side, there is no tooth tip contact. That is, the spiral body can be prevented from being damaged or broken.

Example 3. Example 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation of the main part of the scroll compressor according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 31 is inserted in the recess 23 instead of the float valve 25 in FIGS. 1 and 2, is supported by the elastic body 28 with a load enough to contact the stopper 27 when the compressor is stopped, and has a predetermined axial direction. It is a spherical float valve that is regulated to have a movement amount. Reference numeral 32 is a pressure relief provided in the opening of the recess 23 of the first pressure introduction hole 24.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 4A, the spherical float valve 31 is inserted into the recess 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1 via the elastic body 28, and the stopper 27 regulates the movement amount of the spherical float valve 31. During normal operation (normal rotation), the refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 19 reaches the discharge pressure P1 in the innermost chamber 19a of the compression chamber, pushes up the discharge valve 21 via the discharge port 2 and discharges it to the discharge pressure atmosphere portion 14. To be done. In this case, the pressure P0 of the concave portion 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1 is in communication with the discharge port 2 through the first pressure introduction hole 24, and therefore P0≈P1. During normal operation, the relationship between the pressure Ps of the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port pressure P0 is Ps << P0, so the spherical float valve 31 is pressed toward the suction pressure atmosphere portion side due to the pressure difference. At this time, the spherical float valve 31 is pressed against the port provided in the stopper 27, and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the recess 23 are sealed and shut off at this portion to enable normal operation.

The operation in the case where the scroll compressor is operated in the reverse direction due to an incorrect wiring connection when the unit is installed will be described with reference to FIG. 4 (b). When reversed, the pressure P1 at the discharge port 2 portion becomes a negative pressure because the discharge valve 21 is in a valve closed state and the discharge port 2 becomes a closed space. In this case, the recess 23 communicating with the discharge port 2 via the first pressure introduction hole 24 also has a negative pressure. Therefore, since the relationship between the pressure Ps of the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the pressure P0 in the recess is Ps >> P0, the float valve 31 moves to an arbitrary position in the bottom direction of the recess 23 due to the pressure difference. At this time,
Due to the pressure difference, the spherical float valve 31 is pressed toward the first pressure introduction hole side and stands still. In this state, the recess 23 and the first pressure introducing hole 24 communicate with each other via the pressure relief 32 provided at the opening of the recess 23 of the first pressure introducing hole 24. Therefore, the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port portion 2 communicate with each other. Therefore, a short cycle is formed by the discharge port 2 → the compression chamber 19 → the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 → the recess 23 → the first pressure introduction hole 24, so that the innermost chamber 19a of the compression chamber does not become a negative pressure. Therefore, since the orbiting scroll cannot be pressed against the fixed scroll side, it is possible to prevent tooth tip contact, that is, damage or breakage of the spiral body.

By making the float valve spherical, the sealing property when pressed against the stopper 27 is improved,
In addition, since one-sided contact and twisting are eliminated, the operability is improved. Therefore, the valve operates reliably during normal rotation, and the sealability is good, so even if this mechanism is installed, a compressor that does not deteriorate in performance can be obtained, and tooth tip contact is reliably prevented during reverse rotation, which damages the spiral body. And a compressor with high reliability can be obtained.

In the present embodiment, the relief mechanism at the time of liquid compression as in the second embodiment is not shown, but even if the relief valve 29 and the third pressure introducing hole 30 are added, it is assured during liquid compression as in the second embodiment. The normal operation is possible during normal rotation, and the suction pressure atmosphere portion 15 and the discharge port portion 2 are in communication during reverse rotation so that the orbiting scroll is pressed against the fixed scroll because the compressor is operated in a short cycle. Needless to say, a highly reliable compressor that does not cause tooth tip contact with the spiral body and that is not damaged or broken can be obtained.

Example 4. Example 4 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the essential parts of the scroll compressor according to the present invention. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions. In FIG. 5, 33 is a float valve 25 having a second pressure introducing hole 26 and an elastic body 2.
8, an integral valve mechanism integrally formed with a port opening to the first pressure introduction hole 24 and inserted into the recess 23 provided in the fixed scroll 1, and is composed of a flange portion 33a and a cylinder portion 33b. ing. Reference numeral 34 is a space portion formed in the integrated mechanism, and 35 is a flange portion 33a of the integrated valve mechanism 33.
And a cylindrical portion 33b are fastened together and fixed to the fixed scroll 1 via a sealing mechanism such as an O-ring.

With this structure, the valve mechanism can be separately formed and assembled as a unit, so that when the compressor is assembled,
Workability is improved and assembly time can be shortened. further,
Also in the structure, in the first, second, and third embodiments, the recess diameter provided in the fixed scroll and the dimensional accuracy of the float valve 25 are required, but in this embodiment, the valve component is a separate component,
It suffices to improve the dimensional accuracy of the space portion 34 provided in the integrated valve mechanism 33, and the accuracy of the fixed scroll recess 23 may be rough. In other words, a high-performance processing machine is required to provide a highly accurate concave portion at a position eccentric from the center in a fixed scroll with a complicated shape, but with an integrated valve mechanism it is possible to machine a simple shape in the central portion, so a lathe etc. It can be processed with a simple processing machine. Therefore, the processing time is shortened, the processing cost is reduced,
As a result, the processing equipment can be simplified.

[0029]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communicating means arranged in the communicating means to close the communicating means during normal operation and to reverse the rotation. By providing a valve mechanism that opens the communication means during operation, the suction port is communicated with the discharge pressure atmosphere portion during reverse rotation, and a short cycle is performed in the compressor, so that the discharge port portion has a negative pressure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent contact of the tip of the orbiting scroll due to the orbiting scroll being pressed against the fixed scroll at the time of reverse rotation, and further to prevent damage or breakage of the spiral body due to the contact of the tip of the orbiting scroll, and to obtain a highly reliable compressor.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion and the discharge port with each other, and the communicating means disposed in the communicating means to close the communicating means during the normal operation and to perform the reverse operation. A valve mechanism that opens the communication means, a pressure introduction hole that communicates the compression chamber with the communication means, and an excessive fluid pressure generated in the compression chamber at the time of startup through the pressure introduction hole and the communication means. By providing the second valve mechanism for escaping to the discharge port, if an excessive pressure is generated in the compression chamber during fluid compression, the compression chamber and the discharge space can be communicated with each other. The pressure can be helileafed in the discharge space. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable compressor capable of preventing start-up failure and further damage to the spiral body, and at the time of reverse rotation, the suction pressure atmosphere portion and the discharge port portion communicate with each other, and the discharge port portion is shortened by performing a short cycle in the compressor. It is possible to prevent negative pressure, and therefore, at the time of reverse rotation, it is possible to prevent tooth tip contact due to the orbiting scroll being pressed against the fixed scroll, and further, to prevent damage and breakage of the spiral body due to tooth tip contact, and highly reliable compression. You can get the opportunity.

According to the third aspect of the invention, a communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communicating means arranged in the communicating means to close the communicating means during the normal operation, and during the reverse operation. Since a valve mechanism for opening the communication means is provided, and the valve of this valve mechanism is constituted by a spherical valve,
The spherical valve can close the communication means in a line contact state, so that the sealing performance and the operability are more reliable, and a highly reliable compressor can be obtained.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, a communicating means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communicating means arranged in the communicating means to close the communicating means during the normal operation, and during the reverse operation. A valve mechanism for opening the communication means is provided, and the valve mechanism is integrally formed so as to be detachably attached to the communication means. Therefore, the valve mechanism can be retrofitted to the communication means, resulting in cost reduction. The processing time and the assembly time can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a scroll compressor showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation of the main part of the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention during normal operation, and b is the reverse rotation of the main part of the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing operation at the time of driving.

3A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an operation of a scroll compressor main part during a normal operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and b is a liquid of the scroll compressor main part according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation at the time of compression, and c is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the operation at the time of normal operation of the main part of the scroll compressor showing the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view showing an operation of a scroll compressor main part during a normal operation according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and b is a reverse rotation of the scroll compressor main part according to the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing operation at the time of driving.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a scroll compressor showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional scroll compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fixed Scroll 2 Discharge Port 3 Oscillating Scroll 14 Discharge Pressure Atmosphere Part 15 Suction Pressure Atmosphere Part 23 Recess 24 First Pressure Inlet Hole 25 Float Valve 26 Second Pressure Inlet Hole 27 Stopper 28 Elastic Body 29 Relief Valve 30 Third Pressure introduction hole 31 Spherical float valve

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A spiral scroll and an end plate of both scrolls are formed by combining a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from an end plate surface, and rotating the orbiting scroll. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by shrinking the compression chamber from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the end plate at any time, a motor unit that drives this compression unit, and the fluid compressed by the compression unit is discharged to the discharge pressure atmosphere section. A discharge port for preventing the fluid from flowing back into the compression chamber, and a suction pressure atmosphere portion partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere portion. Communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communication means disposed in the communication means to close the communication means during normal operation, and the communication means during reverse operation. A scroll compressor having a valve mechanism for opening the. 2. A spiral scroll and an end plate of both scrolls are formed by combining a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from an end plate surface, and rotating the orbiting scroll. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by shrinking the compression chamber from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the end plate at any time, a motor unit that drives this compression unit, and the fluid compressed by the compression unit is discharged to the discharge pressure atmosphere section. A discharge port for preventing the fluid from flowing back into the compression chamber, and a suction pressure atmosphere portion partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere portion. Communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communication means disposed in the communication means to close the communication means during normal operation, and the communication means during reverse operation. A valve mechanism for opening the pressure chamber, a pressure introducing hole for communicating the compression chamber with the communicating means, and an excessive fluid pressure generated in the compression chamber at the time of startup to the discharge port through the pressure introducing hole and the communicating means. A scroll compressor provided with a second valve mechanism for escaping. 3. A spiral scroll and an end plate of both scrolls are formed by combining a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from an end plate surface and rotating the orbiting scroll. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by shrinking the compression chamber from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the end plate at any time, a motor unit that drives this compression unit, and the fluid compressed by the compression unit is discharged to the discharge pressure atmosphere section. A discharge port for preventing the fluid from flowing back into the compression chamber, and a suction pressure atmosphere portion partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere portion. Communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communication means disposed in the communication means to close the communication means during normal operation, and the communication means during reverse operation. And a valve mechanism for opening the valve mechanism, and the valve of the valve mechanism is a spherical valve. 4. A spiral scroll and an end plate of both scrolls are formed by combining a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll in which a spiral body such as an involute is projected from an end plate surface and rotating the orbiting scroll. A compression unit that compresses the fluid by shrinking the compression chamber from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the end plate at any time, a motor unit that drives this compression unit, and the fluid compressed by the compression unit is discharged to the discharge pressure atmosphere section. A discharge port for preventing the fluid from flowing back into the compression chamber, and a suction pressure atmosphere portion partitioned from the discharge pressure atmosphere portion. Communication means for communicating the suction pressure atmosphere portion with the discharge port, and the communication means disposed in the communication means to close the communication means during normal operation, and the communication means during reverse operation. And a valve mechanism for opening the valve mechanism, and the valve mechanism is integrally formed so as to be detachably attached to the communication means.