JPH07233820A - Assembling method of cardan joint and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of the slippage of a center clue to spring back action after assembly by keeping pressure acting on a bearing cup so as to be equal to elastic deformation load detected in a previous press-fitting process. CONSTITUTION:Elastic deforformation load acting on a shaft 12a and a bearing cup 14 or the displacement of a spider shaft 12 in press-fitting the bearing cup 14 on a shaft end on one side being coaxial with the spider shaft 12 are detected. Loads acting on the ends of two coaxial shafts 12a, 12a are mutually balanced even after assembled to a yoke 11 by press-fitting the bearing cup 14 on the shaft end on another side on the above detected value under the same condition, and the spider shaft 12 can thereby be assembled so as to keep an aligned state.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembling method for aligning and assembling a spider shaft on a yoke of a cardan joint, and an assembling apparatus for carrying out this assembling method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, FIG. 23 shows Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-2009.
32 is a cross-sectional side view showing a conventional cardan joint assembling apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 32, which is for assembling a spider shaft of a cardan joint to a yoke, and a work table 1 for positioning and mounting the yoke. A first press-fitting unit 5 for press-fitting a bearing cup 4 into the bearing hole 2a so as to be attached to one shaft of a spider shaft 3 fitted in a bearing hole 2a of a yoke 2 placed on the work table 1. And a second press-fitting unit 6 for press-fitting the bearing cup 4 into the other bearing hole so as to be attached to the other shaft opposite thereto, and the spider shaft 3 is positioned and at least press-fitted by the first press-fitting unit 5. Absorption of machining error of each part when press-fitting the spider shaft receiving jig 7 and the bearing cup 4 which sometimes receives the load applied to the spider shaft 3. In addition, the yoke receiving jig 8 that slides separately and comes into contact with the yoke 2 and receives the load applied to the yoke 2 during press-fitting, and the load applied to the spider shaft receiving jig 7 and the yoke receiving jig 8 respectively. And an elevating base 9 that is vertically slidable.

The cardan joint assembling apparatus is
The yoke 2 is placed on the work table 1 with the center line of the yoke 2 aligned with the center line of the work table 1.
The spider shaft 3 is temporarily inserted in the bearing hole 2a of FIG. Next, when the elevating base 9 is lowered, the position of the spider shaft 3 is corrected to the correct position by the spider shaft receiving jig 7, and the yoke receiving jigs 8 come into contact with the insides of both arms of the yoke 2, respectively. The spider shaft receiving jig 7 is in contact with the side surface of the cross-shaped spider shaft 2 in the right angle direction, and is arranged so as to be able to receive the load from the side at the time of press fitting by the press fitting cylinder.

First, by the first press-fitting unit 5,
The bearing cup 4 is pressed into the bearing hole 2a of the yoke 2 into which one end side of the spider shaft 3 is inserted, until the inner bottom portion of the bearing cup 4 abuts on the tip surface of the spider shaft 3, and Bearing hole 2a on the outer peripheral surface
Crim it to the inner surface of. And similarly, the other bearing hole 2
The bearing cup 4 is press-fitted into a to complete the assembly.

[0005]

However, when the cardan joint is assembled by the above-described conventional assembling apparatus, when the bearing cup 4 is press-fitted into the bearing hole 2a of the yoke 2, the spider shaft 3 is not attached. If the elastic deformation of the bearing cup 4 attached to both ends and the elastic deformation of the spider shaft 3 itself do not deform equally on both sides, when removed from the jig after assembly, the center of the spider shaft 3 shifts due to springback. There was a problem of causing.

The concentricity between the center of the yoke 2 and the center of the spider shaft 3 has a great influence on the quality of the cardan joint, and when the concentricity is low, vibration is generated during the rotation of the joint, which is caused in the automobile. In some cases, it can cause vibrations and whine.

However, in the case of the conventional assembling method, if the press fitting units 5 and 6 are retracted when the interference amount of the bearing cup press fitting portion is negative, the width of the circumferential groove for the snap ring,
That is, the dimension between the inner side wall of the circumferential groove and the inner side surface of the yoke, which serves as a reference for determining the plate thickness of the snap ring, changes, so that the correct dimension cannot be measured unless the pressure is maintained. However, if you try to measure with the pressure applied, the area that can be measured is limited to one point on the upper part, and if the processing accuracy of the part is low, the groove width of the snap ring groove cannot be measured accurately, There were problems that the snap ring could not fit in the groove, and the plate thickness of the snap ring was thin so that there was a gap and the center shifted.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for assembling a cardan joint in which a center shift does not occur after assembly.

[0009]

As a means for solving the above problems, according to the assembling method of the present invention, two coaxial shaft ends of a cross-shaped spider shaft are formed on a pair of arms of a yoke. The bearing cups are fitted into the respective bearing holes, and the bearing cups are press-fitted into the respective bearing holes, so that the bearing cups are attached to the end portions of the shafts, and further the circumferences formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cups. In a method of assembling a cardan joint, a snap ring is attached to the groove so that outer peripheral portions of the snap ring come into contact with inner surfaces of the pair of arms facing each other, and the spider shaft is assembled to the yoke.
When press-fitting the one bearing cup into the bearing hole, the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft on which the bearing cup is attached or the axial displacement of the shaft on which the bearing cup is attached is detected, and then the other When press-fitting the bearing cup of
Make sure that the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft with the other bearing cup or the axial displacement of the shaft with this bearing cup is equal to the elastic deformation load or displacement detected previously. Is characterized by.

Also, in the cardan joint assembling method according to claim 1, before the spider shaft is assembled to the yoke, the bearing cups are coaxially attached to both shaft ends at the same pressure as in the final attachment state. Temporarily assemble so as to abut, and in this temporary assembled state, the dimension from the central axis of the spider shaft to the circumferential groove of each bearing cup that is adhered, and the rotation axis of the yoke to the inside of the yoke. The dimension up to the side surface is measured, and the appropriate plate thickness of the snap ring to be mounted in each of the circumferential grooves is obtained in advance based on these measured values. Next, after removing the temporarily assembled bearing cup from the end portion of the spider shaft, the both end portions of the spider shaft are fitted into the bearing holes of the yoke, respectively, and then the bearing cup is attached to each of the bearing holes. The bearing cups are press-fitted into the bottom of the shafts until they come into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the bearing cups are attached to the shaft end portions. Press both bearing cups toward each other so that they are compressed more than the state,
In this state, in the circumferential groove of each bearing cup, the snap ring of the appropriate plate thickness obtained in advance is fitted, respectively, and then, after releasing the pressing of the both bearing cups, the two arms of the yoke are It is characterized in that the inner surfaces of both arms are brought into contact with the side surfaces of the respective snap rings fitted in the circumferential grooves of both bearing cups by elastically deforming in such a direction that the interval becomes narrow.

Further, in the assembling apparatus of the present invention, the two coaxial shaft ends of the cross-shaped spider shaft are fitted into the bearing holes formed in the pair of arms of the yoke, and the bearings are mounted. By press-fitting the bearing cups into the holes, the bearing cups are attached to the end portions of the shafts, and a snap ring is attached to a peripheral groove formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cup, and an outer periphery of the snap ring is attached. In a cardan joint assembling apparatus in which the parts are attached so as to abut against the inner surfaces of the pair of arms facing each other, and the spider shaft is assembled to the yoke, a holding means for aligning and holding the yoke and the spider shaft separately. A first press-fitting means for press-fitting the bearing cups into the bearing holes of the yoke into which the shafts are fitted and A second injection means, bearing cups held in the holding means is characterized by comprising a measuring device for measuring the elastic deformation load applied to the deposition has been spider shaft.

Further, in this assembling apparatus, both ends of two coaxial shafts of the cross-shaped spider shaft are fitted and mounted in the bearing holes formed in the pair of arms of the yoke, and the shaft holes are inserted in the bearing holes. By press-fitting the bearing cups, the bearing cups are attached to the respective shaft end portions, and a snap ring is attached to the peripheral groove formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cup, and the outer peripheral portion of the snap ring is In a cardan joint assembling apparatus that is mounted so as to abut against the inner surfaces of the pair of arms that face each other and assembles a spider shaft on a yoke, holding means for aligning and holding the yoke and the spider shaft separately, First press-fitting means for press-fitting the bearing cups into the bearing holes of the yoke into which both shafts are fitted, and And 2 injection means, bearing cups held in the holding means is characterized by comprising a measuring device for measuring the displacement amount in the axial direction of the deposition has been spider shaft.

[0013]

In the assembling method and assembling apparatus of the present invention, when one bearing cup is press-fitted into the bearing hole, the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft to which the bearing cup is attached or the shaft to which the bearing cup is attached is applied. The displacement amount in the axial direction is detected in advance, and when press-fitting the other bearing cup, the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft on which the other bearing cup is attached or the axial direction of the shaft on which this bearing cup is attached is detected. Since the displacement amount is press-fitted so as to be equal to the elastic deformation load or the displacement amount detected previously, the elastic deformation states of both shafts and both bearing cups become equal. Therefore, the so-called springback amount in which the elastic deformation returns to the original when the pressurized state is released after the assembly is completed becomes equal, and the occurrence of misalignment after assembly is prevented.

Before assembling the spider shaft to the yoke, the bearing cups are temporarily assembled to the two coaxial shaft end portions of the spider shaft so that the bearing cups are clamped at the same pressure as the final adhered state. Pressurize from both ends, and in this state, measure the distance from the central axis of the spider shaft to the circumferential groove on the outer circumference of the bearing cup attached to both ends, and measure the distance from the rotation axis of the yoke to the inner surface. In addition to measuring the distance and calculating the appropriate plate thickness of the two snap rings to be used by mounting them in each groove from both measured values, there is no need to measure the groove width during assembly. The exact plate thickness of the snap ring to be used can be easily determined, and it is possible to prevent the snap ring from being unable to be fitted or the play from being generated due to a measurement error. In addition, in the snap ring mounting step performed after the bearing cup is press-fitted, the compression load of the elastic member is made larger than that in the final attached state, so that the distance between the two bearing cups is made closer than that in the final attached state. The groove width between the circumferential groove for mounting and the inner side surface is enlarged, and the snap ring can be easily mounted. Furthermore, when the yoke is elastically deformed in the direction in which the gap between the inner surfaces of the yoke becomes narrower so that the snap ring installed in the circumferential groove abuts the inner surface of the yoke, the amount of press fit into the bearing hole of the bearing cup automatically. After being corrected, the yoke springs back to correct the amount of fitting of the bearing cup to the shaft end, and the spider shaft is automatically centered.

Further, this assembling apparatus is provided with a measuring device for measuring the elastic deformation load applied to the spider shaft and the bearing cup held by the holding means,
Therefore, the elastic deformation load at the time of press-fitting one bearing cup is measured, and when the other bearing cup is press-fitted, the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft on which the bearing cup is adhered is the elastic deformation measured previously. By performing press fitting while measuring with this measuring device so that it becomes equal to the load, it is possible to accurately manage the elastic deformation load applied to both ends of the shaft and improve the accuracy of concentricity between the yoke and the spider shaft. Becomes Then, in this state, the width of the snap ring groove is measured, and the snap ring selected according to the groove width is attached to complete the assembly.

Further, another assembly device is provided with a measuring device for measuring the fitting amount of the bearing cup on the shaft end portion, and an aligning device for aligning the center of the spider shaft with the center of the yoke. Therefore, the elastic deformation amount of the shaft and the bearing cup during press fitting of one bearing cup is measured, and when the other bearing cup is press fitted, the elastic deformation amount of the other shaft and bearing cup is
By performing press-fitting while measuring with this measuring device so as to be equal to the elastic deformation amount measured previously, the accuracy of concentricity between the yoke and the spider shaft is improved. In this state, the width of the snap ring groove is measured, and the snap ring selected according to the groove width is attached to complete the assembly.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a cardan joint assembling method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

1 to 7 show in sequence the steps of assembling a cardan joint according to the assembling method of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the cardan joint is used to carry out this assembling method. The assembling device is a device for assembling a yoke 11 provided with forked arms 11a, 11a of a cardan joint on one end side and a cross-shaped spider shaft 12, and the yoke 11 is an anchor joint portion on the other end side. Alternatively, the work table 13 for centering and fixing the flange portion and the yoke 11 fixed on the work table 13 have a bearing cup 11 in a bearing hole 11b provided in an arm 11a on the left side in FIG.
To the first press-fitting machine 15 for press-fitting the ram 15a by advancing the ram 15a with the servomotor, and similarly to the bearing hole 1 of the right arm 11a.
1b is provided with a bearing cup 14, and a second press-fitting machine 16 for press-fitting a ram 16a by advancing the ram 16a by a servomotor.

Further, when the bearing cup 14 is press-fitted, it is lowered to engage the inside of the upper portion of each arm 11a to prevent the yoke 11 from being deformed, and the four yoke projection jigs 17 protruding downward. The spider shaft 12 is provided by fitting the roots of the four shafts 12a of the spider shaft 12 that are provided with the claws 18a and are horizontally supported by lowering the claws 18a between the four claws 18a. The spider shaft holding jig 18 that is centered and is held in the centered state, and the spider shaft holding jig 18 that is pressed against the bottom of the bearing cup 14 when the bearing cup 14 is press-fitted
The strain gauge 19 for detecting the elastic deformation load of the spider shaft 12 or the like from the displacement amount of the strain gauge 19 is provided, and the strain gauge 19 and the spider shaft holding jig 18 are configured to integrally move up and down. A peripheral groove 14a for mounting the snap ring 20 (see FIG. 7) for retaining and positioning is formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cup 14. At the inner bottom portion of the bearing cup 14, there is provided a disc-shaped resin spacer 21 which is an elastic body that is pressed against the end surface of the spider shaft 12 to generate a predetermined rotation resistance.
A needle bearing (not shown) is disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the bearing cup 14 by an adhesive agent or the like so that each end side of the spider shaft 12 is rotatably retained. Has become. The reference numeral 11c is
The opposite side surfaces of both arms 11a of the yoke 11 are formed by smooth cutting, and the bearing hole 11b is formed in the horizontal direction substantially at the center of each inner side surface.

Next, a case of assembling a cardan joint by the assembling apparatus of this embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

First, FIG. 1 shows a work setting process. When the yoke 11 is placed on the work table 13 of the assembling apparatus and chucked, the yoke 11 is automatically aligned and fixed. The pair of arms 11 of the fixed yoke 11
In each of the bearing holes 11b of a and 11a, the spider shaft 1
The two shafts 12a, 12a on the same axis are fitted and the arm 11 is inserted into each of the bearing holes 11b.
The bearing cup 14 is inserted from the outside of a, 11a with the cup opening side being engaged with the outer periphery of the end of the shaft 12a in the hole.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a jig setting process, in which the yoke holding jigs 17 and 17 are lowered to move the yoke 1
After engaging the inside of the upper ends of the arms 11a, 11a of No. 1,
When the strain gauge 19 and the spider shaft holding jig 18 are lowered, each shaft 12a is placed between the four claws 18a.
Is inserted, the spider shaft 12 is automatically aligned, and the aligned state is maintained. In this state, the first press-fitting machine 15 and the second press-fitting machine 1
6 to move the rams 15a and 16a to the center line CL
1 is the center line CL2 of the bearing cups 14, 14 for press fitting
Set so that it is located on the extension line of.

FIG. 3 shows the temporary press-fitting step, in which the first press-fitting machine 15 and the second press-fitting machine 16 are simultaneously operated to press-fit the bearing cups 14 into the respective bearing holes 11b by a predetermined amount.
In this temporary press-fitting step, the press-fitting amount is set to a position where the tip end surface of each shaft 12a does not come into contact with the resin spacer 21 at the bottom of the bearing cup 14, so that both the first and second press-fitting are performed without considering the press-fitting stop accuracy. This is a process performed so that the press-fitting machine can be fast-forwarded and the cycle time can be shortened.

4 and 5 show the main press-fitting process. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the left press-fitting machine 15 is used to main-press-fit the left bearing cup 14 into the shaft of the resin spacer 21. When the end surface of 12a is further moved by a certain amount (x mm) from the contact state, there is a gap between the shaft 12a in the bearing cup 14 on the right side and the resin spacer 21, and thus the pushed shaft 12 is pressed.
a moves to the right in the figure.

At this time, the contact between the resin spacer 21 in the left bearing cup 14 and the shaft 12a can be detected from the output of the strain gauge 19 attached to the spider shaft holding jig 18. That is, the sensor output is adjusted to zero in a state where the center of the yoke 11 and the center of the spider shaft are aligned with each other, and the point at which the sensor output changes from zero to plus is the contact point between the shaft 12a and the resin spacer 21. It is a point. Further, the stroke amount (x mm) from the contact point is equal to the compression amount (preset) of the resin spacer 21.
The compression amount of is expressed by the following formula, where the rotation resistance of the shaft 12a generated by pressing the end surface of the shaft 12a against the resin spacer 21 is the set torque: set torque × α (α: coefficient determined by the characteristics of the resin spacer). Desired.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the right pressurizing of the bearing cup 14 on the right side is performed by the second press-fitting machine 16, and at the same time, the shaft 12a displaced rightward is pushed back to the left to adjust the spider shaft 12. Do the heart.

This alignment method is achieved by press-fitting the right bearing cup 14 so that the output of the strain gauge 19 attached to the spider shaft holding jig 18 returns to zero from the plus side. . That is, the spider shaft 12 having the bearing cups 14 and 14 adhered to both ends is the resin spacer 2 inside the bearing cups 14 and 14, respectively.
Since the elastic force of 1, 21 pushes and positions from both ends with equal force, the pressure input of both bearing cups 14, 14, that is, the compressive force of each of the resin spacers 21, 21 is automatically made equal. Aligned and the concentric state before press fitting is restored. Then, even after the yoke holding jig 17, the spider shaft holding jig 18, etc. are removed after alignment, the center of the spider shaft 12 and the yoke 1 are removed.
There is no misalignment with the center of 1.

FIG. 6 shows a step of measuring the groove width in which the snap ring 20 is mounted. In this measuring step, after the press-fitting of the bearing cup 14 is completed, the rams 15a of the press-fitting machines 15 and 16, 16a is retracted respectively,
This is performed by raising the yoke holding jig 17 and the spider shaft holding jig 18, and the groove width, that is, each bearing hole 1
Intervals W1 and W2 between the inner side wall of the circumferential groove 14a of the bearing cup 14 press-fitted in 1b and the inner side surface 11c of each arm 11a in which the bearing hole 11b is formed facing the side wall.
Are measured with calipers.

FIG. 7 shows the mounting process of the snap ring 20. Based on the measured values W1 and W2 of the groove width measured in the previous process, the appropriate plate thicknesses t1 and t2 (t1,
At t2, the snap rings 20 and 20 having the inner ring thickness closest to W1 and W2 are selected, and the snap rings 20 and 20 are attached using an appropriate tool to complete the assembly.

Therefore, as described above, by assembling the Cardan joint by the assembling method of this embodiment, each of the coaxial end portions of the two shafts 12a, 12a of the spider shaft 12 is attached. The resin spacers 21 and 21 in the bearing cup 14 can be assembled with equal loads for elastically deforming them, and the center of the spider shaft 12 and the center of the yoke 11 can be aligned with each other. Further, even after the assembling, the load is balanced at the time of deformation, so that misalignment does not occur.

Further, in this embodiment, the strain gauge 19 is attached to the spider shaft holding jig 18 and the bearing cup 14 is press-fitted so that the elastic deformation loads at the time of press-fitting are equal on the left and right sides. Attach a position sensor such as a dial gauge to the shaft holding jig 18,
Amount of elastic deformation when the bearing cup 14 is pressed (resin spacer 2
Even if the press-fitting is performed such that the compression amount of 1) becomes equal on the left and right, substantially the same operation and effect can be obtained.

FIGS. 8 to 22 show a second embodiment of the method and apparatus for assembling a cardan joint according to the present invention. FIGS. 8 to 13 show the assembling steps in sequence, and FIGS. Shows an assembling device for performing this assembling method, FIGS. 17 to 20 show a measuring device for measuring the groove width in a state where the bearing cup and the spider shaft are temporarily assembled, and FIG. 21 shows a snap ring mounting device. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a propeller shaft PS having a cardan joint CJ assembled by the method of this embodiment.

The assembly method of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 13. Before assembling the yoke 31 of the cardan joint CJ and the spider shaft 32, the bifurcated arm 31a of the yoke 31, Dimensions L1 and L2 between inner side surfaces 31c and 31c formed by cutting portions of 31a facing each other and a rotation axis of the yoke 31 (see FIG. 8).
And the bearing cup 34 is temporarily assembled to the spider shaft 32 in the same manner as in the final adhered state, and each bearing is temporarily assembled to each end from the center of the other shaft 32a orthogonal to the spider shaft 32. Dimensions L3 and L4 up to the peripheral groove 36 formed on the outer periphery of the cup 34 (see FIG. 9)
And are measured respectively.

First, when the dimensions L1 and L2 of the yoke 31 are measured, for example, a measuring device 36 shown in FIG. 14 is used. The measuring device 36 has a base 39 provided with a chuck mechanism for fixing the lower part of the yoke 31 and a bearing hole 31b of the yoke 31 chucked on the base 39 so that the measuring device 36 can be fitted into the base 39 without any clearance. The pin 37, a positioning cylinder 38 for driving the positioning pin 37 forward and backward in the horizontal direction, a measuring unit main body 42 formed in a gate shape so as to straddle the chucked yoke 31, and the measuring unit main body 4
An elevating cylinder 41 that drives the unit 2 up and down, a measuring element 45 that is suspended below the gate-type measuring section body 42 so as to slide parallel to the sliding direction of the positioning pin 39, and the measuring element 45 is horizontal. Slide cylinder 44 that drives in the direction,
It comprises a position sensor 47 such as a dial gauge for mechanically measuring and displaying the movement amount of the probe.

The yoke 31 is attached to the measuring device 36.
After the positioning pin 37 is moved forward to be fitted into the bearing hole 31b and chucked in a state where it is positioned, the measuring unit main body 42 is lowered by the elevating cylinder 41, and the positioning hole 42a at the lower end thereof is planted on the base 39. The measuring section main body 42 is positioned and fixed to the base side by engaging the locate pin 43 provided (see FIG. 16).
Then, the measuring element 45 is moved by the slide cylinder 44,
After zero resetting on the axis of rotation of the yoke 31, the tracing stylus 45 is driven to the right in FIG.
The vertical contact plate 46 provided on the right side surface of the
The inner side surface 31 formed inside the right arm 31a of 1
c, and the measured value of the position sensor 47 at this point is L2
It becomes a dimension. Similarly, after zero resetting the tracing stylus 45, it is slid to the left, and when the left contact plate 46 comes into contact with the left inner surface 31c, the measurement value of the position sensor 47 becomes L1. At this time, even if the accuracy of cutting the inner side surface 31c formed on the yoke 31 is low and, for example, the squareness of the inner side surface is bad as shown in FIG. 15, the vertical dimension of the contact plate 46 causes the minimum dimension L1. , L2 are respectively measured, the plate thickness of the snap ring 20 which will be determined in a later step will not be too thick and cannot be mounted.

On the other hand, the dimension L3 of the spider shaft 32
, L4 is measured using, for example, a measuring device 48 shown in FIG. The measuring device 48 includes a work holding part 52 having a V-shaped claw 53 for mounting the non-measurement side shaft 32a of the cross-shaped spider shaft 32 on an upper end thereof.
It is provided with a right measuring unit 49 and a left measuring unit 50 which are arranged symmetrically with the work holding portion 52 sandwiched therebetween. The right measuring unit 49 and the left measuring unit 50 are arranged inside and opposite to each other. The two backup members 49a, 50a are connected to each other by two guide rails 62, 62 penetrating through the provided backup members 49a, 50a so as to move toward and away from each other. It is driven in the approaching direction and the separating direction by cylinders 51, 51 connected at the upper and lower ends thereof. Left and right measuring units 4
The outer surfaces of the backup members 49a and 50a are located on the center lines of the shaft 32a to which the bearing cup 34 of the spider shaft 32 supported on the V-shaped claw 53 is attached. Cylindrical stoppers 55, 55 are provided at the center so that they can be driven forward and backward in the horizontal direction by pressure cylinders 57, 57.
Reference numeral 56 in FIG. 17 is a collet chuck, which is opened and closed by a stopper 55 via an arm 58. Further, reference numeral 60 is a measuring element, 61 is a cylinder for driving the measuring element 60, and in FIG. 19, reference numeral 53a is a spring for supporting the V-shaped claw 53 holding the spider shaft 32 in a floating state.

The left and right measuring units 49, 50 of the measuring device 48 are separated from each other, and the spider shaft 32 is not measured on the V-shaped pawl 53 at the upper end of the work holding part 52. 32a is placed, and the shaft 32a which is orthogonal to the shaft 32a and has the bearing cup 34 attached to the end thereof is held so as to be horizontal. Next, the cylinders 51, 51 drive the two measuring units 49, 50 in the direction of approaching each other, and the backup members 49a,
It is stopped at a predetermined interval with 50a. In this state, the tip ends of the shafts 32a, 32a to which the bearing cups 34 are attached are attached to the backup members 4a and 4b.
A through hole formed coaxially with the stopper 55 is inserted in the center of 9a, 50a.

Next, the stoppers 55, 55 are moved forward by the pressurizing cylinders 51, 51, and the bearing cup 3 attached to the shafts 32a, 32a coaxially arranged.
4, 34 are clamped between the tips of the stoppers 55, 55. The clamping pressure at this time is the spider shaft 3
2 is the same as the state where the yoke 31 is completely assembled, the resin spacer 35 in the bearing cup 34 is compressed,
That is, the strength is set in advance so as to be the same as the final adhered state.

Then, the coaxial shafts 32a, 32a
The bearing cups 34, 34 attached to the respective end portions of the bearing cups 3 and 4 are clamped at a predetermined pressure F1 between the tips of the stoppers 55, 55, and the bearing cups 3 from the center of the spider shaft 32.
L3 up to the peripheral groove 34a formed on the outer periphery of 4,
Measure L4. This measurement is performed by driving the tracing stylus 60 with the cylinder 61.

The respective dimensions L1 and L measured as described above
From the measured values of 2, L3 and L4, bearing cups 34 and 34
Circumferential grooves 34a, 34a of the inner surface 31c of the yoke 31,
The groove widths G1 and G2 between 31c are calculated (G1 = L
1-L3, G2 = L2-L4). Next, each groove width G1, G2
Plate thicknesses t1 and t2 (t1 and t2 are G1
, Snap ring 6 with the closest inner ring thickness to G2)
3, 64 are selected in advance. Then, after the snap rings 63 and 64 having appropriate thicknesses are determined, the yoke 31 and the spider shaft 32 are assembled using the assembling device 65.

As shown in FIG. 10, the assembling device 65 is a device for assembling a yoke 31 having bifurcated arms 31a, 31a of a cardan joint at one end and a cross-shaped spider shaft 32. A work table 66 for centering and fixing the other end of the yoke 11, and the work table 6
6, the yoke 31 fixed on the bearing 6 has a bearing hole 31b formed in the arm 31a on the left side in FIG.
A first press-fitting machine 67 for press-fitting
The servomotor 67a rotates the screw rod 67b to move the ram 67c forward, and the bearing cup 34 is press-fitted at the tip of the ram 67c. Similarly, a second press-fitting machine 68 for press-fitting the bearing cup 34 is provided in the bearing hole 31b of the right arm 31a.
Numeral 8 is capable of highly accurate positioning by a positioning device 72 (one of which is omitted) having a three-dimensional floating mechanism.

The work table 66 also comprises a chuck mechanism 66a such as a collet chuck for fixing the brazing joint portion at the lower end of the yoke 31, and a plurality of clamp mechanisms 66b for fixing the flange portions of the yoke. Also the first
The second both press-fitting machines 67, 68 are integrally provided with backup parts 67d, 68d for preventing displacement of the arms 31a, 31a of the yoke 31 during press-fitting.

Above the yoke 31 fixed on the work table 66, bearing holes 31b, 31b of the yoke 31 are provided.
It is equipped with four claws 69a to be fitted into the roots of the four shafts 32a of the spider shaft 32 supported substantially horizontally by inserting the shaft ends into the four claws 69a. By this, the spider shaft holding jig 6 for centering and holding the spider shaft 32
9 is provided so as to be able to move up and down.

Further, the spider shaft holding jig 69 is provided with a displacement sensor 70 for detecting an axial displacement amount of the spider shaft 32 pushed through the bearing cup 34 when the bearing cup 34 is press-fitted. The measuring device 71 is a spider shaft holding jig 69.
It is attached so that it can move up and down together. Note that FIG.
In 0, reference numeral 72 is a positioning mechanism for the press-fitting machines 67 and 68 (one of which is omitted).

FIG. 10 shows the process of press-fitting the bearing cup 34. First, as a preparatory step, the yoke 31 is clamped in a centered state on the work table 66. Next, in the bearing holes 31b and 31b of the clamped yoke 31, the two coaxial shafts 32 of the spider shaft 32 are provided.
When the spider shaft holding jig 69 is lowered after the a and 32a are fitted and attached substantially horizontally, the lower end of the spider shaft holding jig 69 is
The hook 69a of the book is fitted to the root of each shaft 32a, and the spider shaft 32 is automatically positioned and centered.

Then, the bearing cups 34, 34 to which the resin spacers 35 are attached in the center of the inner bottom portion in advance are loosely fitted in the respective bearing holes 31b, 31b of the yoke 31.
The first press-fitting machine 67 and the second press-fitting machine 68 are provided with backup parts 67d and 68d at their tips, and the yoke 3
No. 1 arm 31a, 31a is engaged with each inside, and the axes of the rams 67c, 68c are aligned with each other.
The bearing holes 34a and 31a are positioned on the center line. At this time, both press-fitting machines 67 and 68 have 3
Since it is provided via the positioning device 72 having a dimensional floating mechanism, each position in the front-rear, left-right, and up-down directions can be adjusted precisely and easily, so that positioning such as centering can be performed with high accuracy.

With this state as the initial position, the position sensor 70 provided in the spider shaft position measuring device 71 is reset to zero, and then the bearing cup 34 is press-fitted. This press-fitting is first performed from the left side in FIG. 10, and when the servomotor 67a of the first press-fitting machine 67 rotates the screw rod 67b forward to move the ram 67c forward, the tip of the ram 67c comes into close contact with the bearing cup 34 that has been separated. After that, the bearing cup 34 is pushed and press-fitted into the bearing hole 31b. Since one shaft 32a on the same axis of the spider shaft 32 is already inserted and inserted in the bearing hole 31b, the press-fitted bearing cup 34 is attached to the tip of the shaft 32a, thereby The center of the shaft 32a is automatically centered. At this time, the yoke 31
Each arm 31a, 31a of the backup unit 67d,
Since 68d engages inward and receives a reaction force, elastic deformation of the yoke 31 when the bearing cup 34 is press-fitted is suppressed.

Then, from the point where the tip of the shaft 32a comes into contact with the surface of the resin spacer 35 at the inner bottom portion of the bearing cup 34 which is being press-fitted, a predetermined amount of δ mm is press-fitted. This predetermined amount δ
mm corresponds to a preset compression amount of the resin spacer 35 in the bearing cup 34, and the shaft 32a is pushed by the press-fitted bearing cup 34 to move rightward in FIG. 10 by a predetermined amount δ mm. Is read by the displacement sensor 70 and the press-fitting is stopped.

Next, in the same manner, the right side bearing cup 34 is press-fitted by the second press-fitting machine 68, and the bearing cup 34 is pressed.
The resin spacer 35 inside is press-fitted until it is compressed, and the displacement sensor 72 reads that the shaft 32a, which has been displaced by δ mm to the right, is pushed back and the displacement amount becomes 0 mm, and the press-fitting is stopped. .

Therefore, in this state, the two shafts 32a, 3 coaxial with the spider shaft 31 are provided.
The bearing cups 34, 34 are in the same state as the final adhered state, that is, the left and right bearing cups 34, 34 are evenly pressed into the 2a, and the resin spacers 35, 35 therein are also compressed by δ mm at the same time. When the spider shaft 32 is aligned, the circumferential grooves 34 of the bearing cups 34, 34 are
As shown in FIG. 11, the groove widths between a and 34a and the inner side surfaces 31c and 31c of the yoke 31 are groove widths G1 and G2 measured in advance with the bearing cup 34 temporarily attached to the spider shaft 32. Has become.

FIG. 12 shows a mounting process of two snap rings 63 and 64 with plate thicknesses t1 and t2 which are preselected according to the groove widths G1 and G2.
The groove widths G1 and G2 for facilitating mounting of 3, 64
To temporarily expand each. That is, the bearing cups 34, 34 are attached to the first press-fitting machine 6 at both ends of the coaxial shafts 32a, 32a that are attached in the same manner as the final attachment state.
7 and the second press-fitting machine 68 simultaneously press at a predetermined pressure. The predetermined pressure at this time is the bearing cup 3
With a size that overcomes the grease in 4 and the resistance of the seal part,
And a small force (50N
Is suitable.

Therefore, in this state, the resin spacers 35, 35 are equally compressed, and the bearing cups 34, 35
34 are close to each other and the circumferential grooves 34a, 34a are formed on the inner surface 3
While the groove width is widened away from 1c and 31c, the spider shaft 32 is held in a centered state, and in this state, it is mounted by the snap ring mounting device 73 shown in FIG.

This snap ring is mounted by inserting the preselected snap rings 63 and 64 into the predetermined circumferential grooves 34a and 34a. The snap ring 63 having the thickness t1 is shown in FIG. Mounting jig 7 on the left side
3b, and the cylinder 73a pushes to mount it. Further, the snap ring 64 having the thickness t2 is shown in FIG.
1, the mounting jig 73b on the right side is set and pushed by the cylinder 73a to be mounted. In this way
The snap rings 63 and 64 are mounted in a state where the groove width is enlarged (the state in FIG. 18A) and the spider shaft 32 is centered.

FIG. 13 shows the finishing process.
Both press-fitting machines 67 and 6 in which the bearing cups 34 and 34 are press-fitted.
8 screw motor 67a, 68a
Rotate b and 68b in the opposite direction to rotate rams 67c and 68b.
After retracting c, use an appropriate tool such as a cylinder,
By pressing both arms 31a, 31a of the yoke 31 in a direction approaching each other, the snap ring 63 or the snap ring 64 mounted in the circumferential groove 34a of each bearing cup 34 has the inner side of each circumferential groove 34a and the yoke 31. Each inner surface 3
1c is elastically deformed so as to abut both (FIG.
8 (A)), the bearing cups 34, 34 spring back when the pressing force is lost, and the bearing cups 34, 34 are supported by the arms 32a, 32a side that spring back, and the gap between them expands to the final attached state. Upon returning, the spider shaft 32 maintains the centered state, and the assembly of the cardan joint is completed.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the resin spacers 21 and 35 are provided in the bearing cups 14 and 34 has been described.
Even if a member such as 1, 35 that easily elastically deforms is not used, the spider shafts 12, 32 and the bearing cup 1
By similarly measuring the elastic deformation load or the amount of elastic deformation of 4, 34, the assembly can be performed with high accuracy.

[0056]

The cardan joint assembling method of the present invention is
In the press-fitting process of the bearing cup, the subsequent press-fitting is performed so that it becomes equal to the elastic deformation load or displacement detected by the previous press-fitting, so the springback amount when the pressurized state is released after the assembly is completed It becomes equal at both ends, and the occurrence of misalignment after assembly is prevented.

Before assembling the spider shaft to the yoke, the bearing cup is temporarily attached to the end of the shaft under the same conditions as the final adhered state, and the dimensions of the required portion are measured. If the groove width of the groove to which the snap ring is attached is calculated and the appropriate plate thickness of the snap ring is determined from the obtained value, the work of measuring the groove width during assembly becomes unnecessary and the snap ring used An accurate plate thickness of the ring is required, and it is possible to prevent the snap ring from being unable to fit or the play from being generated due to an error in the measurement of the groove width. In addition, since the press-fitting amount of both bearing cups is increased in the snap ring mounting step, the groove width is enlarged, and the snap ring can be easily mounted. Further, after mounting the snap ring, the spider shaft can be automatically aligned with the center of the yoke by elastically deforming the yoke in the direction in which the distance between both inner side surfaces of the yoke is narrowed.

Further, since this assembly device is equipped with a measuring device for measuring the elastic deformation load, the load at the time of press-fitting the bearing cup is measured by this measuring device so that it is applied to both ends of the coaxial shaft. The press-fitting conditions of the bearing cups can be made equal, the springback amounts in both directions after assembling can be made equal, and the occurrence of misalignment after assembling can be prevented.

Further, since this assembling apparatus is equipped with a measuring device for measuring the displacement amount of the spider shaft, the displacement amount is measured by this measuring device, and the bearings to both ends of the coaxial shaft are provided. The conditions for press-fitting the cups can be made equal, the springback amounts in both directions after assembly can be made equal, and the occurrence of misalignment after assembly can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing a configuration of an apparatus for performing a cardan joint assembling method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a press-fitting preparation process of the bearing cup in the assembling method of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a temporary press-fitting process of the bearing cup.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the same main press-fitting process for the left bearing cup.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the same main press-fitting step and centering step of the right bearing cup.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a groove width measuring step in the same manner.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a snap ring mounting process.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a yoke dimension measuring step in the method of assembling the cardan joint according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a step of measuring the dimensions of the spider shaft in the same manner.

FIG. 10 is a sectional front view showing a process of press-fitting a bearing cup by an apparatus for performing the assembling method of the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a yoke and a spider shaft in a press-fitting completed state in the assembling method of the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a step of tightening the bearing cup and a step of attaching a snap ring.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a step of elastically deforming the yoke and a completed state of assembly.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a measuring device used in a step of measuring a dimension of a yoke.

FIG. 15 is a view showing a yoke dimension measurement state by this measuring apparatus.

16 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the measuring device shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of a measuring device used in the step of measuring the dimensions of the spider shaft.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the circumferential groove and the inner surface and the snap ring.

19 is a partially sectional front view of the measuring device shown in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a tracing stylus of this measuring apparatus.

FIG. 21 is a front view of a mounting device used in a snap ring mounting step by this device.

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a propeller shaft including a cardan joint.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a conventional cardan joint assembling apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 yoke 11a arm 11b bearing hole 11c inner surface 12 spider shaft 12a coaxial shaft 14 bearing cup 14a circumferential groove 15 first press-fitting machine 16 second press-fitting machine 18 shaft holding jig 19 pressure gauge 20 snap ring 21 resin spacer 36 yoke Dimension measuring device 48 Shaft dimension measuring device 65 Assembly device 70 Displacement sensor 72 Positioning device 73 Snap ring mounting device

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Miyazaki 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Toyota Motor Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cross-shaped spider shaft having two coaxial shaft ends fitted and mounted in bearing holes formed in a pair of arms of a yoke, and bearing cups press-fitted into the bearing holes, respectively. By doing so, the bearing cups are attached to the end portions of the shafts, and a snap ring is attached to the circumferential groove formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cup, and the outer peripheral portion of the snap ring is formed of the pair of arms. A method of assembling a cardan joint, which is mounted so as to be in contact with respective inner surfaces facing each other, and the spider shaft is assembled to the yoke, wherein a shaft to which the bearing cup is attached when the one bearing cup is press-fitted into a bearing hole. The elastic deformation load applied to the bearing cup or the axial displacement of the shaft with this bearing cup attached is detected, and then the other bearing cup is pressed. When you,
Make sure that the elastic deformation load applied to the shaft with the other bearing cup or the axial displacement of the shaft with this bearing cup is equal to the elastic deformation load or displacement detected previously. A method of assembling a cardan joint characterized by the above. 2. Prior to assembling the spider shaft to the yoke, the bearing cups are temporarily assembled so as to be in contact with both shaft ends on the same axis at the same pressure as in the final adhered state,
In this temporarily assembled state, the dimension from the central axis of the spider shaft to the circumferential groove of each bearing cup that is adhered and the dimension from the rotation axis of the yoke to the inner surface of the yoke are measured. , The appropriate plate thickness of the snap ring to be mounted in each of the circumferential grooves is obtained in advance based on these measured values, and then the temporarily assembled bearing cup is removed from the end of the spider shaft. The both ends of the spider shaft are fitted into the bearing holes of the yoke, respectively, and then the bearing cup is inserted into the bearing holes,
The respective bearing cups are attached to the respective shaft end portions by press-fitting the shaft end portions with a predetermined pressure into the bottom portion thereof, and further, the shaft on which the bearing cups are attached is more than the final attached state. The bearing cups are pressed toward each other so as to be compressed a lot, and in this state, the snap rings having the proper plate thickness obtained in advance are fitted in the circumferential grooves of the respective bearing cups. After releasing the pressing of the both bearing cups, both arms of the yoke are elastically deformed in a direction in which the distance between them becomes narrower, and the inner side surfaces of both arms are fitted in the circumferential grooves of both bearing cups. The cardan joint assembling method according to claim 1, wherein the snap ring is brought into contact with a side surface of each snap ring. 3. A cross-shaped spider shaft having two coaxial shaft ends fitted and fitted into bearing holes formed in a pair of arms of a yoke, and bearing cups press-fitted into the bearing holes, respectively. By doing so, the bearing cups are attached to the end portions of the shafts, and a snap ring is attached to the circumferential groove formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cup, and the outer peripheral portion of the snap ring is formed of the pair of arms. In a cardan joint assembling apparatus, which is mounted so as to abut against inner surfaces facing each other and assembles a spider shaft on a yoke, a holding means for aligning and holding the yoke and the spider shaft separately, and inserting the both shafts. First press the bearing cups into the bearing holes of the yoke.
An apparatus for assembling a cardan joint, comprising: press-fitting means and second press-fitting means; and a measuring device for measuring an elastic deformation load applied to a spider shaft to which a bearing cup held by the holding means is attached. . 4. The cross-shaped spider shaft has two coaxial shafts, both ends of which are fitted and mounted in bearing holes formed in a pair of arms of the yoke, and bearing cups are respectively provided in the bearing holes. By press-fitting, the bearing cups are attached to the end portions of the shafts, and a snap ring is attached to a circumferential groove formed on the outer periphery of the bearing cups, and outer peripheral portions of the snap rings have the pair of arms. In a cardan joint assembling apparatus that is mounted so as to abut against the inner surfaces facing each other and assembles the spider shaft to the yoke, a holding means for separately aligning and holding the yoke and the spider shaft, and the both shafts are fitted. First press the bearing cups into the bearing holes of the inserted yoke.
An assembly of a cardan joint, comprising: press-fitting means and second press-fitting means; and a measuring device for measuring an axial displacement of a spider shaft to which a bearing cup held by the holding means is attached. apparatus.