JPH07243740A - Low-temperature storage apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To store a large quantity of agricultural product at a low temperature at a low running cost by introducing cold air in winter into an icemaking box to make ice, and naturally convecting obtained cold air between storage boxes. CONSTITUTION:A building frame 1 of a heat insulation structure is divided by a partition 8 so that a lower part is a storage chamber 11 and an upper part is an icemaking chamber 12. A cold air suction port 13 and an exhaust port 16 are provided in the chamber 12 of the frame 1, and can be opened or closed by a heat insulation door 18, etc. A motor operated exhaust fan 19 is provided at the port 16 side. A cold air inlet 20 and a warm air outlet 25 which can be opened or closed by heat insulation doors 21, 26 are provided at the partition 8. A forcible suction fan 23 is provided in the chamber 11, and a warm air guide cylinder 27 protrudes from the outlet 25 toward the chamber 12. An subcooling preventing water tank 24 is installed in the chamber 11. A plurality of icemaking tanks 28 are installed in the chamber 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cold storage apparatus suitable for cold storage of a large amount of agricultural products.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a low temperature storage technology for agricultural products that uses natural energy such as ice and snow, (a) the cold air in the winter period is sent to the soil through a heat pipe with excellent heat transfer characteristics to produce artificial frozen soil. That uses this as a cold heat source,
(B) Making ice in an ice basin with cold air in the winter season, pumping the melted cold water to a storage cabinet, and passing the cold water through a heat exchanger to cool the air, (c) Using the cold air in the winter season Cooled natural water is used as a cold heat source to convect cold air into the storage, (d) Snow chamber is used as both cold heat source and heat insulating material, (e) Snow is compressed into ice. It has been proposed that natural convection in a storage is used for storage, and (f) an ice shell is made by using cold air in the winter period and used as a storage.

[0003]

In any of the above-mentioned conventional low temperature storage techniques, the cold heat of the ice is used to store the agricultural products, and the already-made ice and the natural world are stored. It collects and uses the snow in. For this reason, the work of carrying and carrying in ice and snow cut or sliced in another place is required every year.

Further, by accumulating and accumulating ice in an ice chamber which communicates with a storage room for storing agricultural products and the like, the degree of opening and closing of a shutter for partitioning the communication section between the storage room and the ice chamber is changed according to the temperature in the storage room. , A technique for storing and storing agricultural products and the like in the storage room while flowing the ice-melting cold water of the ice room into the water pipe laid at the bottom of the storage room while taking in the storage room while appropriately adjusting the amount of cold air from the ice room, It is proposed by Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-61110.

However, even with regard to this low temperature storage technique, considering the method of supplying cold air from the ice storage to the storage, for example, an opening is provided and the air flow is adjusted only by opening and closing the shutter to circulate the cool air in a limited range. However, there is a problem that a large amount of agricultural products cannot be stored. Therefore, in order to store a large amount of agricultural products, there is no choice but to use a refrigeration machine that uses petroleum energy.
There is a problem that running costs increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The running cost can be kept low by utilizing natural convection without using petroleum energy, and a large amount of agricultural products can be cooled at a low temperature. It is an object to provide a low temperature storage device that can be stored.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The means of the present invention configured to solve the above-mentioned problems is a building body having a heat insulating structure composed of a floor portion, a wall portion and a ceiling portion, and a partition portion for the building body. A storage compartment defined on the lower side and an ice making compartment defined on the upper side, and an intake port which is provided on a part of the wall of the building to introduce outside air into the ice making compartment and which can be opened and closed by a heat insulation door. An exhaust port provided on the other side wall part facing the one side wall part, which can be opened and closed by a heat insulating door, a forced exhaust means arranged on the exhaust port side, and a pre-ice maker in the storage. A cooling airflow inlet and a warming airflow outlet, which are provided separately from each other in the partition part so as to introduce the cooling air in the inside and to recirculate the warm air in the storage into the icemaker, and which can be opened and closed by a heat insulating door. And a plurality of ice making tanks are arranged in the ice making compartment. Consisting of.

[0008] It is preferable that a forced intake means is provided inside the storage at the cold air flow inlet side.

A supercooling preventing water tank may be provided in the storage.

[0010]

In the winter when the outside air temperature is 0 ° C. or lower (celsius is omitted in the following description), the intake port and the exhaust port are opened, and cold air is introduced into the ice making chamber by the forced exhaust means to make the ice making tank. The water inside is frozen to make ice, and when the ice making is completed, the intake port and the exhaust port are closed. When keeping the produce cold in the storage, if the cold airflow inlet and the warm airflow outlet are opened, the cold air of about 0 ° C inside the ice making store will flow into the storage due to natural convection due to the temperature difference between the storage and ice making store. The warm air flows out into the ice maker, so that the inside of the store is gradually cooled and a low temperature in equilibrium with the ice maker, for example, 0 to 3
It is kept at a temperature of ℃ and can store agricultural products at low temperature. When the temperature inside the store rises due to the heat of breath of agricultural products and the equilibrium with the ice-making store breaks down, the circulation of cooling air is repeated again due to natural convection.

In the summer, cold air is forcibly introduced into the storage from the ice making chamber by the forced intake means and circulated to the ice making side to pre-cool the agricultural products.

Further, when the temperature in the storage reaches 0 ° C. or lower in winter, excessive cold heat is absorbed by cooling the water in the water tank in the storage.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 shows a building frame installed on the ground A. The building frame 1 has a floor portion 1A made of reinforced concrete,
It is composed of four wall portions 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E and a ceiling portion 1F, and an insulating member 2 made of a heat insulating panel, urethane foam or the like is attached to the inner surface of the building body 1, and the building body 1 Has a heat insulating structure as a whole. Further, a cargo handling chamber 3 which also serves as a storage of materials is integrally provided on the side of the building body 1. The wall portion 1B which defines the cargo handling chamber 3 and a storage 11 to be described later is provided with doors 5, 5 which can be opened and closed by heat insulating doors 4, 4, and shutters 6, 6, are provided on the other side wall portions of the cargo handling chamber 3. Doorways that can be opened and closed by ...
・ Is provided.

Numeral 8 indicates columns 9 and 9 between the floor portion 1A and
.. is a partition part made of reinforced concrete provided in the middle of the building body 1 in the height direction via, and the lower surface of the outer partition part 8 has a heat insulating panel or a heat insulating member 10 made of urethane foam.
Is attached. Then, the storage unit 1 for storing, for example, agricultural products, etc. on the lower side of the building body 1 by the partitioning unit 8
1 is defined, and the ice maker 12 is defined on the upper side.

Reference numerals 13, 13, ... Show a plurality of intake ports provided in one side wall portion 1C of the building body 1 for introducing cold air from the outside into the ice-making compartment 12. Each intake port 13 is an ice maker 12.
Located on the lower side of the partition, that is, near the upper part of the partition 8
An opening is formed in C at a distance from each other in the lateral direction, and each intake port 13
A jar 14 is fitted inside. And each intake port 1
3 is openable and closable by an elevating type heat insulating door 15 attached to one side wall portion 1C.

Reference numerals 16, 16, ... Show a plurality of exhaust ports provided in the other side wall portion 1E facing the one side wall portion 1C in order to discharge the air in the ice maker 12 to the outside. Each of the exhaust ports 16
Is located on the upper side of the ice maker 12, that is, in the vicinity of the lower side of the ceiling portion 1F and is laterally spaced apart from the other side wall portion 1E to form an opening, and a rattle 17 is fitted in each exhaust port 16. is there. Each exhaust port 16 can be opened and closed by an elevating heat insulating door 18 attached to the other side wall portion 1E.

.. are a plurality of electric exhaust fans attached to the inner surface of the other side wall portion 1E so as to face the exhaust ports 16, and the exhaust fans 19 are provided in the loading / unloading chamber 3. It can be operated remotely by the department.

Further, reference numerals 20, 20, ... Show cold air inlets for introducing the cooling air generated in the ice making compartment 12 into the storage compartment 11. The cold air flow inlets 20, 20, ... Are formed in the partition 8 along the one side wall portion 1C and the other side wall portion 1E at predetermined intervals.
It is openable and closable by a lateral slide type heat insulating door 21 which is located inside the partition 2 and provided on the partition 8.

Reference numerals 22, 22 denote the cold air flow inlets 20, 20,
Shown are guide plates for guiding cooling air introduced from the ice maker 12 to the inside of the storage 11 through the guide plates 22, 22 in a state of facing the one side wall portion 1C and the other side wall portion 1E. , Are provided so as to project downward along the edges of the cold air flow inlets 20, 20, ....

.., facing the respective cold air flow inlets 20, the guide plate 22 and one side wall portion 1
The electric forced suction fan provided between C and the other side wall portion 1E is shown.

Reference numerals 24 and 24 denote a pair of left and right supercooling preventing water tanks, which are located directly below the cold airflow inlets 20 and 20, which are dead spaces in the storage 11, and are installed in the storage 11, respectively. Is composed of a long stainless steel water tank body 24A and water 24B stored in the water tank body 24A.

On the other hand, reference numerals 25, 25, ... Show a plurality of warm airflow outlets for returning the warm air generated in the storage 11 into the ice making chamber 12. Each warm air outlet 25 has a partition 8
Is formed in the center of the wall 1C (1E) in parallel with the one side (the other side) wall portion, and each warm airflow outlet 25 is located in the ice maker 12 and is provided on the partition 8 in a horizontal slide. Type insulation door 2
It can be opened and closed by 6. A rectangular tube-shaped warm air guide tube 27 is erected at each warm air flow outlet 25 along the edge thereof, and the upper end of the warm air guide tube 27 is opened to the upper side inside the ice maker 12.

Denoted by 28, 28, ... are stainless steel ice-making tanks located in the ice-making compartment 12 and installed on the partition 8. Each ice-making tank 28 can have a contact area with cooling air. In order to secure it as much as possible, it is supported by a pedestal 29 in which steel frames are combined.

This embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, and its operation will be described below. First, in winter, ice is made in the ice maker 12. That is, each ice making tank 28 is filled with water, the heat insulating doors 15 and 18 of the ice making compartment 12 are opened, the intake port 13 and the exhaust port 16 are opened, and the exhaust fan 19 is rotationally driven. The cold airflow inlet 20 and the warm airflow outlet 25 are closed by the heat insulating doors 21 and 26. Further, since the exhaust fan 19 is installed on the exhaust port 16 side, the ice maker 12
It is possible to prevent a situation in which the temperature of the cold air sucked inside rises due to the heat generated from the exhaust fan 19. In this state, cold air of 0 ° C. or lower in winter is sucked into the ice making chamber 12 through the intake port 13 and brought into contact with the ice making tank 28 to cool it.
By discharging the water from the outside to the outside, the water in the ice making tank 28 is frozen and is eventually made into ice.

When the ice making is completed as described above, the intake port 13 and the exhaust port 16 are closed by the heat insulating doors 15 and 18 to store the ice. Thereby, the inside of the ice maker 12 can be kept at a low temperature of about 0 ° C.

On the other hand, when the agricultural product is stored at a low temperature in the storage 11, the intake port 13 and the exhaust port 16 are kept closed, and the heat insulating doors 21 and 26 are opened to open the cold air flow inlet 20.
And the warm air outlet 25 is opened. Then, since the temperature in the storage cabinet initially has a temperature difference of about 3 ° C. or more due to the outside air temperature and the respiratory heat of the agricultural products, the warm air in the storage cabinet 11 is increased by natural convection due to the temperature difference. It rises and flows out from the warm airflow outlet 26 to the upper part inside the ice making compartment 12 through the warm air guide cylinder 27, and the cold air in the ice making compartment 12 flows into the storage 11 from the cold airflow inlet 20. By repeating this circulation by heat convection, the inside of the storage 11 and the ice maker 12 will be maintained in an equilibrium state within a temperature range of about 0 to 3 ° C, which is an appropriate temperature for cooling agricultural products. You can keep the agricultural products in cold.

The forced suction fan 23 provided facing the cold air flow inlet 20 is used as an auxiliary means when rapid cooling is required such as cooling of agricultural products in the summer of July to August.

Further, in the present embodiment, the warm air guide tube 27 is provided at the warm air outlet 26 to guide the warm air to the upper part of the ice making compartment 12, so that the melting of the ice due to the heat convection is made as small as possible. be able to.

Further, by installing the water tanks 24, 24 in the storage 11, the water 24B in the water tank 24 is cooled by cooling the water 24B in the storage 11 when the temperature in the storage 11 becomes 0 ° C. or less in winter. The temperature inside 11 is prevented from being excessively lowered and the agricultural products being overcooled.

In the present embodiment, the inside of the storage 11 is about 0.
The case where the temperature is kept at a low temperature in the range of 3 ° C. has been taken as an example, but since the optimum storage temperature differs depending on the stored material, the thermal convection between the storage 11 and the ice maker 12 is controlled to control the storage 1
The inside of 1 can be set to a cold storage temperature suitable for the stored material, for example, a temperature range of 3 to 6 ° C.

[0031]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above in detail, it has the following effects.

(1) Since the partition is provided in the building body to define the storage compartment at the bottom and the ice storage compartment at the top, the site area is smaller than that when the storage compartment and the ice storage compartment are arranged side by side. Can be halved and the construction cost of the building frame can be reduced.

(2) Since the ice maker is integrated with the storage in the building body and the cooling air is generated from the ice making process in the ice maker, it is not necessary to carry the ice from the outside to carry it in. A large amount of water can be reused every year by repeating ice making and thawing in a one-year cycle.
The running cost can be significantly reduced.

(3) Since the storage is provided in the lower part of the building body and the ice making room is provided in the upper part, and the air is circulated by utilizing natural convection due to the temperature difference between the warm air and the cooling air, the conventional cold storage In comparison, running costs can be significantly reduced.

(4) By increasing the size of the building frame,
It is possible to store thousands to tens of thousands of tons of agricultural products and the like, which was impossible with the conventional storage method, and the construction cost therefor can be kept low. Therefore, the economic effect of shipping adjustment can be increased, and it can also be used as a food storage facility.

(5) Further, since the forced air intake means is provided inside the storage on the cold air flow inlet side, precooling can be performed by forcibly circulating cold air in the summer.

(6) Furthermore, by installing a water tank in the storage, it is possible to prevent overcooling of agricultural products in winter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of a low temperature storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a structure of a storage.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a low temperature storage device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Building frame 1C One side wall part 1E Other side wall part 8 Partition part 11 Storage box 12 Ice maker 13 Intake port 15, 18 Insulation door 16 Exhaust port 19 Exhaust fan 20 Cold air flow inlet 21, 26 Insulation door 23 Forced suction fan 24 Water tank 25 Warm Airflow outlet 28 Ice making tank

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A building body having a heat insulating structure composed of a floor portion, a wall portion and a ceiling portion, a storage compartment defined by a partition section on the lower side of the building body and an ice making compartment defined on the upper side, and the inside of the ice making compartment. In order to introduce outside air into the building, a part of the wall of the building is provided with an intake port that can be opened and closed by a heat insulating door and another side wall that faces the one side wall, and can be opened and closed by a heat insulating door. The exhaust air, the forced exhaust means arranged on the side of the exhaust air, and the cooling air in the previous ice maker are introduced into the storage, and the warm air in the storage is circulated back into the ice maker. Therefore, a low temperature is formed by arranging the cold air inlet and the warm air outlet, which are provided separately from each other in the partition section and can be opened and closed by a heat insulating door, and a plurality of ice making tanks are arranged in the ice making compartment. Storage device. 2. The low temperature storage device according to claim 1, wherein a forced air intake means is provided inside the storage compartment at the cold air flow inlet side. 3. The low temperature storage device according to claim 1, wherein a supercooling prevention water tank is provided in the storage.