JPH07253724A - Transfer material carrying member and image forming device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the adhesion of machine oil and a crack caused by mechanical and electrical external force and to enhance durability by containing polyester resin and hardened resin in a surface layer on a substrate. CONSTITUTION:A transfer material carrying member 11 has the surface layer on the substrate and the surface layer contains the polyester resin and the hardened resin. The member 11 is attached to a cylinder 10 having an aperture 10a on its outer peripheral surface and used, and a gripper 15 is provided adjacently to the aperture 10a on the cylinder 10. The transfer material such as recording paper and a plastic film to which recording is performed is carried on the member 11 in a state where its end is gripped with the gripper 15. The cylinder 10 is provided adjacently to a photoreceptor and the transfer material fed from a paper supply part with a resist roller is carried on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 10. A discharger for transfer and a discharger for destaticization are arranged on the inside of the cylinder 10 and the discharger for destaticization is arranged on the outside thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transfer material carrying member and an image forming apparatus using the transfer material carrying member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are various image forming apparatuses such as electrophotographic copying machines and printers. In these image forming apparatuses, recording is performed by transferring toner or ink to a transfer material such as recording paper or a plastic film.

At the time of recording, a transfer material such as a recording paper or a plastic film is carried on a transfer material carrying member.

In the electrophotographic apparatus, for example, the transfer material carrying member is subjected to various mechanical or electrical external forces such as transfer material transfer, transfer charging, charge removal and cleaning, and therefore has durability against these external forces, that is, mechanical strength. Strength,
Various properties such as excellent wear resistance, electrical durability, and excellent lubricity for cleaning members are required.

In particular, in recent years, in order to realize higher image quality, the developer has a particle size of 10 μm or less and an average particle size of 8 μm.
So-called small toner particles having a size of about μm have come to be used. Therefore, it is necessary to further tighten the conditions for cleaning the toner attached on the transfer material carrying member.

[0006]

Conventionally, a resin film such as Teflon, polyester, polyvinylidene fluoride, triacetate, and polycarbonate has been used as a transfer material carrying member.
Occasionally, cracks were generated on the surface due to attachment of mechanical oil or the above mechanical or electrical external force. If a crack occurs in the transfer material carrying member, the electrical characteristics of that portion change, so when the toner is transferred to the transfer material, uneven transfer (non-uniform transfer amount of toner) or transfer failure (transfer failure) occurs. Toner should not be transferred).

Therefore, it has been proposed to form a surface layer by coating the surface of the transfer material carrying member with a polyester resin or the like. However, there have been problems that bubbles and pinholes are generated in the surface layer, and the surface layer is worn out during repeated image formation, and a clear image cannot be obtained.

The present invention provides a transfer material carrying member excellent in durability and free from cracks caused by the attachment of mechanical oil, mechanical or electrical external force, and an image forming apparatus using the transfer material carrying member. The purpose is to do.

[0009]

The transfer material carrying member of the present invention has a surface layer on a substrate, and the surface layer contains a polyester resin and a cured resin.

Further, the image forming apparatus of the present invention forms an electrostatic latent image by performing an image exposure on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, charging means for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and the charged electrophotographic photosensitive member. Image exposing means, developing means for developing the electrophotographic photosensitive member on which the electrostatic latent image is formed with toner to form a toner image, and the above transfer material carrying a transfer material to which the toner image is transferred. And a carrying member.

The transfer material carrying member of the present invention has a surface layer on a substrate, and the surface layer contains a polyester resin and a cured resin. Further, the transfer material carrying member of the present invention contains a silicone-based graft polymer in the surface layer. The surface layer is formed on one side or both sides of the substrate.

The polyester resin is a polymer obtained by condensation of an acid component and an alcohol component.

Examples of the acid component include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid; alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as hexahydroterephthalic acid. Acid; an oxycarboxylic acid such as hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid can be used.

As the glycol component, for example, ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethylol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or the like can be used.

The polyester resin used in the present invention preferably has a high molecular weight, and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.4 dl / g or more, more preferably 0.5 dl / g or more, especially 0.65 dl, which is a parameter corresponding to the viscosity average molecular weight. / G or more is preferable. The intrinsic viscosity is a value measured in orthochlorophenol at a temperature of 36 ° C.

The polyester resin used in the present invention preferably has a melting point of 160 ° C. or higher, more preferably 200 ° C. or higher. The high melting point polyester resin has high crystallinity, and the polymer chain of the polyester resin and the polymer chain of the cured resin are intimately entangled with each other to form a highly durable surface layer. In the present invention, the melting point is a value measured by DSC.

As the high melting point polyester resin, for example, polyalkylene terephthalate resin and polyalkylene naphthalate resin are preferable. The polyalkylene terephthalate resin uses terephthalic acid as an acid component and alkylene glycol as a glycol component. The polyalkylene naphthalate resin uses naphthalenecarboxylic acid as an acid component and alkylene glycol as a glycol component.

Specific examples of preferable polyalkylene terephthalate resins include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mainly composed of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and terephthalic acid and 1,4-tetramethylene glycol (1,4-butylene glycol). Mainly composed of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), mainly composed of terephthalic acid and cyclohexanedimethylol, polycyclohexyl dimethylene terephthalate (PC
T) etc. can be mentioned.

Specific examples of preferable polyalkylene naphthalate-based resins include polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) mainly composed of a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid component and an ethylene glycol component.

The polyester resin may be a copolymer of a polyfunctional compound such as pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, pyromellitic acid or derivatives thereof, as long as it is a substantially linear polymer.

The cured resin used in the present invention is a resin which is polymerized or crosslinked by light or heat. The photocurable resin component is preferably an ionically polymerizable or ionically crosslinkable resin component. Ion-polymerizable or ion-crosslinkable compounds do not prevent polymerization or crosslinking by oxygen in the air, and therefore form a surface layer having more excellent durability.

As the cured resin, for example, epoxy resin,
Urethane resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin and the like are preferable, and among them, cationically polymerizable resin is preferable.

The cation-polymerizable resin is preferably, for example, a resin mainly containing an epoxy resin having two or more oxirane rings in one molecule. As this type of epoxy resin, for example, a bisphenol type epoxy resin, a novolac type epoxy resin, an alicyclic epoxy resin, a butadiene type epoxy resin or the like is used.

As the bisphenol type epoxy resin,
For example, Epicoat 828, Epicoat 834, Epicoat 836, Epicoat 1001, Epicoat 1004,
Epicoat 1007, Epicoat 190P, Epicoat 191P (above, trade name: Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.),
DER331, DER332, DER661, DER6
64, DER667 (above, trade name: Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.), Araldite 260, Araldite 280, Araldite 6071, Araldite 6084, Araldite 6097 (above, Trade name: Ciba Geigy), etc., and these are used alone or in a mixture. Used.

As the novolac type epoxy resin, for example, Epicoat 152, Epicoat 154 (these are trade names: manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.), Araldite EPN1.
138, Araldite EPN1139, Araldite E
Examples include CN1235, Araldite ECN1273, Araldite ECN1280, Araldite ECN1299 (above, trade name: manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), and these are used alone or in combination.

As the alicyclic epoxy resin, for example, Epicoat 190P, Epicoat 191P (above, trade name:
Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.), Araldite CY175,
Araldite CY177, Araldite CY179, Araldite CY192 (above, trade name: manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), ERL4221, ERL4229, ERL423
4 (above, trade name: manufactured by Union Carbide Co.) and the like, and they are used alone or as a mixture.

For the cationically polymerizable compound used in the present invention, a monofunctional epoxy diluent may be used within a range that does not deteriorate the curing characteristics. Examples of such monofunctional epoxy diluents include phenyl glycidyl ether and t-butyl glycidyl ether.

It is also possible to use a cationically polymerizable vinyl compound mixed with the above-mentioned epoxy resin. Examples of such cationically polymerizable vinyl compound include styrene, allylbenzene, triallyl isocyanate, triallyl cyanate and vinyl ether. , N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone and the like.

The curing treatment of the cured resin used in the present invention can be carried out by heat curing, but it is preferable to perform photocuring by irradiation of ultraviolet rays.

When the cured resin is cured, a photopolymerization initiator or a thermal polymerization initiator may be used if necessary.
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator that releases the Lewis acid that initiates the polymerization of the cationically polymerizable compound upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays include aromatic diazonium salts, aromatic halonium salts, and VIb.
Examples thereof include light-sensitive aromatic onium salts of Group Vb elements. Examples of the thermal polymerization initiator include organic metal salts, organic metal complexes, acid anhydrides, amines and the like.

The silicone-based graft polymer used in the present invention has a structure in which a silicone-containing side chain is bonded to the main chain in a branched manner. Such a silicone-based graft polymer can be obtained by copolymerizing a modified silicone having a side chain with a silicone and having a polymerizable functional group at the terminal with a compound having a polymerizable functional group. The modified silicone is obtained by a condensation reaction between the following general formula (I) or (II) and the following general formula (III). The modified silicone has the following general formulas (I) and (II)
Both may be formed by reacting with the general formula (III).

[0032]

[Outside 2]

R _{1 to} R ₇ and R ₉ represent an alkyl group or an aryl group. R ₈ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group. X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group. j and k are positive integers and 1
˜1000, more preferably 10 to 500 is preferable. l is 0
The integer of 10 is shown and 0-4 are especially preferable. m represents 0 or 1. n shows the integer of 1-3.

The alkyl group represented by R _{1 to} R ₉ is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.

The aryl group represented by R _{1 to} R ₉ is preferably, for example, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.

The aralkyl group represented by R ₈ is preferably, for example, a benzyl group, a phenethyl group or a phenylpropyl group.

As the halogen atom represented by X, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine is preferable, and chlorine is particularly preferable.

The alkoxy group represented by X is preferably a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group, and particularly preferably a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or 2-
A methoxy-ethoxy group is preferred.

R _{1 to} R ₉ may have a substituent. Examples of such a substituent include fluorine, chlorine,
A halogen atom such as bromine; an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl and propyl; an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy are preferable.

The alkoxy group represented by X may also have a substituent. Such substituents are the same as the substituents exemplified above.

Preferred examples of the general formulas (I) to (III) are shown below.

[0042]

[Outside 3]

[0043]

[Outside 4]

[0044]

[Outside 5]

[0045]

[Outside 6]

[0046]

[Outside 7]

[0047]

[Outside 8]

[0048]

[Outside 9]

[0049]

[Outside 10]

[0050]

[Outside 11]

[0051]

[Outside 12]

[0052]

[Outside 13]

[0053]

[Outside 14]

[0054]

[Outside 15]

[0055]

[Outside 16]

[0056]

[Outside 17]

[0057]

[Outside 18]

[0058]

[Outside 19]

[0059]

[Outside 20]

[0060]

[Outside 21]

[0061]

[Outside 22]

The condensation reaction of the general formulas (I) to (III) is
For example, JP-A-58-167606 and JP-A-59-
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 126478, stable modified silicone can be obtained by controlling the reaction molar ratio and reaction conditions.

As the compound having a polymerizable functional group which is copolymerized with the modified silicone, a polymerizable monomer having no silicon atom, or a molecular weight having no silicon atom and having a polymerizable functional group at the terminal is used. Macromonomers composed of relatively low molecular weight polymers are mentioned. The number average molecular weight of the macromonomer is 1,000 to 10,000.
Is preferred. In the present invention, the number average molecular weight is GP
It is a value measured by the C (gel permeation chromatography) method.

Examples of the above-mentioned polymerizable monomer or macromonomer include linear unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene and butylene; vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride and vinyl fluoride; organic substances such as vinyl acetate. Vinyl esters of acids; vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, vinyl pyridine, vinyl naphthalene; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and their derivatives, acrylic acid containing amide or acrylonitrile, and methacrylic acid derivatives; N-vinylcarbazole, N -Vinylpyrrolidone,
N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinylcaprolactam, vinylsilicon compounds such as vinyltriethoxysilane, disubstituted ethylenes such as vinylidene fluoride and vinylidene chloride;
Maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid ester and the like are preferable.

As the polymerization method of the silicone-based graft polymer, radical polymerization such as solution polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, bulk polymerization method and the like can be applied, but the radical polymerization method by the solution polymerization method is simple and preferable.

The copolymerization ratio is preferably 5 to 90% by weight, more preferably 10 to 70% by weight, as the content of the modified silicone in the silicone-based graft polymer. The molecular weight of the obtained silicone-based graft polymer is 500 to 100,000, especially 1,000 to 5 as a number average molecular weight.
10,000 is preferable.

The content of the polyester resin contained in the surface layer is 30 to 98% by weight, and further 35 to 35% by weight based on the surface layer.
95% by weight is preferred. The content of the cured resin is preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 8 to 45 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin. When the surface layer contains a silicone-based graft polymer,
The content of the silicone-based graft polymer is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the surface layer. When the polymerization initiator is contained, the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cured resin.

In addition to the above, other thermoplastic resins such as polycarbonate, polyamide, polyarylate, polyoxymethylene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene / propylene copolymer, polystyrene, styrene are used for the surface layer. -A butadiene copolymer or the like may be contained.

The transfer material carrying member of the present invention has a substrate surface layer. As the substrate, for example, a resin film of polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, Teflon, polyurethane, polyacetate or the like is preferable.

The substrate can be molded by a method such as extrusion molding, injection molding or inflation molding. The substrate may be a single layer or multiple layers. The volume resistivity of this substrate is preferably 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ¹⁷ Ω · cm, and the relative dielectric constant is preferably 2.5 or more.

The thickness of the surface layer is preferably 0.1 to 30 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 20 μm, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 5 μm. The thickness of the substrate is 50 to 300 μm, further 70 to 200 μm
Is preferred.

The surface layer or the substrate may contain a conductive powder in order to control the conductivity. Examples of the conductive powder include metal powders of aluminum, copper, nickel, silver, etc .; conductive metal oxides of indium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, etc .; polymer conductive materials such as polypyrrole, polyaniline; organic and inorganic. Electrolytes; carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite and the like are preferable.

The surface layer is formed by applying a coating solution prepared by dissolving surface layer components in a solvent onto the substrate by spray coating, Mayer bar coating, dip coating, brush coating, roll coating, etc., and then irradiating with light. Is formed by curing.

As the solvent for dissolving the surface layer component, for example, cresol, chloroform, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, trichloropropane and tetrachlorobenzene, tetrafluoroethanol, hexafluoroisopropanol and the like are desirable.

Particularly preferred solvents are tetrafluoroethanol, hexafluoroisopropanol and the like.

The light irradiation for curing the surface layer has a wavelength of 2
It is preferable to carry out the irradiation with ultraviolet rays of 0 to 500 nm, further 300 to 400 nm for 60 seconds or less, further 30 seconds or less, and particularly 5 to 15 seconds.

The heat irradiation for hardening the surface layer is 60 to 3
It is preferably carried out at a temperature of 00 ° C., further 120 to 200 ° C., for 1 minute to 1 hour, and further 10 minutes to 40 minutes.

The transfer material carrying member of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder 1 having an opening 10a on its outer peripheral surface.
Used by attaching to 0. In FIG. 1, a part of the transfer material carrying member 11 of the present invention is omitted so that the opening 10a is visible, but in reality, the opening 10a is closed by the transfer material carrying member 11.

The cylinder 10 is provided with a gripper 15 adjacent to the opening 10a. A transfer material such as a recording paper or a plastic film on which recording is performed is held on the transfer material holding member 11 with its end portion gripped by the gripper 15.

2 and 3 show an example of an image forming apparatus equipped with the cylinder 10. The transfer material carrying member 11 of the present invention is attached to the cylinder 10. Figure 2
The electrophotographic apparatus shown in (1) uses a drum type photoconductor as an image bearing member.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 33 is a drum type photosensitive member which rotates in the direction of arrow a at a predetermined peripheral speed. An image forming unit is arranged around the drum type photoconductor 33. The image forming unit is a primary charger 34 that uniformly charges the photoconductor 33.
And an exposure unit 32 that is formed by irradiating the light image E on the photoconductor 33 to form an electrostatic latent image, and rotation that makes the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 33 a visible image. And a developing device 31.

The rotary developing device 31 includes four developing devices 31 for accommodating four color developers of yellow color developer, magenta color developer, cyan color developer and black color developer, respectively.
It is composed of Y, 31M, 31C and 31B, and a cylindrical casing 31a for holding and rotating these four developing devices. The rotary developing device 31 conveys a desired developing device to a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the photoconductor 33 by the rotation of the housing 31a, and develops the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 33 with the developer. In this way, a visible image, that is, a toner image is formed on the photoconductor 33.

The cylinder 10 to which the transfer material carrying member of the present invention is attached is provided adjacent to the photoconductor 33, and the transfer material P sent from the paper feed section by the registration roller 36 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 10. Carry. Cylinder 10
A transfer discharger 21 and a charge removal discharger 23 are arranged on the inner side of, and charge removal dischargers 22 and 24 are arranged on the outer side.

The photoconductor 33 rotates in the direction of arrow a, and the cylinder 10 rotates in the direction of arrow b.
The toner image on 3 comes into contact with the transfer material P carried on the transfer material carrying member 11. The toner image is transferred to the transfer material P by being subjected to corona discharge having a polarity opposite to that of the toner by the transfer discharger 21. When forming a multicolor image, the transfer of the toner image is repeated a necessary number of times.

The transfer material P on which the toner image has been transferred is subjected to static elimination by the static elimination discharging devices 22, 23 and 24, and the separation claw 2
By the action of 8, the transfer material carrying member 11 is peeled off and the carrying belt 38 carries it to the fixing device 39. Transfer material P
After being subjected to image fixing by heat in the fixing device 39, is discharged out of the apparatus. On the other hand, the residual toner on the surface of the photosensitive drum 33 is removed by the cleaning device 37 to prepare for the next image formation. In addition, the transfer material carrying member 11 of the cylinder 10
The surface is similarly cleaned by the cleaning device 35a and the cleaning assisting means 35b to prepare for the next image formation.

As shown in FIG. 3, the transfer discharger 21 is provided with an insulating member 26 such as a polycarbonate resin plate. By doing so, the amount of transfer corona toward the photoconductor 33 increases.

The pressing member 27 shown in FIG. 3 is provided as needed, and is for preventing the transfer material carrying member 11 from being deformed. The pressing member 27 is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, or the like, and preferably has a volume resistivity of 10 ¹⁰ Ω.
-Cm or more, and particularly preferably 10 ¹⁴ Ω-cm or more, it is preferable to use a synthetic resin film.

The transfer material carrying member 11 of the present invention may be used not only in the form of a sheet but also in the form of an endless belt as shown in FIG.

The image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
1a to 41d, around which primary chargers 42a to 4d are provided.
2d, exposing means 43a to 43d, developing devices 44a to 44
d, transfer dischargers 45a to 45d, charge removal discharger 46a
To 46d and 47a to 47d, cleaning devices for photoconductors 48a to 48d are arranged, and further photoconductors 41a to 41d.
An endless belt-shaped transfer material carrying member 40 of the present invention is disposed below d. The developer attached to the transfer material carrying member is removed by a transfer material carrying member cleaning device 50 having a urethane blade 49.

[0090]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
"Parts" and "%" are based on weight.

In the following examples, the melting point of the polyester resin was measured by using a DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) at a heating rate of 10 ° C./m.
I went in. The amount of the measurement sample was 5 mg, and the resin to be measured was once melted at 280 ° C. and then rapidly cooled with ice water at 0 ° C. to prepare the sample.

Example 1 95 parts of polycarbonate resin (Upilon S-2000 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.) and Ketjen Black E
5 parts of C (manufactured by Ketjen Black International) was pelletized using a twin-screw extruder with a vent. The pellets obtained were extruded to form a substrate having a thickness of 150 μm.

Next, polyethylene terephthalate obtained by using terephthalic acid as the acid component and ethylene glycol as the glycol component (intrinsic viscosity 0.70 dl /
g, melting point 258 ° C., glass transition temperature 70 ° C.) 100 parts and epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 160; aromatic ester type; trade name: Epicoat 190P, Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.) 30 parts, phenol and hexafluoro It was dissolved in 740 parts of a mixed solution of isopropanol (1: 1).

Next, 3 parts of triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate as a photopolymerization initiator was added to the above solution to prepare a coating solution.

This coating solution was applied onto the substrate by a spray method and then photocured to form a surface layer having a thickness of 1.0 μm to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention.

The light irradiation conditions are as follows: 1 from a position of a 2 kW high pressure mercury lamp (30 w / cm) 20 cm away from the coating film.
The temperature was 30 ° C. for 8 seconds.

In order to evaluate the lubricity of the transfer material carrying member, a surface property tester (HEIDON-14, manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was used to measure the slipperiness of the urethane blade under a load of 10 g. As a result, the output value of the sensor was 0.85 when the output value of the polyethylene terephthalate film was 1. In this case, the smaller the output value of the sensor, the smaller the slip resistance, that is, the higher the lubricity.

Further, in order to evaluate the surface strength of this transfer material carrying member, a Taber test apparatus (7 μm manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisaku-sho, Ltd.
m wrapping film) was used to measure the amount of wear after 1000 rotations. As a result, the amount of wear of this transfer material carrying member was 0.97 mg.

This transfer material carrying member was attached to the opening 10a of the cylinder 10 as shown in FIG. 1, and the cylinder 10 was attached to the image forming apparatus shown in FIG.

The cylinder 10 was made of aluminum and had a length of 380 mm and an outer diameter of 160 mm. Regarding the size of the opening 10a, when the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 10 is temporarily developed to be a flat surface, one side parallel to the rotation axis of the cylinder 10 has a length of 350 mm and the other side has a length of 450 mm. .

In the image forming apparatus, the opening width of the transfer discharger 21 is 19 mm, the distance between the discharge wire of the transfer discharger 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the photoconductor 33 is 10.5 mm,
Discharge wire of transfer discharger 21 and transfer corona discharger 2
The distance from the bottom of the shield plate of No. 1 was 16 mm. A polyethylene terephthalate resin film was used for the pressing member 27.

Using this image forming apparatus, a durability test was conducted to form a single color image on 10,000 transfer materials. The image formation was performed by negatively charging the photoconductor 33, further exposing the image, and then performing reversal development using a toner having an average particle size of 8 μm. In image formation, the peripheral speeds of the photoconductor 33 and the cylinder 10 are 160 mm / sec. Met.
The results of the durability test are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 Terephthalic acid as an acid component, 63% ethylene glycol as a glycol component and polyethylene glycol 37
% Polyester resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.67 dl / g, melting point 195 ° C., glass transition temperature 65 ° C.) was used in place of the polyester resin of Example 1 Similarly, a transfer material carrying member of the present invention was prepared, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 Terephthalic acid was used as the acid component, and 40% ethylene glycol and 60% polyethylene glycol were used as the glycol components.
% Of the polyester resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.64 dl / g, melting point 161 ° C., glass transition temperature 60 ° C.) was used in place of the polyester resin of Example 1, and otherwise the same as in Example 1. Then, the transfer material carrying member of the present invention was prepared, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 A transfer material carrying member of the present invention was prepared and carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of epoxy resin was changed to 10 parts and the thickness of the surface layer was changed to 0.8 μm. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Example 5 100 parts of polyethylene terephthalate as in Example 1 and 30 parts of an epoxy resin (epoxy equivalents 184 to 194; bisphenol type; trade name: Epicoat 828, manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd.) were used as phenol. It was dissolved in 740 parts of a mixed solution of hexafluoroisopropanol (1: 1).

Then, phthalic anhydride 9 was used as a thermal polymerization initiator.
A part was coated on the above solution to prepare a coating liquid.

This coating solution was applied to the same substrate as in Example 1 by a spray method and then heat-cured to form a surface layer having a thickness of 1.0 μm to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention.

The surface layer was formed on both sides of the substrate. Curing is
After heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour, heating was performed at 180 ° C. for 1 hour.

The transfer material carrying member thus obtained was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using only the substrate of Example 1 as the transfer material carrying member. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 2 4 parts of polycarbonate resin (Upilon S-2000 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.), 70 parts of monochlorobenzene,
1 part of PTFE fine powder was mixed by a sand mill for 10 hours to prepare a coating liquid. This coating solution was applied by a spray method onto the same substrate as in Example 1 so that the dry film thickness was 1.0 μm to prepare a transfer material carrying member, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 6 Instead of the polycarbonate resin used in Example 1 (Upilon S-2000 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.), bisphenol Z type polycarbonate (viscosity average molecular weight 2,8) was used.
000) was used to prepare a substrate, and otherwise the same as in Example 1 to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention. Using this transfer material carrying member, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Further, this transfer material carrying member was heat-fused to form an endless belt with the surface layer outside and mounted on the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and the same toner as in Example 1 was used. The image was formed. As a result, a good image without transfer unevenness could be obtained.

Furthermore, in the above multicolor electrophotographic copying apparatus, 10
An image output durability test was performed on 000 sheets. As a result, it was possible to obtain a stable image without unevenness, which was the same as the initial stage, even after the endurance.

Example 7 Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) obtained by using terephthalic acid as an acid component and 1,4-tetramethylene glycol as a glycol component (an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7).
2 dl / g, melting point 224 ° C, glass transition temperature 35 ° C)
100 parts and 30 parts of the epoxy resin used in Example 1 were mixed with phenol and hexafluoroisopropanol (1: 1).
It was dissolved in 740 parts of the mixed liquid. Next, 3 parts of triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate as a photopolymerization initiator was added to the above solution to prepare a coating liquid.

After spray coating on the same substrate as in Example 6 using this coating solution, it was photocured under the same light irradiation conditions as in Example 1 to form a surface layer having a film thickness of 1.5 μm. Then, a transfer material carrying member of the present invention was obtained. Using this transfer material carrying member, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Example 8 Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 250
7, 60 parts by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., and 34 parts by polyester polyol (Nipporan 800, Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.), and Ketjen Black E
6 parts by weight of C (manufactured by Ketjen Black International), 10 parts of methyl cellosolve and 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed and dispersed in a sand mill for 20 hours.
This solution was cured by centrifugal molding at 140 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain an endless belt-shaped substrate having a film thickness of 130 μm and a diameter of 600 mm.

Polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PC obtained by using terephthalic acid as an acid component and cyclohexanedimethylol as a glycol component)
T) resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.66 dl / g, melting point 290 ° C.,
A glass transition point temperature of 80 ° C.) was used, and a surface layer was formed on the above-mentioned substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention.

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The durability test for outputting 10000 images was performed by using the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 as in Example 7. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 Evaluation was made in the same manner as in Example 8 by using only the substrate of Example 8 as the transfer material carrying member. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0122]

[Table 1]

[0123]

[Table 2]

Example 9 To the coating solution for surface layer prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, 2 parts of the following silicone-based graft polymer was added to prepare a coating solution for surface layer used in this example. did.

The silicone-based graft polymer is a compound represented by the above-mentioned No. 1 as the compound of the general formula (I). 1 (j
= 30) and the compound of the general formula (III), What was synthesized with 30 parts of modified silicone obtained by the condensation reaction of 48 and 70 parts of methyl methacrylate was used.

The surface layer coating solution thus obtained was used in Example 1
Was applied onto the same substrate by spray coating and then photocured under the same light irradiation conditions as in Example 1 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 1.2 μm to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention. .

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 10 Terephthalic acid as an acid component, ethylene glycol 80% as a glycol component and polyethylene glycol 2
A polyester resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.68 dl / g, melting point 210 ° C., glass transition temperature 68 ° C.) obtained by using a 0% mixture, and the following silicon-based graft polymer were used, and otherwise the same as in Example 9. Thus, a transfer material carrying member of the present invention was obtained.

The silicone-based graft polymer is a compound represented by the above-mentioned No. 1 as the compound of the general formula (I). 2 things (j
= 30) and the compound of the general formula (III) described above. A synthetic silicone composed of 30 parts of modified silicone obtained by the condensation reaction of 47 and 80 parts of methyl methacrylate was used.

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 11 Terephthalic acid was used as the acid component, and ethylene glycol 50% and polyethylene glycol 50 were used as the glycol components.
% Of the polyester resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.66 dl / g, melting point 180 ° C., glass transition temperature 64 ° C.) was used, and otherwise the same as in Example 9 for carrying the transfer material of the present invention. The member was obtained.

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 12 Terephthalic acid as an acid component, 40% ethylene glycol as a glycol component and polyethylene glycol 6
A polyester resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.64 dl / g, melting point 161 ° C., glass transition temperature 60 ° C.) obtained by using a 0% mixture, and the following silicon-based graft polymer were used, and otherwise the same as in Example 9. Thus, a transfer material carrying member of the present invention was obtained. However, the addition amount of the silicone-based graft polymer was 3 parts.

The silicone-based graft polymer is a compound represented by the above-mentioned No. 1 as the compound of the general formula (I). No. 26 (j = 300) and the compound of the general formula (III). A synthetic silicone composed of 30 parts of modified silicone obtained by the condensation reaction of 58, 30 parts of styrene and 50 parts of methyl methacrylate was used.

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 13 To the surface layer coating solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, 3 parts of the same silicone-based graft polymer as in Example 12 was added to the surface layer coating solution used in this example. The working fluid was adjusted.

Using this surface layer coating solution, a transfer material carrying member of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5.

The transfer material carrying member thus obtained was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 14 Instead of the polycarbonate resin (Upilon S-2000 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.) used in Example 9, bisphenol Z type polycarbonate (viscosity average molecular weight 28,
000) was used to prepare a substrate, and otherwise the same as in Example 9 to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 9 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Further, this transfer material carrying member was heat-fused to be molded into an endless belt with the surface layer outside and mounted on the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and the same toner as in Example 9 was used. The image was formed. As a result, a good image without transfer unevenness could be obtained.

Furthermore, in the above multicolor electrophotographic copying apparatus, 10
An image output durability test was performed on 000 sheets. As a result, it was possible to obtain a stable image without unevenness, which was the same as the initial stage, even after the endurance.

Example 15 A surface layer coating solution used in this example was prepared by adding 2 parts of the following silicone-based graft polymer to the surface layer coating solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 7. did.

The silicone-based graft polymer is a compound represented by the above-mentioned No. 1 as the compound of the general formula (I). 7 (j
= 30) and the compound of the general formula (III), A synthetic silicone composed of 15 parts of modified silicone obtained by the condensation reaction of 63 and 85 parts of styrene was used.

The surface layer coating liquid thus obtained was used in Example 1
No. 4 was applied onto the same substrate by spray coating and then photocured under the same light irradiation conditions as in Example 1 to form a surface layer having a film thickness of 1.5 μm to obtain a transfer material carrying member of the present invention. It was

Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this transfer material carrying member. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

Example 16 As a polyester resin, a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) resin composed of 1,10-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol (intrinsic viscosity 0.69 dl /
g, melting point 280 ° C., glass transition temperature 85 ° C.),
Using the same endless belt as in Example 8 as the base material,
A transfer material carrying member of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except for the above.

Using this transfer material carrying member, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0148]

[Table 3]

[0149]

The transfer material-carrying member of the present invention has a surface layer containing a polyester resin, a cured resin and, if necessary, a silicone-based graft polymer, on the substrate, and therefore has lubricity and mechanical properties. It has excellent strength, abrasion resistance, and electrical characteristics.According to an image forming apparatus using this transfer material carrying member, good transfer is always performed even if it is repeatedly used, and a stable and good image is always obtained. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a cylinder to which a transfer material carrying member of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of an image forming apparatus using the transfer material carrying member of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a relationship between a transfer material carrying member of the present invention and an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing another example of an image forming apparatus using the transfer material carrying member of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Cylinder 11 Transfer Material Supporting Member 15 Gripper 31 Developing Device 32 Exposure Means 33 Photoreceptor

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Sakai 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A transfer material carrying member having a surface layer on a substrate and containing a polyester resin and a cured resin in the surface layer. 2. The transfer material carrying member according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer contains a silicone-based graft polymer. 3. The silicone-based graft polymer,
The transfer material-carrying member according to claim 2, which is obtained by copolymerizing a modified silicone having a silicone in a side chain and having a polymerizable functional group at an end with a compound having a polymerizable functional group. 4. The transfer material carrying member according to claim 3, wherein the modified silicone is obtained by a condensation reaction between the following general formula (I) or (II) and the following general formula (III). [Outer 1] R _{1 to} R ₇ and R ₉ represent an alkyl group or an aryl group. R ₈ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group. X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group. j and k represent positive integers. l represents an integer of 0 to 10. m represents 0 or 1. n represents an integer of 1 to 3. 5. The intrinsic viscosity of the polyester resin is
The transfer material carrying member according to claim 1 or 2, which has a density of 0.4 dl / g or more. 6. The transfer material carrying member according to claim 1, wherein the polyester resin is a polyalkylene terephthalate resin or a polyalkylene naphthalate resin. 7. The transfer material carrying member according to claim 1, wherein the cured resin is a cationically polymerizable resin. 8. An electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging unit for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an image exposing unit for exposing the charged electrophotographic photosensitive member by image exposure to form an electrostatic latent image.
3. The transfer material carrier according to claim 1, further comprising: a developing unit that develops the electrophotographic photosensitive member on which the electrostatic latent image is formed with toner to form a toner image, and a transfer material to which the toner image is transferred. An image forming apparatus comprising: a member.