JPH07225579A - Electronic instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electronic instrument capable of pronouncing a natural musical sound related to the electronic instrument controlling the musical sound to be pronounced. CONSTITUTION:This instrument is provided with pronounciation information output means 1, 2, 3 outputting pronounciation information, an operation force detection means 5 detecting operation force IT of performance from the pronounciation information outputted by the pronounciation information output means 1, 2, 3, plural pronounciation channels generating musical sound signals, a pronounciation channel decision means 5 corresponding the pronounciation information outputted by the pronounciation information output means to one pronounciation channel CH among plural pronounciation channels, a musical sound specification signal generation means generating a musical sound specification signal changing at every pronounciation regardless of various size relation of the operation force IT according to partial information of the pronounciation channel CH decided by the pronounciation channel decision means 5 or the operation force IT detected by the operation force detection means 5 and a means changing the musical sound signal generated by the pronounciation channel according to the musical sound specification signal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument for controlling musical tones to be generated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Natural musical instruments change the musical tone generated in response to a touch. The volume of keyboard instruments changes according to the key pressing speed, and the volume of percussion instruments changes according to the tapping speed. Further, these natural musical instruments change not only the volume but also the rising characteristics and timbre of the sound according to the touch.

It is desired that electronic musical instruments also change musical tones in response to touch. Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-53837 proposes an electronic musical instrument in which musical tone waveforms of different tones are stored in a plurality of waveform memories and different waveforms are read out according to the key pressing speed.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a waveform memory for storing tone waveforms of different tones. The waveform memory is
For example, different tone color waveforms are stored corresponding to six sound volumes of ff, f, mf, mp, p, and pp. Electronic musical instruments
One of the timbre waveforms corresponding to the six volumes is determined according to the speed IT at which the player presses the key.

If the key pressing speed IT is low, a tone volume waveform having a low volume (pp) is selected, and if the key pressing speed IT is high, a tone volume waveform having a high volume (ff) is selected. By changing the tone color waveform according to the key pressing speed in this way, it is possible to generate a musical tone that changes according to the touch.
The read tone color waveform is then given an envelope and is sounded by the sound system.

A percussion instrument usually has one pitch and there are few performances in which it is overlaid with other notes, so that each note can be easily discerned. For example, even if a player strikes a percussion instrument with the same strength, it is usually pronounced with a slightly different sound. Even if a player strikes an electronic percussion instrument with the same strength, it often feels more natural to produce tones with slightly different tones than to produce exactly the same tone.

However, in the electronic musical instrument, if there are about 6 types of volume classification as described above, the same waveform is read from the waveform memory and sounded when the key pressing speed IT is almost the same. Unnaturalness may be noticeable.
Unnaturalness is particularly noticeable in percussion-type percussion instruments that have only a specific pitch.

[0008]

In the conventional electronic musical instrument,
When you strike a percussion instrument or press a keyboard instrument with almost the same touch, musical tones with exactly the same tone are produced, and the unnaturalness may be noticeable.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of producing a natural musical tone.

[0010]

An electronic musical instrument according to the present invention has a pronunciation information output means for outputting pronunciation information and an operation force detection for detecting an operation force (IT) of performance from the pronunciation information output by the pronunciation information output means. Means, a plurality of sound generation channels for generating a tone signal, and sound information output by the sound information output means for one sound generation channel (C
H) corresponding to the tone generation channel determining means and the tone generation channel (CH) determined by the tone generation channel determining means.
Alternatively, in accordance with a part of the information of the operating force (IT) detected by the operating force detecting means, a musical tone designation for generating a musical tone designating signal that changes for each pronunciation regardless of the magnitude relation of the operating force (IT). It has a signal generating means and a means for changing the tone signal generated in the tone generation channel according to the tone designating signal.

[0011]

[Function] A musical tone designating signal that changes for each pronunciation is generated from the pronunciation channel information or a part of the operation force (IT) information,
By changing the musical tone signals generated in the tone generation channels, different musical tone signals can be generated regardless of the magnitude relationship of the operating force (IT).

[0012]

1 is a block diagram showing the overall system configuration of an electronic musical instrument including a tone synthesis circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The keyboard 1 has a plurality of keys for playing, and when a key is pressed or released, a note-on signal, a note-off signal, pitch information, and a key-pressing speed (initial touch). ), Key performance information such as key operation information such as key pressing pressure (after touch) is output.

The drum pad 3 has one or more pads for hitting with a mallet or the like, and when the pads are hit, a performance signal such as a hitting force or a hitting position is output. M
The IDI input interface 2 receives a MIDI signal representing a similar performance signal such as a note-on signal or a note-off signal from an external device.

The tone color setting circuit 4 has a plurality of tone color switches for the player to select from preset tone colors. When the performer presses the tone color switch, the tone color setting circuit 4 supplies the tone color information TC corresponding to the pressed switch to the tone generation information detection circuit 5. The tone color information TC is set independently for each of the keyboard 1, the drum pad 3, and the MIDI input interface 2.

The tone generation information detection circuit 5 receives the tone color information TC from the tone color setting circuit 4, inputs the tone generation instruction information from the tone generation instruction means of the keyboard 1, the drum pad 3 and the MIDI input interface 2, and determines the key pressing speed or striking speed. The touch information IT indicating the force and the pitch information KC indicating the pitch of the pitch are detected. The pronunciation information detection circuit 5 also applies to the musical tone signal having the detected touch information IT and pitch information KC,
The number CH of the tone generation channel to be assigned is also determined. The tone color information TC, the touch information IT, the tone pitch information KC, and the tone generation information such as the tone generation channel number CH are supplied to the tone synthesis circuit 6.

Here, the tone generation information detection circuit 5 outputs the tone color information TC and the tone generation channel number CH asynchronously. Asynchronous means that when a plurality of sound generation channels are composed of time-division channels, sound generation information such as the tone color information TC is not always transmitted in synchronization with the time-division channels, but sound is generated from sound generation instruction means such as the keyboard 1. 1 when information is detected
Denotes sending only once.

The tone synthesis circuit 6 receives tone generation information such as tone color information TC, touch information IT, pitch information KC, etc., assigns to tone generation channels according to the received channel number CH, and synthesizes tone signals. I do. The generated tone signal is output to the effect circuit 7 as a time division channel signal EWD ^* corresponding to the tone generation channel number CH. Here, the signals marked with * indicate that they are time division multiplexed signals having time slots for each sound channel.

The effect circuit 7 time-divisionally applies an effect to the supplied musical sound signal EWD ^* , and outputs the musical sound signal FWD ^* to which the effect has been applied. The effect is, for example, reverb, pitch change, or distortion.

The sound system 8 has an accumulator, a D / A converter and a speaker. The accumulator is
From the time-divisional tone signal FWD ^* to which the effect has been applied, which is supplied from the effect circuit 7, the tone signals assigned to the plurality of tone generation channels are synthesized. The synthesized tone signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal in a D / A converter. The converted analog tone signal is sounded from the speaker.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the detailed construction of the musical tone synthesis circuit 6 which constitutes the electronic musical instrument of FIG. The interface 11 receives the tone color information TC, the touch information IT, the pitch information KC, the tone generation channel number CH, and the like supplied from the tone generation information detection circuit 5 of FIG. 1, and stores registers corresponding to the number of tone generation channels. Store in the corresponding one. The tone color information TC, touch information IT, pitch information KC, etc. stored in the register for each tone generation channel are converted into time division signals for each tone generation channel, and time division tone color information TC ^* , touch information IT ^* , tone information. The high information KC ^{* and the} like are generated and output to the envelope generation circuit 17.

The envelope generating circuit 17 generates an envelope ED ^* which determines the rising or attenuating shape of a musical tone according to the tone color information TC ^* , touch information IT ^* , pitch information KC ^*, etc. supplied. The envelope ED ^* is a signal for controlling the envelope of the musical sound of each tone generation channel.

The address generation circuit 12 has an interface
Time division pitch information KC received from 11 ^*Depending on the sound wave
The time-division read speed signals I and F from the memory 16
To live. The read speed is based on the timing of clock φ.
If the pitch information KC is high, the reading speed
Becomes faster, and the read speed is slower if the pitch information KC is low.
Become The read speed generated is smaller than the integer part information I.
It consists of several copies of information F.

The integer part information I is stored in the memory read control circuit 14
Information that is supplied to the tone waveform memory 16 and determines the reading speed from the tone waveform memory 16. The fractional part information F is information that is supplied to the interpolation circuit 15 and determines the speed at which the tone waveform value read by the memory read control circuit 14 is interpolated.

The even / odd determination circuit 13 receives the touch information IT ^* from the interface 11, a touch information IT in each sound channel ^* performs a determination whether even or odd, respectively. The touch information has a sufficient number of bits to represent the touch, and the odd and even thereof occur almost randomly.

The even / odd decision circuit 13 is arranged to generate a sounding channel.
Touch information IT^*Only the least significant bit of
Signal OE^*Is output to the memory read control circuit 14.
It The memory read control circuit 14 is connected to the interface 11.
Generated tone color information TC ^*, Touch information IT^*and
Pitch information KC^*In addition to even / odd information OE^*According to
Address information AD read from the tone waveform memory 16
^*To decide.

Even / odd information OE of each tone generation channel
Is a signal indicating an even number if 0, and is a signal indicating an odd number if 1. That is, if the least significant bit of the touch information IT is 0, an even signal is output, and if the least significant bit is 1, an odd signal is output.

The touch information IT has a resolution capable of generating a sufficiently fine envelope. Even if the performer plays with the same touch, touch information IT
It is almost impossible to make the least significant bit of the same value. Therefore, the even / odd information OE is apparently randomly determined.

The memory read control circuit 14 controls the tone color information TC.
^The basic tone waveform to be read from the tone waveform memory 16 is determined according to ^* , touch information IT ^* and pitch information KC ^* .

The tone waveform memory 16 has two waveform memories, an even waveform memory and an odd waveform memory, according to tone color information TC, touch information TC, and pitch information KC. The even-numbered waveform memory and the odd-numbered waveform memory have different tone color waveforms generated for the same pronunciation information.
Memorized tones that are slightly different from each other are stored. The even-numbered waveform memory address and the odd-numbered waveform memory address differ only in the most significant bit. By setting 1 or 0 to the most significant bit, either the even waveform memory or the odd waveform memory is selected.

The memory read control circuit 14 controls the tone color information TC.
^The address read from the tone waveform memory 16 is determined according to ^* , touch information IT ^* and pitch information KC ^*, and the most significant bit of the address is determined as 1 or 0 according to even / odd information OE ^* and the address is determined. Generate information AD ^* .

The memory read control circuit 14 reads the waveform memory value DATA ^* from the address AD ^* of the tone waveform memory 16. When the even / odd information OE is even, the waveform memory for even numbers in the tone waveform memory is read, and when the even / odd information OE is odd, the waveform memory for odd numbers in the tone waveform memory is read.

The memory read control circuit 14 supplies the interpolation circuit 15 with two values, the waveform value WD ^* of one phase and the waveform value NWD ^* of the next phase read from the tone waveform memory 16. The interpolation circuit 15 calculates the interpolation value IWD ^* between the waveform memory value WD ^* and the waveform memory value NWD ^* of the next phase ^.
To generate. The interpolation value IWD ^* is calculated by the address generation circuit 12
Waveform memory value WD ^* according to the speed F ^* generated in
And NWD ^* are generated by performing a linear interpolation. The generated interpolation value IWD ^* is supplied to the multiplication circuit 18.

The multiplication circuit 18 calculates the interpolated waveform value IWD.
^* And, by performing the multiplication of the envelope ED ^* generated by the envelope generator circuit 17, tone signal envelope is granted EWD ^* is generated. The generated musical tone signal EWD ^* is supplied to the effect circuit 7 of FIG. 1 and is given an effect.

When the MIDI input interface 2 of FIG. 1 receives a MIDI signal from an external device such as a sequencer, the touch information is often simplified. For example, if the performance is mf, the touch information IT is 63.
That is, the touch information is unified to a specific value. When the division of the touch information IT becomes coarse in this way, the even / odd information OE generated by the even / odd determination circuit 13 loses randomness.

[0036] Therefore, the even / odd determination circuit 13, instead of the touch information IT ^* to determine whether the even or odd, it is determined whether the sound channel number CH ^* is the the either even or odd Good. The number of sounding channels is usually 8, 16, 32, etc., and the channel designation is performed almost randomly. Therefore, even and odd channel numbers occur almost randomly.

When the tone generation channel number CH is used, the interface 11 of FIG. 2 receives the tone generation channel number CH and generates a time-division tone generation channel number signal CH ^*, and instead of the touch information IT ^* , the tone generation channel number CH ^. C
H ^* is supplied to the even / odd determination circuit 13. The even / odd determination circuit 13 determines whether each tone generation channel number CH is even or odd and generates even / odd information OE. The memory read control circuit 14 controls the even / odd information OE.
The waveform is read from either the even-numbered waveform memory or the odd-numbered waveform memory of the tone waveform memory 16 in accordance with the above.

When there are 32 sound channels, the sound information detecting circuit 5 of FIG. 1 detects the sound information from the keyboard 1, the drum pad 3 or the MIDI input interface 2, and then outputs the sound information from 0 to 31. One of the sounding channel numbers up to is determined. The tone generation channel number CH is timbre information TC, touch information I
Since it is determined irrespective of T and pitch information KC and changes with each pronunciation, even / odd determination circuit has evenness / randomness even when detecting pronunciation information from a device such as a sequencer.
Odd information OE can be output.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a tone waveform memory having an even-numbered waveform memory and an odd-numbered waveform memory. The waveform memory 20 has different tone color waveforms depending on, for example, the size of the touch information IT. The touch information IT corresponds to the key pressing speed of a keyboard instrument or the percussion speed of a percussion instrument, and the larger the touch information IT, the louder the musical sound is produced. The waveform memory 20 stores p information in ascending order of the touch information IT.
It has six types of tone color waveforms, p, p, mp, mf, f, and ff.

The six types of waveforms are even-numbered waves.
Shape 20A and odd waveform 20B. Waveform for even numbers
20A is pp_A, P_A, Mp_A, Mf_A, F_A, Ff
_AAnd the odd-numbered waveform 20B has a pp_B, P_B,
mp_B, Mf_B, F_B, Ff _BHas a waveform of.

The even waveform pp _A and the odd waveform pp _B are
Both of them correspond to the waveform memory of the touch information IT having the same pp, but the tone color waveforms are slightly different from each other, which is a difference to the extent that human beings feel that they are different musical tones. Similarly, for p, mp, mf, f, and ff, slightly different tone color waveforms are stored in the even-numbered waveform memory 20A and the odd-numbered waveform memory 20B, respectively.

When the touch information IT or the tone generation channel number CH is even, the touch information IT or the tone generation channel number CH is selected from the even waveform memory 20A.
Is an odd number, the waveform memory corresponding to the value of the touch information IT is read from the odd number waveform memory 20B.

There is no regularity whether the tone color waveform is read from the even-numbered waveform memory 20A or the odd-numbered waveform memory 20B according to the touch information IT or the tone generation channel number CH. Therefore, even if substantially the same musical tone data is supplied, a slightly different tone color waveform is read and a natural musical tone is produced.

The case where the waveform memory 20 is divided into the even-numbered waveform memory 20A and the odd-numbered waveform memory 20B has been described, but it may be divided into three or more. Further, the case where the even-numbered waveform memory 20A and the odd-numbered waveform memory 20B are used for all of the sound intensity symbols pp to ff has been described, but two memories are provided only for strong sounds that are likely to attract the attention of the performer. May be prepared or more than two memories may be used to make the variation more complex.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operation of the pronunciation information detection circuit 5 of FIG. The process starts from step S1, and initialization such as initialization of registers is performed.
In step S2, the tone color information TC of the musical tone to be generated is read from the tone color setting circuit. In step S3, the input data from the keyboard, drum pad, and MIDI input interface is scanned. If the input data includes pronunciation data, touch information IT indicating key pressing speed, striking speed, etc.
And pitch information KC indicating the pitch of the pitch is detected.

In step S4, it is checked whether or not the scanned input data includes pronunciation data.
If the tone generation data is included, one tone generation channel number CH is assigned from the tone generation channels that are not used in step R5. A tone generation channel is assigned by the latter arrival priority process. That is, when there is no vacant channel, the channel of the earliest sounding or the most attenuated sound is canceled and assigned to a new sound.
In step S6, the tone generation channel number CH, pitch information KC, touch information IT, and tone color information TC are sent to the tone synthesis circuit, and the flow proceeds to step S8.

When it is determined in step S4 that the scanned input data does not include the pronunciation data, the process proceeds to step S7, other pronunciation data processing is performed, and the process proceeds to step S8.

In step S8, after performing other necessary processing such as clearing various registers as necessary, the process returns to step S2 and the above processing is repeated. As mentioned above,
A musical tone can be subtly changed by using the assigned sounding channel number CH or random information such as the least significant bit of the touch information IT detected from the keyboard / drum pad / MIDI input interface. In this way, natural tone generation can be realized without separately preparing a circuit for generating random numbers and the like.

In the present embodiment, the waveform to be read is changed by using the tone color information TC, the touch information IT, and the pitch information KC, and a tone color waveform which is subtly different according to the even / odd number information OE determined for each key depression. Since it is read out, particularly in an electronic musical instrument such as a percussion sound that has only a specific pitch and is rarely oversound, a natural sounding effect is great.

In FIG. 2, the memory read control circuit 1
4 is address information AD ^* for reading the waveform memory
However, the waveform to be read may be determined at a higher stage. For example, since the touch information IT and the tone generation channel number CH are determined in the tone generation information detection circuit 5 in FIG. 1, the waveform read out by the tone generation information detection circuit 5 may be determined. In this case, the determination of the waveform can be realized by setting the tone color information to a predetermined value. For example, in the predetermined touch information IT, the tone color information of the even-numbered waveform memory is set as TC120, and the tone color information of the odd-numbered waveform memory is set as TC121.
When is detected, TC is judged by judging whether it is an even number or an odd number.
Either 120 or TC121 is determined as the tone color information. By determining the tone color information in this way, there is an advantage that the conventional tone synthesis circuit can be used as it is.

The present invention is not limited to the sound source of the waveform memory system, but can be applied to various other sound source systems. Also in the case of the waveform memory method, the tone signal formation is not limited to the above example. For example, interpolation other than linear interpolation can be used.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to these. For example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, improvements, combinations, and the like can be made.

[0053]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Even if a performance operation that is almost unchanged and almost the same sounding instruction signal is detected, the operation force (I
It is possible to generate different musical tone signals regardless of the magnitude relationship of T). The same musical tone signal is not continuously generated, and a natural musical tone signal is generated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall system configuration of an electronic musical instrument including a tone synthesis circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a musical tone synthesis circuit that constitutes the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a musical tone waveform memory having an even-numbered waveform memory and an odd-numbered waveform memory.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a conventional waveform memory.

5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the pronunciation information detection circuit of FIG. 1. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 keyboard, 2 MIDI input interface,
3 drum pads, 4 tone color setting circuits, 5 pronunciation information detection circuits, 6 tone synthesis circuits, 7 effect circuits, 8 sound systems, 11 interfaces, 12 address generation circuits, 13 even / odd judgment circuits, 14 memory read control circuits, 15
Interpolation circuit, 16 tone waveform memory, 17 envelope generation circuit, 18 multiplication circuit, 20 waveform memory, 20A even number waveform memory, 20B
Waveform memory for odd numbers, TC tone color information, IT touch information, KC pitch information, CH sounding channel number

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pronunciation information output means (1, 2, 3) for outputting pronunciation information, and an operation force detection means (5) for detecting an operation force (IT) of performance from the pronunciation information output by the pronunciation information output means. ), A plurality of sound generation channels for generating tone signals, and sound generation channel determination means (5) for making the sound generation information output by the sound generation information output means correspond to one sound generation channel (CH) of the plurality of sound generation channels. And the operating force (IT) in accordance with a part of information of the sounding channel (CH) determined by the sounding channel determining means or the operating force (IT) detected by the operating force detecting means.
Musical tone designating signal generating means (13) for generating a musical tone designating signal that changes for each pronunciation, and means (14) for varying the musical tone signal generated in the sounding channel according to the musical tone designating signal. , 16) and an electronic musical instrument. 2. A waveform memory (16), wherein the changing means (14, 16) has a plurality of musical tone waveform banks each storing a plurality of musical tone waveforms, and the waveform memory according to the operating force (IT). One musical tone waveform bank is designated from among the plurality of musical tone waveform banks stored in the memory, and one of the designated musical tone waveform banks is generated according to the musical tone designation signal generated by the musical tone designation signal generating means. 2. An electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a musical tone waveform reading means (14) for designating and reading one musical tone waveform.