JPH07224792A - Vane-movable mechanism in fluid machinery with movable vanes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a vane movable mechanism in fluid machinery with movable vanes like a pump, a water wheel, or a fan and reduce its initial cost. CONSTITUTION:Respective blade shafts 3 of four impellers 4 are fitted in four recesses 6 for the blade shafts formed at the external face side of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss 2 fixed on the main shaft 1 so as to be rotatable around the shaft. One of fixing parts 7 of blade shafts composed of four fixing screw bars is provided at the eccentric position of the axial end face of respective blade shafts 3 and inserted in four arc-form long holes 8 piercing the bottom of the recesses 6 for fitting the blade shaft. In this way, recesses 9 for fitting washers, where the arc-form long holes 9 are opened, are formed at the internal face side of the peripheral wall. Washers 10 are detachably fitted in the recesses 9 for fitting washers. One of fixing parts 7 of blade shafts is protruded from the opening 10A formed in the washers. And the other 11 of fixing parts of blade shaft composed of a fixing nut for blade shaft is detachably fastened at the protruded part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blade moving mechanism in a movable blade fluid device such as a pump, a water turbine or a blower having a movable blade.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an impeller boss 2 fixed to a main shaft 1 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is provided with a plurality of blade shafts 3, 3 ... , 3 ……
A plurality of (for example, four) impeller blades 4, 4, ... Are attached so as to be rotatable around the axis of the impeller, and a vane moving mechanism (not shown) is provided inside the main shaft 1 and the impeller boss 2 to provide an impeller. Movable so as to hold the impeller blades 4, 4 ... at a desired mounting angle by rotating the blades 4, 4 ... To the open side indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow or to the closed side indicated by the two-dot chain line arrow. Pumps with vanes are well known.

However, the conventional blade moving mechanism has a drawback that the structure is extremely complicated and the initial cost is high. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a blade moving mechanism having a simple structure and a low initial cost.

[0004]

The problem to be solved is that the structure is extremely complicated and the initial cost is high.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a plurality of impeller blades are attached to an impeller boss fixed to a main shaft so as to be rotatable together with the impeller shafts through the plural impeller shafts. In the movable blade fluid device, a plurality of blade shaft fitting recesses that are formed on the outer surface side of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss and that rotatably fit the blade shaft around the shaft, and an axial direction of the blade shaft. At least one blade shaft fixing portion provided at an eccentric position on the end face, and the eccentric amount of the one blade shaft fixing portion is set to a radius of curvature, and the blade shaft fitting is performed corresponding to the one blade shaft fixing portion. An arc-shaped elongated hole formed through the bottom of the fitting recess, a washer fitting recess formed in the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss, and the arc-shaped elongated hole is open, and this washer fitting A washer removably fitted in the recess, and the washer is inserted through the arc-shaped elongated hole. Is formed so as to communicate with the wing shaft fixing portion of the wing shaft, and the other wing shaft fixing portion can be detachably fastened to the one wing shaft fixing portion via the through hole and the arc-shaped long hole. It has been achieved that the objective is to reduce the initial cost by simplifying the structure.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the rotation of the main shaft causes the impeller boss and the plurality of impeller blades to rotate simultaneously. Then, selecting the position of one of the blade shaft fixing parts with respect to the arc-shaped long hole and identifying and using the washer having the through hole communicating with the one blade shaft fixing part at the selected position. And the other blade shaft fixing portion is detachably fastened to the one blade shaft fixing portion through the through hole and the circular arc-shaped long hole, whereby the mounting angle of the impeller blade to the impeller boss is circular. It can be arbitrarily set within the range of the long hole length. That is, the position of one of the blade shaft fixing parts is selected at the center of the arc-shaped long hole, and the washer having the through hole communicating with the one blade shaft fixing part at this position, that is, the through hole is formed at the center part. After identifying the washer that has been installed and fitting the washer into the washer fitting recess, the other blade shaft fixing part can be attached to and detached from the one blade shaft fixing part through the through hole and the arc-shaped long hole. By fastening the blades to the blade wheel, it is possible to set the attachment angle of the impeller blade to the impeller boss to a neutral value. On the other hand, in the above-mentioned state in which the mounting angle of the impeller blade with respect to the impeller boss is set to a neutral value, the other blade shaft fixing part is removed, then the washer is taken out from the washer fitting recessed part, and then the impeller boss is removed. Rotate the impeller blade around the axis of the blade clockwise to reduce the angle of attachment of the impeller blade to the blade, and displace one blade shaft fixing part in the arc-shaped long hole. The washer having a through hole communicating with one of the blade shaft fixing portions at the specified position, that is, the washer having the through hole formed at the eccentric position, is fitted into the washer fitting recess, and then By removably fastening the other blade shaft fixing portion to the one blade shaft fixing portion through the hole and the arc-shaped elongated hole, the attachment angle of the impeller blade with respect to the impeller boss can be set to the displacement amount and Small according to the amount of eccentricity of the through hole corresponding to this amount of displacement It can be set to. On the other hand, in the above-mentioned state where the neutral position is set, the nut for fixing the blade shaft is removed, then the washer is taken out from the washer fitting recessed portion, and subsequently, the counterclockwise for increasing the mounting angle of the impeller blade to the impeller boss. Around it, the impeller blade was rotated around the axis of the blade axis to displace one of the blade axis fixing parts in the arc-shaped long hole, and then to the one blade axis fixing part at this displaced position. A washer having a through hole communicating therewith, that is, a washer having a through hole formed at an eccentric position is specified, and the washer is fitted into the washer fitting recess, and then the through hole and the arc-shaped elongated hole are used. By removably fastening the other blade shaft fixing portion to the one blade shaft fixing portion, the mounting angle of the impeller blade with respect to the impeller boss is set to the displacement amount and the eccentric amount of the through hole corresponding to this displacement amount. It can be set to a large value according to.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a part of an axial flow pump to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. It should be noted that the same or corresponding portions as those of the conventional example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the impeller boss 2 fixed to the tip portion of the main shaft 1, four flanged blade shafts 3, 3 extending in the radial direction of the main shaft 1 are provided (however, in FIG. Via the blade shafts 3, 3 only) and the four blade wheel blades 4, 4 .. (Only one impeller blade 4, 4 is shown) is attached, and the tip opening of the impeller boss 2 is normally closed by a detachably attached cover 5.

Four blade shaft fitting recesses 6, 6 ... (However, only two blade shaft fitting recesses 6, 6 are shown in FIG. 1) are formed on the outer surface side of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss 2. The four flange-shaped blade shafts 3, 3 ...
... are rotatably fitted around the axis. The four blade axes 3, 3 ... At the eccentric positions of the axial end faces of each,
One wing shaft fixing part 7 consisting of four fixing screw rods,
7 ... are projected along the axis C of each blade shaft 3. That is, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ...
On a concentric circle having a radius of curvature corresponding to the eccentricity amount R from, the protrusions are provided along the axis C of the blade shaft at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, four circles having a width W that allows the eccentricity R to have a radius of curvature by penetrating through the bottoms of the blade shaft fitting recesses 6, 6 ,. The arc-shaped long holes 8, 8 ... Are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the circular washer fitting recesses 9, 9 ... Are opened by all of these four arc-shaped long holes 8, 8 ,. It is formed on the inner surface side of the peripheral wall of the car boss 2 (however, in FIG. 1, only four washer fitting recesses 9, 9 are shown).

A washer 10 is fitted in each of these washer fitting recesses 9, 9 ... And a through hole 10A is formed through the washer 10. Therefore, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 for the arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8 ...
.., selecting and using the washer 10 in which the through hole 10A communicating with the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 located at the selected position is specified, and the through hole 10A And the other blade shaft fixing portion 11, which is a blade shaft fixing nut, is screw-fastened to the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ... Through the arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8. The mounting angle of the impeller blades 4, 4 with respect to the boss 2 can be arbitrarily set within the range of the length of the arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the washer 10 has a through hole 10A formed at the center thereof. The outer diameter of the washer 10 is set to a size that can be fitted in the washer fitting recess 9, and the wall thickness is set to be approximately the same as the depth of the washer fitting recess 9. Therefore, when the blade shaft 3 is fitted in the blade shaft fitting recess 6 and one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ... Is inserted into the arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8 ...
0A is inserted into one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ... And the washer 10 is fitted into the washer fitting recessed portion 9, one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ... Located in the center of 8 ……. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 protruding from the through hole 10A is screw-fastened to the other blade shaft fixing portion 11 as shown in FIGS. , The installation angles of the impeller blades 4, 4 can be set to the neutral value θ. In other words, the 16 washers 10 having the through hole 10A formed in the center are specified, and the washer 10 is inserted into the four washer fittings while the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ... Is inserted into the through hole 10A. It is fitted in the recesses 9, 9 ...
By screwing the other blade shaft fixing portion 11 to the tip portion of the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ...
The installation angle of the impeller blades 4, 4, ... With respect to the impeller boss 2 can be set to a neutral value θ. In the figure, 12 is a pump casing and 13 is a suction cover.

With such a structure, the main shaft 1 is rotated by activating a motor (not shown), and the impeller boss 2 is rotated.
It is possible to obtain the operating state of the pump in which the four impeller blades 4, 4, ... Simultaneously rotate. As a result, a pumping operation is started in which water is sucked from the suction cover 13 and is caused to flow into the pump casing 12, as indicated by an arrow W.
In this case, the four impeller blades 4, 4, ... Are subjected to a combined load such as twisting due to fluid force and centrifugal force due to rotation. However, the four impeller blades 4, 4 ... Four one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 protruding from each blade shaft 3 ...
... is fastened to the washer 10 by the other blade shaft fixing portion 11 in a state where the through hole 10A of the washer 10 is inserted, and the four washer 10 corresponding to each impeller blade 4, 4, ...
Since they are fitted in the two washer fitting recesses 9, 9 ..., The attachment angle θ of the impeller blades 4, 4 ... With respect to the impeller boss 2 does not fluctuate. That is, even if loads such as a twist due to a fluid force and a centrifugal force due to rotation act on the impeller blades 4, 4, ... By the operation of the pump, the impeller blades 4, 4, ... The mounting angle θ of ... does not change.

Impeller blades 4, 4 for the impeller boss 2 ...
When changing the mounting angle of the pump to change the performance of the pump, first, the main shaft 1, the impeller boss 2, and the main shaft 1 are stopped by stopping the prime mover or turning off the clutch interposed between the prime mover and the main shaft 1. Stop the rotation of the four impeller blades 4, 4 ... Then, the other four blade shaft fixing portions 11 corresponding to the respective impeller blades 4, 4 ... Are removed from the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ,. Remove from 9, 9 ... Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the impeller blades 4, 4, ... Are rotated clockwise about the axis of the blade shaft 3 to reduce the mounting angle of the impeller blades 4, 4 ,. Then, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7
.. are displaced (displacement amount = L) in the four arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8. On the other hand, the washer 10 having the through hole 10A into which the one blade shaft fixing portion 7, 7 ... At the displaced position is inserted, that is, the one blade shaft fixing portion 7,7.
The washer 10 of FIG. 6 in which the through hole 10A is formed at an eccentric position corresponding to the displacement amount L of is specified, and one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ... Is inserted into the through hole 10A, Washer 10
After being fitted into the washer fitting recess 9, at this time, the through hole 10A
One of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 protruding from the other end is screwed and fastened to each of the other blade shaft fixing portions 11, so that the impeller for the impeller boss 2 is screwed as shown in FIG. The mounting angles of the wings 4, 4 ...
Can be set to a small value θ1 according to the displacement amount L and the eccentric amount of the through hole 10A corresponding to this displacement amount L.

On the other hand, as described above, the pump is stopped, all the washers 10 are pulled out from the washer fitting recesses 9, 9, ... And then, as shown in FIG. , 4 ... are rotated counterclockwise to increase the mounting angle of the blades 4, 4 ... around the axis of the blade shaft 3, and one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7. Arc-shaped long holes 8,8
...... Displace inside (displacement amount = L). Displacement amount L at this time
Is equal to the above-mentioned displacement amount L (see FIG. 5), the washer 10 of FIG. 6 is specified, and one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ... After being fitted into the washer fitting recessed portion 9, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ...
By screwing and fastening the other blade shaft fixing portion 11, FIG.
, The impeller blades 4, 4 ...
The mounting angle of ... Can be set to a large value θ2 according to the displacement amount L of the fixing screw rods 7, 7 ... And the eccentric amount of the through hole 10A corresponding to this displacement amount L.

As described above, by varying the mounting angle of the impeller blades 4, 4, ... With respect to the impeller boss 2, it is possible to start the operation of the pump with the pump performance that changes according to the variation of the mounting angle. When the operation of the pump is started, a load such as a twist due to a fluid force or a centrifugal force due to the rotation acts on the four impeller blades 4, 4, ... Having a varying mounting angle. However, because the mounting angles of the impeller blades 4, 4, ... Are maintained without changing for the above-mentioned reason, the pump operation can be continued due to the pump performance that changes in accordance with the changing mounting angle. Moreover, these actions can be realized with a simple structure as compared with the conventional blade moving mechanism, so that the initial cost can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7 is constituted by a fixing screw rod protruding along the axis C of the blade shaft 3, and the blade is screwed and fastened to this fixing screw rod. Although the other blade shaft fixing portion 11 is constituted by the shaft fixing nut for explanation, as shown in FIG. 10, one blade shaft fixing portion is formed by the female screw hole provided along the axis C of the blade shaft 3. 7, and the other blade shaft fixing portion 11 may be formed by the blade shaft fixing bolt screwed and fastened to the female screw hole. Four blade-axis fixing portions 7, 7, ... Are provided for each blade shaft 3, and four arc-shaped elongated holes 8, 8 corresponding to the one blade-axis fixing portion 7, 7 ,. .. is described, but the number of one blade axis fixing portion 7 and the number of arc-shaped elongated holes 8 with respect to each blade axis 3 are limited to those in the above embodiment. Instead, you need at least one.

Further, a washer 10 having a through hole 10A formed at an eccentric position corresponding to the displacement amount L of one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 is specified and used, and the impeller for the impeller boss 2 is used. The installation angle of the blades 4, 4, ... Is a small value θ1 depending on the displacement L and the eccentricity of the through hole 10A corresponding to this displacement.
, And the large value θ2 is set, the displacement amount of one of the blade shaft fixing portions 7, 7 ... Is arbitrarily changed within the range of L, and the changed displacement amount is set. By specifying and using the washer 10 in which the through hole 10A is formed at the eccentric position corresponding to, the mounting angle of the impeller blades 4, 4, ...
It is set to an arbitrary value closer to the above-mentioned θ than 1 (an arbitrary value where the mounting angle is larger than θ1 and smaller than θ), or an arbitrary value closer to the θ than θ2 (the mounting angle is θ2
Can be set to any value smaller than and larger than θ.

Further, although an axial flow pump having four impeller blades 4, 4, ... Has been described, the present invention can be applied to an axial flow pump having an arbitrary number of impeller blades 4. Further, the present invention is not limited to the axial flow pump described in the embodiment, and can be applied not only to a mixed flow pump but also to a blade moving mechanism in a movable blade fluid device such as a water turbine or a blower.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the position of the fixing screw rod in the arc-shaped elongated hole is selected, and the fixing screw rod capable of positioning the fixing screw rod at the selected position. To specify and use a washer with an insertion hole,
With the fixing screw rod inserted in the fixing screw rod insertion hole,
After fitting the washer into the washer fitting recess, at this time, the blade shaft fixing nut is screwed and fastened to the tip end of the fixing screw rod protruding from the fixing screw rod insertion hole.
Since the mounting angle of the impeller blade to the impeller boss can be arbitrarily set within the range of the length of the arc-shaped elongated hole, these actions can be realized by a simple structure compared with the conventional blade moving mechanism. , It is possible to reduce the initial cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a part of an axial flow pump to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing an example of a washer.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the displacement of the fixing screw rod when the installation angle of the impeller blade is set to the minimum.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view showing another example of the washer.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the mounting angle of the impeller blades is set to the minimum.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the displacement of the fixing screw rod when the installation angle of the impeller blade is set to the maximum.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the mounting angle of the impeller blades is set to the maximum.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of one blade shaft fixing portion and the other blade shaft fixing portion.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing an example of a movable wing.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of FIG. 11.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 main shaft 2 impeller boss 3 blade shaft 4 impeller blade 6 blade shaft fitting concave portion 7 fixing screw rod (one blade shaft fixing portion) 8 arc-shaped long hole 10 washer fitting concave portion 10A fixing screw rod insertion hole (Through hole) 11 Blade fixing nut (other blade fixing part) C Blade axis R R Eccentricity of fixing screw rod

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A movable blade fluid device in which a plurality of impeller blades are attached to an impeller boss fixed to a main shaft via the plurality of impeller shafts so as to be rotatable around the impeller shafts. A plurality of blade shaft fitting recesses that are formed on the outer surface side of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss and that rotatably fit the blade shaft around the shaft, and are provided at eccentric positions on the axial end surface of the blade shaft. At least one blade shaft fixing portion and an eccentric amount of the one blade shaft fixing portion are set to have a radius of curvature, and the bottom portion of the blade shaft fitting concave portion is penetrated corresponding to the one blade shaft fixing portion. The formed arc-shaped long hole, a washer fitting recess formed on the inner surface side of the peripheral wall of the impeller boss, and the arc-shaped long hole opens, and the washer fitting recess is detachably fitted. A washer, which is connected to the one blade shaft fixing portion through the arc-shaped long hole. A hole is formed, and the other blade shaft fixing portion is configured to be detachably fastened to the one blade shaft fixing portion through the through hole and the arc-shaped elongated hole. Wing movable mechanism in wing fluid equipment.