JPH07232982A - Fertilizer for plant foliar spray - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently absorb calcium in plants by spraying the calcium salt of an aliphat. carboxylic acid on the leaf surfaces of the plants. CONSTITUTION:The aliphat. carboxylic acid may have a straight chain or branched chain and may be satd. and unsatd., insofar as the aliphat. carboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid of total 4 to 36C having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups, and preferably aliphat. carboxylic acids of 6 to 18C, and further preferably 6 to 12C. A monocarboxylic acid having one carboxyl group is more particularly preferable and a middle chain fatty acid of total 6 to 12C (e.g.: caproic acid) is most preferable. The calcium salt of this fatty acid is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the plants. The form of this fertilizer for plant foliar spray may be either liquid (dispersion) or solid, and usually, the fertilizer is sprayed as an aq. dispersion or emulsified liquid of a concn. of 0.001 to 10wt.% on the leaf surfaces of the plants at the time of use. Nonionic surfactants (e.g.: polyol fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether) and anionic surfactants (e.g.: lecithin) are used as the aq. dispersion or emulsified liquid.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer for foliar application of plants, and more particularly to a fertilizer for foliar application of plants which can promote the supplementation of calcium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, calcium is indispensable for regulating the structure and permeability of cell membranes in living organisms, and plays a very important role in maintaining the balance of metabolic systems. Calcium also has an important effect on plant growth, and has effects such as promotion of growth and efficiency of nutrient utilization.

For this reason, conventionally, for example, lime is fertilized in the soil so that the calcium content in the lime is absorbed from the roots of the plants, but in this case, the calcium content is underground in the form of calcium carbonate. Runoff, or react with nitrate ions, sulfate ions, hydrochloric acid ions, etc. given to the soil by other chemical fertilizers and run off underground in the form of calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, etc. Was not fully absorbed into the plant. In addition, since the calcium content absorbed in the plant is generally difficult to move from the old tissue to the new tissue in the body, the calcium content is sufficiently supplied throughout the plant from the root to the stem to the leaves. not,
Therefore, the growth effect of the plant was not fully exhibited.

Under these circumstances, it has been carried out that the calcium content is sprayed on the leaves of the plant and absorbed into the plant through the leaves. As a spraying agent therefor, for example, calcium chloride solution is known. , Chloride ion in calcium chloride is not necessary for plants, and it is not always suitable as a fertilizer for foliar application, because it sometimes causes leaves to die and inhibits photosynthetic function of leaves.

A fertilizer for foliar application containing calcium propionate as an active ingredient as a fertilizer capable of supplementing calcium without causing such phytotoxicity (JP-A-4-202).
No. 080) or a foliar spray for grapes containing calcium formate and a boron compound as active ingredients (JP-A-4-1340).
No. 07) is known.

[0006]

However, the calcium salts of carboxylic acids having a relatively small number of carbons as described in these publications are not sufficiently attached to and absorbed by plants, and are not efficient in use. It was not satisfactory.

[0007]

As a result of intensive studies to solve these problems, the present inventors have found that a calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and a total carbon number of 4 to 36 is selected. It was found that calcium is efficiently absorbed by plants by spraying on the leaf surface of the plants, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention has 1 to 1 carboxyl groups.
It is intended to provide a fertilizer for spraying plant foliage containing three calcium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having a total carbon number of 4 to 36 as an active ingredient.

The fertilizer for foliar application of the plant of the present invention may be in the form of a liquid (dispersion liquid) or a solid, and is usually used as an aqueous dispersion liquid or emulsion having a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight when used. Sprayed on the surface.

The carboxylic acid used in the present invention is a straight chain if it is an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and a total carbon number of 4 to 36, preferably 6 to 18, and more preferably 6 to 12. However, it may have a branched chain, and may be saturated or unsaturated. Specific examples include caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, dimer acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, and glucuronic acid. To be Further, examples thereof include fatty acids obtained by hydrolyzing coconut oil, beef tallow, castor oil, lard, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil and the like. The carbon number of the acyl group of the carboxylic acid according to the present invention is 3 to 3, respectively.
A range of 24 is preferred. Among these carboxylic acids, aliphatic carboxylic acids and monocarboxylic acids having one carboxyl group are particularly preferable, and medium-chain fatty acids having a total carbon number of 6 to 12 are most preferable.

A calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having 4 or more carboxyl groups or having a total carbon number of more than 36 is not preferable because of poor dispersibility. Further, the calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having a total carbon number of less than 4 or more than 36 has poor utilization efficiency of calcium.

The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition for plant leaf spraying, which comprises an aqueous dispersion or emulsion containing the fertilizer for plant leaf spraying of the present invention as described above and a surfactant. . Such a composition is an aqueous dispersion or emulsion of the calcium salt of carboxylic acid as described above.

The surfactant used in the fertilizer composition for foliar application of the present invention is preferably a nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant. As the nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyalkylene allyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sorbitol ester, Polyoxyalkylene sorbitan ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl glycerol ester, polyoxyalkylene block copolymer,
Polyoxyalkylene block copolymer alkyl glycerol ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfonamide, polyoxyalkylene rosin ester, polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkylphenol, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, alkyl glucoside , Sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, and a mixture of two or more of these.

Typical anionic surfactants can be obtained in an aqueous solution or a solid state, and examples thereof include lecithin, sodium allyl sulfate, sodium mono- and di-alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alpha. -Sodium olefin sulfonate, sodium alkane sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl aryl ether sulfate, polyoxyalkylene styryl phenyl ether sulfate, mono- and di- -Alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, formaldehyde condensates of alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates, olephinic sulfonates, mono and di Rutile phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and dialkyl phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and diphenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and dialkylphenyl ether phosphate, polycarboxylic acid salt, fatty acid salt, stearic acid and its salt, Oleic acid and its salts, N-methyl fatty acid taurides, linear or branched alkyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and its salts, linear or branched alkenyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and its salts, and two or more of these (Including sodium, potassium, ammonium and amine salts).

A chelating agent may be added to the fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention in order to further enhance the effect.

As the chelating agent which can be used in the present invention,
Aminopolycarboxylic acid chelating agents, aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid chelating agents, amino acid chelating agents, ether polycarboxylic acid chelating agents, phosphonic acid chelating agents (eg iminodimethylphosphonic acid (IDP), alkyldiphosphones) Acid (ADPA) or the like) or dimethylglyoxime (DG) or the like, which may be in the form of the acid as it is or in the form of a salt such as sodium, potassium or ammonium.

As the aminopolycarboxylic acid type chelating agent, a) RNX ₂ type compound b) NX ₃ type compound c) R-NX-CH ₂ CH ₂ -NX-R type compound d) R-NX-CH ₂ CH _2- NX ₂ type compounds and e) X ₂ N—R′-NX ₂ type and all compounds of this type containing 4 or more X can be used. In the above formula, X represents -CH ₂ COOH or -CH ₂ CH ₂ COOH, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a substituent representing a known chelate compound of this type, and R'is It represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group and a group representing a known chelate compound of this type. Typical examples of these are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA),
Iminodiacetic acid (IDA), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminodiacetic acid (HIMDA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (EDTA-OH) and glycol etherdiaminetetraacetic acid ( GEDTA) and salts thereof.

Aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid type chelating agents which can be used in the present invention are citric acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid or anthranilic acid and salts thereof. The amino acid-based chelating agents that can be used in the present invention include glycine, serine, alanine, lysine, cystine,
Examples include cysteine, ethionine, tyrosine or methionine and salts and derivatives thereof. Furthermore, examples of the ether polycarboxylic acid type chelating agent that can be used in the present invention include compounds represented by the following formulas, similar compounds thereof and salts thereof (especially Na salt).

[0019]

[Chemical 1]

Further, other nutrient components can be added to the fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention. For example,
Fats and oils, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, vitamins and the like can be blended, and the blending amount thereof is not limited.

The fertilizer composition for plant foliar application of the present invention is usually 0.001 to 10% by weight of the fertilizer for plant foliar application of the present invention, and a nonionic surfactant when a surfactant is used in combination. 0.01 to 20% by weight and anionic surfactant of 0.
It contains 01 to 20% by weight and the balance water, but the blending amount thereof can be changed as necessary. When a chelating agent is added, the chelating agent is 1 mol of a calcium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and having a total carbon number of 4 to 36 (the molar amount of plural carboxylic acids when used). For a total of 1 mol), 0.0
1 to 2.0 times mol, preferably 0.05 to 2.0 times mol, and more preferably 0.1 to 2.0 times mol.

The fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention is usually 50 to 1000 liters / 10 to 1000 m ²
The application amount can be changed as required.

The fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention has no chemical damage to plants and can be applied to various agricultural products. The plant to which the composition of the present invention can be applied is not limited, for example, tomato, eggplant, pepper, cucumber, watermelon, melon, pumpkin, strawberry and other fruit vegetables, apple,
Peach, pear, citrus, grapes and other fruit trees, cabbage,
Examples include lettuce, Chinese cabbage, canola, wheat, minor grains (buckwheat, sesame, millet, millet, etc.), potatoes, beans, grasses, and the like, and fruit vegetables and fruit trees are particularly preferable.

[0024]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 As the carboxylic acid calcium salt, calcium caprylate, calcium myristate, calcium stearate, calcium oleate and calcium dimerate were used, and the following ingredients were homomixed at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture. A dispersion was prepared to obtain a fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage. Compositions containing calcium oleate include EDTA equimolar to calcium oleate.
・ 2Na was used together, and the amount of water was reduced accordingly. -Carboxylic acid calcium salt (see Table 1) 2.00% by weight-Emanone 4110 10.00% by weight [polyoxyethylene (10 mol) oleic acid ester manufactured by Kao Corporation] -Emal 10p 5.00% by weight [ Kao Corporation sodium lauryl sulfate] -Water 83.0% by weight.

The obtained fertilizer composition for foliar spraying of plants was sprayed on the leaves of Italian ryegrass at a rate of 10 liters / 100 m ² , and allowed to stand for 30 days under the condition of 5 to 15 ° C., and then 10 g of the leaves were picked. And dry with hot air, and then wet-decompose it, and then determine the amount of calcium contained in this dry matter by ICP.
Quantitative analysis was performed by (inductively coupled plasma analysis). In addition,
As a comparative product, a composition using calcium propionate, CaCl ₂ instead of the above-mentioned calcium carboxylate,
A composition containing no calcium salt was prepared and the same test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0027]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the amount of calcium contained in the leaves of each of the products of the present invention is larger than that of the comparative product.

Example 2 As calcium carboxylic acid salt, tricalcium citrate, calcium gluconate, calcium malate and calcium succinate were used.
Homomixing was carried out at 000 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare a uniform dispersion liquid, to obtain a fertilizer composition for plant foliar application.・ Carboxylic acid calcium salt 4.00% by weight ・ Leodol TWO120 2.00% by weight [Kao Corporation
Polyoxyethylene (20 mol) sorbitan monooleate manufactured by NEOPEREX F-65 1.00% [sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate manufactured by Kao Corporation] Water 93.00% by weight A composition using calcium propionate and CaCl ₂ in place of the carboxylic acid calcium salt and a composition containing no calcium salt were prepared, and the same test as in Example 1 was conducted. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0030]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the amount of calcium contained in the leaves of each of the products of the present invention is larger than that of the comparative product.

Example 3 As the carboxylic acid calcium salt, calcium caprylate, calcium caproate, calcium laurate, calcium palmitate, calcium stearate and calcium oleate were used, and the following compounding ingredients were used.
Homomixing was performed at 0000 rpm for 10 minutes to prepare a uniform dispersion liquid, to obtain a fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage.・ Carboxylic acid calcium salt (see Table 3) 10.0% by weight ・ Emanone 4110 2.5% by weight
[Polyoxyethylene (10 mol) oleic acid ester manufactured by Kao Corporation] -Emal E-70C 2.5% by weight
[Polyoxyethylene (3 mol) sodium lauryl ether sulfate manufactured by Kao Corporation] -Water 85.0% by weight.

The obtained fertilizer composition for foliar application of plant was applied to 30
Dilute to 0 times and apply to apple (cultivar: Fuji) mature trees at the latter half of the period, ie, every month in August, September, October and November, 100 liters / 100 m ² (10 ares) of each composition. ) Was sprayed 4 times in total, apple fruits were harvested at an appropriate maturity stage, and the calcium concentration in the fruit juice was quantitatively analyzed by ICP (inductively coupled plasma analysis). As a comparative product, a 10% calcium propionate aqueous solution, 10% Ca was used instead of the fertilizer composition using the above-mentioned calcium carboxylate.
The same test was conducted using an aqueous Cl ₂ solution. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0034]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, the amount of calcium in the fruit juice of each of the products of the present invention was higher than that of the comparative product, and particularly, the calcium salt of the medium chain fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms was contained. It can be seen that the calcium absorbability is good when the composition described above is used.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A fertilizer for plant foliar application, which comprises a calcium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and a total carbon number of 4 to 36 as an active ingredient. 2. The fertilizer for plant foliar application according to claim 1, wherein the total carbon number of the carboxylic acid is 6-18. 3. The fertilizer for spraying leaf foliage of plants according to claim 1, wherein the total carbon number of the carboxylic acid is 6 to 12. 4. The carboxylic acid is one or two selected from caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid.
The fertilizer for plant foliar application according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a seed or more. 5. A fertilizer composition for plant foliar application, which comprises an aqueous dispersion or emulsion containing the fertilizer for plant foliar application according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a surfactant. 6. The surfactant is a nonionic surfactant and / or
Alternatively, the fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage according to claim 5, which is an anionic surfactant. 7. The leaf surface of a plant according to claim 6, wherein the nonionic surfactant is at least one selected from a polyol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyalkylene polyol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether and a polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester. Fertilizer composition for spraying. 8. The anionic surfactant is lecithin, a fatty acid salt, an alkylbenzene sulfonate, an alkyl sulfate salt, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate salt, a linear or branched alkyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and a salt thereof, and a direct surfactant. The fertilizer composition for plant foliar application according to claim 6, which is at least one selected from chain or branched alkenyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and salts thereof. 9. The fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage according to claim 1, further comprising a chelating agent.