JPH07247208A - Termite expellent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a termite expellent, containing a phytontid derivative as an active ingredient, having sufficient slow-acting properties in anti-termite effects without any repellent actions on the termites, excellent in shelf life and stability and capable of manifesting expellent actions for a long period. CONSTITUTION:This termite expellent contains a phytontid derivative (a glycoside or an acylated derivative of the phytontid is especially preferred) as an active ingredient. The phytontid derivativd includes a hinokitiol glycoside, expressed by formula II and obtained by, e.g. carrying out the dehydrating condensation of OH in hinokitiol with OH in a saccharide by the action of an enzyme as shown in formula I, glycosidating the hinokitiol and binding the saccharide thereto through ether bond or an acylated hinokitiol derivative, expressed by formula IV and prepared by performing the dehydrating condensation of the hinokitiol with a fatty acid as shown in formula III and substituting H of OH in the hinokitiol with an acyl group. Furthermore, compounds expressed by formulas V and VI are cited as isomers of the respective hinokitiol glycoside expressed by formula II and acylated hinokitiol derivative expressed by formula IV. Since the expellent has sufficient slow-acting properties in the anti-termite effects, an individual eating the expellent returns to the nest to permeate and spread the phytontid therein.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a termite repellent which is excellent in storability and stability and can exert a repellent action over a long period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore known as termite repellents are those containing chlordane or chlorpyrifos as active ingredients.
However, although they exert excellent exterminating action, they are also highly toxic to all living organisms, so there is a risk of toxic effects on the exterminating treatment contractors and residents, which poses a problem in terms of safety in use. was there. Moreover, the extermination effect was local and remained only in the area where the drug was sprayed, and did not lead to a decrease in the activity of the entire termite colony.

Therefore, the applicant has an excellent exterminating action,
In addition, we tried to develop a termite repellent containing phytoncide as an active ingredient, which is naturally produced and has no adverse effects on humans and has excellent safety. This phytoncide has symbiosis in the intestinal tract of termites and has insecticidal and bactericidal effects on the protozoa that actually decomposes wood and supplies nutrients to termites, as well as the microbes present in them, and disturbs this ecosystem. This indirectly causes the termites to starve to death. Further, since this effect is slow-acting, when an individual who eats phytoncide returns to the nest, phytoncide can spread throughout the termite colony and reduce its activity. However, since phytoncide has a strong sublimation property, when it is used in the air, there is a phenomenon that the extermination effect disappears in a short period of time due to a volatilization phenomenon, and it also has a repellent action against termites and is difficult for termites to eat. was there. Therefore, although termite repellents containing phytoncide as an active ingredient can be expected to have excellent repellent action, they are difficult to be eaten by termites, and it is difficult to maintain the repellent action for a long period of time. The present situation is that it is not possible to provide a termite control agent using phytoncide that is put to practical use due to the problem that it lacks in properties and stability.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and eats it because there is no repellent action against termites and the anti-ant effect is sufficiently delayed. It is expected that the individual will return to the nest and infiltrate phytoncide, and it will be able to exert an excellent exterminating action for a long period of time, and will also exhibit sufficient preservability, handleability, stability, etc. for practical use. It has been completed for the purpose of providing a termite repellent that can

[0005]

The termite repellent of the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problems is characterized by containing a phytoncide derivative as an active ingredient. In addition,
Glycosides and acyls are effective as phytoncide derivatives.

As the above-mentioned phytoncide, those having a functional group such as derivatizable --SH, --COOH, --OH are effective, and for example, hinokitiol, chlorogenic acid, eugenol, and lysines correspond to this. And, as the glycoside, one in which sugar is bound to phytoncide by β bond is desirable. This is because the cellulase possessed by the protozoa present in the intestines of termites efficiently decomposes sugar into phytoncides. Further, the acyl group preferably has an acyl group with 4 to 18 carbon atoms. This is because the neutral fatty acid itself, which is released when decomposed by lipase in the intestine of termites, also exerts an antibacterial action.

The present invention will be described in detail below. Taking hinokitiol as an example of phytoncide,
Hinokitiol is a special substance with a 7-membered ring as shown in Chemical formula 1 and has been known for a long time as a substance having a broad antibacterial spectrum. For example, it is extracted as an essential oil component of Aomori Hiba, and various pesticides, insect repellents, and pharmaceuticals. Alternatively, it is used as a food additive. Further, the present invention has a novel point in that the hinokitiol is not used as an active ingredient directly, but a glycoside or an acyl derivative which is a derivative thereof is used as an active ingredient.

[0008]

[Chemical 1]

The above-mentioned hinokitiol glycoside is a compound in which the hydroxyl group of hinokitiol and the hydroxyl group of sugar are dehydrated and condensed by the action of an enzyme as shown in Chemical formula 2, and glycosidated by an ether bond to bond a sugar. The hinokitiol glycoside synthesized as described above has a sugar β as shown in Chemical formula 3.
-The bond results in a structure that is bound to hinokitiol. Chemical formula 4 is an isomer of the hinokitiol glycoside shown in chemical formula 3, but has the same properties as chemical formula 3. In addition to the enzymatic method as described above, an organic chemical method, a bioconversion method, or the like can be used as a means for glycosylation.

Examples of sugars to be bound to hinokitiol include hexoses such as glucose, fructose, mannose and galactose; monosaccharides such as xylose and arabinose; , Other polysaccharides or their derivatives can be used.

[0011]

[Chemical 2]

[0012]

[Chemical 3]

[0013]

[Chemical 4]

On the other hand, the hinokitiol acyl derivative, as shown in Chemical formula 5, dehydrates and condenses the hinokitiol and the fatty acid to convert hydrogen in the hydroxyl group of hinokitiol into an acyl group (RCO-).
It is obtained by replacing with. That is, using hinokitiol as a starting material, for example, in the presence of an enzyme such as lipase or esterase, a fatty acid is ester-bonded to hinokitiol to acylate, thereby binding an acyl group (RCO-) to hinokitiol. The hinokitiol acyl compound synthesized in (1) has a structure in which an acyl group is bonded to hinokitiol by an ester bond as shown in Chemical formula 6. Chemical formula 7 shows an isomer of the hinokitiol acyl derivative shown in chemical formula 6, but has the same properties as chemical formula 6. In addition to the enzymatic method as described above, an organic chemistry method, a bioconversion method, or the like can be used as the acylation means.

Various types of fatty acids can be used as the fatty acid that is dehydrated and condensed with hinokitiol, but butyric acid (C ₃ H ₇ COOH), valeric acid (C ₃ H ₇ COOH) and caproic acid (C ₅
H ₁₁ COOH), octanoic acid (C ₇ H ₁₅ COOH), capric acid (C ₉ H ₁₉ COOH), lauric acid (C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COOH), myristic acid (C ₁₃ H ₂₇ COOH), palmitic acid (C ₁₅ Saturated fatty acids such as H ₃₁ COOH) and stearic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOH), unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₃ COOH), linoleic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₁ COOH), etc. It is preferable to use the above fatty acid because it can exhibit excellent exterminating power.

[0016]

[Chemical 5]

[0017]

[Chemical 6]

[0018]

[Chemical 7]

[0019]

[Function] The thus-obtained glycoside or acyl hinokitiol derivative has extremely low sublimability as compared with conventional hinokitiol, and exerts an exterminating action for a long time even when used in air. In addition, it is possible to prepare an aqueous solution which is highly water-soluble and has an effective control action, and exhibits excellent storability, handleability, stability and the like. Since the hinokitiol glycoside is hydrolyzed by the enzyme of β-glucosidase possessed by the intestinal intestinal microorganism of termites and easily decomposes hinokitiol, it exerts an excellent exterminating action. That is, when a termite eats or drinks the glycoside, hinokitiol is released into the body by the hydrolysis action of β-glucosidase retained by the intestinal-living microorganism, and the extermination action can ensure the extermination treatment. Further, the hinokitiol acyl compound is hydrolyzed by an enzyme such as lipase or esterase existing in the pancreatic juice or gastric juice to easily decompose the hinokitiol, so that it has an excellent exterminating action. That is, when a termite eats or drinks the acyl form, hinokitiol is released into the body by the hydrolysis action of lipase present in gastric juice or the like, and the extermination action can surely perform the extermination treatment. As described above, the termite repellent containing the hinokitiol derivative as an active ingredient exhibits a stable repellent action over a long period of time.

[0020]

【Example】

(Example 1) The upper and lower hinokitiol glycosides and hinokitiol acyl compounds obtained by thin layer chromatography (TLC) manufactured by Nippon Insulators Co., Ltd. were dissolved in acetone (water may be used) to prepare a cedar piece ( Approximately 1% (W / W) of the hinokitiol derivative is absorbed in a 10 × 10 × 10 mm test piece.
What was absorbed so that it became so was air-dried at room temperature for 48 hours. The thus-obtained test body was spread in a Petri dish with a diameter of 9 cm with sand (30 mesh or less) to a thickness of about 0.5 cm, and one piece was placed evenly moistened with water. A feeding damage test was conducted by putting 150 animals and keeping them at 26 ± 2 ° C. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the weight loss due to termites with the feeding damage period of 21 days.
In addition, a comparative example is a result of conducting a similar feeding damage test using a test body in which hinokitiol (99% of biochemical reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was absorbed and a test body in which no treatment was performed. Show as. As is clear from the test results, it was confirmed that those containing hinokitiol glycoside and acyl as the active ingredients exert excellent termite control action.

[0021]

[Table 1] Note 1: Weight reduction rate _{(%) = (W 1 -W} 2) × 100 / W 1 Note 2: hinokitiol glycoside A as obtained from the top of the TLC Note 3: hinokitiol glycoside B is the TLC Obtained from the bottom

(Example 2) 3 g of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.15 g of the hinokitiol derivative obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 in water was added to 12 g of dry soil consisting of sandy soil of 20 mesh or less to give a concentration of about Condition 1% treated soil. As shown in Fig. 1, a glass cylindrical tube 1 having a diameter of 1.5 cm and a length of 10 cm is placed at a central portion of 5 cm, and 3 g of water is added to 12 g of soil.
And mix and fill. This glass cylindrical tube 1 has a diameter of 2
5cm, 12cm in length of the cylindrical containers 2, 2 are connected to the lower part,
Untreated soil with a water content of 25% and 50 termites were placed in one of the cylindrical containers 2, and about 3 pieces of Akamatsu debris were placed in the other cylindrical container 2.
Add g. The soil piercing test of termites (according to the criteria of JTCA-S No. 7) was performed using the above-mentioned equipment, and the results of observing the piercing distance and the life and death of termites for 21 days are as shown in Table 2. The excellent extermination effect of the present invention was confirmed.

[0023]

[Table 2]

[0024]

As is clear from the above description, the present invention does not have a repellent action against termites by using a phytoncide derivative as an active ingredient, and since the anti-ant effect is sufficiently delayed, It can be expected that the individual who eats will return to the nest and the phytoncide will infiltrate, and it will be able to exert an excellent exterminating action for a long period of time, and will also exhibit sufficient preservability, handleability, stability etc. for practical use. Is what you can do. Therefore, the present invention has an extremely great contribution to the development of industry as a termite repellent that eliminates the conventional problems.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an instrument used for a soil perforation test in an example of the present invention.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A termite control agent comprising a phytoncide derivative as an active ingredient. 2. The termite control agent according to claim 1, wherein the phytoncide derivative is a glycoside. 3. The termite control agent according to claim 1, wherein the phytoncide derivative is an acyl compound.