JPH0724512B2 - Artificial cultivation method of plant - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an efficient plant cultivation method by controlling the sunshine duration of a plant using artificial lighting used in a plant factory or the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional methods for controlling the sunshine duration of plants used in plant factories and institutional horticulture, for example, Hitachi review 66 , No. 11,
"Measurement and quantitative evaluation of plant growth" (Kaneko, Takatsuji), 1984, p5
As discussed in 0 to 52, the sunshine duration was controlled to be a constant value within a certain set of environmental conditions, and no consideration was given to changing the sunshine duration during the cultivation period.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the sunshine duration in the cultivation of the plant is always controlled to a constant value during the main cultivation period, and long-time sunshine is always required to realize the growth promotion, therefore, the integrated illumination light amount during the cultivation period. However, there is a problem that the production efficiency does not increase with respect to the illumination light amount.

The purpose of the present invention, in controlling the sunshine duration, rather than controlling the sunshine duration to a constant value during the main cultivation period, from the middle of the growth stage in which the sunshine duration was controlled to 12 hours or more to promote growth, suddenly. It is intended to improve the production efficiency with respect to the integrated illumination light amount by shortening the sunshine time.

[Means for solving problems]

The above object is achieved by abruptly shortening the sunshine duration, which is controlled to 12 hours or more during the main cultivation period to promote growth, from an appropriate time during the cultivation period.

[Action]

The rate of increase in fresh weight of plants (for example, salad vegetables) per day is closely related to the sunshine duration during the growing period, and generally increases monotonically as the sunshine duration increases. Therefore, in order to promote the growth, the sunshine duration is controlled to 12 hours or more, but the production efficiency with respect to the integrated light quantity input is not improved. However, in the middle of the main cultivation period that controls the sunshine time to 12 hours or more, if the sunshine time after that is suddenly shortened from the previous sunshine time, the plants that continued to grow smoothly until then However, the water content (water content) of a plant increases even when the amount of sunlight is reduced. That is, since the fresh weight increases even when the amount of sunlight is reduced, the weight production amount with respect to the integrated light amount input during the entire cultivation period increases.
In other words, the weight production efficiency with respect to the input integrated light quantity is improved.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

In FIG. 1, a lighting lamp 1 illuminates a plant 2 planted in a cultivation tank 3. The plant 2 is conveyed by the belt conveyor 5.
It moves intermittently or continuously in the direction of the arrow. The illumination lamp 1 is designed to be continuously lit for 24 hours on the left side of the board 4 and for 9 hours on the right side of the board 4 (night = 15 hours) by the control device 6. Therefore, after the plant 2 is cultivated in the sunshine time of 24 hours, the plant 2 is cultivated in the sunshine time of 9 hours.
FIG. 2 shows the results of measurement of changes over time in the growth rate of fresh weight of saladana when the sunshine duration was changed from 24 hours to 9 hours as described above. In the figure, the fresh weight when grown with the sunshine duration of 24 hours / day and 9 hours / day is shown by a chain line. Assuming that the fresh weight is 1.0 when grown for 24 hours / day and 9 hours / day,
It will be about 0.4. The broken line shows the sunshine hours for 24 hours /
What has been cultivated as a day 9
The tendency of decrease in fresh weight when suddenly changing with time / day is shown. That is, the figure shows that this growth rate does not immediately decrease to the value when it is constant for 9 hours after the change of the sunshine duration, but gradually decreases.

FIG. 3 shows the experimental results of the relationship between the increase amount ΔW of the fresh weight of the saladana per input cumulative solar radiation amount ΔD and the sunshine duration in the case of cultivating the saladna for various sunshine durations during the whole growing period by a broken line. When the raw weight production efficiency ΔW / ΔD when grown with a sunshine duration of 12 hours is set to 1.0, the ΔW / ΔD (raw weight production efficiency) is about 0.91 when cultivated with a constant sunshine duration of 24 hours.
On the other hand, as mentioned above, the sunshine duration is changed from 24 hours to 9 hours.
ΔW / ΔD (raw weight production efficiency) when changed with time is about 1.21. That is, as explained in FIG. 2, 24
Even if the material grown by the time irradiation is switched to the irradiation for 9 hours, the growth rate of the fresh weight does not immediately decrease, so that the increase amount of the fresh weight with respect to the accumulated integrated sunshine amount is improved.

According to the present embodiment, there is an effect that the production efficiency with respect to the illumination power is increased by about 30% as compared with the case of the 24-hour sunshine in which the maximum raw speed is obtained, in accordance with the increase amount of the raw weight with respect to the input integrated light amount. .

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the water content of a plant that is rapidly growing in a long sunshine time of 12 hours or more, it is possible to increase by shortening the sunshine time, the increase in fresh weight with respect to the input cumulative sunshine amount during the cultivation period This has the effect of increasing the amount, and thus the production efficiency, by 20 to 30% as compared with the case where the present invention is not carried out.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a method for controlling the sunshine duration of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a representative example of the measurement result of the change in the growth amount over time by switching the sunshine duration, and FIG. 3 is the sunshine duration. It is a figure which shows the experimental result of the relationship of the production efficiency with respect to the input integrated light quantity. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lamp for illumination, 2 ... Cultivation plant, 3 ... Cultivation tank, 4 ... Cutting board, 5 ... Belt conveyor, 6 ... Sunlight time control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An artificial cultivation method for cultivating a plant by controlling the sunshine duration using artificial lighting, wherein the sunshine is controlled from the middle of the growth stage of the cultivation in which the sunshine duration is controlled to 12 hours or more and the growth stages thereafter. A method for artificially cultivating a plant, which shortens the time to improve the amount of increase in fresh weight per input cumulative light amount during the entire cultivation period.