JPH07259331A - Construction method and form of concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain retaining wall with a clean surface by spreading a sheet or the like permeating water and gas on a bearing frame body equipped with a large number of openings to form a form, and expanding the sheet with placing pressure of concrete to form uneven patterns. CONSTITUTION:A filterable sheet 7 not permeating solid content except water and gas is spread on the surface contacted with concrete of a bearing frame body 1 equipped with a large number of openings to form a from 3. After that, the form 3 is built up, concrete is placed, and the sheet 7 is expanded with placing pressure thereof to form uneven patterns (dotted lines in a figure). At that time, additional water or gas is eliminated through the sheet 7, and an uneven surface having the clean surface can be formed. The uneven surface is cleanlily washed out, and mosses or seeds of plants and fertile soil can be sprayed on the surface to promote vegetation. In addition, the form is removed after the solidification of the concrete and is reused. According to the constitution, artificial uneven patterns can efficiently be formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for placing concrete in a formwork and constructing a concrete structure, and a formwork.

[0002]

Since the conventional formwork is generally constructed using a formwork plate having a flat surface, the concrete structure constructed by casting concrete in the formwork has a flat surface. , Tended to lack taste.

Further, since the conventional formwork is densely assembled, it is difficult to discharge gas such as excess water and bubbles in the placed concrete, so that the concrete having a high water ratio and good fluidity is used. In the case of casting, it was difficult to obtain a high-strength hardened body, or bubbles in the concrete remained and defects such as pores and pockmark surface were easily generated.

As a measure for compensating for such drawbacks, a filter material such as a woven fabric is superposed on the form plate, and excess water and gas bubbles in the cast concrete are permeated through the filter material and punched in the form plate. There has been proposed a means for discharging from the discharge hole or the gap between the form plates.

However, although such a means can obtain the effect of discharging excess water and mixed bubbles, it has drawbacks such as high cost of the mold and complicated handling. Moreover, the surface of the structure could not be made to have a taste.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. The purpose of this method is to construct concrete structures that can form a relief pattern on the surface, and at the same time to produce the relief patterns, surplus water in the cast concrete and air bubbles are efficiently discharged, resulting in excellent strength and quality. The purpose is to propose a construction method and construction form for concrete structures and moss-covered vegetation surfaces that match the natural landscape around them.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a concrete structure, which comprises placing concrete in a formwork,
In the method of constructing a concrete structure in which the formwork is removed after hardening, sheets are stretched on a support frame that has many openings, the formwork is assembled as a formwork plate, and the sheets are cast by concrete. It is characterized in that a concavo-convex pattern resulting from the bulge of the is formed on the surface of the concrete structure.

The construction method according to claim 2 is the construction method according to claim 1, wherein moisture and gas in the concrete cast as sheets are permeable, but solids are substantially impermeable. Is stretched on the support frame to form an uneven pattern due to the swelling of the sheets, and at the same time, excess moisture and mixed gas are discharged through the sheets.

The construction method according to claim 3 is the construction method according to claim 1, in which the surface having an uneven pattern is washed out,
The surface is sprayed with moss or herbaceous seeds and fertilizer to promote vegetation.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a formwork for placing concrete and for constructing a concrete structure, wherein the formwork is placed on a support frame having a large number of openings, and water and gas in the concrete are poured. Is permeated, but solids are substantially not permeated to form a frame plate by stretching, and a form plate is used.

The support frame used in the present invention has a strength to withstand the pouring pressure at the time of pouring concrete, and is usually made of metal such as iron or aluminum. For example, as shown in FIG. A support frame 1 having a lattice shape and a large number of square openings 2 as shown in (b), or a large number of regular hexagonal openings 2 as shown in (b), or
As shown in (c), it has a large number of circular openings 2.

The sheets used in the present invention include:
Usually, synthetic fiber woven fabrics are used, and those having a performance as a filtering material that can permeate water and gas in the cast concrete but substantially cannot permeate solids are used. In addition, a resin-coated woven fabric, or a water-impermeable or gas-impermeable sheet such as a resin film may be used.

[0013]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.
2 (a) and 2 (b) are a main frame 3 and a press frame 4 which constitute the support frame 1.
All of them have a lattice shape of substantially the same size and have eight openings 2, and the openings 2 of the main frame 3 are in the shape of a square having a side of 40 cm. It should be noted that the main frame 3 and the pressing frame 4 have bolt holes 5 for fixing sheets at corresponding positions, and through holes 6 for a separator for assembling the mold are also formed.

The main frame 3 and the pressing frame 4 are superposed on each other to form a support frame body 1, and as shown in FIG. 3, a sheet 7 is sandwiched and bolts 8 inserted into the bolt holes 5 and 5 '.
Is fastened and the sheets 7 are stretched and fixed to the formwork 1. In the figure, 9 is a washer and 10 is a nut.

In this embodiment, synthetic fiber sheets 7 having water permeability and air permeability and impermeable to solid content in concrete and having filterability were used. The sheets 7 are the main frame 3
A bolt 8 is inserted through a fitting 11 provided at a position corresponding to the bolt hole 5, and a cushion frame 12 is fixed between the main frame 3 and the holding frame 4.

In this way, the support frame 1 composed of the main frame 3 and the pressing frame 4 with the sheets 7 stretched is assembled into a form plate and a formless form. Fig. 4 shows a formwork for constructing a retaining wall, and a support frame 1
The main frame 3 side is an outer surface, and a thick timber 13 is attached and assembled along the vertical and horizontal directions, and 14 is a separator.

In order to connect the support frames 1 to each other when assembling the form, as shown in FIG. 5, the main frames 3 and 3 which are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction and are adjacent to each other are connected to each other with a U-shaped cross section from the outer surface. Fitting the metal fitting 15, the connecting metal fitting 15 and the through hole 16 of the main frames 3 and 3
And connect and fix the connecting pin 17.

When ready-mixed concrete or the like is placed in the frame thus assembled and constructed, as shown in FIG. 5, sheets 7 are formed in units of openings 2 by the injection pressure of mortar.
Swells, and at the same time, excess moisture and gas in the mortar permeate the sheets 7 and are discharged.

After the concrete is hardened, the support frame 1 and the sheets 7 are removed, and the concrete retaining wall structure shown in FIG. 6 is constructed. The surface of this structure has a lattice pattern with the opening 2 as a unit, and a convex and concave pattern with a lattice pattern.
18 is formed. At the same time, by discharging excess water and gas, the water-cement ratio can be lowered, and the structure can be made denser, the strength can be increased, and the porosity can be reduced.

In order to promote the vegetation of moss or herbs on the surface of the structure having an uneven pattern, after the concrete is cast, the hydration reaction reaches a certain stage and before the complete curing, the support frame is Pressured water is sprayed on the filterable sheets stretched over the surface to wash out the surface to form a fine uneven surface with exposed aggregate and the like. After completely hardening and removing the sheets together with the formwork, seeds and fertilizer are sprayed on this surface. Seeds and fertilizer adhere well to the uneven surface pattern and the washed fine uneven surface, promoting greening by moss. In FIG. 6, 19 indicates the moss that has been planted.

In the above embodiment, the sheet 7 having the filterability was used, but the sheet 7 is not limited to this. It is possible to use a resin-coated woven fabric or a resin membrane, which is impermeable to water and gas and has no filterability. In this case, an uneven pattern can be formed by the swelling of the sheets, but drainage, exhaust or washing cannot be performed. It is suitable to be applied when constructing using concrete with a low water cement ratio.

Since the depth degree of the uneven pattern is governed by the elongation tensile modulus of the sheets to be used, the placing pressure at the time of placing concrete, the area and shape of the opening of the supporting frame, these conditions are satisfied. The surface shape can be designed by selecting.

A plain woven fabric using high strength and low elongation synthetic fibers,
Alternatively, sheets in which these plain fabrics are used as a core material and a synthetic resin film is laminated on the surface are preferably used.

[0024]

ACTION AND EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention is as described above, and the construction method and formwork have the following actions and effects.

A modeling uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the concrete structure as a frame opening unit.

Sheets such as woven fabric are used as the components of the form plate, but since they are stretched and supported by the support frame, the retaining wall,
Three-dimensional structures such as upright structures can also be constructed accurately.

When a sheet having filterability is used, surplus water, bubble gas, etc. can be discharged at the same time as forming a concavo-convex pattern, so that densification of concrete structure, high strength, reduction of surface pores, etc. are achieved. .

[0028] The surface of the washed-out uneven structure is easily adhered with moss seeds and fertilizer and has a good water retention property, promoting vegetation and greening, and the surrounding natural landscape. Can be matched well.

The formwork becomes light in weight, the handling construction method is improved, and it is economically excellent.

Since the formwork is removed, it can be used repeatedly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a), (b), (c) is an explanatory view showing an example of a support frame body.

2 (a) and 2 (b) are plan views of a main frame and a press frame that form a support frame.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state where sheets are sandwiched between a main frame and a press frame to form a supporting union.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a retaining wall formwork assembled by using a support frame body in which sheets are stretched.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a formwork in which support frames are connected to each other.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a retaining wall constructed by this construction method.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Support frame, 2 ... Opening part, 3 ... Main frame, 4 ... Holding frame, 5
... bolt holes, 6 ... through holes, 7 ... sheets, 8 ... bolts, 9
… Washers, 10… Nuts, 11… Fasteners, 12… Cushion materials, 13… Thick materials, 14… Separator, 15… Connecting fittings, 16… Through holes, 17… Connecting pins, 18… Irregular patterns, 19… Moss.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for constructing a concrete structure in which concrete is poured into a formwork and the formwork is removed after hardening, and sheets are stretched on a supporting frame body having a large number of openings to form a formwork plate. A method for constructing a concrete structure, comprising assembling a formwork, and forming a concavo-convex pattern on the surface of the concrete structure due to the swelling of sheets due to the pouring pressure of concrete. 2. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein sheets and the like having a filterability are stretched so that water and gas in the cast concrete are permeable and solids are not substantially permeable. Construction method. 3. A surface having an uneven pattern is washed out,
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface is sprayed with moss or herbaceous seeds and fertilizing soil to promote vegetation. 4. A formwork for casting concrete to construct a concrete structure, wherein the formwork allows water and gas in the cast concrete to permeate through a support frame having a large number of openings, but solids content. Is a construction formwork for a concrete structure, characterized in that it is constructed by using a formwork plate formed by stretching sheets that are substantially impermeable to each other and have filterability.