JPH07217358A - Bucket excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To discharge even viscous soil easily, and to improve the efficiency of execution by pushing a cylindrical bucket body for a bucket excavator into the ground surface of viscous soil and excavating viscous soil, pushing out an earth-removing plate and discharging viscous soil. CONSTITUTION:In an excavating mechanism 28, an opening is directed toward the ground surface of viscous soil, a bucket body 32 is pushed into the ground surface, viscous soil is taken into the bucket body 32, a discharge mechanism 43 pulls up the bucket body 32, and an earth-removing plate 33 is pushed out, thus discharging viscous soil. In the discharge mechanism 43 with a cylinder 34, a pressure accumulator 38 and a check valve 40, the cylinder 34 is shrunk when the bucket body 32 is pushed into the ground surface, a fluid is stored in the pressure accumnulator 38 through the check valve 40, the fluid is flowed into a head-side working chamber through an on-off valve 41, and the earth- removing plate 33 is pushed out by the cylinder 34, thus discharging viscous soil. In a bucket excavator with a rotating pushing mechanism 1 and a grip mechanism 15, the rotating pushing mechanism 1 turns a casing tube 10 and pushs the casing tube 10 into the ground, and pushs in the bucket body 32.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket excavating device for excavating the ground of cohesive soil with a bucket.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, an all-casing construction method in which a casing tube is rotated and pushed is used, and earth and sand in the casing tube are excavated by using a Hammaglab bucket, and the Hammaglab bucket is pulled up to the ground. The soil in the bucket was discharged. In addition, in the earth drill method, the earth auger bucket is rotated for excavation and the earth auger bucket is pulled up to the ground to discharge the earth and sand in the bucket.

[0003]

However, when excavating the viscous soil with such a conventional Hammaglab bucket or earth auger bucket, even if the bucket is opened to expel the earth and sand, the viscous soil taken into the bucket will be used. However, there was a case where the inner wall of the bucket stuck to the wall, making it difficult to discharge.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bucket excavator which can easily discharge the taken cohesive soil with the object of solving the above problems.

[0005]

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following constitution as means for solving the problem. That is, a tubular bucket body with one end opened, an excavation mechanism that pushes the bucket body toward the ground by directing the opening of the bucket body toward the ground of cohesive soil, and pulling up the bucket body to open the inside of the bucket body. The structure of a bucket excavating device is characterized in that the structure comprises a discharging mechanism that pushes out a discharging plate disposed so as to be movable toward and discharges the cohesive soil in the bucket body.

Further, the discharging mechanism includes a cylinder which is connected to the earth discharging plate on the rod side and moves the earth discharging plate toward the opening, and a pressure accumulator is connected to the rod side working chamber of the cylinder. A configuration may be adopted in which both working chambers of the cylinder are connected via a check valve that allows a flow from the head side working chamber to the rod side working chamber, and an on-off valve that bypasses the check valve is provided.

Further, the excavation mechanism includes a rotary pushing mechanism that rotates the casing tube to push it into the ground, and a grip mechanism that is suspended in the casing tube by a wire rope and engaged with the inner circumference of the casing tube. And a structure in which the bucket body is attached to the grip mechanism with the opening facing the ground of the cohesive soil at the bottom of the casing tube.

[0008]

In the bucket excavator having the above-mentioned structure, the excavating mechanism pushes the bucket main body into the ground with the opening directed toward the ground of the cohesive soil, and takes the cohesive soil into the bucket main body. Then, the discharging mechanism pulls up the bucket body and then pushes out the soil discharging plate to discharge the viscous soil in the bucket body.

Further, in the discharge mechanism having a cylinder, a pressure accumulator, and a check valve, when the bucket body is pushed into the ground, the cylinder shrinks, and the fluid flows from the head side working chamber to the rod side working chamber via the check valve. And the fluid is stored in the pressure accumulator. When the opening / closing valve is opened, the fluid stored in the pressure accumulator flows into the head side working chamber via the opening / closing valve, and the cylinder pushes out the soil discharging plate to discharge the viscous soil.

Further, in the case where the excavation mechanism is provided with the rotary pushing mechanism and the grip mechanism, the rotary pushing mechanism rotates the casing tube and pushes it into the ground, and the grip mechanism is suspended in the casing tube by the wire rope. Engages with the inner circumference of the casing tube. The rotary pushing mechanism pushes the casing tube and pushes the bucket body to the ground via the grip mechanism.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary pushing mechanism, in which a lifting cylinder 4 for lifting a lifting frame 3 is assembled on a base frame 2 held in a horizontal state, and a ring is mounted on the lifting frame 3 via a bearing 5. The rotating member 6 is supported in a rotatable manner. A gear 7 is formed on the outer periphery of the rotary member 6, and a drive gear 8 a fixed to the rotary shaft of a hydraulic motor 8 provided on the elevating frame 3 and a gear 7 are meshed with each other via an idle gear 9 to form a hydraulic motor 8. Is configured to rotate the rotating member 6.

A taper hole 11 having a size capable of inserting the casing tube 10 is formed on the inner circumference of the rotary member 6, and the taper hole 11 is formed so as to be reduced in diameter downward. Above the rotating member 6, the lifting frame 3
A bracket 13a that is moved up and down by the chuck cylinder 12 arranged in the position is provided, and a rotating frame 13c is supported between the bracket 13a and the rotating member 6 via a bearing 13b so as to move up and down together with the bracket 13a. It is set up. A wedge-shaped chuck member 14 suspended from the rotating frame 13c is inserted between the tapered hole 11 and the casing tube 10.

Inside the casing tube 10, a grip mechanism 15 is suspended by a crane 16, and the grip mechanism 15 is suspended by a wire rope 18 of the crane 16 via a swivel joint 17.
A tubular member 20 slidably mounted on the shaft 19 in the vertical direction, and a plurality of grip members 22 arranged along the inner circumference of the casing tube 10.

Upper flange 1 fixed to shaft 19
The weight 23 is mounted on the shaft 9a, and the shaft 19
A spring 24 is compressed and interposed between and the cylindrical member 20. The upper flange 19a and the grip member 22 are connected by a link 25 swingably supported at both ends so that the grip member 22 is expanded by the downward movement of the upper flange 19a.

The tubular member 20 and the grip member 22 are connected by a pair of upper and lower links 26 and 27 so that the upward movement of the tubular member 20 expands the grip member 22. . In this embodiment, the rotary pushing mechanism 1 and the grip mechanism 15 constitute the excavation mechanism 28.

A bracket 30 is attached to the lower end flange 20a of the tubular member 20, and a tubular bucket body 32 is fixed to the bracket 30. The bucket body 32 has an axial direction perpendicular to the ground, and one end on the ground side is straightly opened toward the ground while being tubular. In the present embodiment, the bucket main body 32 has a cylindrical shape, but is not limited to this, and may have a square tubular shape or a hexagonal tubular shape. Further, the bucket main body 32 is not limited to a straight shape and has a downwardly widened tapered shape. It may be a cylindrical shape with one end open. A plurality of claws 32 a are provided around the opening end 31 of the bucket body 32.

In the bucket body 32, an earth discharging plate 33 corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the bucket body 32 is provided orthogonally to the axial direction of the bucket body 32 and arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction. ing. Further, the head side of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is swingably supported by the bracket 30 by a pin 35 a, and a rod 36 of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is supported.
Is connected to the soil discharge plate 33 by a pin 35b. When the rod 36 of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is retracted, the earth discharging plate 33 is formed so as to be retracted into the bucket body 32 by a predetermined amount.

When the bucket body 32 is pulled up after the bucket body 32 is pushed into the ground of cohesive soil,
The inner diameter of the bucket main body 32 and the distance from the open end 31 to the soil discharge plate 33 so that the viscous soil in the bucket main body 32 is broken near the opening end 31 due to the adhesive force of the viscous soil on the inner wall of the bucket main body 32. And are selected. The earth discharging plate 33 may be configured to be pulled in from the open end 31 by a distance longer than that.

The hydraulic cylinder 34 is divided into a rod side working chamber 37 and a head side working chamber 39 by a piston 36a integral with the rod 36, and a pressure accumulator 38 is connected to the rod side working chamber 37. . The pressure accumulator 38 is a known one that can store a fluid such as hydraulic oil in a pressurized state by using a sealed gas, a spring, or the like. The fluid may be hydraulic oil or air.

Further, the head side working chamber 39 and the rod side working chamber 37 are moved from the head side working chamber 39 to the rod side working chamber 37.
Connected via a check valve 40 which allows the flow of fluid to and from. Further, an on-off valve 41 is provided in parallel with the check valve 40.
In this embodiment, the on-off valve 41 is a manual type that can be opened and closed by operating the handle 42, but an electromagnetic on-off valve can also be used.

In this embodiment, the discharge plate 33, the hydraulic cylinder 34, the pressure accumulator 38, the check valve 40, and the opening / closing valve 41 constitute the discharge mechanism 43, and the bracket 30 and the bucket body 32 constitute the bucket 44. ing. Next, the operation of the bucket excavator of this embodiment described above will be described.

First, the casing tube 10 is inserted, the chuck cylinder 12 is driven, and the bracket 13 is inserted.
a is lowered. As a result, the chuck member 14 is tapered through the bearing 13b and the rotating frame 13c.
1 and the casing tube 10, and the chuck member 14 is used to insert the rotating member 6 and the casing tube 10.
And are concluded.

Next, the hydraulic motor 8 is rotationally driven to rotate the rotary member 6 via the drive gear 8a and the idle gear 9, and the casing tube 10 is rotated along with the rotation of the rotary member 6.
Is rotated. Further, the elevating cylinder 4 is driven to lower the elevating frame 3, and the casing tube 10 is pushed into the ground through the rotating member 6, the chuck member 14, and the like. When the casing tube 10 is rotated and pushed into the ground, earth and sand remain inside.

Then, the grip mechanism 15 is connected to the crane 16
The bucket 44 is hung from the wire rope 18 of FIG. Bucket body 32
When the tip of the shaft hits the bottom, the weight of the weight 23 and the urging force of the spring 24 cause the shaft 19 to move toward the upper flange 19.
descends with a. As a result, the grip member 22 is expanded through the link 25, the grip member 22 is pressed against the inner circumference of the casing tube 10, and the grip mechanism 15 and the casing tube 10 are engaged. The earth-discharging plate 33, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.
It is in a state of being projected to the side.

Next, when the lifting cylinder 4 is driven and a pushing force is applied to the casing tube 10, the bucket body 32 is pushed through the grip mechanism 15 and the bracket 30. As a result, the bucket body 32 is pushed into the ground of cohesive soil. As a result, the cohesive soil is taken in as a column along the inner wall of the bucket body 32. The bucket body 32 has a tubular shape and takes in the viscous soil therein, so that the amount of the viscous soil taken in at one time is larger than that of the bowl-shaped bucket.

At this time, the soil discharging plate 33 is hit by the cohesive soil,
In accordance with the pushing of the bucket body 32, the acting force acts in the direction of retracting the rod 36 of the hydraulic cylinder 34, and the fluid in the head side working chamber 39 flows into the rod side working chamber 37 via the check valve 40. At this time, the volume of the rod-side working chamber 37 increases by the amount of the volume of the rod 36.
Since it is smaller than the decrease of 9, the excess fluid flows into the pressure accumulator 38 and is stored under pressure. Even if the rod 36 is retracted, the check valve 40 restricts the flow of fluid from the rod-side working chamber 37 to the head-side working chamber 39, and holds the rod 36 so as not to project.

When the bucket body 32 is pushed in,
The grip mechanism 15 receives a large reaction force, and the tubular member 20 is pushed up. As a result, the grip member 22 is expanded through the links 26 and 27, and the casing tube 10
It is strongly pressed against the inner circumference of the and is more firmly engaged.

After pushing in the bucket body 32, the wire rope 18 is wound up and the grip mechanism 15 is pushed up.
When is pulled up, the grip member 22 is separated from the inner circumference of the casing tube 10 via the link 25 and the engagement is released. When the bucket main body 32 is pulled up via the bracket 30 together with the grip mechanism 15, the cohesive soil adheres to the inner wall of the bucket main body 32, so that the cohesive soil taken into the bucket main body 34 has an upward acting force. work. As a result, the cohesive soil becomes
Is broken near the opening 31 and is pulled out to the ground from inside the casing tube 10 together with the bucket body 32.

Next, the handle 42 is operated to operate the on-off valve 4.
When 1 is opened, the rod-side working chamber 37 and the head-side working chamber 39 are communicated with each other, and the fluid pressure accumulated in the pressure accumulator 38 becomes
It acts on both sides of the piston 36a. As shown in FIG.
The pressure receiving area of the piston 36a facing the rod side working chamber 37 is smaller than the pressure receiving area of the piston 36a facing the head side working chamber 39 by the sectional area of the rod 36. Therefore, when the same pressure is applied to both sides of the piston 36a, the action force that pushes out the rod 36 is larger, the rod 36 is pushed out, the soil discharge plate 33 is pushed out, and the columnar viscosity inside the bucket body 32 is increased. The soil is discharged from the inside of the tubular bucket body 32 along the inner wall of the bucket body 32.

Next, when the on-off valve 41 is closed, the check valve 40 causes the rod-side working chamber 37 to move to the head-side working chamber 3.
Since the flow of the fluid is regulated at 9, the soil discharge plate 33 is shown in FIG.
Is pushed out as shown by the chain double-dashed line, and the bucket 44 is again inserted into the casing tube 10,
The above work is repeated to excavate.

The discharging mechanism 43 is not limited to the one using the hydraulic cylinder 34, the pressure accumulator 38, the check valve 40, etc. described above, but one capable of pushing out the earth discharging plate 33, for example, simply using a hydraulic cylinder for hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic oil may be supplied through the hose to push out the soil discharge plate 33. However, with the above-described configuration, the hydraulic hose is not drawn from the outside to the bottom inside the casing tube 10,
Since cohesive soil can be taken in, the hydraulic hose does not get in the way, and excavation work is easy.

Further, since the pushing force of the casing tube 10 is transmitted to the bucket 44 by the grip mechanism 15,
A large pushing force is obtained, and even a deep hole can be excavated. The excavation mechanism 28 is not limited to the one using the rotary pushing mechanism 1 and the grip mechanism 15 for rotating the casing tube 10 and pushing it into the ground, as in the case of excavating a shallow hole or an underground portion of a building. When digging a large area, it is possible to implement the structure in which the bracket 30 is connected to the tip of the rod of the cylinder and the bucket body 32 is pushed.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments as described above, and can be carried out in various modes without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0034]

As described above in detail, in the bucket excavator of the present invention, the tubular bucket body is pushed into the ground of cohesive soil for excavation, and the soil discharging plate is pushed out to expel the cohesive soil. Even in this case, there is an effect that discharge can be performed easily. Further, since the discharging mechanism is configured to include the cylinder, the pressure accumulator, and the check valve, the hydraulic hose can be discharged without being pulled in from the outside. Further, since the excavation mechanism includes the rotary pushing mechanism and the grip mechanism, the earth and sand in the casing tube can be efficiently excavated, and the rotary pushing mechanism can also be used for rotating and pushing the casing tube.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bucket excavator as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic overall view of the bucket excavating device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of the bucket of this embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Rotary pushing mechanism 4 ... Lifting cylinder
6 ... Rotating member 10 ... Casing tube 15 ... Grip mechanism
16 ... Crane 18 ... Wire Rope 28 ... Excavation Mechanism
30 ... Bracket 31 ... Open end 32 ... Bucket body
33 ... Exhaust plate 34 ... Hydraulic cylinder 38 ... Accumulator
40 ... Check valve 41 ... Open / close valve 43 ... Discharge mechanism
44 ... bucket

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tubular bucket body having an opening at one end, an excavation mechanism for pushing the bucket body toward the ground by directing the opening of the bucket body toward the ground of cohesive soil, and pulling up the bucket body to lift the bucket body. A bucket excavating device, comprising: a discharge mechanism that pushes out a soil discharge plate that is movably disposed in the interior of the bucket body to discharge the viscous soil in the bucket body. 2. The discharging mechanism includes a cylinder, the rod side of which is connected to the soil discharging plate, for moving the soil discharging plate toward the opening, and a pressure accumulator is connected to a rod side working chamber of the cylinder. 2. An on-off valve that connects both working chambers of the cylinder via a check valve that allows a flow from the head-side working chamber to the rod-side working chamber and that has an opening / closing valve that bypasses the check valve. 1. The bucket excavator according to 1. 3. The excavation mechanism comprises a rotary pushing mechanism for rotating a casing tube to push it into the ground,
A grip mechanism that is suspended in the casing tube by a wire rope and is engaged with the inner circumference of the casing tube is provided, and the bucket body is directed to the grip mechanism with the opening toward the ground of the cohesive soil at the bottom of the casing tube. The bucket excavating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bucket excavating device is attached.