JPH07255271A - Culture of maitake and culture bag therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for culture of MAITAKE (G. Frondosa S.F, Gray), carried out by filling a plastic culture bag with a culture medium composed mainly of sawdust, and culturing a spore of MAITAKE according to the bed culture method and capable of increasing the yield of MAITAKE per weight of culture medium and a culture bag therefor. CONSTITUTION:The method for culture of MAITAKE is carried out by perforating one hole in a bag face, covering the perforated hole with an air-permeable porous film capable of preventing permeation of various germs to prepare a polyolefin bag, filling the bag with a culture medium, applying sterilization treatment, tight sealing treatment and inoculation treatment to the medium, growing spores of MAITAKE for a prescribed period to form anlagen, subsequently opening the mouth of the bag and glowing the fruit body. In this culture method, the value of the upper part area (mm<2>) of the culture medium/the thickness (mm) of the culture medium is controlled to 160 to 500mm and the value of (the length from the bag bottom to the lower end of perforated hole)/(the circumferential length of bag) in the culture bad before filling with the medium is controlled to 0.24 to 0.42.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the cultivation of Maitake fungi by culturing Maitake mushrooms in a plastic bag with a medium containing sawdust as a main component. The present invention relates to a method for growing Maitake mushrooms and a growing bag.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when cultivating Maitake mushrooms, a single perforation is provided in the upper part of a bag made of polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and the perforation is covered with a porous film that allows air to pass but does not allow germs to pass. Was using. That is, in this cultivating bag, mainly nutritious substances such as sawdust and bran of hardwood are blended, sterilized under high temperature pressure by adjusting the water content, cooled and inoculated, and perforated with the bag mouth covered with the porous film. Is cultivated so that it is right above the surface of the medium, and it is cultivated in a room at about 25 ° C. and 60% relative humidity until mycelia are fully spread and primordia are formed, and then the bag mouth is broken. The method of forming a fruiting body was adopted.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above method,
Since it is considered that a large amount of medium is required to harvest a large amount of Maitake mushrooms from one culture bag, the length from the bag bottom of the medium bag to the perforation is increased in order to fill as much medium as possible. Tended to. However, the yield of maitake mushrooms per medium has an important industrial significance as well as the harvest of large maitake mushrooms. Therefore, the present inventors have completed the present invention by studying under what conditions the yield of maitake mushrooms per unit weight of the medium increases.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its constitution is to provide a single perforation on the bag surface, and to cover the perforation with a porous film that allows air to pass but prevents germs from passing. Fill the polyolefin bag with the medium with (a) Sterilize the medium, and (b) Seal the upper part of the culture bag above the porous film so that the porous film is located above the medium without contacting the medium. To do
(C) After sterilization, each step of inoculating into a cooled medium is carried out, and Maitake mushroom is propagated in the medium for a predetermined period to form a primordia,
Thereafter, in the method for cultivating Maitake mushrooms by breaking the bag mouth to grow fruiting bodies of Maitake mushrooms, the area (mm ² ) of the upper part of the medium / the thickness (mm) of the medium is 160 to 500 mm, and In a Maitake mushroom culture bag made of polyolefin, in which one perforation is provided on the bag surface, and the perforation is covered with a porous film that allows air to pass and miscellaneous bacteria to pass, before filling the medium (from the bag bottom to the lower end of the perforation Length) / (perimeter of bag) is 0.20 to 0.42, preferably 0.25
It is characterized by being 0.40.

The bag material used in the present invention may be a bag material that is transparent and easy to make into a bag, and can withstand steam sterilization at 125 ° C. for 5 to 6 hours. In particular, polyolefins such as polypropylene and high-density polyethylene are preferable materials. The shape of the bag becomes a prismatic shape when the medium is filled when folded in a gusset. Also, in the case of a bag in which a tubular film is simply folded in two and the bottom is fused, it becomes a cylindrical shape when medium is filled.

In the present invention, one perforation is provided in the upper part of the culture bag, and the perforation is covered with a porous film that allows air to pass through but prevents germs from passing through. The porous film must be in close contact with the periphery of the perforations. Generally, it is preferable that the porous film or the reinforcing material for the porous film and the porous film is made of a heat-fusible plastic material and heat-bonded around the perforations of the medium. The position of the perforation requires that the medium does not come into contact with the perforation when a predetermined amount of the medium is filled, and further, there should be a margin to allow the perforation covered with the porous film to remain firmly adhered to the upper part of the bag. It is necessary to have.

A feature of the present invention is that, in the above-mentioned culture bag, the area (mm ² ) of the upper part of the medium / the thickness of the medium is 160 to 500.
mm, preferably 180 to 350 mm, more preferably 200 to 300 mm. However, the medium thickness need not be infinitely thin, but at least 50 mm, preferably 60 mm. The area of the upper part of the medium is also 800 mm ² or more, preferably 20,000 to 30,000 mm ² . As for the bag used for such a culture method, naturally, the length from the bag bottom to the lower end of the perforation is important. For example, vertical 120
mm, width 60 mm from the bottom of the bag in the case of 200 mm
Forms the bottom of the culture medium, and the length required to reach the culture medium surface is 60 mm plus the thickness of the culture medium. Further, since the perforation covered with the porous film is located at the upper part of the medium without coming into contact with the medium, it is preferable to secure a length substantially equal to the length required for the bag bottom. Therefore,
For the culture bag, (area of the upper part of the medium) / (thickness of the medium) can be expressed as (length from bottom of bag to lower end of perforation) / (peripheral length of bag), which is included in the present invention. Is 0.25 to 0.42, preferably 0.25 to 0.40.

When the method of the present invention is carried out, the steps of (a) sterilization of the medium, (b) sealing of the upper part of the culture bag, and (c) inoculation of the medium are required, but the order is not always ), (B), (c) does not have to be in this order, and (a)
The inoculation of (c) may be performed after the sterilization step. For example, the upper part of the bag of (b) is sealed, and when the internal pressure of the bag is applied, the bag is sealed so that steam can be released, and then the sterilization process of (a) is performed, and then from the body of the culture bag. It is also possible to inoculate liquid inoculum with an injection needle to inoculate (c). Furthermore, there is also a method in which after sterilizing the medium of (a), inoculation of (c) is performed and finally the culture bag of (b) is sealed.

[0009]

The present invention has been completed in the cultivation of Maitake mushrooms by finding that the smaller the thickness relative to the area above the medium, the greater the yield of Maitake mushrooms per unit medium. Furthermore, this relationship can be expressed as the shape of the bag, and the thickness of the medium is expressed as the length from the bag bottom. Generally, the diameter of the bag plus the thickness of the medium is the length from the bag bottom to the lower end of the perforation. That is, 1 from the bottom of the bag
A length of / 2 forms the bottom of the medium and about this same length is used to position the perforated film-coated perforations on the medium without contact with the medium. Further, although the areas of the culture media do not necessarily match exactly, they can be expressed as the length around the culture bag. Therefore, (length from bottom of bag to lower end of perforation) / (perimeter of bag) is 0.20 to 0.42, preferably 0.25 to
It was found that the yield of Maitake mushroom per unit medium can be increased when it is 0.40. When the amount of medium is small, the time required for culturing is also shortened to some extent.

[0010]

[Example] A culture bag was used in which a tub having a 640 mm outer circumference was provided with gusset folds of 60 mm at both ends and a lower end was fused. Therefore, this fusion-bonding bag has a width of 200 mm in the folded state. A perforation having a diameter of 28 mm was formed on one surface of the culture bag where no gusset was folded. The lower end of the perforation is 280 mm, 250 mm from the bag bottom,
Experiment numbers 3 to 7 were used by using various culture bags so that they were positioned at 220 mm, 200 mm, and 170 mm. As a matter of course, the perforation was surely covered with a porous film and heat-sealed around the periphery. Separately, the same culture bag as described above was used except that the apparent bag width was 120 mm, the gusset folds at both ends were 50 mm, and the diameter of the perforations was 20 mm. In this case, the lengths from the bag bottom to the perforated bottom end were 250 mm and 195 mm, and the experiment numbers 1 and 2 were set.

A medium mixed with the following formulation was used. Oga powder 200kg Bran 36kg Corn bran 14kg Tap water 230kg

Ten kinds of 7 kinds of culture bags shown in Table 1 were prepared, and each culture bag was filled with the amount of the medium shown in Table 1, and 125
It was sterilized by heating at ℃ for about 5 hours. After cooling, the cells were inoculated in a sterile room. Maitake SF73 was used as the inoculum. In Experiment No. 1, holes having a depth of about 120 mm were provided at two locations evenly arranged, and the inoculum was dropped into these holes. Experiment number 2
Then, the same as Experiment No. 1 was performed except that the depth of the hole was 70 mm. In experiment numbers 3 to 7, a total of 6 holes were provided in two rows substantially evenly, and the inoculum was dropped into these holes. The depth of the hole is 130 mm in experiment number 3 and 100 mm in experiment number 4,
Experiment number 5 was 70 mm, experiment number 6 was 60 mm, and experiment number 7 was 30 mm.

Immediately after inoculation of the seeds, the bag mouth was sealed to prevent invasion of germs, and the culture was continued in a room at 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%. Table 1 also shows the average number of days required until mycelium spread, the entire medium was whitened, and the formation of the primordia of Maitake mushrooms was observed in the center of the medium. Then, the bag mouth was broken, and the fruiting body of Maitake mushroom was grown and harvested. The yield of each experiment number was calculated as an average value of 10 samples and is also shown in Table 1.

[0014]

[Table 1]

[0015]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a larger amount of Maitake can be harvested by using a much smaller amount of medium than the conventional one.
The present invention also provides a maitake mushroom culture bag suitable for such an efficient method. In the prior art,
Since a large-sized Maitake mushroom was obtained, it was sold in a shape that could not be broken and kept in its original shape.However, according to the present invention, a culture bag similar to the conventional technology is used, and only the amount of the medium is reduced, and the same method is used. By culturing, a slightly smaller Maitake mushroom can be obtained. Small maitake mushrooms can be retailed in the same round, round shape, and the commercial value is improved.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A culture medium is filled in a bag made of polyolefin, which is formed by forming a single perforation on the bag surface, and covering the perforation with a porous film that allows air to pass but does not allow miscellaneous bacteria to pass, and the following (a) and (b) are provided: ) And (c), (a) sterilize the medium, (b) above the porous film of the culture bag, without the porous film coming into contact with the medium,
(C) After sterilization, inoculate in a cooled medium, propagate Maitake fungi in the medium for a predetermined period to form primordia, and then rupture the bag mouth and maitake mushrooms. In the method for cultivating Maitake mushrooms, the area of the upper part of the medium (mm ² ) / the thickness of the medium (mm) is 160 to 500 m.
A method of cultivating Maitake mushrooms, characterized in that it is m. 2. A maitake culture bag made of polyolefin, comprising one perforation provided on the bag surface, and the perforation is covered with a porous film that allows air to pass but does not allow miscellaneous bacteria to pass (from the bag bottom A cultivation bag for Maitake mushrooms, characterized in that the length to the lower end of the perforations) / (the length around the bag) is 0.20 to 0.42. 3. The (length from the bag bottom to the lower end of the perforation) / (peripheral length of the bag) before the medium is filled is 0.25 to 0.40. Maitake mushroom cultivation bag described.