GB2100810A - Unidirectional turbine - Google Patents

Unidirectional turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2100810A
GB2100810A GB08216727A GB8216727A GB2100810A GB 2100810 A GB2100810 A GB 2100810A GB 08216727 A GB08216727 A GB 08216727A GB 8216727 A GB8216727 A GB 8216727A GB 2100810 A GB2100810 A GB 2100810A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
blades
turbine
axis
blade
turbine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08216727A
Inventor
Hector Mckinnon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sea Energy Associates Ltd
Original Assignee
Sea Energy Associates Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sea Energy Associates Ltd filed Critical Sea Energy Associates Ltd
Priority to GB08216727A priority Critical patent/GB2100810A/en
Publication of GB2100810A publication Critical patent/GB2100810A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D7/00—Rotors with blades adjustable in operation; Control thereof
    • F01D7/02—Rotors with blades adjustable in operation; Control thereof having adjustment responsive to speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/24—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/301—Cross-sectional characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. by "servos"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The turbine has radial blades 22 symmetrical in section about an axis 30 circumferential with respect to the axis of rotation of the turbine and each blade is freely mounted for swivelling about a radial axis co-incident with the blade leading edge 28. The blades thus vary between the limiting positions A or B at starting, and moving under centrifugal force to the full line position with increasing speed. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Uni-directional turbine This invention relates to what are known as uni-directional turbines, which comprise turbines which drive in one direction regardless of the direction of the pressure drop across the turbine blades. These turbines are useful for providing power output in circumstances where the driving fluid passes across the turbine blades in one direction, and then in the opposite direction in a cyclic manner, and where it is desired that the output from the turbine should be uni-directional shaft energy.
A known form of turbine of this kind is known as the "Wells" turbine, which comprises a turbine shaft from which extend a plurality of turbine blades, each being fixed to the shaft, and each being of symmetrical aerofoil section in a direction looking radially of each blade and towards the shaft axis. The aerofoil section is thickest nearer one edge of the blade (the leading edge), and tapers to nothing at the opposite edge (the trailing edge).
A turbine of this nature works well once it has reached operational speed, but between zero speed and the operational speed the turbine has a relatively "dead" region in which there is no net resultant force applying torque to the turbine blades. This can be explained by considering that when a flow of air is passed over the turbine blades in a direction axially of the turbine shaft, at zero rotation, the angle of incidence of the flow of air on the blades is 900. A net forward thrust is achieved by virtue of the aerofoil section of the blade, and the blades commence rotation.
However, as the blades commence rotation, the net angle of incidence reduces, which causes a reduction in the net thrust causing rotation of the blades, and in fact if the graph were continued, the thrust would reach a zero level. However, when the net thrust equals the friction losses of the turbine, a position is reached when the turbine will not increase its speed regardless of increase in airflow across the blades. At much lower angles of incidence however, the turbine speed increases as the drag from the blades is much reduced, and the turbine can be driven by the airflow passing across the blades.
Because of the above, it is usual initially to drive the Wells turbine up to speed with a separate prime mover, and then to drive the turbine by means of the flow of fluid across the blades.
The present invention seeks to provide a unidirectional turbine which has improved response characteristics as compared to the Wells turbine, and in accordance with the invention the unidirectional turbine has two or more blades, each of which is freely swingable about a radial axis at or towards the leading edge of the blade, and so that in the start up position the blades will be angularly disposed relative to the shaft axis to give an angle of incidence of the blades relative to the airflow of less than 900, the blades being arranged so that at higher speeds, they can take up an angle of incidence approaching zero.
The blades will, as can be appreciated swing automatically into the desired position, and it is preferred that they can swing to each side of a medial position in which the blade leading and trailing edges lie in a plane which is at right angles to the axis of the turbine shaft.
There may be means for locking the turbine blades in any adjusted position within limits, in order to test or run the equipment in fixed blade position.
The turbine blades preferably are symmetrical in cross section about a line extending from leading edge to trailing edge.
Any suitable bearing mounting arrangement may be provided for the swivel support of the blades.
Preferably there are four of said blades arranged at 900 displaced angular positions, and the pivot axes preferably extend along the leading edges of the blades.
The centres of mass of the blades are preferably displaced from the pivot axes so that the centrifugal coupie will tend to return the blades to the medial position as the turbine rotates.
A turbine of the nature described, is extremely suitable for use in connection wave energy conversion apparatus of the type described in our British patent application No. 06572/79.
One specific embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 shows a turbine according to the invention, and looking along the axis of the turbine shaft; Fig. 2 is a side view of the turbine rotor shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the turbine rotor taken on the line Ill-Ill in Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation taken on the line IV--IV of Fig. 4.
Referring to the drawings, in Fig. 1 there is shown a turbine comprising a cylindrical casing 10, in which is contained a rotor 12 having its axis indicated by numeral 14. The rotor comprises a bush 1 6 from which project four rotor blades 1 8, 20, 22 and 24. The rotor blades 18 to 24 are identical, and are identically mounted on the bush 16, and therefore only one blade, blade 22, and its mounting will be described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, the blade 22 is carried by plug 26 which is rotatably about an axis 28 which is radial with respect to the bush 1 6 and intersects axis 14 at a right angle. The axis 28 is also coincident with the leading edge of the blade 22, which has an aerofoil section as shown in Fig. 2 which is symmetrical about the axis 30, such axis 30 extending between the leading and trailing edges of the aerofoil section and being in a plane which is at right angles to the axis 1 4. The aerofoil section has its thickest cross sectional dimension nearer the leading edge (axis 28) than the trailing edge 32. The plug 26 and its mounting are shown in greater detail in Figs. 3 and 4, and the plug will be seen to comprise a flange portion 34 and a shaft portion 36.The blade 22 is formed integrally with the flange portion 34, and the shaft portion 36 is mounted for free pivotal movement in the bush 16 by means of a needle bearing 38. The flange 40 on the end of shaft portion 36 provides a mounting for a thrust race 42 of the thrust bearing 44, which bearing 44 takes the thrust which will be generated by the centrifugal force of the blade 22 exerted during the rotation of the rotor 12.
As shown in Fig. 3, a stop pin 46 is carried by the bush 1 6 and projects into a slot 48 in the inside surface of the flange portion 34, whereby the degree to which the blade 22 can swivel freely about axis 28 is limited.
Additionally, an elongated and curved aperture 48' in the flange portion 34 receives a locking screw 50, which screws into threaded bore 52 in the bush 16. The screw 50 can be tightened to lock the blade 22 in any adjusted position within the limits of its swivel movement, for example for the purposes of testing.
Although not shown in the drawings, it is pointed out that the centre of mass of each blade 1 8 to 22 is offset relative to the axis of swivelling, such as axis 28 of the respective blade so that when the blades are free to swivel, and the rotor is in rotation, the blades, by virtue of the centrifugal force, will tend to take up the medial position shown in the drawing in which the axes of symmetry 30 lie in a plane which is at right angles to the axis 14.
To explain the operation of the turbine, assume that a flow of fluid, such as air, is passed along the inside of cylinder 10 in the direction of axis 14.
The blades 1 8 to 24 will be pivoted about their pivoting axes, such as axis 28, whereby the angle of incidence between the flow of fluid and the aerofoil blades is less than 90 . Therefore, there is a reasonably high initial torque which commences rotation of the rotor. As the rotor speed increases, so the centrifugal force of the blades tending to return the blades to the Fig. 2 position increases, but because of the initial angle of incidence of less than 90 , the rotor will accelerate quickly up to speed so that when the blades return to the Fig. 2 position, in which the angle of incidence is very small, the speed will be sufficiently high to maintain rotation of the turbine whereby power can be extracted.
If the turbine is driven by reciprocating airflow from one direction along the inside of the casing 1 0. and then in the opposite direction, then initially the turbine blades 1 8 to 24 will swing between the positions A and B as shown in Fig. 2, with the alternating airflow.
The invention also provides an effective unidirectional turbine which has improved response characteristics by virtue of the free swivel mounting of the blades.

Claims (7)

1. A uni-directional turbine comprising two or more blades, each of which is freely swingable about a radial axis at or towards the leading edge of the blade, and so that in the start up position the blades will be angularly disposed relative to the shaft axis to give an angle of incidence of the blades relative to the airflow of less than 90 , the blades being arranged so that at higher speeds, they can take up an angle of incidence approaching zero.
2. A turbine according to claim 1, wherein the blades can swing to each side of a medial position in which the blade leading and trailing edges lie in a plane which is at right angles to the axis of the turbine shaft.
3. A turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein there are means for locking the turbine blades in any adjusted position within limits, in order to test or run the equipment in fixed blade position.
4. A turbine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the turbine blades are symmetrical in cross section about a line extending from leading edge to trailing edge.
5. A turbine according to any preceding claim, wherein there are four of said blades arranged at 900 displaced angular positions, and the pivot axes extend along the leading edges of the blades.
6. A turbine according to any preceding claim, wherein the centres of mass of the blades are displaced from the pivot axes so that the centrifugal couple will tend to return the blades to the medial position as the turbine rotates.
7. A uni-directional turbine substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB08216727A 1981-06-19 1982-06-09 Unidirectional turbine Withdrawn GB2100810A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08216727A GB2100810A (en) 1981-06-19 1982-06-09 Unidirectional turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8119024 1981-06-19
GB08216727A GB2100810A (en) 1981-06-19 1982-06-09 Unidirectional turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2100810A true GB2100810A (en) 1983-01-06

Family

ID=26279861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08216727A Withdrawn GB2100810A (en) 1981-06-19 1982-06-09 Unidirectional turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2100810A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0198445A1 (en) * 1985-04-16 1986-10-22 Hydro Energy Associates Limited A pneumatic hydro-electric power conversion system
GB2232442A (en) * 1989-04-01 1990-12-12 Danco Plastics Ltd Pumps with pivotably mounted rotor blades
EP0563404A1 (en) * 1991-10-21 1993-10-06 NOZU, Rikurou Fluid energy apparatus
WO2003087570A2 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-23 Marcus Van Breems Apparatus and methods for energy conversion in an ocean environment
GB2392713A (en) * 2003-09-13 2004-03-10 John Hunter Multi-direction flow turbine
US20100244452A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2010-09-30 Fred Ernest Gardner Device for converting kinetic energy of a flowing water into kinetic energy of a rotatable rotor shaft
ES2424419R1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2014-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert OPEN SEA SYSTEM TO GENERATE RENEWABLE ENERGY

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0198445A1 (en) * 1985-04-16 1986-10-22 Hydro Energy Associates Limited A pneumatic hydro-electric power conversion system
WO1986006139A1 (en) * 1985-04-16 1986-10-23 Hydro Energy Associates Limited Improvements relating to hydro-electric power conversion systems
US4782663A (en) * 1985-04-16 1988-11-08 Hydro Energy Associates Limited Pneumatic hydro-electric power conversion system
GB2232442A (en) * 1989-04-01 1990-12-12 Danco Plastics Ltd Pumps with pivotably mounted rotor blades
GB2232442B (en) * 1989-04-01 1993-01-06 Danco Plastics Ltd Pumps
EP0563404A1 (en) * 1991-10-21 1993-10-06 NOZU, Rikurou Fluid energy apparatus
EP0563404A4 (en) * 1991-10-21 1994-03-23 Rikurou Nozu
US5588293A (en) * 1991-10-21 1996-12-31 Nozu; Rikurou Fluid energy conversion apparatus
US6833631B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2004-12-21 Van Breems Martinus Apparatus and methods for energy conversion in an ocean environment
WO2003087570A3 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-12-31 Breems Marcus Van Apparatus and methods for energy conversion in an ocean environment
WO2003087570A2 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-23 Marcus Van Breems Apparatus and methods for energy conversion in an ocean environment
GB2392713A (en) * 2003-09-13 2004-03-10 John Hunter Multi-direction flow turbine
GB2392713B (en) * 2003-09-13 2004-10-13 John Hunter Multi-direction flow power turbine
US20100244452A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2010-09-30 Fred Ernest Gardner Device for converting kinetic energy of a flowing water into kinetic energy of a rotatable rotor shaft
US9534578B2 (en) * 2007-08-31 2017-01-03 Tocardo International B.V. Device for converting kinetic energy of a flowing water into kinetic energy of a rotatable rotor shaft
ES2424419R1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2014-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert OPEN SEA SYSTEM TO GENERATE RENEWABLE ENERGY

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