JPH07255706A - Simple blood taking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To solve the difficulty in driving to release pricking by a pressure difference from a hermetic reduced pressure space and to assure sure blood taking in a painless state by indirectly driving a pricking means of a drivable state arranged in the reduced pressure state. CONSTITUTION:A supporting body 2 for a pricking needle is coupled to the pricking needle 1 and assists vertical movement of the pricking needle 1. A casing 3 for sliding is a space for the pricking needle 1 and the supporting body 2 for the pricking needle to slide vertically. A hermetic state is maintained in a suction chamber A when this suction chamber A is pressed onto the blood taking part of a living body. The air in the suction chamber A is released by the effect of a pressure reducing means through a tubular body L to an external pressure reducing means and the reduced pressure state is established in the suction chamber A when a plug body L1 is opened. The skin is raised as if the skin is pulled. The pricking needle 1 is passively pricked into the skin. The pricking needle 1 is thereafter slided upward and is removed from the skin by driving of a driving means K and simultaneously the reduced pressure state is maintained to allow the blood to leach out from the supporting part of the skin by the reduced pressure effect.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple blood collecting device.

[0002]

[Prior art example] In recent years, various adult diseases caused by changes in eating habits and stress, such as diabetic patients, are rapidly increasing. As blood glucose tests and the like in daily life become more commonplace, blood sampling itself has become a major problem. The problem of blood collection pain becomes a more serious problem when it is repeated, but it is becoming a serious problem especially for insulin-dependent patients who have many pediatric patients. Further, in recent years, blood-mediated diseases have become a social problem, and even in order to prevent particularly serious diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis, there is a demand for a device that can repeatedly collect blood by itself without burdening the patient. However, a blood sampling device that satisfies these conditions has not been proposed yet.

[0003]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Recently, the following proposals have been made. That is, the reduced-pressure suction is intensively performed locally on the skin surface of the living body. With local vacuum suction,
The inside of the skin surface becomes hyperemic, and the epidermis expands and rises. The raised skin comes into contact with the puncturing means set in a predetermined position in advance. Since the swelled skin is in a sufficiently expanded state, the puncture means easily pierces the skin (epidermis, etc.). After a predetermined time, a releasing operation such as pulling out the puncture means is performed, and further vacuum suction is performed. By removing the puncture means from the skin during the course of decompression suction, the part that was closed by the piercing part (tip part) of the puncture means can be opened and blood can be exposed. It is a suggestion. In this proposal, since suction is performed locally, even if the puncture means penetrates the skin, no pain is felt because it is canceled by the irritation due to the suction, but the puncture means is released. When performing the operation, it is necessary to consider the movement of the puncture means across the two spaces, the suction decompression space and the atmospheric pressure space.

In view of the above, according to the present invention, the pressure of the decompressed space is obtained by the blood collecting device which is constituted by the decompression chamber, the living-body skin suction portion, the puncturing means, and the puncture releasing (pulling out) means for indirectly driving the puncturing means. A device that collects blood in a painless state without fail is realized by solving the difficulty in driving the puncture release due to the difference.

That is, by indirectly driving the puncturing means in a drivable state arranged in an airtight depressurized space, the suction depressurized volume is minimized and the driving means,
This made it possible to reduce the size of the pressure reducing means. The indirect drive of the puncture means means that the puncture means and the drive means are connected and driven by a magnetic force, an electrostatic force, pressure, or the like, or the puncture means and the drive means for releasing are integrated. Further, there is exemplified a case where the trigger for driving the driving means is caused by an external operation with respect to a state in which these integrated objects are arranged in an airtight decompression space. As the driving means, for example, an electromagnet unit, a motor, a piezoelectric body, a spring, air pressure, etc. are shown. The depressurizing means shown in the present invention is a means for sucking the surface of a living body skin, and examples thereof include mechanically or chemically performing a depressurizing function manually or automatically, but are not particularly limited. . Examples of the decompression chamber include, for example, an airtight means, an ampoule or a cassette-like object that is formed in a decompressed state in advance by a decompression device, or a device that causes a suction action by giving a temperature change to the molecular sieve, and a decompression device. As a standard of decompression, about -360 mmHg is shown. However, since the amount of decompression varies depending on the size of the airtight decompression chamber, the puncture time, etc., it is not possible to specify it because it is necessary to comply with the situation. Further, the puncturing means is exemplified by a plurality of or a single needle (a needle such as an injection needle or a blood sampling needle generally used in hospitals), a hollow needle, a sawtooth side needle, a fine needle for acupuncture and the like. Is. The length of the puncture means is preferably about several hundred (μm) to several (mm), but is not particularly limited. This length is determined by the size of the entire device. When the puncturing means is a needle, the size is 0.70 mm (gauge number 2
2G) and above are shown, but in other cases may have smaller diameters. Further, the arrangement structure is arranged at the central portion of the suction portion or at the peripheral portion thereof, and it is sufficient if it is capable of penetrating the epidermis painlessly and effectively by utilizing the expansion movement of the epidermis by vacuum suction. The puncture releasing means is means for indirectly releasing the state in which the puncturing means pierces the skin, and mainly operates at a predetermined time during vacuum suction. The operation of releasing the puncture is, for example, an operation of pulling out the needle in the case of puncturing with a needle. There are various configurations for releasing the puncture means, including a configuration for triggering the driving means for manually releasing the puncture means, all or part of puncture release, and a series of operations including suction operation. The composition etc. which are done automatically are listed. In addition, the suction action is performed continuously or intermittently until blood collection is substantially achieved, or when the vacuum suction is once stopped, the puncture is released, and the vacuum suction is restarted. There is also. The means for performing vacuum suction at this time may be different from the means for performing vacuum suction first.

[0006]

1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
(1) is a puncture needle having the above-described length, thickness and the like. (2) is a support for the puncture needle, which is connected to the puncture needle (1) and mainly assists the vertical movement of the puncture needle (1). Reference numeral (3) denotes a sliding housing, which is a space mainly for vertically sliding the puncture needle (1) and the puncture needle support (2). Further, the sliding housing (3) has a locking role for preventing the puncture needle (1) from further descending toward the skin, or for preventing the left and right swings. But also. (A) is a suction chamber, and is inside the cup-shaped body (AA) opened downward. The cup-shaped body is made of a material that does not easily deform, such as hard plastic. An airtight state is formed by bringing the opening edge portion (AS) on the side surface of the suction chamber (A) into contact with the skin. (K) is a driving means, which is constituted by an electromagnet, a piezoelectric body, etc., and the nature of the puncture needle support (2) may be specified by this driving means. (L) is a tubular body, and is connected to a pressure reducing means (not shown) via the plug body (L1). Stopper (L
1) is for opening or closing manually or automatically. Note that this is not particularly required. The sliding housing (3) is inside the suction chamber (A), and the inside of the sliding housing (3) is connected to the suction chamber (A).

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 1A, the suction chamber (A) is brought into contact with the living blood sampling site. At this time, the puncture needle (1) is in a state of being separated from the surface of the living body skin (HF) or in a state of being in slight contact with it. The contact at this time means that, in the case of continuous contact with the hand, an adhesive layer is formed on the contact surface of the opening edge (AS) on the side surface of the suction chamber with the skin, and the contact is first made with the hand and then the contact is made. The case is shown in which the adhesive force of the agent layer is used to independently maintain contact. Due to this contact, the inside of the suction chamber is in a sealed state. Next, the stopper (L1) is opened. Due to the action of the decompression means, the air inside the suction chamber (A) escapes to the external decompression means via the pipe (L), the inside of the suction chamber (A) is in a decompressed state, and the skin rises so that it is also pulled. . By this rise, the puncture needle (1) passively penetrates the skin (FIG. 1 (b)).
The puncture needle (1) is preferably in a fixed state, but may be set to such an extent that at least the raised skin can resist the pushing force of the puncture needle (1) upward. The counter force may be, for example, only weighting the support body (2) for the puncture needle, or may utilize the repulsive force of the magnetic force generated by the drive of the drive means (K). When the puncture needle (1) has been pierced or after the puncture state has passed for a certain period of time, the puncture needle (1) is slid upward by the drive of the drive means (K). Pulled out of the skin. Further, the reduced pressure state is maintained. Blood is leached from the puncture site of the skin due to this depressurizing action. Since the suction chamber (A) is in a closed state and is kept in a depressurized state unless it comes into contact with the outside air, the stopper (L1) may operate only at the start of depressurization. In this case, the end of the suction operation of the skin means that the suction chamber (A) is removed from the skin. The depth of the puncture wound due to the passive puncture of the skin with the puncture needle (1) depends on the magnitude of the suction force generated by decompression, but is usually 0. It is very limited to around several mm. Therefore, since the distance over which the needle slides is short, the size of the sliding housing (3) can be small, and the driving means (K) for driving the puncture needle (1) can be small.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a more specific embodiment of the present invention. (1) is a puncture needle having the above-described length, thickness and the like. (2) is a support for a puncture needle, which is made of a magnetic material. The support for puncture needle (2) is combined with the puncture needle (1), and the pole of the surface (21) opposite to the coupling surface with the puncture needle (1) has, for example, a (+) pole. . (3) is a case for sliding, and a hole (3
1) Ventilation holes (32) and (33) are provided on both sides of the electromagnet unit (5). The puncture needle support (2) is housed inside the sliding housing (3) and can slide up and down in the sliding space (34). When the puncture needle support (2) slides up and down, the puncture needle (1) can also slide up and down in conjunction with each other. Reference numeral (4) denotes a valve element, which is slid above and below the ventilation holes (32) and (33) formed on the side surface of the sliding housing (3). The valve body (4) is arranged so as to straddle the electromagnet unit (5), and the straddling portion (connecting portion (41)) has magnetism. Its magnetism is, for example, that the surface facing the electromagnet unit (5) has a (+) pole. (5) is an electromagnet unit, and portions (51) and (52) are magnetized by electric energy from the outside. When (51) is the (+) pole, (52) is the (-) pole and vice versa. (6) is a control unit, which is an electric energy supply source such as a dry battery, a button battery, and a secondary battery,
And an electric circuit for adjusting the polarity of the electromagnet unit, an arithmetic circuit including a microcomputer for measuring the timing of pulling out the puncture needle, and the like. (7) is a decompression chamber, which forms a contact surface with the skin surface. The peripheral edge of the decompression chamber (7) and the second contact body (8)
The double protrusion of the contact body (9) is formed, and the first contact body (8) is set to be higher than the second contact body (9). (10) is a decompression communication path, which connects the decompression chamber (7) and the decompression means (12),
Electromagnetic unit (5), housing (3) for sliding valve body (4)
It is formed to include the periphery of. (11) is a pressure reducing valve that is opened automatically or manually. (12) is a decompression means, which is formed by a decompression pipe or a decompression pump having a power source. The entire size (001) including these components is such that it can be used by hand. Depending on the size of the decompression means and the driving means, the size may be smaller, or may be about the size of a table when it takes time to collect blood.

Next, the operation will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the decompression chamber (7) is brought into contact with the skin surface (HF).
At this time, the (51) part of the electromagnet (5) is the (+) pole,
The control unit (6) outputs electric power so that the portion (52) becomes the (-) pole. This output is the output end (01),
(02). The valve body (4) is an electromagnet (5).
Since the (52) part of () is the (-) pole, the connecting part (41) of the valve body (4) is joined to the (52) part, and the ventilation holes (32) (33) are the valve bodies. The sliding space (34) is in the closed state due to (4), and is in the atmospheric pressure state. Next, the pressure reducing valve (11) is opened. As shown in Figure 4,
The first contact body (8) and the second contact body (9) are skin (HF)
The skin is swollen and engorged with blood by suction of the portion surrounded by the second contact body (9). Due to this rise, the puncture needle (1) and the skin make contact and pierce.
At this time, since the sliding space (34) is at atmospheric pressure, the puncture needle support (2) is pushed downward, so that the puncture needle (1) is fixed.

After the puncture needle (1) comes into contact with the skin and penetrates, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the control unit (6) causes the output end (0
1) Invert the output polarity of (02). The part (51) of the electromagnet unit (5) is the (-) pole, and the part (52) is the (+) pole. Since the portion (52) of the electromagnet unit (5) becomes the (+) pole, the connecting portion (41) of the valve body (4)
Is repulsed and pushed upwards. At the same time as the connecting portion (41) of the valve body (4) is pushed upward, the ventilation hole (3
2) (33) is opened, and since the facing surface (21) of the puncture needle support (2) is the (+) pole, the portion (51) of the electromagnet unit (5) having the (-) pole. Is sucked into
The puncture needle support (2) slides upward. Skin (H
The puncture needle (1) piercing F) separates from the skin. Further, the depressurizing operation is continued. As shown in FIG. 6, the skin (H
Blood (B) comes out from the piercing part given to F) so as to be sucked out.

In the above embodiment, since the puncturing means is slid indirectly, there is no influence of the atmospheric pressure difference, so that easy sliding is possible. As a result, the energy of the battery serving as the driving source can be reduced, so that the size can be reduced, and the electromagnet unit serving as the driving means can be small. The sliding distance of the puncture means is such that the skin puncture depth is 0.
Since it is around several mm (several mm depending on the suction force),
It suffices if at least the distance corresponding to this depth is increased. Therefore, the size of the sliding housing shown in FIG. 2 described above also takes into consideration the sliding distance of the puncturing means, and the size can be further reduced. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, decompression, suction of the skin, puncture of the skin caused by suction, release of the puncture means, suction by simply contacting the device itself with the skin and operating the equipped start switch. The process was automatically performed and was integrated into a handheld size, but it is not always necessary to integrate it, and the decompression means is a separate unit. Good. Further, as described above, it is not necessary to make it a fully automatic type, and a part may be made a manual type.

[0012]

As described in detail above, the present invention has the effect of solving the difficulty of puncture release driving due to the pressure difference from the decompressed space and being able to collect blood in a painless and reliable manner.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1]

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 3]

[Figure 4]

[Figure 5]

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a case where the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 puncture needle 2 puncture needle support 3 sliding housing 4 valve body 5 electromagnet unit 6 control unit 7 decompression chamber (suction chamber) 8 first contact body 9 second contact body 10 decompression connection path 11 decompression valve 12 decompression valve means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A simple blood sampling apparatus comprising a decompression means, an airtight suction chamber having a puncture means, and a puncture release means for indirectly driving to puncture the puncture means.