JPH0722013U - Exhaust system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To reduce black smoke contained in exhaust gas from diesel engines. [Structure] Exhaust manifold 4 or exhaust pipe 5 of diesel engine 1
A steam generator 8 is attached to the outside. The steam generator 8 uses the heat of the exhaust gas to generate steam. The generated steam is passed through the steam supply pipe 9 to the exhaust pipe 5 or the muffler 6
It is supplied as a cocurrent flow to the exhaust gas passing through it, and the carbon and sulfur components contained in the black smoke of the exhaust gas are physically absorbed by water vapor and removed.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an exhaust system of a diesel engine, and particularly to reduction of carbon and black smoke containing a large amount of sulfur contained in exhaust gas of the diesel engine.

[0002]

[Prior art]

Since the diesel engine burns in a non-homogeneous mixture with excess air, the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) are quite low, but smoke and It contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ). In order to reduce the harmful substances contained in these exhaust gases, the intake port has been improved in the intake system to ensure sufficient air for combustion to ensure good combustion, and CO, We are trying to reduce HC and black smoke. Further, injection timing and injection quantity of the fuel injection device, C O in the proper injection pressure, etc., HC, NO _X, so as to reduce black smoke or, the combustion chamber structure, to improve the shape of the gas in the cylinder to improve the cooling, thereby achieving a reduction of the NO _X in the so that suppress further maximum lowering the burn rate combustion temperature.

In addition, in a gasoline engine, a catalyst converter is attached in the middle of the exhaust pipe to oxidize CO and HC contained in the exhaust gas to reduce NO _{X and} to reduce NO _x in the exhaust pipe together with improvement of the intake system and combustion. Separately, an ignition source is installed to burn CO and HC, and purification in the exhaust pipe is also performed.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, many diesel cars have a large engine displacement and a large amount of exhaust gas. This exhaust gas contains a lot of black smoke containing carbon and sulfur. For this reason, it is currently difficult to remove harmful substances in exhaust gas by using a catalyst in the middle of the exhaust pipe as in a gasoline engine. Further, in a diesel engine, it is difficult to burn carbon and the like contained in black smoke by an afterburner because the combustion is performed in an excess air state.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above drawbacks and to obtain an exhaust device capable of reducing black smoke contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The exhaust device according to the present invention is attached to the outside of an exhaust manifold or an exhaust pipe connected to a cylinder of a diesel engine, and heats water sent from a water tank with the heat of exhaust gas to generate steam. It is characterized by comprising a generator and a steam supply pipe which connects the steam generator and an exhaust pipe or a muffler attached to the tip of the exhaust pipe and supplies steam in parallel with the exhaust gas.

[0007]

[Action]

 In this invention, a steam generator mounted outside the exhaust manifold or the exhaust pipe of a diesel engine utilizes the heat of the exhaust gas to generate steam. The generated steam is supplied as a parallel flow to the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe or the muffler through the steam supply pipe, and the carbon and sulfur components contained in the black smoke of the exhaust gas are physically absorbed in the steam. To remove.

[0008]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the exhaust device 3 for discharging the gas burned in the cylinder 2 of the diesel engine 1 to the outside of the engine includes an exhaust manifold (manifold) 4, an exhaust pipe 5, a muffler 6, and a water tank. 7, a steam generator 8, a steam supply pipe 9, a steam separator 10 and a drain tank 11. The exhaust manifold 4 guides the exhaust gas generated in the plurality of cylinders to one exhaust pipe 5. The muffler 6 absorbs the sound of the exhaust gas sent from the exhaust manifold 4 through the exhaust pipe 5 and having a high temperature and a considerably high pressure.

The water vapor generator 7 is composed of a closed container that covers a part or the whole of the exhaust manifold 4, and as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. One end of the air supply pipe 9 is attached. The water supply pipe 12 is provided with a valve 14 which is opened / closed by a level switch 13 provided in the steam generator 7, and the water supply pipe 12 is connected to a water tank 7 provided near the diesel engine 1. Has been done. The other end of the water vapor supply pipe 9 is connected to the exhaust pipe 5, and the pipe opening inside the exhaust pipe 5 is attached to the downstream side of the exhaust pipe 5. The steam separator 10 is attached on the downstream side of the muffler 6 and separates the gas-liquid of the exhaust gas. The drainage tank 11 stores the drainage separated by the steam separator 10.

The gas burned in the cylinder 2 of the diesel engine 1 in the exhaust device 3 configured as described above passes through the exhaust manifold 4, the exhaust pipe 5, the muffler 6 and the steam separator 10. It is discharged to the outside. On the other hand, water 17 is sent from the water tank 7 to the steam generator 7 through the water supply pipe 12, and is stored by the level switch 13 and the valve 14 so as to be always at a constant level. The water 17 in the steam generator 7 is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust manifold 4 to generate steam. In this way, when the water 17 in the steam generator 7 is heated, since the plurality of exhaust manifolds 4 penetrate the steam generator 7, a large heat transfer area can be obtained, and the evaporation amount of steam can be increased. Can be large.

The steam generated in the steam generator 7 is supplied into the exhaust pipe 5 through the steam supply pipe 9. Since the water vapor supply pipe 9 for supplying water vapor into the exhaust pipe 5 has a pipe opening facing the downstream side of the exhaust pipe 5, it flows into the exhaust pipe 5 as shown in the sectional view of FIG. The steam flow 15 becomes co-current with the exhaust gas flow 16 to reduce the pressure loss on the exhaust gas side. The water vapor flowing into the exhaust pipe 5 mixes with the exhaust gas when passing through the exhaust pipe 5 and the muffler 6, and physically absorbs carbon and sulfur contained in the black smoke of the exhaust gas, At the same time, carbon and the like become cores to form water droplets, which reduces the amount of carbon and the like contained in the exhaust gas. The water droplets containing the carbon and the like are sent to the steam separator 10 together with the exhaust gas in which the amount of the carbon and the like is reduced. The steam separator 10 separates the water droplets containing the sent carbon and the exhaust gas from each other, sends the water droplet containing the carbon to the drain tank 11, and discharges the exhaust gas with a reduced amount of the carbon etc. To do. Therefore, the amount of black smoke peculiar to the diesel engine 1 contained in the exhaust gas can be greatly reduced with a simple configuration.

Although the above embodiment has been described with respect to the case where the steam generator 7 is provided in the exhaust manifold 4, the same operation can be achieved even if the steam generator 7 is provided in the exhaust pipe 5.

In the above embodiment, the case where the amount of carbon and the like in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine 1 is reduced has been described, but CO and the like in the exhaust gas of the gasoline engine can be similarly reduced. it can.

[0014]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, the present invention uses the heat of exhaust gas to generate steam using a steam generator mounted on the exhaust manifold of a diesel engine or outside the exhaust pipe, and supplies the generated steam to steam. The exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe or muffler through the pipe is supplied as a parallel flow, and the carbon and sulfur components contained in the black smoke of the exhaust gas are physically absorbed by the water vapor and removed. The amount of black smoke peculiar to engine exhaust gas can be greatly reduced with a simple configuration.

Further, since the flow of water vapor flowing into the exhaust pipe or the muffler is made to flow in parallel with the flow of exhaust gas, pressure loss on the exhaust gas side can be reduced and output loss of the engine can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a steam generator and a steam supply pipe of the above embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Diesel engine 3 Exhaust device 4 Exhaust manifold 5 Exhaust pipe 6 Muffler 7 Water tank 8 Steam generator 9 Steam supply pipe 10 Steam-water separator 11 Drainage tank

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A steam generator which is attached to the outside of an exhaust manifold or an exhaust pipe connected to a cylinder of a diesel engine, and heats water sent from a water tank with heat of exhaust gas to generate steam. An exhaust device comprising: a steam supply pipe, which connects the steam generator to an exhaust pipe or a muffler attached to a tip of the exhaust pipe and supplies steam in parallel with the exhaust gas.