JP2502449Y2 - Circulatory ventilator safety device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety device attached to a circulation type respirator used for diving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in leisure diving, 200
A respirator in which a regulator is connected to a high-pressure air cylinder having an atmospheric pressure of about 10 liters is used.

The breathing apparatus is an open-type breathing apparatus that inhales breathing gas such as oxygen (or a mixed gas containing oxygen like air) sent as inhalation, and exhales exhaled gas exhaled during the subsequent exhalation. And a circulation type respirator for purifying the exhaled gas exhaled as described above by removing CO ₂ from the gas, circulating it as an inspiratory gas, mixing it with a newly-supplied breathing gas, and reusing it. Further, there is an intermediate-type semi-circulatory respirator having these two functions.

Of these respirators, the prepared respiratory gas can be effectively used, and a recirculating respirator that can operate with the same amount of gas for a longer period of time is preferred. Is coming.

This will be described below with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, and a plan view and a front view showing an example of the circulation type respirator. Reference numeral 1 in the figure is a short cylindrical breathing chamber made of resin and having a slightly arcuate shape, and a mouthpiece 2 with a clasp 2A is fixed to the central portion on the concave side thereof. The mouthpiece 2 communicates with the breathing chamber 1 via the passage 1A.
In the figure, a suction side check valve 3 is provided at the left end to block outflow to the left side from the breathing chamber 1 at the time of exhalation, and a breathing side is provided at the right end to block inflow from the right side conduit to the breathing chamber 1 at the time of inhalation A check valve 4 is provided. In addition, an inflow port 5 is formed in the breathing chamber 1,
The breathing chamber 1 is provided with a box-shaped gas supply unit 6 communicating with the inflow port 5.

The gas supply unit 6 has a breathing gas container connection hole 8 connected to the gas supply passage 6a to the breathing chamber 1 on one side surface and a spare gas container fixing hole 9 on the other side surface, both of which are oxygen gas or the like. The tip of the breathing gas container 10 is detachably fixed by a screw-in type or a one-touch fixing mechanism.

The gas container 10 is provided with a main valve (not shown). The breathing gas container 10 is attached to the connection hole 8 and the main valve is opened to open the gas supply passage 6a. Is being introduced.

Further, the supply passage is provided with a flow rate switching valve (not shown) which is provided with several kinds of orifices and which is switched to a predetermined flow rate, and an adjusting knob 11 thereof is provided on the lower surface of the gas supply section 6. It is arranged. This flow rate switching valve is, for example, 0 (off state), 1.0, 1.5,
The flow rate of the breathing gas can be switched in three stages of 2 liters / minute, and the diver can adjust the flow rate appropriately in the water while confirming his / her breathing state. The oxygen consumption of human beings is about 0.5 liter / min under normal pressure under normal conditions.

A check valve 7 is provided on the lower right wall of the breathing chamber 1, and opens only when a flexible tube 12 described later is inflated and the internal pressure of the breathing chamber 1 is higher than the external pressure, and traps mixed water. At the same time, the gas is released to the outside.

One end of a bellows-shaped flexible tube 12 made of flexible synthetic rubber or resin is connected to both ends of the breathing chamber 1, and these tubes 1 are also connected.
A tubular carbon dioxide gas absorption portion 13 is detachably interposed in the middle of the second pipeline, and a ring-shaped pipeline 14 that forms a closed circuit as a whole is configured.

The flexible tube 12 has an internal volume that can be increased or decreased in excess of the user's normal breathing volume.
Thickness, material, wall thickness, bellows shape, etc. are comprehensively determined. Specifically, the internal volume is increased or decreased by about 1 to 2 liters for adults, and about 0.5 to 1 liters for children, within a range that does not cause unpleasant respiratory resistance. Further, the diameter of the ring-shaped conduit 14 is set in a range in which a person's neck is sufficiently passed in normal times, the neck is not tightened during expansion and contraction, and does not slip off the shoulder during expansion.

On the other hand, the carbon dioxide gas absorbing portion 13 is provided in the resin pipe 15 with Ca (O
H) ₂ , Ba (OH) ₂ , KOH, NaOH and the like, a carbon dioxide absorbent 16 (for example, “Balalime” manufactured by Chemetron, “Soda soap” manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is filled, and a waterproof filter is provided so as not to leak. It is sealed with (not shown), and the filling amount is such that the carbon dioxide gas generated by breathing the two gas containers 10 can be almost completely removed.

In order to use the breathing apparatus having the above structure, first, the carbon dioxide gas absorption section 13 and each oxygen gas container 1 are used.
0 is replaced with a new one, and the annular pipe line 14 is put around the neck and the mouthpiece 2 is held. Next, the adjustment knob 11 of the flow rate switching valve is turned to a desired amount of gas for breathing, and after breathing several times,
Enter the water and slowly descend.

When exhaling in this state, the check valve 3 is closed,
The check valve 4 opens and expiratory air flows into the annular conduit 14 together with a part of the breathing gas such as oxygen gas, and the tube 12 swells while part of the breathing gas such as oxygen gas and the expiratory gas are absorbed by the carbon dioxide gas absorption portion 13 The carbon dioxide gas in the exhaled breath is removed by passing through. At this time, when the exhaust amount is large and each tube 12 is completely inflated, the exhaust valve 7 is opened and the excess gas is exhausted.

On the other hand, when the user inhales in reverse, the check valve 3 opens and the check valve 4 closes, and the gas containing oxygen gas from which the carbon dioxide gas has been removed by passing through the carbon dioxide gas absorbing portion 13 is looped. 14 enters the breathing chamber 1 and enters the lungs of the diving person together with the breathing gas from the breathing gas container such as oxygen gas.

By repeating this cycle, it is possible to breathe comfortably as on the ground. Then, before resuming the use of one breathing gas container 10, the left and right gas containers 10 can be replaced on the surface of the water or on land to re-dive. As the circulation type respirator, the one in which the flexible tube 12 which can be expanded and contracted and expanded is used as the circulation ring-shaped duct 14 is exemplified, but instead of the flexible tube 12, a simple rigid ring-shaped tube is provided with a flexible back. The provided one operates similarly.

With this circulation type respirator, even when there is no supply of breathing gas such as oxygen from the gas supply source, breathing is possible, and only when the oxygen partial pressure gradually decreases, do not notice and rush. There is.

Therefore, in such a circulation type respirator,
(A) Oxygen sensor (partial pressure gauge), (b) Residual pressure gauge, (c) Whistle, etc. are used as safety devices to inform the wearer that the breathing gas container 10 has run out of gas and forgets to open the main valve and regulating valve. ing.

The oxygen sensor method (a) constantly measures the oxygen partial pressure in the breathing circuit, and informs the wearer with an alarm sound when the partial pressure falls below a predetermined value.

In the method using a residual pressure gauge (b), the gas pressure in the breathing gas container is measured by a pressure gauge, and the wearer makes a judgment by looking at the display.

In the method using a whistle of (c), a whistle is provided in the portion of the breathing gas container that releases gas, and the wearer is notified by sound that the gas is being supplied. And so on.

[0022]

[Problems to be solved by the device] By the way,
The conventional safety device, gas cutting, opened forgetting the main valve and control valve (hereinafter referred to main valve, etc.), to inform the wearer that the abnormal state is possible, as in the open respirator In contrast to the fact that if you forget to open the main valve, you will not be able to obtain any inspiration. Therefore, it is necessary to use the circulation type respirator in the actual field after conducting training to confirm the safety device and having a certain degree of skill.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to prevent the gas source from being cut off and the main valve not being opened.
By sensing from the fluctuation of the regulated pressure immediately before being supplied into the breathing circuit, and releasing a part of the exhaled gas into the water,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a safety device for a circulation type respiratory device in which even an unskilled person can surely know that it is abnormal.

[0024]

In the safety device according to the present invention, a respiratory gas chamber having an inlet for introducing gas in the respiratory organ is arranged in the middle of a cylindrical outer cylinder forming an outer wall. Then, there are three compartments, a regulated gas chamber having an inlet for introducing a respiratory delivery gas of a predetermined pressure at both ends thereof and a discharge gas chamber provided with a check valve capable of discharging to the outside. formed becomes in and the respiratory together made me partition in the gas chamber and the control gas chamber and a movable valve member walls operating at a pressure difference of the chamber, the respiratory gas chamber with the release gas chamber and the movable valve Partitioned with a partition wall that has a communication port that opens and closes by the operation of the member wall
That was the means to solve the problem.

[0025]

Since the safety device of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, if the pressure of the gas introduced from the breathing gas container to the regulated gas chamber of the safety device through the regulated gas inlet is small,
The closing force of the movable valve member wall 26 that closes the communication port between the respiratory gas chamber and the discharge gas chamber decreases, and the respiratory gas chamber 27
Gas flows into discharge gas chamber 28 from, because it is released from the check valve of the released gas chamber into the water, the abnormal occurs in abnormal or regulator such as a gas container-gas channel of the gas container Is clearly understood.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a respiratory safety device according to the present invention, in which 21 is a cylindrical outer cylinder. A regulated gas inlet 25 is provided at one end of the outer cylinder 21 for introducing a regulated gas regulated to a predetermined pressure by the pressure regulator 23 into the regulated gas chamber 24 from the breathing gas container 22. .

[0027] Intermediate of the outer tube 2 1, for example is partitioned by the movable valve member wall 26 made of a flexible diaphragm, which is closed by the opposite surface and the conditioning gas inlet 25 of the diaphragm 26, respiratory A gas chamber 27 and a discharge gas chamber 28 are provided. Respiratory gas chamber 27
Is released by the partition wall 50 formed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 21.
It is partitioned from the outlet chamber 28. The tip of this partition wall 50
Contacts the movable valve member wall 26 in the normal position, and
The contact surface between the tip of the cut wall 50 and the movable valve member wall 26 is movable.
The communication port 51 is opened and closed by the displacement of the valve member wall 26.
ing. The movable valve member wall 26 is in the normal position as shown in FIG.
In the case of, the tip of the partition wall 50 has the movable valve member wall 26
The communication port 51 is closed in close contact with the respiratory gas chamber 27.
The discharge gas chamber 28 is partitioned. In the respiratory gas chamber 27
When the pressure becomes higher than that in the regulated gas chamber 24, the movable valve member
The wall 26 is recessed toward the adjustment gas inlet 25 side, and the tip of the partition wall 50
The end is separated from the movable valve member wall 26 and communicates as shown in FIG.
The mouth 51 opens and the respiratory gas chamber 27 goes into the discharge gas chamber 28.
The gas is designed to be released.

The respirator gas chamber 27 is provided with a respirator gas inlet 29 through which exhaled air flows, and communicates with a circulation line 30 of a circulation type respirator, and a release gas chamber 28 opens outward. It is opened to the outside via a stop valve 31. 2
Reference numeral 2a is a flow rate regulator for supplying a predetermined flow rate of the breathing gas from the breathing gas container 22 to the circulation conduit 30.

The operation will be described below. FIG. 2 shows an operating state of the safety device of the present invention when the breathing gas is normally supplied to the breathing apparatus. The breathing gas is supplied from the breathing gas container 22 to the pressure regulator 23 at a predetermined constant pressure. West,
Then, the flow rate adjuster 22a determines a desired flow rate and supplies the flow rate to the circulation line 30 of the circulation type respirator. In this state, a part of the respiratory gas, which has been kept at a constant pressure by the pressure regulator 23, is branched and introduced into the regulated gas chamber 24 through the regulated gas inlet 25 of the safety device. The adjusting gas pressurizes the movable valve member wall 26 such as a flexible diaphragm that partitions the adjusting gas chamber 24 and the respiratory gas chamber 27. On the other hand, the respiratory gas chamber 27 of the safety device is connected to the system of the circulation path 30 of the respiratory device via the inlet port 29. In this state
The end of the partition wall 50 is in close contact with the movable valve member wall 26.
The vent 51 is closed, the respiratory gas chamber 27 and the discharge gas chamber 2
8 and is divided. With such arrangement, the user inhales the respiratory gas supplied from the respiratory gas container 22 by the respiratory device.

However, if the breathing gas container 22 runs out of gas, or if the main valve or the pressure regulator is left open or closed, the flow of breathing gas into the regulating gas chamber 24 and the circulation line 30 is stopped, and As shown in FIG. 3, the environmental pressure and the pressure of the regulating gas chamber 24 are equalized, and the pressure acting on the movable valve member wall 26 such as the diaphragm becomes low. Thus pressure of respiratory gas chamber 27 of the safety device during exhalation in the circulation pipe 30 is raised,
The diaphragm 26 is pushed toward the adjusting gas introducing port 25, and as a result, the respiratory gas chamber 27 and the discharge gas chamber 28 are separated from each other.
The tip of the partition wall 50 is separated from the movable valve member wall 26,
The communication port 51 opens, and the respiratory gas chamber 27 and the discharge gas chamber 28
Are communicated with each other, a part of the exhaled air flows into the discharge gas chamber 28, and a part of the exhaled air is discharged into the water through the check valve 31.
Therefore, without a skilled person, it is possible to know the occurrence of abnormalities.

Since the above-mentioned circulation type respirator recirculates and recycles exhaled breath, if expiratory breath is discharged to the outside of the circulation circuit, the inspiratory volume decreases and the wearer has difficulty breathing. In this case, the amount of gas discharged through the check valve 31 can be changed by changing the diameter, hardness, etc. of the check valve 31 and the movable valve member wall 26, and the wearer can use it safely. The range can be selected.

4 and 5, the movable valve member wall 26 uses a check valve 41 instead of the diaphragm, or a check valve 42 using a spring 42a. The operation is the same as that of the diaphragm 26 described above. is there. Also shown in FIGS.
In this example, the check valves 41 and 42 are the same inside the outer cylinder 21.
In contact with the tip of the partition wall 50 formed in a cylindrical shape
Provided on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the partition wall 50 and the inner surface of the outer cylinder 21.
The space between them is the respiratory gas chamber 27, and the inner side of the partition wall 50 is
The release gas chamber 28 communicates with the space on the check valve 31 side.
I have. Even in this case, the amount of gas released from the breathing circuit to the outside can be adjusted by changing the elasticity of the check valve 41 and the strength of the spring 42a. In the above embodiment, the introduction of the regulated gas into the regulated gas chamber 24 of the safety device is
The breathing gas after passing through the pressure regulator 23 was branched and guided from the breathing gas container 22, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the breathing gas is further introduced into the circulation conduit 30 of the breather after the flow regulator 22a. The breathing gas may be branched and guided before the operation, or the breathing gas after the flow rate regulator 22a may be introduced into the regulated gas chamber 24 of the safety device and breathed through the regulated gas chamber 24. It may be supplied to the circulation line 30 of the container.

Next, a safety device was prototyped and tested. The prototype device uses an outer cylinder 21 having an inner diameter of 22 mm,
Attaching the die Ya Fulham 1mm thick as the movable valve member wall 26, and a safety device of the structure of FIG. This device is shown in FIG.
A trial test was conducted in an experimental pool with a depth of 5 m by incorporating it into the circulation type respirator shown in. The set pressure of the check valve 7 of the main body is about 40 during normal breathing (about 15 liters / minute).
cmH ₂ O. On the other hand, the check valve 31 of the present device
The operating pressure was 10 cmH ₂ O during normal breathing.

Using a circulation type respirator incorporating this device, breathing was performed in water, and the operating state in each use state was examined.

(I) Forgetting to open the main valve of the breathing gas container When this device is used, a part of the exhaled air is not checked by the check valve 3 of this device.
It was confirmed that the air was exhausted into the water through No. 1 and bubbles were generated.
A respirator without this device could breathe for about 1 minute (about 10 breaths) when the main valve was closed, but after installing this device, it took about 15 seconds (about 3 breaths). Times)
Was able to breathe.

(Ii) During normal operation During normal breathing when the main valve of the breathing gas container is opened and all regulators are operating normally, even after installing this device, keep this device There was no exhaust into the water through and I was able to breathe normally.

(Iii) At the time of running out of gas In the circulation type respirator in which this device is incorporated, a part of the exhaled air after the running out of gas in the breathing gas container has a check valve 3 of this device.
It was exhausted into the water through 1 and generation of bubbles was confirmed in the water. When this device was not installed, it was possible to breathe for about 3 minutes (about 30 times) after running out of gas, but after installation, it was possible to breathe for about 1 minute (about 10 times). . The regulated pressure of the circulating respirator was about 0.1 kgf / cm ² .

[0038]

As described above, in the safety device according to the present invention, the main valve of the breathing gas container and the regulators of the system are forgotten to be opened, and the respiratory gas is not supplied due to blockage of the system. When the gas for breathing is exhausted, the exhaled gas sent into the respiratory gas chamber flows into the discharge gas chamber, is discharged into the water from the check valve 31 of the safety device, and bubbles are generated. But it can be seen that immediately is abnormal, it is possible to measure without being forced to panic.

Further sensing abnormalities, in addition for ejecting air bubbles in the water, when the gas is moved to the released gas chamber from the respiratory gas chamber, may be performed by generating an alarm sound.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a safety device for a circulating respirator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the safety device of FIG. 1 is normally operating.

[3] the safety device of FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a case that notification of abnormal operating.

FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing another example of the safety device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing still another example of the safety device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a circulation type respirator.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the breathing chamber portion of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Respiratory Chamber 1A Passage 2 Mouthpiece 2A Grip Hold 3 Intake Side Check Valve 4 Expiration Side Check Valve 5 Inlet 6 Gas Supply 6a Gas Supply 7 Check Valve 8 Gas Container Connection Hole 9 Gas Container Fixing Hole 10 Oxygen Gas container (gas container) 11 Control knob 12 Flexible tube 13 Carbon dioxide absorption part 14 Ring pipe 15 Resin pipe 16 Carbon dioxide absorbent 21 Outer cylinder 22 Breathing gas container 22a Flow regulator 23 Pressure regulator 24 Regulation gas chamber 25 Adjusting Gas Inlet 26 Movable Valve Member Wall 27 Respiratory Gas Chamber 28 Discharge Gas Chamber 29 Respiratory Gas Inlet 30 Circulation Pipeline 31 Check Valve 41 Check Valve 42 Check Valve 42a Spring 50 Partition Wall 51 communication port

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Shozo Tanaka, 1-16-7 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nihon Oxygen Co., Ltd. (72) Jin Takahashi 1-16-7 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nippon Oxygen Within the corporation (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 58-36981 (JP, B2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A respirator gas chamber having an inlet for introducing gas in the respirator is provided in the middle of a tubular outer cylinder forming an outer wall, and both ends of the respirator are fed with a predetermined pressure. It forms three compartments, a regulated gas chamber having an inlet for introducing gas and a discharge gas chamber provided with a check valve capable of discharging toward the outside, and regulates the respirator gas chamber. partition Tsu movable valve member walls that operates a gas chamber at a pressure difference of the chamber
Together comprising Te, safety device circulating respiratory characterized by comprising I partition a partition wall having a communication port for opening and closing the discharge gas chamber and the respiratory gas chambers in operation of the movable valve member walls. 2. The safety device for a respirator according to claim 1, wherein the movable valve member wall is a flexible diaphragm. 3. The safety device for a respirator according to claim 1, wherein a valve that closes or communicates with the introduction chamber and the discharge chamber is provided instead of the diaphragm.