JPH07216906A - Building foundation and building method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance workability by lining up a plurality of blocks having a drain ditch installed cubically to its lateral part in a row and connecting the joint parts of the blocks with bolts or the like. CONSTITUTION:Permanent concrete is cast to a foundation construction site where PC foundation units 1 are lined up in a row on the concrete by way of an uncured mortar layer and joint parts 8 are connected with bolts or the like, thereby forming a foundation and building a drain ditch 6 at the same time. Load dispersion boards 2a and 6a are installed to the inside and outside and the bottom of the units 1 so as to disperse the load of a post equally and prevent the units 1 from differential settlement of the units 1. A pedestal fixing member is fixed with bonding parts, such as female screws 51 exposed on a post bearing 3, thereby bonding the legs of a post to be bonded with pins or the like. As occasion demands, there is formed a core of reinforcement rigid frames to be supported on an independent foundation while it serves to build strongly a building by connecting a wooden post on the foundation unit 1 which envelops the rigid frames with the core by means of beams. This construction makes it possible to finish the foundation and the drain ditch simultaneously, and what is more, shorten a construction period and execute construction work at low cost.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to improvement of a building foundation, and more particularly to a building foundation in which a drainage groove is formed at the same time as laying the foundation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The ancient wooden construction style is that the foundation stones are arranged on the ground according to the shape of the building, the foundation is passed over the foundation stones, and the pillars are supported on the foundation. However, since the foundation stone and foundation are not joined and the foundation stones are not joined, this style is not used due to poor seismic resistance. At present, the general method of constructing a wooden building is to first dig a groove in the ground according to the shape of the building, put gravel or burial stones, and then form the foundation along the part solidified with discarded concrete. After making a temporary frame for it and arranging reinforcing bars and anchor bolts in this, concrete is poured and a series of cloth foundation is formed. Then, on the foundation, the foundation and legs of the building are supported and fixed, and after building the building, the rainwater and various miscellaneous drains that fall from the roof through the downspout are guided to water and sewer. It is common to make drains and bury drainage pipes.

Therefore, in order to prevent the foundation of the cloth from becoming fragile due to concrete splicing, etc.
There was also a restriction on the work setup, such as the need for concrete pouring at once. When the building is almost completed, the drainage ditch is constructed by digging around the building again by a contractor different from the one who laid the foundation, and laying a U-shaped pipe or burying a water pipe. Because it will be
There was a drawback that the construction period was prolonged.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The first object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks of the prior art and eliminate the need to cast concrete in situ when constructing a building foundation. Disclosed is a precast concrete foundation (hereinafter abbreviated as PC foundation) in which grooves are also formed. A second object of the present invention is a PC provided with a fixing means for easily connecting the PC foundation and the pillar supported by the foundation.
It is to disclose the basics.

[0005]

The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a foundation block body 1, 21, 31 and a drainage groove 6 which is integrally formed on the side of the foundation block body from the foundation block body. , 36
And a connecting part (8, 38) for connecting a plurality of the basic block bodies to each other in the extension direction of the drainage groove, the PC basic unit. With such a configuration, concrete 80 is thrown away at a place where the foundation is laid to an appropriate thickness, the PC base units of the present application are arranged on the foundation through a very thin uncured mortar layer 81, and the connecting portions are joined by bolts or the like. If this is done, a drain will be constructed at the same time as the formation of the foundation.

A second gist of the present invention is, in the PC base unit defined in the first gist, from the lower part of the inner side surface of the foundation block body and / or the lower part of the outer side surface of the drain groove. Precast, characterized in that load distribution plates 2a, 6a, 32a, 36a are provided integrally with the bottom portion of the basic block body and the bottom portion of the drain groove in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the drain groove. Located in a concrete foundation unit. Such a load distribution plate evenly distributes the load of the columns supported by the base unit and prevents uneven settlement of the base unit, and thus has the effect of greatly simplifying the installation work of the base unit.

The third gist of the present invention is the PC basic unit defined in the first or second gist,
The connecting portions 8 and 38 are composed of a connecting plate 8a which is housed and fixed in a recess provided in a side end portion of the base block body on the joining side, and the connecting plate 8a has a bolt insertion hole 8c.
P is characterized in that
It is in the C base unit

A fourth gist of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned first, second, and
Alternatively, in the PC base unit defined in the third aspect, the pillar support portions 3 and 33 provided on the top plane of the foundation block body are formed on the upper ends of the anchor members embedded and held in the foundation block body. The coupling portion such as the female screw portion 51 is exposed, and is composed of a substrate 61 having a pair of bolt holes provided at predetermined intervals, and a fixing plate 63 that is integrally erected on the substrate 61. The fixing plate has a positioning groove 64 formed of a tapered notch whose width increases upward.
And a column base fixing member 60 having a pin insertion hole 65
(See FIG. 9) is fixed to a connecting portion such as the female screw portion 51 or the like in a PC base unit.

The column base fixing member 60 has a slit 121 through which the fixing plate can enter the leg section 120 of the column to be fixed.
Is formed in advance, a guide pin 122 is attached so as to penetrate the center of the plane formed by the slit at a right angle, and the slit is fixed to the column base fixing member 60 defined in the third summary.
When the fixing pin 63 is fitted onto the fixing plate 63 and is lowered from above, the guide pin and the positioning groove are engaged with each other, and the guide pin is guided to the lower end of the positioning groove, so that the column base is placed on the basic unit of the present application. Position. To connect the pillar and the fixing plate, the fixing pin 130 is sewn to the pillar base and the fixing plate through the pin insertion holes 123 of the fixing plate, whereby the fixing of the pillar base and the base unit is easily completed.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is to form a core 100 made of a frame having a steel frame structure integrally supported by an independent foundation 101, and to the outside of the core, the above first to third aspects. By arranging the PC base unit specified in any one of the above and connecting at the connecting portion thereof, a building foundation surrounding the core is formed, and a wooden pillar is erected on the building foundation, and A building method is characterized in that the core and the core are connected to each other by a beam to form a skeleton of a building, and a roof, a floor, a wall, and the like are formed by a known method.

According to the above construction method, the core 100 which receives all the pulling force in the horizontal direction of the building is provided inside the outer wall of the building.
However, since the building foundation formed by connecting the basic units of the present application at the connecting portion is sufficient to support only the load on the columns and walls, it is not necessary to use a cloth foundation other than the cloth foundation in view of structural standards such as earthquake resistance. Then, even in the case of a building that could not be built, a robust building can be built by the independent foundation of the present invention that is easy to lay.

[0012]

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, one embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show P according to the present invention.
1 shows the first embodiment of the C base unit, which is used particularly in a portion for constructing a linearly extending base and has a structure for supporting columns. The PC base unit 1 for pillar support of the present application includes a block body 2 for the foundation, and a drain groove 6 and a connecting portion 8 which are integrated with the block body 2. The block body 2 has a vertically long trapezoidal cross section, and has a wall shape. The drainage groove 6 is formed so that the lower half of the outer surface of the block body is formed on the outer side of the block body 2 (the side facing the outer side of the building constructed on the foundation) and the step portion 4 is formed on the outer side. ,
It is provided by projecting a slight width and then extending the bottom portion 7 outward in an L shape.

From the lower part of the side surface 2b on the inner side of the block body 2 (the side facing the inner side of the building) and the lower part of the side surface 6b on the outer side of the drainage groove 6 (the side facing the outer side of the building), a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the drainage groove 6 is formed. In the direction, load distribution plates 2a and 6a having a predetermined width are integrally formed with the lower portions of the block bodies and the bottom portions of the drain grooves. A top plane near the central portion of the block body 2 forms a support portion 3 for supporting a pillar of the building, and the support portion 3 has a pillar base fixing member 60 (for connecting the leg portion of the pillar and the base unit). Female screw parts 51 provided on the heads of a pair of anchor bolts 50 (see FIG. 3) for fixing (see FIG. 9),
51 is open.

The connecting portions 8, ... Are provided at the left and right ends of the inner side surface of the block body 2, one at each of the upper and lower portions. As shown in FIG. 4, the connecting portion 8 is a connecting plate 8a made of one surface of a rectangular tube housed in a rectangular recess 2d formed in a corner portion between the inner side surface 2b and the left and right side surfaces 2c of the block body. And a pair of anchor bolt portions 8b for fixing the rectangular tube in the cutout portion, and the anchor bolt portions are embedded in the block body. A bolt insertion hole 8c is formed in a connecting plate 8a of the rectangular cylinder which is flush with the left and right side surfaces 2c of the block body. The block body 2, the drainage groove 6, the load distribution plates 2a, 6a, and the connecting portion 8 having such a configuration are integrally formed by arranging a reinforcing bar assembled in a predetermined shape in a concrete form and pouring ready-mixed concrete into the concrete form. Has been done.

[0015]

Second Embodiment FIGS. 5 to 6 show a second embodiment of the PC base unit according to the present invention. In the first embodiment, an anchor bolt 50 is embedded as an anchor member for fixing a pillar, and in order to receive a load from the pillar, the load distribution plate 2
While the base unit 21 according to the second embodiment mainly supports the lower part of the wall surface, the load to be supported is much smaller than the axial force of the column. Therefore, the configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except that the load distribution plates 2a and 6a are removed.
The parts having the same functions are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 9 denotes a ventilation port for ensuring ventilation under the floor, from the inner side surface 22a of the block body 22 to the outer side surface 22b.
It consists of a blind hole that is closed just before it penetrates into, and is intended to act as a vent when a shock is applied, such as with a hammer. Such a structure of the opening can be provided also in the bottom of the drainage groove, and by opening with a hammer, the drainage port to the drainage basin can be easily opened. Connection part 8,
The structure of the drainage groove 6 is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0016]

Third Embodiment FIGS. 7 to 8 show a third embodiment of the PC base unit according to the present invention. The base unit 31 is for use in a corner portion of a building. When comparing the third embodiment and the first embodiment, the difference is that the outer side surface of the basic block body 2 of the basic unit 1 according to the first embodiment is formed by a single plane. On the other hand, the base unit 31 of the third embodiment
Is at the point where the outer side surface of the block body 32 is bent in conformity with the shape of the corner portion of the building. Both of the configurations of the connecting portion 38 are exactly the same. In the third embodiment, the outer side surfaces 32e, f are constituted by two planes orthogonal to each other.

Accordingly, the drain groove 36 extending from the outer side surface of the block body, the load distribution plate 32a extending from the lower inner side surface of the block body 32, and the load distribution plate extending from the drain groove bottom portion. 36a is also bent at a right angle so as to match the side surface. The top plane near the bent portion of the block body 32 forms a support portion 33 for supporting the pillar of the building, and the support portion 33 has a pillar base fixing member 60 for connecting the leg portion of the pillar and the PC base unit. Female screw portions 51, 51 provided on the head portion of an anchor bolt 50 (see FIG. 3) for fixing are opened at three positions so as to form a right angle with each other. The column base fixing member 60 is, as described later, 2
It is fixed to the female threaded portion 51 with two bolts.
At the corners of No. 3, it is considered that the column base fixing member can be fixed in a desired direction by selecting the central female screw portion and one of the female screw portions on both sides thereof as the mounting direction. .

To fix the leg portion of the pillar and the basic unit, first, as in the conventional case, on the pillar bearing portion of the basic unit of the present application,
It is possible to use a method of fixing the anchor member provided so that a part thereof protrudes and the column base portion with a fastener such as a bolt or a nut. However, the basic unit of the present application
It is premised that the products made of precast concrete and manufactured by factory production are transported to the construction site. Therefore, it is desirable that the protrusions that are deformed during transportation or that interfere with transportation be made as small as possible or eliminated. The anchor member provided in the column support portion of the basic unit shown in Examples 1 to 3 is devised from such a viewpoint.

FIG. 9 shows the leg 120 of the pillar as the base unit 1.
It shows a method of fixing to the pillar support portion 3. Anchor bolt 50 whose lower end branches in an inverted Y shape as shown in FIG.
The female screw portion 51 is provided on the head portion of the base unit 1 which is open and exposed on the same plane as the column support portion 3. This female screw part is used for screwing a hanger consisting of a male threaded rod protruding from the ring member to hook the crane hook when lifting the crane when moving or installing the base unit. Also used for. The column base fixing member 60 is composed of a rectangular iron plate base plate 61 and a butterfly-shaped fixing plate 63 standing on the base plate at a right angle to the base plate. The base plate 61 has a pair of bolt holes 62, 62. Are drilled in accordance with the intervals of the female screw portions opened in the base unit.

The fixing plate 63 is provided with a positioning groove 64 consisting of a notch portion that expands upward from the center portion in a fan shape, and pin insertion holes 65, 65 are formed on both sides thereof. In this column base fixing member 60, first, bolts 66, 66 are attached to the female screw portions 51, 51 on the base unit side by bolt holes 6 respectively.
The substrate 61 is fixed to the top of the base unit by screwing through the screws 2, 62. Next, as shown in FIG.
As a pre-process, the leg portion 120 of the pillar is provided with a slit 121 facing upward from the mouth of the lower end of the pillar in accordance with the thickness of the fixing plate 63, and further, a state of penetrating the slit 121 at a right angle. Then, the guide pin 122 is inserted in the center near the leg portion. Based on the position of the guide pin 122, the fixed pin insertion holes 123, 123 are also formed in alignment with the pin insertion holes 65, 65.

In this state, the slit 121 is fixed to the fixing plate 63.
Guide pin 1
22 is guided by the positioning groove 64 and descends, and is positioned at the lower end of the positioning groove. Next, when the column is erected upright, the fixing pin insertion hole 123 and the fixing plate side pin insertion hole 65 are formed.
Since they communicate with each other, if they are pierced with a fixing pin, the leg portion of the column and the column leg fixing member are connected and fixed.

A case of constructing a building foundation using the PC foundation units 1, 21, 31 shown in the first to third embodiments will be described. FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a state in which the basic units of the present application are combined and connected and laid like a cloth foundation. The base unit 1 is arranged at the position where the pillar is provided, the base unit 21 is arranged at the position where only the wall is required to be supported, and the base unit 31 is arranged at the corner. Reference numeral 100 is a core of a steel frame rigid structure that is erected near the center of the building. The core 100 has a structure in which a steel material 103 such as an H-shaped steel supported in an upright state by an independent foundation is rigidly joined by a beam 104 made of the same steel material to form a rectangular parallelepiped frame. As shown in FIG. 13, the foundation 101 for supporting the core is composed of an H-shaped steel material 102 as a core, and a square frame-shaped independent foundation in a plan view in which the periphery thereof is solidified with reinforced concrete.

In order to prevent uneven settlement, the independent foundation 101 is further installed on a rectangular flat plate-shaped independent foundation board 70 made of a reinforced concrete panel. In order to install the independent foundation board 70, first, a hole is dug in the place, solidified with the gravel stone 80, the concrete is discarded on the gravel stone, and the independent foundation board 70 is placed on the concrete. To install the base units 1, 21, 31 in the same manner, a hole is dug at a position to be installed, and a layer of discarded concrete 80, for example, 6 to 10
It is made to have a thickness of cm, and is placed on this with an uncured mortar layer of, for example, 3 to 4 cm interposed therebetween. As shown in FIG. 4, the base units adjacent to each other are connected by bolts through the bolt insertion holes 8c and 38c of the connecting portions 8 and 38, respectively. At that time, a sheet made of rubber or soft plastic is interposed as the packing 55 in order to ensure close contact between the joint surfaces. Instead of the packing 55, a caulking agent may be filled. 110 is a concrete dirt floor.

In the above embodiment, the basic units 1 and 31 for supporting the pillars are preliminarily integrally provided with load distribution plates in order to prevent uneven settlement, but this is the basic unit. As in the case of No. 21, the load distribution plate may not be provided, and the independent foundation board 70 may be used as an underlay and installed on top of it. Further, the connection between the column base fixing member 60 and the base unit is carried out by embedding an anchor bolt having a male screw portion at the upper end in a state in which the male screw portion is projected to the column bearing portion of the base unit, and is attached to the male screw portion. The bolt holes of the substrate 61 may be fitted and fixed by nuts. Thus, the foundation of the building is completed and at the same time a series of drains is formed around it. The wall may be attached between the pillars by a conventional method using a heat insulating material such as glass wool and the wall material, or a plastic foam molded in a plate shape as a heat insulating material between two wood boards on the front and back, For example, a heat-insulating panel that is formed as an integral panel with a flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam interposed may be fitted between the pillars. So are floors and roofs.

The pillars and beams may be made of solid wood of natural wood or pillars made of laminated wood. Each pillar erected on the pillar support portion is a steel core 1 having a ramen structure.
No. 00 is connected and fixed via a beam. Therefore, each column only needs to support a vertical load, and the horizontal load is received by the core 100 of the rectangular frame-shaped steel frame rigid frame structure constructed on the rectangular frame-shaped independent foundation near the center of the building. .
Due to such a structural feature, the basic unit is essentially required to support the vertical load as an independent foundation.
When used for a building with a structure that has the structure, in Japan where there are many earthquakes, it is possible to sufficiently meet the building standards for wooden buildings of any specifications.

The shape and structure of the core are not limited to a square,
It can be used according to the scale and shape of the building, from those that consist of two steel columns to those where three or more steel columns are polygonal or cruciform in plan view. Also, the basic unit is the one shown in the above Examples 1 to 3,
Of course, the shape of the block body and the shape of the drainage groove are not limited to these. For example, if the corner portion of the building is curved, naturally, the basic unit of the present invention used there, at least the outer surface thereof, is a curved surface adapted to the building, and there is no inconvenience to the present invention. In the embodiment, the drain groove also has a structure in which a lid or a grating can be placed as needed, but it goes without saying that the drain groove may be a cylindrical drain groove. The structure of the connecting portion may also be provided so as to protrude from the inner surface of the block body.

[0027]

[Effect] The PC base unit of the present application can be prepared by preparing base units of several sizes in advance.
Depending on the design specifications, the necessary basic units can be transported to the site and laid, so it does not require the work such as building and removing the formwork like the conventional in-situ foundation, especially in the severe cold season. However, since heat retention and curing for hardening concrete is unnecessary, construction can be done easily.
In addition, the drainage ditch will be completed at the same time as the foundation is completed, so there is no need to dig the same place many times depending on the construction process, the work is streamlined, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced. Can be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a basic unit of the present application.

2 is a side view of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of an anchor bolt.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a connecting portion of the basic unit of the present application in a use state.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of FIG. 5 viewed from the inside.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a perspective view of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from the outside.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing one aspect of fixing the pillar on the pillar bearing portion of the base unit of the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a column base fixing member used for connecting the basic unit of the present application and a column.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the state shown in FIG. 9 as viewed from the left side surface.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view seen from a plane direction showing a state where a foundation of a building is constructed by using the foundation unit according to the first to third embodiments.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the installation structure of the foundation viewed from the AA cross section of FIG. 12;

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 21, 31 PC base unit 2, 22, 32 Foundation block body 2a, 6a, 32a, 36a Load distribution plate 3, 33 Column support 6, 36 Drain 8, 38 Connection 9 Vent 51 Anchor head Female screw part 60 column base fixing member 70 independent foundation board 100 core

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A base block body, a drain groove integrally extending from an outer side surface of the block body, and a connecting portion for connecting a plurality of the block bodies to each other in a direction in which the drain groove extends. A precast concrete foundation unit characterized by having and. 2. The foundation block body has a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal transverse cross-sectional shape, and one side wall of a drainage groove having a substantially U-shaped cross-section in a lower half portion of the outer side surface of the block body. The precast concrete base unit according to claim 1, which is integrally formed with the block body. 3. A load distribution plate is integrally extended from a lower part of an inner side surface of the foundation block body and / or a lower part of an outer side surface of the drainage groove in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the drainage groove. The precast concrete foundation unit according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The connecting portion comprises a connecting plate which is housed and fixed in a recess provided in a side end portion of the foundation block body on the joining side, and a bolt insertion hole is bored in the connecting plate. The precast concrete foundation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The foundation block body has a bent side surface that bends corresponding to the shape of a corner of a building, and a drain groove that is bent along the bent side surface is formed.
The precast concrete base unit according to any one of 4 above. 6. A female thread portion formed at the upper end of an anchor member embedded and held in the foundation block body is exposed and opened in a column support portion provided on the top plane of the foundation block body. The precast concrete foundation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. A base plate having a pair of bolt holes provided at predetermined intervals, and a fixing plate integrally provided on the base plate. The fixing plate has a taper whose width increases upward. A column base fixing member having a positioning groove formed by a grooved notch and a pin insertion hole is fixed by an anchor bolt provided in the column support portion of the foundation block body corresponding to the bolt hole. The base unit of claim 5 constructed. 8. A precast concrete foundation unit according to claim 1, wherein a core made of a framework having a steel frame structure integrally supported by an independent foundation is formed, and the core is formed outside the core. A base surrounding the core is formed, a wooden pillar is erected on the foundation, and the pillar and the core are connected by a beam to form a skeleton of the building. How to build a building.