JPH07236301A - Soil crushing unit of reversible plough - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a soil crushing unit installed to a reversible plough capable of freely turning over up and down, and conducting soil crushing by using either one of bottoms provided upper and lower ends of the plough. CONSTITUTION:A soil crushing frame 5 is supported freely rotatable by a shaft to a plough frame 2 and a soil crushing rotating part 6 is provided under the soil crushing frame 5 to the direction of gravity. The soil crushing frame 5 is constructed to hold a balance of a moment based on its weight around its supporting shaft position approximately.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reversible plow, which is provided with one or more plowing bottoms 1 on the upper and lower sides thereof, and which is arranged at the rear of the reversible plow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a bottom plow device that is not reversible, the tillage inversion of soil is performed only on the right side in the traveling direction. Therefore, when performing a U-turn at the end of the field and reversing the tillage, it is necessary to perform a work by a special procedure, that is, a rotary tillage method, and there is a drawback that the work efficiency is poor. Therefore, various reversible plow devices that can continuously plow the field have been proposed. As an example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication Sho 64-5
There is a reversing drive device for reversible plow of No. 841.
This is a structure in which bottoms are provided above and below the plow frame so that the plow frame can be inverted and used with respect to the mast frame. Then, when the tractor makes a U-turn at the end of the field, the plow frame is inverted by 180 ° and the upper and lower bottoms on the grounding side are replaced to change the plowing direction. Thereby,
In the forward trip, the soil is turned upside down on the right side in the traveling direction by the bottom, and in the backward movement, the tillage turnover is performed on the left side in the traveling direction. It is possible to reverse up and down.

Such a bottom plow device is capable of plowing and reversing the soil, but it only digs up the soil roughly and inverts the soil mass upside down. Therefore, in order to finely crush the soil mass, it was necessary to complete the plowing and then crush the soil by attaching another crushing device to the tractor. In addition, the present inventor
We have proposed a plow equipped with a basket-type crusher of No. 401, and a crusher-type crusher attached to the rear of a plow device that is not reversible.

[0004]

However, the plow equipped with the above-mentioned basket-type crusher cannot be used as it is as a reversible plow. This is because in reversible plows, bottoms are attached to the top and bottom of the plow frame, and every time the tractor makes a U-turn, the plow frame is inverted and the bottoms of the plows are swapped to reverse the plowing of the soil. Only the bottom side on one side could be crushed. It is also possible to arrange the basket-type crushers in two rows, the upper tier and the lower tier, and to alternately use the upper crusher and the lower crusher at each inversion, but such a crusher has a structure There is a drawback that the tractor becomes complicated and heavy, and the tractor is burdened. At the same time, there is a possibility that the tractor may fall backward when the whole of the basket-type crushers arranged behind the plow device are too heavy, when they are lifted upward for inversion. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device for a reversible plow having a simple structure and a relatively lightweight structure that does not impose a burden on a tractor, and the following configuration is adopted to achieve the object.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A plow frame 2 having one or more plowing bottoms 1 provided on the upper and lower sides thereof, and the plow frame 2 is configured to be reversible with respect to a mounting frame 3 of a tractor 16. In the reversible plow 4, a crushed earth frame 5 is rotatably attached to the plow frame 2. And the crushed soil frame 5 is on the tilling reversal side of the bottom 1 in the posture of the cultivated soil by the bottom 1, and
It extends to the rear of the traveling direction of the bottom 1. Along with that
The axis line of the support shaft of the crushed soil frame 5 located on the tilling reversal side is attached to the plow frame 2 with its axis oriented in the traveling direction. Further, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil is rotatably attached so as to be located below the crushed soil frame 5 in the direction of gravity.
Then, the crushed soil rolling element 6 is arranged at the rear position in the traveling direction such that the longitudinal direction thereof intersects with the traveling direction of the bottom 1. The crushed soil frame 5 is characterized in that the crushed soil frame 5 is configured so that moments based on its own weight around the pivotal position are substantially balanced in a state in which the crushed soil rolling element 6 is provided on the crushed soil frame 5.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crushed soil frame 5 comprises a base frame 7 and a support frame 8, one end of which is fixed to the plow frame 2 and the other end of which is located rearward in the traveling direction. To do. The center of the gate-shaped support frame 8 in the longitudinal direction is pivotally supported on the other end of the base frame 7. Then, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil is rotatably attached to the gate-shaped leg portion 9 of the support frame 8.
Further, the crushed soil rolling element 6 is composed of a plurality of discs 10 which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction and juxtaposed with each other, and a rod 11 which connects the discs 10 and 10, and the rod 11 is a disc. It is projected and fixed on the outer periphery of 10 with a space. In addition, the rotary shaft 12 of the rolling element 6 for crushed soil
The position of is movable up and down with respect to the support frame 8.

[0007]

In the crushing device for reversible plows according to the present invention, the crushing soil rolling element 6 is rotatably mounted so as to be positioned below the crushing soil frame 5 in the direction of gravity. It is configured to balance the moment due to its own weight around the position. Therefore, even if the plow frame 2 is rotated 180 ° in order to invert the upper and lower bottoms 1, the rolling material for crushed soil 6 itself can be always arranged on the ground side by its own weight. Moreover, even in the 180 ° inversion state, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil is automatically positioned behind the plowing side of the bottom 1 which always comes into contact with the ground at that time. Therefore, the same rolling element 6 for crushed soil can be used both when plowing the bottom 1 on the upper side and when plowing the bottom 1 on the lower side, and provides a crushing apparatus having a lightweight and simple structure. it can. And, at the same time as the reversible plowing work (in one step), the crushing work, the crushing work and the ground preparation work accompanying the work can be performed, and the cultivating work can be performed extremely quickly.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of this device, FIG. 2 is a side view of the device in use, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which a reversible plow 4 is turned upside down. . Further, FIG. 5 is an explanatory schematic diagram showing a state in which the reversible plow 4 is lifted from the ground and turned 90 ° for reversing. 6 is an explanatory schematic view of the reversing device of the reversible plow 4 itself, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 8 and 9 show other embodiments. The earth crushing apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a cage-shaped rolling element 6 for crushing earth, which is provided in two rows as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and a crushing earth frame 5 which rotatably supports the crushing element. . The crushed soil frame 5 includes a base frame 7 and a support frame 8. The base frame 7 has its front end fixed to the front end of the plow frame 2 and its middle part fixed to the rear end of the plow frame 2 via a fork member 27. The base frame 7 is disposed horizontally on the plow frame 2, and the rear end of the base frame 7 is reversible plow 4.
A shaft portion 19 is provided as a support shaft at the rear end of the shaft portion 19 so as to extend rearward. The axis of the support shaft is oriented parallel to the traveling direction of the reversible plow 4.

Next, the support frame 8 is formed in a gate shape, and a bearing 18 is provided at the center of the longitudinal direction of the support frame 8 so as to project in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the support frame 8. Then, the shaft portion 19 of the base frame 7 is fitted into the bearing 18, and is prevented from coming off by the retaining plate 22 and the bolt 21 as shown in FIG. In addition,
Contrary to the drawing of FIG. 1, a bearing may be provided at the rear end of the base frame 7 and the shaft portion may be provided so as to project at the center of the support frame 8. In this case, the axis of the support shaft coincides with the axis of the bearing. Next, a plurality of bolt holes 17 are formed in the leg portions 9 provided at both ends of the gate shape of the support frame 8 so as to be spaced apart in the vertical direction.
Next, the rolling bodies 6 for crushed soil have the inverted V-shaped brackets 15 fixed to both ends of the fixed pipe 25, and the pair of rotary shafts 12 are pivotally supported to the both ends of each inverted V-shaped bracket 15. Each rotating shaft 12
A large number of discs 10 pass through and the through portions are fixed by means such as welding. Discs adjacent to each other
A large number of rods 11 are arranged between 10 and 10 so as to be separated from each other in the circumferential direction and twisted at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis. The twisting directions of the front crushed soil rolling element 6 and the rear crushed soil rolling element 6 are different from each other.

Also, an arcuate elongated hole 24 and a bolt hole 17 are bored at the upper end of each inverted V-shaped bracket 15, and these holes are aligned with the appropriate bolt holes 17 of the support frame 8 and are formed in them. The bolt 21 is fastened and fixed. By selecting one of the plurality of bolt holes 17 provided in the support frame 8 located below, it is possible to perform deeper crushing. Therefore, by making the inverted V-shaped bracket 15 movable in the vertical direction in this way, it becomes possible to adjust the soil breaking conditions for various cultivated crops. The reversible plow 4 itself is a known one, and in this embodiment, three bottoms 1 are arranged in parallel above and below the plow frame 2. The number of bottoms in each row may be two or one, and the present invention can be applied to any of them. A mast is provided as a mounting frame 3 at the front end portion of the reversible plow 4, and the plow frame 2 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 3 (mast). Further, one end of the reversing hydraulic cylinder 14 is provided at the upper end of the mounting frame 3, and the lower end of the piston rod 29 thereof is pivotally supported at the eccentric position of the plow frame 2 as shown in FIG. That is, the lower end of the piston rod 29 is pivotally supported by the plow frame 2 at a position deviated from the position pivotally supported by the mounting frame 3. Further, the mounting rods 13 of the tractor 16 are fixed to the mounting frame 3, respectively.

Therefore, when the upper mounting rod 13 is lifted up by the hydraulic device in FIG. 6, the tip of the entire reversible plow 4 including the main crushing device can be lifted up from the ground. Then, the reversing hydraulic cylinder 14
180 ° by rotating the entire 90 ° by contracting the piston rod 29 of
It can be inverted. As a result, the upper and lower bottoms 1 are inverted, and the base frame 7 itself is also inverted. At this time, the support frame 8 pivotally supported by the base frame 7 is supported at the center in the longitudinal direction, and the crushed soil rolling element 6 is below the support frame 8 and has a gravity moment around the pivotal support position. Are balanced, the support frame 8 is always directed to the ground side in a substantially horizontal state. That is, even when the entire reversible plow 4 is rotated by 90 ° as shown in FIG. 5, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil always faces downward. Further, even if the reversible plow 4 is completely inverted as shown in FIG. 4, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil maintains the same state. Moreover, even in the inverted state, the rolling element 6 for crushed soil is automatically located behind the plowing side of the bottom at that time.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the crushed soil rolling element 6 located on the front side of the inverted V-shaped bracket 15 is large, and the circumferential pitch of a large number of rods 11 projecting on the outer periphery of the rolling element 6 is also formed coarsely, so that relatively. Coarse ground is done. The crushed soil rolling element 6 located on the rear side has a small diameter, and the circumferential pitch of the rods 11 is also finely formed. At the same time, the rotary shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor 23, and the hydraulic motor 23 is driven to rotate at a peripheral speed higher than that of the front crushing rolling element 6. Then, the soil is finely crushed. The hydraulic hose connected to the hydraulic motor 23 is laid along the support frame and the base frame, which is connected to the hydraulic device of the tractor. In addition, it is preferable to provide a rotatable hydraulic coupling (product name: Swivel Elbow) at the rotation supporting position of each frame. Next, FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the crushed soil frame 5 comprises a Y-shaped base frame 7 and support frames 8 fixed to both ends of the Y-shaped opening. The tip of the base frame 7 is fixed to the plow frame 2 via a bearing 18 and a bearing bracket 26.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, one end of the crushed soil frame 5 is attached to the plow frame 2 in the vicinity of the rear parts of the three bottoms 1 provided above and below the plow frame 2, respectively. Is fixed and a bearing 18 is provided at the other end, and a shaft portion provided at the center of the support frame 8 is pivotally supported by the bearing 18. A small rolling element 6 for crushed soil is rotatably attached to the lower side of the support frame 8. Such small rolling bodies 6 for crushed soil are arranged on the plowing inversion side of each bottom 1 and at the rear in the traveling direction thereof. In this embodiment, the plow frame 2 has a coulter.
30 are provided. The coulter 30 is omitted in the first to third embodiments. Next, FIG. 11 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in FIG. 10 in that three relatively short crushed soil frames 5 are used.
In addition, one long crushed soil frame 5 is attached to the rear part of the plow frame 2 at one end thereof, and at the other end, a central portion of a long support frame 8 is pivotally mounted and the support frame 8 is provided with a crushed soil rolling element 6 Was supported. In this embodiment, the cultivated soil cultivated and inverted by each bottom 1 is crushed by the small rolling elements 6 for crushed soil, and the crushed soil is re-crushed by the rolling elements 6 for large crushed soil. Even if there is one rolling element 6 for crushed soil in the traveling direction as shown in the figure,
There may be two as shown in FIG.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a crushing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the crushing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the crushing apparatus, showing a state in which the reversible plow 4 is inverted from the state shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the reversible plow 4 rotated by 90 °.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an inverted structure of the reversible plow 4.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the rolling element 6 for crushed soil according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a crushing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a soil breaking device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a soil crushing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 bottom 2 plow frame 3 mounting frame 4 reversible plow 5 crushed soil frame 6 crushed soil rolling element 7 base frame 8 support frame 9 legs 10 disc 11 bar 12 rotary shaft 13 mounting rod 14 reversing hydraulic cylinder 15 inverted V-shaped bracket 16 Tractor 17 Bolt hole 18 Bearing 19 Shaft part 20 Lock pin insertion part 21 Bolt 22 Lock plate 23 Hydraulic motor 24 Long hole 25 Fixed pipe 26 Bearing bracket 27 Bifurcated material 28 Bolt hole 29 Piston rod 30 Coulter

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A reversible plow 4 having a plow frame 2 provided with one or more plowing bottoms 1 at the top and bottom, and the plow frame 2 being configured to be reversible with respect to a mounting frame 3 of a tractor 16. In the posture of the cultivated soil by the bottom 1, the bottom 1
Of the support shaft that extends to the rearward direction of the bottom 1 and to the rear of the bottom 1 in the traveling direction, and the axis line of the support shaft located on the reverse side of the tillage is oriented in the traveling direction and is rotatably attached to the plow frame 2. Crushed soil frame 5, and a crushed soil which is disposed at a position rearward of the crushed soil in a direction in which the longitudinal direction intersects with the moving direction of the bottom 1 and is rotatably attached so as to be located below the crushed soil frame 5 in the direction of gravity. And a rolling element 6 for use in the crushed soil frame 5 provided on the crushed soil frame 5, the crushed soil frame 5 is configured such that moments based on its own weight around its pivotal position are substantially balanced. A reversible plow crusher. 2. The crushed earth frame 5 according to claim 1, wherein one end is fixed to the plow frame 2 and the other end is located rearward in the traveling direction, and the other end of the base frame 7. A crushing device in which a rolling element support frame 8 of a gate type whose central portion in the longitudinal direction is axially supported, and the rolling elements 6 for crushing soil are attached to both of the gate type leg portions 9 of the supporting frame 8. 3. The rolling element 6 for crushed soil according to claim 1 or 2, connecting a plurality of discs 10 arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction so as to be spaced from each other and connecting the discs 10, 10 together. A crushing device comprising a large number of rods (11) protrudingly fixed to the outer periphery of the disk (10). 4. The crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the position of the rotary shaft 12 of the crushing soil rolling element 6 is vertically movable with respect to the support frame 8.