JPH07232954A - Saline resistant concrete and desalinized sand - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a concrete formed body excellent in durability, etc., while effectively utilizing sea sand by applying a specified pretreatment to sea sand to form a coated sea sand increased in resistance to saline soln., mixing the coated sea sand with cement, a fibrous material, ballast, etc., and curing the mixture. CONSTITUTION:In the production of concrete formed body, the sea sand is mixed with a water soluble substance such as a synthetic resin having hydrating property, sodium alginate, seaweed certain protein, case in, gelatin, montan wax, chitosan, CMC and starch and dried. Then, the dried substance is treated with a polyvinyl low cyclized resin soln. to form a cured film on the surface of the sand, then the cement, triethanolamine, the fibrous material, the ballast, etc., are mixed to the result, and moreover, acetone, formalin, urotropin are mixed and allowed to react to form a low polyvinyl ketone, and urea, melamine, etc., are added at need. The resultant material is injected into a metallic mold or wood mold in which a reinforcing bar, steelwork, lightweight net shape treated previously with resin are combined and inserted, and then cured to obtain a concrete formed article.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention uses a large amount of sea sand for concrete molding because the sand in rivers in Japan has decreased and the demand for concrete in construction booms has increased. The salt contained in the sea sand erodes the reinforcing steel and the steel frame, causing a crack due to the volume expansion of the molten steel, which increases the durability of the concrecy.
It was developed with the aim of remedying the shortcomings of shortening it by more than zero years. That is, in order to remove salt deposits of sea sand, a large amount of water is required to be washed, and a device therefor is required, and in order to solve these, the present invention is a water solution containing a rust preventive agent in sodium alginate. When seawater sand is immersed in a liquid to dehydrate it, it is immersed in a low-cycling resin solution that is a mixture of benzaldehyde and other aldehydes or ketones in polyvinyl alcohol and dehydrated to make sun dried sea sand. The cyclized resin hardens the sodium alginate film on the surface of sea sand,
A hard film is formed, and a film having a high degree of cyclization is formed as it is left to stand. Next, since cement has an alkaline pH value of 12 or more, a mixture of acetone, formalin and ultrapin is used as a catalyst for the cement, and the sea sand with the film is gravel or plastic. Mix with waste fibers and add phenol, urea, melamine, polyethylene, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, aniline, and water as needed to react excess formalin water. Also, in the case of cold air, when adding a celasin calcium solution in which raw silk scraps are dissolved in calcium or a chitosan solution, there is an effect of preventing freezing. Such cement mixture is put in a mold or plastic mold, and if necessary, a reinforcing bar or steel frame whose surface is resin-processed is cured and then impregnated with sodium diphosphite solution is washed with water. The dried one has the characteristic that it can rise to 40 years or more compared to a concrete molded product that has conventionally been split in 20 years. Further, the one in which the above-mentioned film is formed on the surface of the reinforcing bar or steel frame coated with glass paper with synthetic rubber or latex,
The silicate ions eluted from the glass fiber have the effect of preventing the elution of iron ions. In particular, the one coated with the polyvinyl alcohol hydrated silicate solution gives good results. Shown here. Polyvinyl ketone forms a cyclized resin, exhibits adhesiveness with cementite sand and other contaminants, and exhibits a water resistance effect. In particular, it accelerates the catalytic effect and hardening in the strong alkaline such as cement, so that the water resistance becomes strong.
Also, when adding and mixing foamed steel or other foamed resin,
Although it dissolves in acetone and exhibits complex adhesion, it also prevents the formation of condensation products of polyvinyl ketone, so it is possible to prevent this dissolution by forming a pretreated film, but it becomes flammable when plastic is added. , Addition of 30% or more remains a problem. Further, in order to increase the concentration of aldebit in the acetone or formalin solution, a method in which ultrapine or paraaldehyde is added and excess aldehyde is present is suitable for general use. As this excess treatment, when a phenol liquid in which hydrophobic PET scraps or polyamide scraps are dissolved, a styrene monomer liquid polymerized using aluminum chloride as a catalyst, or a dispersion of polyethylene powder is used, phenol and formalin are removed. It is made into a resin, and urea, melamine, aniline, and polyvinyl alcohol are also condensed to form a resin, which enhances the binding force. However, when this resin is completely cured and condensed, the OH group and the condensate that are entrusted to Semenshi's original bond are separated. As a result of binding with the key of OH group, the inflow and outflow of water based on OH group is partially inhibited, resulting in the inhibition of corrosion of rebar and steel frame. Furthermore, the pretreated film-forming rebar and steel frame are corroded. As a result, the dissolution rate of iron ions is delayed. [Fig. 3] Also, the salt content in sea sand is formed into a film together with the salt content on the sand surface by the cyclized resin of polyvinyl alcohol, and this resin also has a resin surface with an OH group that requires cement bonding. It is necessary and for that reason, the low cyclization resin is more effective.
The concrete thus prepared was poured into a peelable mold or a plastic mold and left to harden, followed by hardening. Then, the concrete was taken out from the mold, washed with water, and dried.
% Sodium diphosphite to react with excess free calcium to effect calcium phosphate binding, not only white spots are lost but also aging is prevented. A solvent using phenol liquid may be used as a solvent for dissolving chitosan. Triethanolamine is added for adjusting the alkalinity, but addition of ultrapin has the same effect. Aluminized steel is used as the surface treatment for reinforcing bars and steel frames, but methyl fibrin and ethyl fibrin are used as inexpensive coating agents, but methyl fibrin is cheaper because it is dissolved in water. Since it hardens at 100 ° C, when a heated rebar or steel frame is dipped in the presence of cobalt or calcium ions, a hard film is easily formed, so the operation is easy. When coating with a vinyl cyclized resin liquid, the water resistance is enhanced and the OH groups remain, so that it is convenient because the bondability with concrete can be sufficiently achieved. Further, when a phenol resin, a urea melamine resin or an aniline resin is formed, shrinkage becomes severe when it is hardened by a condensation action, but when a polyvinylbenzaldehyde resin is added, elasticity is generated and therefore the shrinkage is small. Further, when a hardened concrete is dipped in a polyester resin emulsion containing sodium biphosphite water or a polyethylene vinyl acetate emulsion and dried, the flexural strength and compression strength are improved by 20% or more. or,
When anhydrous aluminum chloride is used as a catalyst in a styrene monomer, and the mixture is stirred and allowed to react with cooling, a low-condensation polystyrene having aluminum chloride added is produced. By adding industrial waste of polystyrene dissolved in toluene, xylene, or thinner in advance, a molten aluminum chloride styrene adhesive can be formed. When this is added to a polyvinylketone solution, it dissolves well in acetone, so that a strengthened bond is obtained. Also, as an inexpensive desalting agent, sea sand immersed in chloroacrylic acid chloride and dried may be used. Further, when latex is added, it is preferable to prevent abrupt shrinkage with aqueous ammonia or aqueous methanolamine.
It is also possible to dissolve acrylic rubber in acetone and add phenol to make a mixed resin in the cement with aldehyde. However, a mixture of phenol 66 and polyamide 66 heated and melted was dissolved in acetone and the aldehyde was added and condensed. Things undergo more complex condensations. When sand is mixed with cement, concrete containing 20 to 60% zirconium and hafnium sand with 10 to 20% has good condensation properties and strong earthquake resistance, and is suitable for bridges and basic concrete. . This makes the silicic acid condensation more hydrophobic and has less cracking. Thus, the present invention is that the salt content of the concrete sea sand cannot be demineralized water by simple washing, so reacting by mixing the resin raw material into the concrete to inhibit the mobility of water and It is possible to increase the crack resistance of concrete and the water resistance strength of concrete by preventing the metal corrosion of the above and also by forming a water resistant film on the rebar itself to stop the expansivity associated with the dissolution of iron ions. , The life of the concrete can be extended and the water resistance can be increased for more than 20 years, and more corrosion of the rebar is promoted especially for calcium chloride sprayed like snow removal in snowy regions. It has the effects of improving defects and improving the water resistance strength by 20%, and because the surface treatment of alkali diphosphite increases the tightness of concrete, Glauber's salt Not Bakariri weathered by generation of gypsum is suppressed, it is industrially useful invention since oxidation is improved to acidic rain resistance. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Fig. 1] shows a process diagram of concrete processing. In the figure, aluminum bars, calcium fluoride, and metal aluminum are placed in a basket (2) with reinforcing bars and steel frames suspended in rails (4) in a basket (2). The lowered basket (2) is hung up and down by the lift (5), immersed in the bath (1) (30 minutes), the aluminum iron alloy film formation is confirmed on the surface, the pulled surface is swept, and aluminized. To do. Next, the reinforced steel frame (A) heated and immersed in a water solution containing a hardening agent and a rust preventive agent in CMC or CMS water of sodium alginate water or methyl fiber raw water is immersed in a belt conveyor ( Drying oven (7) in 8)
And heat at 30 to 100 ° C. and blow to dry. Next, it is immersed in a polyvinyl alcohol aldehyde low-cyclization resin solution, pulled up in 5 to 10 minutes, placed in a drying chamber (10), dried and finished. In the case of methyl fiber base water, when the steel reinforcement is set to 70 to 100 ° C. and immersed in the methyl fiber base liquid, a film is formed by immersion for about 1 minute. In addition to this, the undercoat film is also applied to CMC and CMS,
Gelatin casein, celasin, and chitosan are also processed in the same manner. A hard coating is secondarily formed with a cyclized resin of polyvinyl alcohol. Next, a coated reinforced steel frame (A ') is incorporated and molded. And put it in the concrete formwork (11) beforehand,
Next, the mixed ready-mixed concrete (12) is mixed with this formwork (1
Inject into 1) by a rubber hose (9a ') by a pump (9a). The green concrete (12) is cemented by the belt conveyors (13a) (14a),
Salt-proof sand, gravel, waste concrete crushed stone, etc. are conveyed and introduced into the mixing mixer (12a), and the hopper (15a) (1
6a) (17a) (18a) was introduced and mixed with a low-cyclization resin water of polyvinyl alcohol aldehyde, and mixed from the bottom valve (11a) of the mixer.
2) is pressed into the mold (11) through the pump (9a). This formwork (11) is left for 2-3 days and the formwork (11)
Removed and hardened concrete (12b) was immersed in sodium hypophosphite solution or alkaline silicate water and pulled up,
It is put in a water tank (20), washed with water to finish, dehydrated and dried. [Fig. 2] shows a process diagram of the production of the present cyclized resin, in which water is introduced from a pipe (2c) into an autoclave (1c) and a polyvinyl alcohol polymerization degree of 500 is obtained from a hopper (3c).
20% of the resin is added to water, and the mixture is left to stir with a stirrer (4c). The autoclave is heated from the heater (5c) and melted at 70 to 90 ° C to form a mucus. The polyvinyl alcohol liquid dissolved in the autoclave (8c) was transferred from the outlet (6c) to the autoclave (8c) from the outlet (6c), cooled, stirred at 10 to 30 ° C, and charged with 10% aldehyde from the hopper (10c). Allow to react, stir for about 20 minutes, add other additives and
Stir for a minute to make a low cyclized resin solution. Autoclave (8
The mixed resin liquid obtained in c) is taken out from the outlet (11c) by the pump (12c), introduced into the hopper (15a) of FIG. 1, and introduced into the cement sand. The salt-containing sand was introduced into the mixer (13c) by the pump (14c), and what was stirred by the stirrer (15c) was accumulated in the dehydration drainer (16c),
The resin liquid (17c) separated by furnace is desalted by a desalination dialyzer (19c) by a pump (18c), returned to a hopper (20c) and reused as a water for dissolving this resin, and then an autoclave (2
1c) is introduced together with the resin. This autoclave (2
1) is the addition of sodium alginate and methyl fibrin, and water is added from the tap water pipe (22c), and the hopper (2
0c), add sodium arginate and methyl fiber additive, dissolve in autoclave (21c), introduce from pump (23) into autoclave (24c) and put into mixer (13c) to put sand and resin liquid. Put and stir to form a secondary hard film, dehydrate with a drainer (16c), and dry in the sun to make salt-proof sand. As a simple method, dissolve methyl fibrin etherification degree 2 in water, add cobalt solution, and add chitosan to make a dissolved resin solution. Add sea sand heated in the sun to the mixer (13c). ), Mix, dehydrate with a drainer (16c), and dry in the sun. When sea sand reaches 70 ° C, methyl fibrous water gels on the sand surface and hardens with a 1% solution of cobalt sulfate solution, which is a curing agent. , Make salt-proof sand, but this secondary treatment is not necessary when this low-cyclization resin is mixed with cement. The ideal method for this desalting is, for example, when sand such as deserts in Africa and the Middle East is used, liquid ammonia or sulfurous acid gas liquid compressed at a low temperature of −70 ° C. or less is placed in an autoclave in advance. Pickled salted sand,
Only the salt content is eluted into the liquid, the liquid is drained, the liquid is drained with a vacuum pump, the salt-containing gas liquid is extracted from the sand in another autoclave, and the liquid is drained with the pump in the same manner. It is sent to a freezer to be frozen and vaporized, and the gas emitted from heat exchange is cooled with water, condensed with a condenser, compressed with a compression pump, and reused as liquid gas for circulation and reuse for extraction. To do. In this method, a large amount of desalination is carried out, but since this desalination does not clog the heat exchanger, it is passed through the absorber and salting out is carried out. Saudi Arabia, which has a lot of deserts, collects liquefied natural gas, so when using this natural gas to condense ammonia, the cost is 10% easier. or,
If this salt-dissolved ammonia solution is sent to a high-pressure tank and electrolyzed to recover metallic sodium and chlorine, the cost will be further reduced and production will be rationalized. With this method, the location conditions in the big city of the desert region determine whether or not production is possible, and large cities are advantageous for transporting desalted sand. Recovery of sulfurous acid gas is also advantageous in the production of oil in the oil-producing area, and there is little pollution, but there is a drawback that equipment corrosion is greater than that of ammonia gas. However, the construction of this device is very expensive and we are confident that it will be realized in the future as a secondary treatment method. Also, in the reinforcing steel frame treatment, although reinforcing bars and steel frames wrapped in a nylon tube have already been used in part, there is a defect that they do not bond to concrete and their strength is reduced against earthquakes. It is common knowledge that in the present low-cyclization resin in which the group remains, the hydrogen bond enhances the adhesiveness. However, this cyclized resin having many OH groups is often soft because it often forms a cured film because it is soft. In addition, since cement strengthens excessive moisture that starts from hydrogen bonding, rather reduces the strength, the dehydration was strengthened with a polyvinyl ketone resin. And, the softening of the polyvinyl is reinforced with phenolurea melamine, aniline, and polyester resin, and when the raw concrete is processed into hardened concrete, the reticulated bond of zirconium chem hydroxide is calcium silicate or high alumina cement. While strengthening the earthquake resistance formed in the bond, the movement of water in the concrete is facilitated by the addition of resin, and after the dehydration is enhanced, it is closed, so by the surface treatment of the enhanced bisulfite The treatment of strong alkali with free calcium as calcium phosphate prevents spouting of concrete on the concrete surface and prevents disintegration by iron ions. The concrete road thus constructed is suitable for roads and bridges in the cold district because it prevents corrosion of reinforcing bars and steel frames even if sprinkling calcium chloride as a snow-melting agent in the winter and prevents fear of cracking. The concrete is completed. Since zirconium is expensive, it is added by about 10% of concrete cement, but if titanium hydroxide is also used together, it is effective in strengthening. An example of compounding this resin is as follows. Methyl fibrin is used by adding 0.05% cobalt sulfate solution to 5% water solution.
% Solution is prepared and hardened when immersed, so that it is not necessary to add cobalt. Nitroprusside and phosphate are added as the anticorrosive liquid, but when a reinforcing bar or steel frame with copper skin is used, it can be treated with rubber latex Ryukyu liquid. Example 1 Reinforcing bar adhesive resin paint base coat Sodium alginate 5% water 100 parts Treat the same base bar rebar base with [Example 2] [Example 2] [Polyvinyl alcohol 20 parts water 300 parts Heat at 80 ° C [Example 3] is added to the dissolved mucus at 10 to 30 ° C. [Example 3] Benzaldehyde 20 parts Formalin 0 to 10 parts Fluororesin powder 1 part Then, after stirring for about 20 minutes [Example 4] Urea, Melamine, phenol, aniline, and flutrapine 0-10 parts are added, dissolved and dispersed to prepare a hardening liquid, and a hardened film is formed as a paint on the reinforcing bar. [Example 5] Cement mixed resin cement 100 parts Coating sand 200 parts Plastic residual powder fluorinated resin 10 parts Fluorine resin 1 part Gravel 300 parts Vinylketone mixed resin liquid 15 parts Zirconium hydroxide or titanium hydroxide 10 parts Cement with the above mixture Is added and masticated with a mixer to prepare a green concrete paste, which is poured into a mold and hardened. Example 6 Membrane fibrin 5% water solution for coating sand 100 parts 70 ° C sea sand 300 parts [Example 7] Sodium alginate alginate 2% water solution for coating sand 100 parts 70 ° C sea sand 300 parts [Example 6] 7] is an undercoat paint for salt-proof treatment. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between iron ion concentration in concrete and time that occurs when immersed in salt water, (A ′)
Is conventional untreated reinforced concrete, (A) is aluminized concrete, (B) is reinforced concrete with aluminized film, (C) is cement vinyl ketone mixed resin cement, (E) is hydroxylated to (C). This is a concrete containing zirconia and treated with hypophosphorous acid. As can be seen from this characteristic, it is shown that the resin-containing material has less rebar melting. In particular, the compressive strength showed a 20% increase in (E). In this way, the characteristic of each invention is that it is difficult to collect land sand,
Since a lot of sea sand is used, when reinforced concrete using this corrodes iron due to the presence of salt to make iron salt,
If there is a defect that the concrete swells and cracks in the concrete, it is aluminized in the surface treatment of the reinforcing bar, and a film is made with sodium alginate or methyl fibrin Reinforcement coated with raw concrete mixed with vinyl ketone resin, urea melamine, phenol resin, polyester, PET resin, polyamide resin, rubber, etc., which is reinforced by applying a cyclization resin and a fluororesin with alcohol aldehyde. The concrete that has been hardened by adding zirconia hydroxide powder to it and post-treating it with biphosphite water gives strong concrete that does not exude fluff. No salt damage will occur. In addition, since there is no change in durability due to salt damage, it has the characteristic of increasing the cold resistance, which extends the service life by 20 years, compared to the one using current sea sand, and by using liquid gas for a large amount of desalination. It will improve agriculture and make effective use of the desert.

[Brief description of drawings] [Figure 1] Production process diagram of concrete moldings [Figure 2] Production process diagram of salt-proof sand [Figure 3] Characteristics of salt-proof waterproof concrete

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Claims (1)

[Claims] As described later, sea sand is mixed with a water-soluble substance such as a hydratable synthetic resin, sodium alginate, seaweed celasin protein, casein, gelatin, celasin, chitosan, CMC, and starch, and dried. The cured product is treated with a polyvinyl low-cyclization resin solution to form a cured film on the sand surface, which is mixed with cement and triethanolamine fiber chamber gravel, and further mixed with acetone, formalin and ultrapin. A low-polyvinylketone made by reacting, to which urea, melamine, phenol, and a surfactant are added as required, and a metal mold or wooden mold containing a combination of pre-resin-processed rebar, steel frame, lightweight mesh Concrete molded product poured into the inside and hardened, and salt-proof sand processed with polyvinyl resin Appendix Note Sea sand and plastic powder forming this film on this cement,
A non-combustible building material made by mixing fibers of vinyl ketone resin mixed with mineral glass fibers and powder of ceramic glass, ceramics, and calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and fibrous materials that have been previously dipped in a ceracin solution.