JPH072600Y2 - Coal making equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] "Field of Industrial Application" This invention relates to an apparatus for producing coal waste.

“Prior art” A large amount of rice husks, sawdust, twigs (with green leaves), wood residues, etc. are generated, but only a small portion of them is discarded or incinerated. On the other hand, recently, a large amount of lawn mowing debris has been generated as the number of golf courses has increased. When all of them are discarded, an unpleasant odor is generated with the passage of time, which causes the generation of harmful insects. And recently, lawn mowing debris at golf courses and the like is often not thrown away or buried due to an agreement with the locals. As a solution, an incinerator has been installed. It is very difficult to burn the lawn mowing debris that has been squeezed in the incinerator, and it may be dried after the lawn mowing as a pretreatment for incineration, but the drying work requires a wide area and labor according to the sun, and labor costs are high. The reality is that it is too expensive and practically impossible.

There are many problems in burning lawn mowing debris,
Providing an incinerator at a reasonable price is a challenge. On the other hand, although lawn mowing debris is not used as a raw material, moth scraps, chaff, etc. are produced as raw materials, and if the above lawn cutting debris can be used for charcoal production, fertilizer, It can be used as a snow melting material, is effective from the viewpoint of resource utilization, and the processing cost of lawn cuttings is low as a whole.

As a conventional example of the coal-coal manufacturing apparatus, the one shown in "Kun-coal kiln automatic fire extinguishing apparatus" of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-170745 and "Biogas and smoked-coal manufacturing method" of JP-A No. 61-209293. There is. In the former case, the raw material is put into the Kun charcoal kiln main body, which is connected to the container, ignited from above, and the main body is covered with a canopy. Exhaust smoke from the chimney on the lid. The latter is equipped with a compression device that also serves as a feed device for the raw material, an indirect heating furnace, and a biogas collecting and processing device, and the raw material is supplied to the compression device and sent to the pyrolysis tube of the indirect heating furnace after compression. Then, the charcoal is discharged from the outlet end of the pyrolysis tube having a reduced diameter.

In the Kun coal kiln disclosed in "Kun Kun Kiln Automatic Fire Extinguishing System" of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-170745, (1) self-combustion is performed without using fuel, so only a considerably dry raw material is used. (2) It becomes batch production and continuous automatic production is not possible. (3) Exhaust gas generated when the raw material is smoldered is discharged into the air as it is, but there is a defect that the exhaust gas has an extremely strong odor regardless of which raw material is used. Although the odor of the exhaust gas can be deodorized by a deodorizing device, the exhaust gas containing tar contains a tar component, and therefore, the tar component must be sufficiently removed to be sent to the deodorizing device, which requires a large-scale device. Also, the activated carbon used in the deodorizer has a very short life at high temperatures, so it is necessary to sufficiently cool the exhaust gas sent to the deodorizer, the cooling device has a large capacity, and the entire device is large-scale and expensive. Will end up.

In the method for producing biogas and smoldering coal described in JP-A-61-209293, the supplied raw material is compressed and the volume is reduced. The lawn mowing debris has a particularly large volume reduction, and there is a problem of how to feed the raw material into the compression device. At the same time, the compression device also serves as a material feeding device. Then, the raw material is carbonized and further reduced in volume as it goes through the pyrolysis tube. Therefore, since the raw material advancing through the pyrolysis tube was kept in a consolidated state at an appropriate pressure, the outlet end was narrowed so as to maintain a spring action. The compression load adjustment for feeding and consolidating the raw material is performed by controlling the compression load adjustment gate by the compression load control circuit. Even if such control is added, the heating source and the feed rate of the raw material are also related, and the overall control device becomes complicated.
And due to the structure of the exit end of the pyrolysis tube, due to variations in the quality of the charcoal, it does not operate properly, which causes the charcoal to become powdery or hinders discharge, and compression was insufficient. In this case, the material may not be sealed and a large amount of air may conversely enter from the outlet end and burn. Further, in this conventional example, the device for extracting the exhaust gas is not allowed to be complicated, the control of the suction fan is necessary, and there is a possibility that the coal will not be turned into charcoal unless proper gas suction is performed. As a result of the above, the second conventional example becomes expensive.

Therefore, the present inventor has previously proposed the invention of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 1-95362. According to the invention proposed earlier, the above first and second
It was decided to solve the problem of the conventional example of 1 and to provide a simple coal-coal manufacturing apparatus capable of continuously manufacturing coal-coal.

"Problems to be solved by the device" In the device previously proposed by the present inventor, the combustion device heats the raw material in the trough by the combustion device. If this is done, the heating of the charcoal becomes uneven and it is difficult to make a compact device. In addition, it is equipped with a water jacket to reduce the temperature of the discharged coal and extinguish the fire.
You have to supply a large amount of water and throw it away. Therefore, if a water jacket is installed in the water storage system, the water jacket becomes too large and the coal output passage must be long. Prevents water temperature rise in the water jacket,
Moreover, in order to limit the amount of water used, a radiator may be provided in the middle of the cooling water pipe circulated by a pump to cool the fan, but this makes the device complicated and expensive. Of course, the product charcoal discharged from the coal outlet must not ignite and must be cooled down sufficiently.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in a coal-coal manufacturing apparatus that can continuously manufacture coal-coal, and provides a simple coal-coal manufacturing apparatus that can be downsized and an inexpensive and reliable coal-coal manufacturing apparatus. The purpose is to do.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The first invention of the present invention is to support a sprocket wheel rotatably by horizontal shafts parallel to both end portions in a trough laterally arranged in a rectangular cross section, A horizontal shaft that supports a pair of sprocket wheels at either one or both ends is connected to a rotating prime mover, and endless chains with adapters are hung side by side between the front and rear sprocket wheels on the same side. Both ends of the scraper in the cross direction are attached to each chain, the raw material inlet is provided on one side of the trough, and the charcoal outlet is provided on the other side, the electric heating device is arranged at the lower part of the trough, and the raw material inlet at the upper part of the trough is installed. Stack the rear part of the raw material conveying means with the outlet to the trough top plate as a common member,
The raw material conveying means has a substantially horizontal front portion and an inlet in the horizontal portion,
A hopper for feeding raw materials is provided on the inlet, and an endless chain with a scraper can be freely moved in a cylindrical conveyor case that is obliquely installed in the middle part so as to rise toward the rear part from the horizontal part. An apparatus for manufacturing coal charcoal, comprising a drive device for the endless chain, and covering a trough and a conveyor case overlapping the trough with a heat insulating material.

A second invention of the present invention comprises a non-combustible gas supply device which stores non-combustible gas having a specific gravity higher than that of air, and a container-like charcoal storage container capable of receiving the charcoal discharged from the charcoal outlet, The container is an apparatus for producing coal which is open at the top so that coal can be charged and is provided with a coal output device which is in communication with a non-combustible gas supply device through a gas supply pipe.

A third aspect of the present invention is the apparatus for producing coal which is described in the second aspect, in which wheels are provided in the coal-coal storage container to form a dolly and the coal-coal storage container and the gas supply pipe are connected by a detachable joint.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the BCD and CE shown in FIG.

Bearings 2 and 3 provided at both ends in a trough 1 having a rectangular cross section and arranged in the lateral direction support parallel and horizontal shafts 4 and 5 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the trough 1. The shaft 4 extends outside the trough 1. Sprocket wheels 6, 7 are fixed to the shafts 4, 5 on both sides inside the trough 1. Axis 4
A sprocket wheel 8 is fixed to the end portion extending to the outside.

Endless chains 9 with adapters are hung side by side on sprocket wheels 6 and 7 on the same side, and both ends of scrapers 10 perpendicular to the traveling direction of each chain 9 are attached to each chain 9 and attached to one of the troughs 1. A raw material inlet 11 and a charcoal coal outlet 12 are provided on the other side, and an electric heating device 13 is disposed below the trough 1.

The rear end of the conveyor case 14 of the conveyor of the raw material conveying means is overlaid on the trough 1 with the top plate 1a of the trough 1 in common so that the raw material inlet 11 and the outlet thereof are aligned. A front part of the conveyor case 14 is a horizontal part, a hopper 15 is provided above the entrance 14a, and an intermediate part that rises from the front part to the rear part is obliquely provided.

A shaft 16 parallel to the shaft 4 is supported on the conveyor case 14 directly above the shaft 4 by a bearing 17 provided on the conveyor case 14, and protrudes from the conveyor case 14 to the outside. At the end of the horizontal portion of the conveyor case 14 below the hopper 15, a shaft 18 is mounted parallel to the shaft 16 (bearings not shown). Sprocket wheels 19 and 21 are fixed to the shafts 16 and 18 in the conveyor case 14 near the inside of the side plate 14b. An endless chain 22 is hung between the sprocket wheels 19 and 21. Although not shown, the chain 22 is adapted to be guided by guide means (not shown) so as to move along the upper and bottom plates of the conveyor case 14. A scraper 20 is arranged between the chains 22 on both sides at right angles to the tensioning direction of the chain 22, and both ends of the scraper 20 are attached to adapters of the chain 22.

A gear 23a is fixed to the end of the shaft 16 protruding to the outside, and the gear 23a meshes with the gear 23b. The sprocket wheel 24,
28a is fixed. A chain 25 is hung between the sprocket wheels 8 and 24. A chain 29 is wound between a sprocket wheel 28a fixed to the shaft 23c and a sprocket wheel 28b fixed to the shaft end of the motor 27.

The coal coal outlet 12 is provided with a discharge pipe 31 having a rectangular uniform cross section having the same width as that of the trough 1 just below the sprocket wheel 7, and the discharge pipe 31 has an outlet 31a on the outlet side.
A lid 33 is attached to the discharge tube 31 with a hinge 32 on the upper side of the so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis.
Balance weight mounting member that extends in the shape of a bar to the other side with a gap in between
The weight 35 is fixed to 34 so that the position can be adjusted, and the lid
The opening 31a is closed by 33. A spring (not shown) for closing the lid 33 may be provided.

The electric heating device 13 is a thin piece resistance heating element or the like which is arranged close to the bottom of the trough bottom plate 1c as a heat exchange member. Trough bottom plate 1c
Is made of heat-resistant iron plate. As shown in FIG. 2, the side plate 1b of the trough 1, the electric heating device 13, and the conveyor case 14 portion on the trough 1 are covered with a heat insulating material 36.

A chimney 38 having a lower end opened to a side plate 1b of the trough 1 extends to an upper part, and a gas burner 39 for blowing a flame into the chimney 38 is attached to a vertical pipe portion of the chimney 38 with its outlet 39a directed obliquely upward. . The lower end of the tar removal cylinder 41 extending downwardly of the vertical pipe portion of the chimney 38 is open to the tar receiver 42.

Immediately below the lower opening 31a of the charcoal discharge cylinder 31, a rectangular charcoal storage container 43 made of a heat-resistant material and opened upward is disposed. Although the upper surface of the container 43 is entirely open, the container 43 may be limitedly opened so that charcoal can be put therein. The container 43 is provided with wheels 44 as a dolly and is movable. A gas supply pipe 46 led from a nonflammable gas supply device 45 communicates with the container 43. Nonflammable gas supply device 45
Is a cylinder 47 filled with non-combustible gas such as carbon dioxide and argon, which has a higher specific gravity than air, a regulator 48 attached to the outlet side of the cylinder 47, one end connected to the regulator 48 and the other end freely removable It is made up of a gas supply pipe 46 connected to the charcoal storage container 43 by a joint 49, and a stop valve 51 provided between the cylinder and the regulator 48.

The operation of the present invention in the above configuration is as follows. The case where the raw material is lawn mowing is described as an example.

The lawn mowing debris fed from the hopper 15 of the raw material feeding port does not become entangled with short turfgrass and looks like a piece of loose grass, so when it is fed, it reaches from the hopper 15 to the bottom of the front of the conveyor case 14. When the lawn mowing debris is inserted to a predetermined depth of the hopper 15, the entrance of the conveyor case 14 is closed by the lawn mowing debris, and the conveyor case 14 is sealed except for the outlet, so that material sealing is performed.

When the motor 27 is rotated, the sprocket wheel 28b is rotated, and the sprocket wheel 28a is rotated via the chain 29 to drive the shaft 23c, thereby rotating the sprocket wheel 24 and the gear 23b. The sprocket wheel 24 rotates the sprocket wheel 8 in the same direction via the chain 25, and the gear 23b rotates the gear 2
By rotating 3a in the opposite direction, the shaft 16 rotates clockwise and the shaft 4 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. As a result, the sprocket wheel 19 rotates clockwise, and the lower portion of the chain 22 moves in the direction of arrow a in the figure. Further, the sprocket wheel 6 rotates counterclockwise, which moves the lower side of the chain 9 in the direction of arrow B in the figure. The scraper 20 moves in the A direction by the movement of the chain 22 in the A direction, whereby the lawn mowing debris fed from the hopper 15 is carried to the raw material feeding port 11 of the trough 1. The scraper 10 in the part of the endless chain 9 along the trough bottom plate 1c moves to the right, the sprocket wheel 7 rotates in the same direction as the sprocket wheel 6, and the scraper 10 around the sprocket wheel 6 rotates around the sprocket wheel 6 from above. Turn down, raw material inlet 11
Carry out the lawn mowing debris below, and let it go right along the trough bottom plate 1c. On the other hand, the electric heating device 13 is energized in accordance with the above operation, and the trough bottom plate 1c is heated. Since the opening 31a of the charcoal outlet 12 is closed by the lid 33 and the raw material input port 11 side is material-sealed, the lawn mowing debris that moves to the right on the bottom plate 1c is burnt and becomes charcoal according to the right direction. Although the volume decreases as the carbonization progresses, since the raw material is fed by the scraper 10, there is no problem even if the exposed portion appears on the bottom plate 1c. The exhaust gas generated by the heating of the lawn cuttings is discharged from the chimney 38, and the unburned gas portion is burned by the gas burner 39 on the way and discharged into the atmosphere. When the tar flows through the bent pipe of the chimney 38, the tar is separated, travels along the bent pipe wall, enters the tar removal cylinder 41, and is collected in the tar receiver 42. It should be noted that the temperature inside the trough 1 is raised by burning the lawn mowing debris. This heat heats the top plate 1a of the trough 1, preheating the lawn mowing debris moving on the top plate 1a.

When the scrapper 10 goes to the right by the scraper 10 and reaches the upper portion of the discharge pipe 31, it falls in the discharge pipe 31 and hits the lid 33 and stops. When the charcoal collects in the discharge pipe 31, the gravity pushes the lid 33 against the counterweight 35 that is biased in the direction of closing the lid 33 by its own gravity, and the lid 33 rotates around the hinge 32. The bottom side of the discharge pipe 31 is opened more than the opening 31a, and the charcoal inside the discharge pipe 31 is based on the weight of the weight 35 and the force to close the lid 33 around the hinge 32 and the charcoal The space between the opening 31a and the lid 33 is adjusted so that the force exerted on the lid 33 is balanced, and coal is continuously or intermittently discharged. Although the opening 31a is slightly open in the coal discharge state, the material is sealed by the coal in the discharge pipe 31.

During such charcoal burning, the non-combustible gas supply device is operated by the stop valve 51.
Is opened and, for example, carbon dioxide gas in the cylinder 47 is slightly discharged to the peat charcoal storage container 43 through the gas supply pipe 46, and the specific gravity difference with air is accumulated in the container 43. The charcoal discharged from the charcoal outlet 12 side falls into the charcoal storage container 43. In this case, since there is no cooling means on the side of the charcoal outlet 12, the charcoal is still at a high temperature and ignites when discharged into the air. However, since the charcoal drops into the carbon dioxide gas in the charcoal storage container 43, the charcoal does not ignite even though it is hot. The charcoal in the container 43 radiates heat and its temperature drops. The carbon dioxide gas in the container 43 does not easily come out of the container, but if the carbon dioxide gas is adjusted from the cylinder 47 with the regulator 48 and supplied to the container 43 slightly, the container 43
At the top of the container, you can discharge carbon dioxide mixed with air,
It is suitable for maintaining the atmosphere of carbon dioxide gas in 43.

In the embodiment, the urchin coal storage container is used as a dolly, but it may be placed on another dolly, or a fork insertion portion may be provided for carrying by a forklift. Moreover, even if the conveyor is fixedly installed inside and the conveyor is carried out from the upper part of the storage container to the outside and the coal is carried out by the conveyor, the combustion of the coal is suppressed by carbon dioxide gas in the storage container, Since it cools while moving in, it does not ignite when it is taken out to the outside, and cooling further proceeds.

In the above, in addition to the lawn mowing debris, twigs with green leaves, waste materials, etc. need to be cut into chips to form chips.

[Effect of device]

In the first invention of the present invention, one of the troughs is used as a raw material input port and the other is used as a coal char outlet so that the raw material is fed by a scraper inside the trough, and an electric heating device is arranged below the trough. The equipment enables continuous production of coal. Further, since the electric heating device is provided, the lower part of the device can be made small, and the entire size can be made small. Since the trough top plate is shared with the conveyor case of the raw material carrying conveyor and the raw material carrying conveyors are stacked on the trough, the raw material is preheated and there is an energy saving effect.

In the second conveyor of the present invention, since the non-combustible gas is introduced into the peat charcoal storage container, the trough outlet side can be shortened to be small, and the peat charcoal discharged can be easily ignited. Can be cooled.

In the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the second aspect, the urchin coal storage container is used as a trolley, so that the crushed coal can be transported to a required place for each trolley.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the BCD and CE shown in FIG. 1 ... Trough, 1a ... Top plate, 1b ... Side plate, 1c ... Trough bottom plate, 2,3 ... Bearing, 4,5 ... Shaft, 6,7,8 ... Sprocket wheel, 9 ... Endless Chain, 10 ... scraper, 11
…… Raw material input port, 12 …… Kun charcoal outlet, 13 …… Electric heating device, 14 …… Conveyor case, 14a …… Inlet, 14b …… Side plate, 15 …… Hopper, 16 …… Shaft, 17 …… Bearing , 18 ……
Shaft, 20 …… scraper, 19,21 …… sprocket wheel, 22 …… chain, 23a, 23b …… gear, 23c …… shaft, 24…
… Sprocket wheels, 25 …… chains, 27 …… motors,
28a, 28b …… sprocket wheel, 29 …… chain, 31…
… Exhaust pipe, 31a …… Opening, 32 …… Hinge, 33 …… Lid, 34…
… Balance weight mounting member, 35 …… Weight, 36 …… Heat insulation material,
38 …… chimney, 39 …… gas burner, 41 …… tar removal cylinder, 42 …… tar receiver, 43 …… charcoal storage container, 44 ……
Wheels, 45 …… Incombustible gas supply device, 46 …… Gas supply pipe,
47 …… cylinder, 48 …… regulator, 49 …… one-touch joint, 51 …… stop valve.

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A sprocket wheel is rotatably supported by horizontal shafts parallel to both ends of a trough laterally arranged in a rectangular cross section, and a pair of sprocket wheels at either one end or both ends is supported. The horizontal shaft is connected to the rotating prime mover, and endless chains with adapters are hung side by side between the sprocket wheels at both ends on the same side, and both ends of the scraper in the cross direction in the traveling direction of each chain are connected to each chain. Attached to one side of the trough, the raw material input port is provided on the other side, and the charcoal outlet is provided on the other side.An electric heating device is arranged at the lower part of the trough. The top plate is stacked as a common member, and the raw material conveying means has a substantially horizontal front part and an inlet in the horizontal part, and a hopper for feeding the raw material is provided on the inlet, and the middle part is a direction in which the intermediate part rises from the horizontal part toward the rear part. An endless chain with a scraper is movably provided in a slanted tubular conveyor case following the case, a drive device for the endless chain is provided, and a trough and a part of the conveyor case overlapping the trough are made of heat insulating material. A covered charcoal making device. 2. A container-like peat charcoal storage container capable of receiving peat charcoal discharged from a peat charcoal outlet, comprising a non-combustible gas supply device which stores a non-combustible gas having a specific gravity higher than that of air. A coal-coal manufacturing device that is open so that it can be charged with coal-coal and has a coal-supplying device that communicates with a non-combustible gas supply device through a gas supply pipe. 3. The coal-coal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the coal-coal storage container is provided with wheels to form a trolley, and the coal-coal storage container and the gas supply pipe are connected by a detachable joint.