JPH07215289A - Pressure insensitive type regulator of half closed type respiration device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a gas with the pressure higher than a set pressure from feeding to the downstream side resulting from a high pressure gas leaked to the inside owing to a defect of a sealing part and the like, in the regulator of a half closed type respiration device. CONSTITUTION:In the regulator 83 of a half closed type respiration device, a release valve 860 is installed to its housing side wall. When the valve 860 is opened, a pressure setting chamber 837 inside the regulator 83 communicates with an outer side opening chamber 865, and the gas in the pressure setting chamber 837 is discharged to the outer side. Consequently, even though a high pressure gas is leaked and invades into the pressure setting chamber 837, it is exhausted to the outer side by the release valve 860, and the pressure of the regulator 83 is maintained constant constantly. Consequently, a gas with the pressure higher than the set pressure is never fed to the downstream side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a breathing apparatus for diving. More specifically, the present invention regenerates exhaled air collected from a mouthpiece through a carbon dioxide adsorbing device to inhale the regenerated gas and a constant flow rate of new inspiratory gas supplied from a breathing gas cylinder into the mouthpiece. The present invention relates to a non-pressure-sensitive regulator for reducing the pressure of gas from a breathing gas cylinder in a semi-closed breathing apparatus which is configured to be supplied as gas and discharge excess gas to the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A semi-closed breathing apparatus is provided with a regulator for reducing the supply gas from a breathing gas cylinder to a constant pressure and supplying the gas. Generally, the supply gas from the breathing gas cylinder is depressurized to about 9 to 10 kg / square centimeter by the first stage regulator,
After that, the pressure is further reduced by the second stage regulator.

As the first-stage regulator, for example, one having a structure shown in FIG. 4 is used. This regulator 100 is a non-pressure sensitive type regulator, and functions to keep the amount of supply gas constant even if the ambient pressure changes. In this regulator 100, at its end,
A communication chamber 101 is formed which communicates with a valve of a breathing gas cylinder (not shown). The high-pressure gas supplied from the cylinder here passes through a communication passage 105 formed in the Biston rod 104 via an opening / closing valve mechanism 104 composed of a piston valve body 102 and a valve seat 103,
It is supplied to the pressure chamber 106. Pressure chamber 1
06 is partitioned by the piston head 107 and communicates with the second-stage regulator (not shown) side via the low-pressure port 108. Piston head 10
The coil spring 109 is always biased from the back side of the coil 7 with a constant elastic force. An O-ring 110 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the Viston head 107, and is sealed in an airtight state from the pressure setting chamber 111 on the back side of which the coil spring 109 is mounted. Similarly, an O-ring 1 for sealing the pressure setting chamber 111 and the communication passage 105 side in an airtight state also on the outer periphery of the tip end side of the piston rod 104.
12 is attached.

When the valve of the breathing gas cylinder is closed, the piston head 107 has the spring 1 as shown in FIG.
It is pushed to the pressure chamber 106 side by 09 and the on-off valve mechanism 104 is open. When the valve is opened, high-pressure gas enters the communication chamber 101 from the cylinder, and the on-off valve mechanism 10
4. Enter the pressure chamber 106 through the communication passage 105. Here, if the low pressure port 108 is closed, the pressure in the pressure chamber 106 rises. When the pressure rises and reaches the set pressure, the pressure in the pressure chamber pushes the piston head 107 against the spring force toward the pressure setting chamber, and the on-off valve mechanism 1
04 is closed and the supply of high pressure gas is stopped. Low pressure port 10
When the valve 8 is opened, the gas in the pressure chamber 106 is supplied to each part of the apparatus via the gas, so that the pressure in the pressure chamber is lowered. When the pressure falls below the set pressure, the piston head 107 is pushed toward the pressure chamber by the spring force, and the on-off valve mechanism 1
04 is opened, and the supply of high-pressure gas is restarted. In this way, the pressure inside the pressure chamber is always maintained at the set pressure, so that the gas whose pressure has been reduced to the set pressure is supplied to each portion via the low pressure port 108.

[0005]

In such a regulator, a gas having a pressure higher than the set pressure may be supplied from the low pressure port 108 to each part due to the following reasons. That is, when the piston main body 102 and the seat 103 forming the open / close valve mechanism 104 have scratches or the like, or when there is a manufacturing or mounting error or the like, the pressure in the pressure chamber exceeds the set pressure. Also,
The on-off valve mechanism 104 may not be completely blocked, and high-pressure gas may leak into the pressure chamber through this, thereby supplying gas higher than the set pressure.

If the O-rings 110 and 112 are scratched or deformed, or if the inner peripheral surface side where they are in contact is scratched or deformed, the space between them is Since the gas is not completely airtight, the high-pressure gas may leak into the pressure setting chamber 111 via these.
When the high-pressure gas enters the pressure setting chamber, the set pressure will be regulated by the sum of the spring force of the coil spring and the pressure of the gas that has entered the pressure setting chamber, so the set pressure will increase by the amount of the gas pressure. As a result, a gas having a pressure higher than the set pressure is supplied to each part from the low pressure port 108.

In view of such a point, the object of the present invention is to
Another object of the present invention is to propose a semi-closed breathing apparatus regulator that can always supply gas at a set pressure even when gas leakage occurs inside.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a regulator of a semi-closed breathing apparatus for reducing a high pressure gas supplied from a breathing gas cylinder to a preset pressure. A compartment formed in the housing, a piston that is slidably arranged in the compartment and divides the compartment into a pressure chamber and a pressure setting chamber, and a piston formed in a state of penetrating the piston, A communication passage that connects the gas supply side of the breathing gas cylinder to the pressure chamber and the pressure setting chamber are arranged to constantly urge the piston with the elastic force set toward the pressure chamber side. A biasing means, a valve mechanism that closes the communication passage when the piston moves toward the pressure setting chamber by a certain amount against the elastic force, and a pressure inside the pressure setting chamber are set. It is characterized by having a release valve for holding so that less pressure.

[0009]

In the pressure setting chamber, a release valve is attached to prevent the internal pressure from rising. Therefore,
When the high-pressure gas enters the pressure setting chamber and the internal pressure exceeds the set value, the high-pressure gas is released to the outside through the release valve. Therefore, the pressure setting chamber does not become a high pressure, and therefore the set pressure is always maintained at the value defined by the biasing means.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

1 and 2 show the overall construction of the semi-closed breathing apparatus of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1,
The semi-closed breathing apparatus 1 of the present example includes a hollow housing 2, and inside the hollow housing 2, apparatus components described later are incorporated. One side of the hollow housing 2 serves as a back support surface 2a that contacts the back of the diver, and an opening for replacing a breathing gas cylinder is formed in the center of the opposite surface, and a lid 2b is detachably attached thereto. Installed. At the upper end of the hollow housing 2, a carbon dioxide adsorption device built-in container 3 is horizontally attached. This container has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and flexible expiratory tubes 4 and inspiratory tubes 5 are connected to the outer peripheral portions on both sides thereof. The tip ends of the expiratory tube 4 and the inspiratory tube 5 are connected to the mouthpiece unit 6.

With reference to FIG. 2, the main components of the device 1 of the present example and their connection state will be described. As shown in this figure, the respiratory air flow chamber 61 in the mouthpiece unit 6
Communicate with the expiratory tube 4 and the inspiratory tube 5. Exhalation tube 4
The other end of the intake pipe 5 and the other end of the intake pipe 5 communicate with both sides of the cylindrical container 3 in which the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 is incorporated. That is, the carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 having an annular cross section is built in the center of the container 3, and an exhalation passage 31 and an inhalation passage 32 are formed on both sides thereof, respectively. A breathing gas cylinder 8 is vertically arranged in the center of a hollow housing 2 below the container 3 in which a carbon dioxide adsorbing device 7 is built. An air bag 11 is arranged. The exhalation air bag 9 communicates with the exhalation passage 31 of the container 3, and the inhalation air bag 11 communicates with the inhalation passage 32 of the container 3.

The breathing gas cylinder 8 is arranged so that its gas discharge port 81 is located at the lower end, and this gas discharge port 81 is connected to a regulator 83 via an opening / closing valve 82. The regulator 83 is constructed according to the present invention and reduces the gas pressure to about 8 to 9 kilograms / square centimeter. Six gas supply pipes are connected to the regulator 83, three of which are for the residual pressure indicator, the BC jacket, and the octopus (not shown). One of the remaining three gas supply pipes 84 extends into the mouthpiece unit through the intake passage 32 and the intake pipe 5 of the carbon dioxide adsorption device built-in container 3. A flow rate adjusting orifice 84a is inserted at an intermediate position, and the flow rate is adjusted to 4 to 5 liters / minute through the orifice 84a to be supplied into the mouthpiece unit. The other gas supply pipe 85 is a gas supply pipe for purging used for draining water from the mouthpiece unit 6, and extends to the inside of the mouthpiece unit 6 similarly to the gas supply pipe 84 described above. There is. The remaining one gas supply pipe 86 is for supplying intake air in an emergency, and its tip is located in the intake passage 32 of the container 3.

An auto valve mechanism 12 is attached to the end of the carbon dioxide adsorption device built-in container 3 on the intake side. The mechanism 12 controls opening / closing of the gas supply pipe 86 and automatic exhaust gas exhaust control.

The overall gas flow is as follows:
Exhaled air from the mouthpiece 62 of the mouthpiece unit 6 is stored in the expired air bag 9 via the expiratory tube 4 and the expiratory passage 31. At the time of inhalation operation, the exhaled breath stored here is cleaned by removing carbon dioxide gas through the carbon dioxide adsorption device 7 and flows into the intake passage 32. The thus exhaled breath is stored in the inhalation air bag 11 and is supplied into the mouthpiece unit 6 through the inhalation pipe 5 for inhalation. A constant flow rate of new intake gas is constantly introduced into the mouthpiece unit 6 from the cylinder 8 via the gas supply pipe 84, and a mixed gas of these is supplied as the intake gas.

Next, the structure of the regulator 83 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, 831 is a regulator housing, in which a piston 834 composed of a piston head 832 and a piston rod 833 is arranged. A partition chamber 835 formed in the housing is divided into two by the piston head 832, a pressure chamber 836 is formed on the head front surface side, and a pressure setting chamber 837 is formed on the back surface side of the head. Both chambers are airtightly divided by an O-ring 838 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the piston head. In the pressure setting chamber 837, the coil spring 840 is provided between the back surface of the piston head 832 and the spring seat 839 formed in the housing.
Is attached, and the head is biased toward the pressure chamber side. The pressure chamber 836 is connected via the low pressure port 850 to
It communicates with each supply pipe 84, 85, 86 and the like.

The piston rod 833 extends through a through hole 841 formed in the housing, and its tip end side projects into a communication chamber 842 communicating with the gas discharge port 81 side of the breathing gas cylinder. . Piston rod 833
A communication hole 843 is formed in the inside of the container along the axial direction thereof, and the communication hole 843 communicates the pressure chamber 836 with the communication chamber 842. The communication chamber 842 and the pressure setting chamber 837 are hermetically closed by an O-ring 844.

In the communication chamber 842, a valve seat 846 is held by a guide 845 held so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof, and the seat 846 is supported by a seat receiver 847. Here, an annular valve body 848 is formed at the tip of the piston rod 833, and the valve body 848 and the valve seat 84 are formed.
The on-off valve mechanism 849 is constituted by 6 and 6. Normally, the opening / closing valve mechanism 849 is opened, but it is closed when the piston head 832 moves toward the pressure setting chamber 837 against the spring force. A filter 852 supported by a filter retainer 851 is mounted in the communication chamber 842.

Numeral 853 is a yoke, and numeral 854 is a yoke knob attached here. The tip of the yoke 853 is attached to the outer surface of the housing 831.

Here, a release valve 860 is attached to the side wall of the housing 831. This valve 8
60 is a communication chamber 861 that communicates with the pressure setting chamber 837,
It is composed of a valve body 862 arranged therein, a coil spring 863 for biasing the valve body 862, a valve cover 864, and an external communication chamber 865 opened to the outside. Disc 8
The coil spring 863 constantly presses 62 against the seat surface made up of the O-ring 866 to disconnect the communication chamber 861 from the external open chamber 865.

The operation of the regulator 83 having this structure will be described. First, when the gas discharge port 81 is closed, the piston head 832 is urged toward the pressure chamber by the spring force, so that the opening / closing valve mechanism 849 is opened. Further, in the release valve 860, the valve body 862 is caused by the spring force.
The external opening chamber 865 is cut off from the pressure setting chamber 837 side.

When the gas discharge port 81 is opened, the high pressure gas is
Communication chamber 842, open / close valve mechanism 849, communication hole 843
Through the pressure chamber 836. Where low pressure port 8
When the downstream side of 50 is closed, the internal pressure of the pressure chamber 836 rises. When the internal pressure exceeds the set pressure, the piston head 832 is pushed against the spring force and moves toward the pressure setting chamber 837. As a result, the opening / closing valve mechanism 849 is closed and the supply of high pressure gas is stopped. When the downstream side of the low-pressure port 850 opens and the supply of low-pressure gas is started, the pressure in the pressure chamber decreases, so the piston head 832 is pushed toward the pressure chamber by the spring force, and the on-off valve mechanism 849 reopens. The supply of high pressure gas is restarted. By repeating this operation, the gas of the set pressure is supplied from the low pressure port 850 to the supply pipes 84 to 86.
Supplied on the side of.

The operation when the high-pressure gas leaks and the leaked high-pressure gas enters the pressure setting chamber 837 will be described. In this case, the invading gas increases the internal pressure of the pressure setting chamber. When this internal pressure rises above a certain value, the valve body 862 of the release valve 860 is pushed against the spring force by the raised pressure and moves. As a result, the side of the pressure setting chamber 837 and the external open chamber 865 are in communication with each other. Therefore, the gas in the pressure setting chamber is released to the outside through the release valve. When the pressure in the pressure setting chamber drops, the release valve 860 closes again.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the regulator 83 is provided with the release valve 860, even if the high-pressure gas leaks inside the regulator, the regulator operates normally. Therefore, the gas having a pressure higher than the set pressure is not supplied to the supply pipes 84 to 86.

Although this example is an example in which the present invention is applied to a regulator of a semi-closed breathing apparatus, the present invention may be applied to another type of breathing apparatus such as a closed breathing apparatus. Is also possible.

[0027]

As described above, in the present invention, the release bubble is arranged in the regulator of the semi-closed breathing apparatus for reducing the high pressure gas supplied from the breathing gas cylinder to a preset pressure, The high pressure gas leaked in the regulator is discharged to the outside through this. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the adverse effect that the gas higher than the set pressure is supplied to the downstream side of the breathing circuit due to the high pressure gas leaking inside the regulator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a semi-closed breathing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of a semi-closed breathing apparatus.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing a regulator attached to the apparatus of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 3A is a side view thereof and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a conventional regulator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Semi-closed breathing apparatus 8 ... Gas cylinder 83 ... Regulator 831 ... Housing 832 ... Piston head 833 ... Piston rod 834 ... Piston 835 ... Compartment chamber 836 ... -Pressure chamber 837 ... Pressure setting chamber 840 ... Coil spring 842 ... Communication chamber 843 ... Communication hole 849 ... Open / close valve mechanism 850 ... Low pressure port 860 ... Release valve 861 ... -Communication chamber 862 ... Valve body 863 ... Coil spring 864 ... Valve cover 865 ... External open chamber 84, 85, 86 ... Gas supply pipe

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 19, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

[Figure 3]

[Fig. 2]

[Figure 4]

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A non-pressure-sensitive regulator of a semi-closed breathing apparatus for reducing inspiratory gas supplied from a breathing gas cylinder to a preset pressure, and a compartment formed in a regulator housing and the compartment. And a piston partitioning the compartment into a pressure chamber and a pressure setting chamber, and a piston formed so as to penetrate the piston to communicate the gas supply side of the respiratory gas cylinder with the pressure chamber. And a biasing means disposed in the pressure setting chamber for constantly biasing the piston with the elastic force set toward the pressure chamber side, and the piston against the elastic force. Then, a valve mechanism that closes the communication passage when it moves a certain amount toward the pressure setting chamber side, and a release that holds the pressure in the pressure setting chamber below the set pressure A non-pressure-sensitive regulator for a semi-closed breathing apparatus, comprising a valve.