JPH07205133A - Clamping and unclamping apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate confirmation of clamping by deciding whether clamping or unclamping of a screw is normally executed or not based on a detection signal of a rotary sensor of a wrench, and outputting a malfunction signal to inform a malfunction when it is not normal. CONSTITUTION:An electric signal is output each time a rotary sensor 156 provided at each wrench 74 is rotated at 360 degrees, and input to a signal processor 164. A load sensor 158 inputs a sense signal to the processor 164 when a pressure of pressure fluid to be supplied to a rotary source 84 of the wrench 74 reaches a predetermined value. The processor 164 decides whether clamping, unclamping of a screw is normal or not based on signals from the sensor 156, 158, a switch 160 and a reference setter 162 for setting reference number of revolutions of the source 84, and outputs a malfunction signal to a driver 166 when it is not normal. An informing unit 168 is driven by the malfunction signal to fire a display lamp. Accordingly, clamping, unclamping of the screw can be easily confirmed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for tightening or loosening a screw member used for tightening a mold for molding secondary concrete products.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a mold for centrifugal force molding of a secondary concrete product, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-49169, each has a semicircular cross-sectional shape and opposite side portions. A pair of halves each having a flange are used. The two halves are fastened by a screw member including a bolt and a nut at each of a plurality of opposed flanges.

One of so-called tightening / releasing devices used for fastening or releasing this type of mold, that is, for fastening or releasing a screw member is described in the above publication. This known fastening / loosening device moves a plurality of fastening / loosening mechanisms, that is, processing mechanisms together with the molds while continuously moving the molds on which the screw members are arranged in one direction. Rotate the screw member. The processing mechanism is advanced one after another along with the movement of the formwork, and after tightening or releasing it,
It is returned to the initial position. In the present invention, the moving direction of the mold is referred to as the front-rear direction, and the horizontal direction that crosses the moving path of the mold at a substantially right angle is referred to as the left-right direction.

Each wrench is moved by the moving mechanism toward the threaded member of the form and engaged with the threaded member while the corresponding processing mechanism is moved together with the form, and then tightens or releases the screwed member. Then, after that, the moving mechanism moves in a direction away from the screw member to release the engagement with the screw member.

However, in the known tightening / loosening device, the tightening or releasing of the screw member is only repeated, so that the screw member cannot be properly tightened or released due to rust of the screw member or the like. was there. If the screw member is not tightened or released properly,
Since it is necessary to manually inspect whether or not the screw member is properly tightened or released after the processing by the tightening / loosening device, the work efficiency becomes low despite the mechanical processing.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily confirm whether or not a screw member is tightened or released properly.

[0007]

SOLUTION: The fastening device of the present invention includes at least one wrench for fastening or loosening a screw member, and an alerting device for detecting and notifying an error of fastening or loosening the screw member by the wrench. .

The notifying device used in the present invention detects the rotation of the wrench and outputs a detection signal, and the screw member is normally tightened or loosened based on the detection signal of the rotation sensor. Whether or not the screw member is tightened or loosened based on the abnormal signal from the signal processing means and the abnormal signal from the signal processing means. And a notifying means for notifying that the operation was not normally performed.

When the wrench is rotated, the screw member is normally tightened or loosened, and the rotation sensor outputs a detection signal. Therefore, when the screw member is normally tightened or loosened, the signal processing means does not output an abnormal signal.

However, if the wrench is not rotated properly,
Since the rotation sensor does not output a detection signal, an abnormal signal is output from the signal processing means, and the indicator lamp, buzzer or the like informs that the screw member has not been normally tightened or loosened. This allows the operator to know that the screw member was not normally tightened or loosened.

According to the present invention, it is determined whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened based on the detection signal of the rotation sensor that detects the rotation of the wrench. It is possible to easily confirm that the member is not normally tightened or loosened.

The signal processing means preferably determines whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened, depending on whether or not the wrench has been rotated for a predetermined time or a predetermined number of times. With this configuration, when the wrench stops during tightening or loosening of the screw member, an abnormal signal is output, so that it is possible to accurately determine whether the screw member is normally tightened or loosened. .

The wrench includes a rotating body releasably engaged with the screw member, and a rotation source for rotating the rotating body. The alarm device further has a load acting on the rotation source reaching a predetermined value. The signal processing means includes a load sensor for detecting that the wrench has been rotated and outputting a detection signal. It is preferable to output a normal signal, which means that the operation was performed normally. By doing so, especially when the screw member is tightened in a predetermined state, the load acting on the rotation source reaches a predetermined value, so that when the wrench idles without being screwed in the predetermined state. In addition, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection that the screw member is tightened in a predetermined state.

The signal processing means properly tightens or loosens the screw member by rotating the wrench for the predetermined time or the predetermined number of times, and then further rotating the wrench for the additional predetermined time or the predetermined number of times. It is preferable to output a normal signal that means that. With this configuration, when the wrench is rotated for a predetermined additional time or a predetermined number of times, the screw member is particularly loosened to a predetermined state, so that the rotation source is idle without being loosened to the predetermined state. In this case, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection that the screw member has been loosened to a predetermined state.

Further, it is preferable to include mode setting means for setting the rotation direction of the wrench. Thereby, the tightening / releasing device can be used by switching between the tightening device of the screw member and the loosening device of the screw member, and the tightening / releasing device is applied to both the right-handed screw member and the left-handed screw member. be able to.

Further, it is preferable to include a reference value setting device for setting the rotation time or the rotation number of the wrench used for the judgment in the signal processing means. Thereby, the reference value of the rotation time or the number of rotations of the wrench can be set according to the type of the screw member, the screwing amount, and the like.

The alarm device further includes a plurality of wrenches that are sequentially moved from the first position to a second position in front of the first position, and the alarm device includes a plurality of the rotation sensors individually corresponding to the wrenches. The means determines, for each wrench, whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened based on the detection signal of each rotation sensor, and outputs an abnormal signal for each wrench. It is preferable to have a plurality of notification units such as an indicator lamp that corresponds to and is driven by the corresponding abnormal signal. As a result, whether the screw member is tightened or loosened can be confirmed for each wrench, and the processing capacity is improved.

Further, a support base for movably supporting the wrench in the moving direction of the mold on which the screw member is arranged, and an engagement mechanism arranged for each wrench, which is releasably engaged with the mold, An engaging mechanism for moving a corresponding wrench forward while following the movement of the mold by receiving a moving force from the mold while being engaged with the mold; It is preferable to include a return mechanism for returning to. As a result, since the wrench reciprocates, there is no fear of twisting the hose or the like for power of the rotation source.

In the preferred embodiment, the fastening device comprises:
It is applied to a device for tightening or loosening a screw member arranged on a formwork. The fastening device is a plurality of processing mechanisms including a wrench that releasably engages with a screw member and rotates the screw member around its axis, and the tightening device includes a wrench from a first position behind a moving direction of the mold. A plurality of processing mechanisms that are sequentially moved to a second position in the front of the moving direction of the wrench in accordance with the movement of the mold, and before each processing mechanism moves from the first position to the second position. A moving mechanism for moving the wrench toward the screw member so as to engage the screw member with the screw member, and a moving mechanism for moving the wrench in a direction away from the screw member so as to release the engagement between the wrench and the screw member, and a processing mechanism. A support table that movably supports in the moving direction of the frame, and an engagement mechanism arranged in each processing mechanism that releasably engages with the mold, and moves from the mold while engaging with the mold. When the force is applied, the corresponding processing mechanism is moved forward by following the movement of the formwork. Including a Rukakarigo mechanism and a return mechanism returning the advance has been the first position is retracted simultaneously wrench. Each wrench includes a rotating body releasably engaged with the screw member and a rotation source for rotating the rotating body. The notification device is provided for each wrench and detects whether or not the corresponding wrench is rotated, and whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened based on the detection signal of the rotation sensor. It is determined for each wrench, and if the wrench is not normally performed, a signal processing unit that outputs an abnormal signal indicating that fact is output for each wrench, and tightening of the screw member based on the abnormal signal from the signal processing unit. A notifying unit for notifying that the loosening has not been normally performed is provided for each wrench.

[0020]

EXAMPLE First, an example of the mechanical portion of the tightening / loosening device will be described. With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the fastening device 10 includes:
It is used as a device for tightening or releasing a plurality of screw members arranged on the flange on one side of the mold 12.

The formwork 12 comprises a pair of half halves 14a, 14b each having a semi-circular cross-sectional shape and having a flange on one side or on both sides, and the flanges are stacked on each other and are horizontal. In this state, it is continuously moved from the right side to the left side in FIGS.

For example, as in the form shown in FIG. 9 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-49169, both halves have flanges on only one side and hinges or the like on the other side. In the case of connected molds, one fastening device may be arranged near the moving path of the mold 12.

However, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-49169.
In the case of the formwork described in FIG. 1 of the publication, in the case of a formwork in which each half body has a flange on each of the side portions and is fastened by a screw member at each flange, It is preferable to dispose the fastening devices opposite to each other with respect to the moving path of the mold 12 and perform the fastening operation of the screw members by the fastening devices or the releasing operation thereof in parallel.

As shown in a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4, the mold 12 has both halves 14a and 14b formed on its flanges 16a and 16a.
It is formed into a cylindrical shape by fastening with a screw member 18 at each of a plurality of 16b, and is divided into a pair of half bodies 14a and 14b again by loosening the screw member 18.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the screw member 1
Reference numeral 8 denotes a bolt of a known fastening device 20 described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-87206, and the flange 16
a and 16b are fixed to the corresponding half halves 14a and 14b, respectively. However, the screw member 18 may be another member such as a nut.

Referring to FIG. 4, the fastening device 20 includes a holding member 22 fixed to the lower surface of the lower flange 16a coaxially with a hole formed in the lower flange 16a, and a holding member 2.
2, a nut 24 that is non-rotatably arranged and screwed with the screw member 18, a stopper 26 that is arranged in the holding member 22 to prevent the nut 24 from falling off the holding member 22, and an upper flange 16b. Is fixed to the upper surface of the upper flange 16b coaxially with the hole formed in the
8, a cylindrical holding member 28 for receiving 8 and a screw member 18
Retaining ring 30 arranged so as to prevent the retaining member 28 from falling off from the holding member 28, and an annular spring bearing 32 arranged between the head of the screw member 18 and the holding member 28.
And a compression coil spring 34 arranged between the holding member 28 and the spring receiver 32.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 3, the tightening and loosening device 1
0 is a support base 40 arranged beside the moving path of the formwork 12.
And a plurality of units that rotate the screw member 18 and are arranged so as to be capable of reciprocating between a first position behind the form frame 12 in the moving direction and a second position ahead thereof. (6 in the example) and engagement mechanisms arranged in each processing mechanism 42 so as to releasably engage with the mold 12 to move the corresponding processing mechanism 42 forward following the mold 12. 44, and a return mechanism 46 for simultaneously moving the advanced processing mechanism 42 from the second position side to the first position side,
And a braking mechanism 48 arranged in each processing mechanism 42 so as to generate a braking force at the end of the movement of the processing mechanism 42.

The support base 40 includes a pair of long bases 52 installed on the floor 50 in parallel with the moving path of the form 12, and both bases 5.
2, a long first movable table 54 that is vertically movable, and a first movable table 54 that horizontally moves across the moving path of the mold 12 (horizontal direction in FIG. 2). A second movable table 56 which is installed so as to support the processing mechanism 42.
With.

The first moving table 54 is moved in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction by a rod 58 extending upward from each end of each base 52 through each end of the first moving table 54. Be blocked. The position of the first moving table 54 in the vertical direction is
It can be adjusted by a plurality of jacks 60 using a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder mechanism or the like.
The height position of the processing mechanism 42 with respect to 2 can be adjusted. The rods 58 that are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are connected by a connecting member 62 at the upper end portion.

The second moving table 56 is movably engaged with a plurality of rails 64 provided on the upper surface of the first moving table 54 so as to extend in the left-right direction. As a result, movement in the up-down direction and the front-back direction is prevented.
The position of the second moving table 56 in the left-right direction can be adjusted by the driving mechanism 66 arranged on the first moving table 54, and thereby the position of the processing mechanism 42 in the left-right direction with respect to the mold 12 is adjusted. be able to. Drive mechanism 66
In the illustrated example, is a screw jack including a drive source such as an electric motor, a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic motor, and a solenoid mechanism.

The second moving table 56 is provided with a pair of guide rails 68 on its upper surface for restricting the movement of the processing mechanism 42 with respect to the second moving table 56. The guide rails 68 extend parallel to the front-rear direction at locations on the upper surface of the second moving table 56 that are spaced apart in the left-right direction. The processing mechanism 42 includes a guide rail 68.
They are sequentially arranged in the direction of the guide rails 68 so that they can move in the same direction one after another. Therefore, the movement ranges of the processing mechanisms adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction largely overlap each other, but are slightly displaced in the front-rear direction.

Referring to FIGS. 3-5, each processing mechanism 42
Is guided by both guide rails 68 and is reciprocally moved in the front-back direction.
A moving body 72 movably arranged in the frame in the vertical direction, a wrench 74 supported by the moving body, and a moving body 72 moved up and down for engaging and releasing the wrench 74 with respect to the screw member 18. A moving mechanism 76 for moving in a direction,
And a cover 78 that protects the moving body 72 and the moving mechanism 76.

The frame 70 is manufactured in the shape of a box opened to the side of the mold 12 by a plurality of plate members connected to each other. The moving body 72 moves from the frame 70 to the moving body 72.
A plurality of rods 80 penetrating through and extending parallel to the upper side prevents movement in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. The rod 80 is connected to the upper wall portion of the cover 78 at the upper end portion. In the illustrated example, the moving mechanism 76 includes a jack such as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder mechanism as a drive source.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the wrench 74 includes a wrench head portion, that is, a rotating body 82 that is releasably engaged with the screw member 18, and a rotation source 84 that rotates the rotating body. In the illustrated example, the rotation source 84 is a pneumatic motor,
Although a motor driven by pressure fluid such as a hydraulic motor is provided, an electric motor may be provided instead of such a motor.

The wrench 74 has a pin 85 extending in the front-rear direction.
It is mounted on the moving body 72 by mounting brackets 86 and 88 which are connected so as to be pivotally movable. Mounting bracket 86
Is attached to the moving body 72 such that the mounting metal fitting 88 projects toward the mold 12 side. As shown in FIG. 6, the wrench 74 has a mounting member 8 such that the output shaft 90 of the rotation source 84 extends downward through a through hole formed in the mounting member 88.
It is attached to 8.

Further, referring to FIG. 4, a pin 92 extending in the front-rear direction is attached to the mounting member 88.
Each end of the pin 92 is movably received along a hole 96 formed in the side wall 94 of the cover 78. The hole 96 has a first portion that extends upward from below and a second portion that gradually retracts from the upper end of the first portion to the side opposite to the form 12.

Therefore, while the pin 92 is being moved through the first portion of the hole 96, the mounting metal fitting 88 has the rotation axes of the wrench 74 and the rotor 82 extending vertically as shown in FIG. The rotating body 82 is maintained at a position corresponding to the moving path of the screw member 18 in the left-right direction. However, while the pin 92 is being moved through the second portion of the hole 96, the mounting member 88 has the rotating body 82 with the screw member 18 as shown in FIG.
It is inclined to retreat from the path of movement.

Referring to FIG. 4, the rotating body 82 has a hexagonal cylindrical recess for non-rotatably receiving the head portion of the screw member 18. The rotating body 82 is non-rotatably and vertically movably supported by an auxiliary member 98 attached to the output shaft 90 of the wrench 74 so as to extend further downward from the rotating shaft, and is arranged on the auxiliary member 98. Compression coil spring 10
It is biased downward by 0.

Referring to FIG. 6, each engagement mechanism 44 includes an engagement piece 102. In the engaging piece 102, the pin 104 extending in the vertical direction allows the engaging portion 102a to move in and out of the movement path of the mold, so that the engaging portion 10 is attached to the frame 70 of the processing mechanism 42.
It is attached at the end opposite to 2a. The engagement piece 102 is pivotally connected to one end of the link piece 106. The other end of the link piece 106 is bendably connected to one end of the link piece 108. The link piece 108 is
A pin 110 extending in the vertical direction is pivotally mounted on the frame 70, and a drive mechanism 112 angularly rotates the pin 110.

In the illustrated example, the drive mechanism 112 includes a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder mechanism as a drive source. The cylinder of this cylinder mechanism is connected to the frame 70, and the piston rod is connected to the link piece 108.

When the drive mechanism 112 is extended, the link pieces 106 and 108 are extended, so that the engagement piece 102 is extended.
The engaging portion 102a of is projected to the moving path of the mold. On the other hand, when the drive mechanism 112 is contracted, the link piece 10
By bending 6 and 108, the engaging portion 102a of the engaging piece 102 is retracted from the movement path of the mold.

The engaging portion 102a of the engaging piece 102 engages with a predetermined portion of the mold in a state where it is projected into the moving path of the mold, whereby the engaging mechanism 46 follows the mold. As a result, the processing mechanism 42 also moves forward following the formwork. The portion where the engaging portion 102a engages is the mold 12
It is possible to use the protrusion provided on the screw member 18, the screw member 18 itself, the fastening device 20 shown in FIG. 4, and the like. In the example shown in FIG.
The engagement portion 102 a engages with the holding member 22 of the fastening device 20.

When the link pieces 106 and 108 are bent, the engaging portion 102a projects into the moving path of the mold, and when the link pieces 106 and 108 are extended, the engaging portion 102a.
May be retracted from the moving path of the form.

Each engaging mechanism 44 further includes a processing mechanism 42.
The frame 70 includes a pair of slide shafts 114 arranged so as to be reciprocally movable in the front-rear direction. Both slide shafts 114
The front end portions and the rear end portions thereof are connected by connecting members 116 and 118, respectively. Both slide shafts 114 are biased by a spring 120 so that most of them are projected forward from the frame 70.

The connecting member 118 is provided with a link piece 1 when most of both slide shafts 114 are retracted into the frame 70.
It is engaged with the link piece 108 so as to forcibly bend the link pieces 106 and 108 by pushing 08 backward. Therefore, when most of the slide shafts 114 are retracted into the frame 70, the link pieces 106 and 108 are pushed and bent by the connecting member, which causes the engaging portion 10 to move.
2a is forced to retreat from the moving path of the formwork.

Further referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the return mechanism 46 is guided by both guide rails 68 and is arranged on the second moving table 56 so as to be reciprocally movable in the front-rear direction.
22 and a drive mechanism 124 for forcibly moving the slider 122 in the front-back direction. The slider 122 includes the processing mechanism 42 arranged in the frontmost part in front of the processing mechanism 42 arranged in the frontmost part and the connecting member 1 arranged in the processing mechanism 42 arranged in the frontmost part.
It is arranged so as to be able to contact with 16.

In the illustrated example, the drive mechanism 124 includes a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder mechanism as a drive source. The slider 122 is moved forward when the drive mechanism 124 is extended, and is moved backward when the drive mechanism 124 is contracted. The slider 122 has an abutment portion 126 that abuts the foremost processing mechanism 42 when it is moved rearward. Therefore, when the drive mechanism 124 is contracted, it is moved rearward to move the frontmost processing mechanism 42 rearward, and as a result, the processing mechanism 42 is brought into contact with the rearward processing mechanism 42 one after another. The processing mechanism 42 is simultaneously moved backward.

As shown in FIG. 4, the braking mechanism 48 includes a drive mechanism 130, a rod-shaped pusher 132 that is vertically moved by the drive mechanism, and a brake pad 134 attached to the lower surface of the pusher. Prepare In the illustrated example, the drive mechanism 130 is an expansion / contraction mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a pneumatic cylinder mechanism, a solenoid mechanism, etc. as a drive source, and the expansion / contraction direction is a vertical direction.
It is attached to the upper wall of the frame 70. The pusher 132 slidably penetrates the collar 136 attached to the lower wall portion of the frame 70, and is connected to the drive shaft of the drive mechanism 130 at the upper end portion.

The pusher 132 is normally displaced upward by a spring (not shown). However, when the corresponding processing mechanism 42 is stopped, the brake pad 134 is pressed against the brake rail 138 attached to the first moving table 56 by being pushed down by the drive mechanism 130.

With further reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the fastening device 10 further includes the frontmost processing mechanism 42 in front of it when the frontmost processing mechanism 42 is moved to the second position. When the plurality of shock absorbers 140 attached to the slider 122 of the return mechanism 46 so as to be contactable and the rearmost processing mechanism 42 are moved to the first position, the rearmost processing mechanism 42 can contact at the rear surface. And a plurality of shock absorbers 142 attached to the second moving table 56. Shock absorber 1
42 is attached to the second moving table 56 by a mounting plate 144.

The shock absorbers 140 and 142 are for reducing shock and noise when the processing mechanism comes into contact. Therefore, the shock absorbers 140 and 142 may be provided in the processing mechanism 42. In addition, the second moving table 56 and the returning mechanism 4
Depending on the shape of 6, the shock absorber 140 may be provided on the second moving table 56, and the shock absorber 142 may be provided on the return mechanism 46. Further, a similar buffer is installed in the adjacent processing mechanism 4
When one of the two adjacent processing mechanisms 42 approaches, the other of the adjacent processing mechanisms 42 may come into contact with the other.

At the time of standby, each processing mechanism 42 has the first operation shown in FIG.
Of the slider 12 of the return mechanism 46.
2 has been moved to the frontmost position. Fastening device 10
Are controlled by a control device (not shown).

When the first screw member 18 reaches a predetermined position along with the movement of the mold 12, first, the drive mechanism 112 of the engagement mechanism 44 of the frontmost processing mechanism 42 is driven. As a result, the engaging portion 102a of the engaging piece 102 of the engaging mechanism 44 is projected into the moving path of the mold 12, and the mold 12
Since it engages with a predetermined part of the
While being positioned with respect to the screw member 18 by the engaging mechanism 44, is moved forward following the movement of the mold 12.

During this time, when the second screw member 18 reaches the predetermined position, the drive mechanism 112 of the engagement mechanism 44 of the second processing mechanism 42 is driven, and the second processing mechanism 42 is moved to the first processing mechanism 42. Similarly to the above, the mold 12 is moved forward following the movement. Hereinafter, every time the screw member 18 reaches a predetermined position, the processing mechanism 42 is advanced following the movement of the mold 12.

The arrival of the screw member 18 at a predetermined position can be detected by, for example, a sensor provided for each processing mechanism 42. A reed switch, a proximity switch, an optical sensor, or the like can be used as the sensor. It is preferable that the height position of the sensed portion of the mold 12 sensed by the sensor has a different value for each processing mechanism 42.

While each processing mechanism 42 moves from the first position to the second position, the rotating body 82 is rotated by the rotation source 84 for a predetermined time or number of times, while the moving body 72 and the wrench 74 are being rotated. Is moved by the moving mechanism 76 to tighten or release the screw member 18, and then the rotation of the rotating body 82 is stopped and the moving body 72 is moved up to move the moving body 72 and the wrench 74 to the initial position. Perform the work to return.

The rotating direction of the rotating body 82 differs depending on whether the tightening / loosening device 10 is for tightening or releasing tightening, and also depending on whether the screw member 18 is a right-hand screw or a left-hand screw. . The start time of rotation and descent of each wrench may be when the wrench starts to move forward, when it is sensed by the sensor, or after a predetermined time has passed from either of them.

When each processing mechanism 42 reaches the vicinity of the second position, the engaging portion 102a of the engaging mechanism 44 is retracted from the moving path of the form, and then the driving mechanism 130 of the braking mechanism 48 is driven. By doing so, it is stopped at the second position. Therefore, the stop of each processing mechanism 42 becomes smooth. Engagement part 1
02a is retracted from the moving path of the mold by the drive mechanism 112. However, even if the engaging portion 102a is not retracted from the movement path of the mold, the engaging portion 102a is retracted by the contact portion 126 of the slider 122 or the previous processing mechanism 42. , Is reliably retracted from the moving path of the formwork 12.

When all the processing mechanisms 42 are moved to the second position, the driving mechanism 124 of the returning mechanism 46 is contracted, so that all the processing mechanisms 42 are collectively returned to the first position. Each processing mechanism 42 is smoothly stopped by the braking mechanism 48 even when returned to the first position.

The above steps are repeated until all the screw members 18 are tightened or released.

According to the tightening / loosening device 10, the plurality of processing mechanisms 42 can be reciprocally moved to stop or tighten the screw members 18 without stopping the mold 12, resulting in a large installation space. Unnecessary, rotation source 84
The hose 146 (see FIG. 4) for the pressure fluid supplied to the device is not twisted, and the device is small and simple.

Further, since the processing mechanism 42 is advanced while being positioned with respect to the screw member 18 by the engagement mechanism 44 engaging with the mold 12, the moving state of the processing mechanism 42 is the same as that of the screw member 18. It changes following the changes in the arrangement pitch, the moving speed of the mold 12, and the like, and therefore can be commonly used for various forms having different arrangement pitches of the screw members 18, moving speed of the mold, and the like.

As with the tightening / loosening device 10, the wrench 74
When the rotating body 82 is rotated by the rotating source 84 such as a motor, the impact, vibration and noise are smaller than those in the case where a rotating mechanism that generates a rotating force by impact such as an impact wrench is used.

Next, an embodiment of the error notification device will be described. With reference to FIG. 7, the tightening / releasing device further includes a notification device 150 for indicating, for each wrench, that the screw member has not been properly tightened or unfastened.

A pressure fluid such as compressed air from a pressure fluid source 152 such as a compressor is supplied to each wrench 74 by a hose 146. The pressure fluid supplied to each wrench 74 is supplied to the rotation source 84 via the electromagnetic valve 154. The rotation source 84 has a motor that is rotated by pressure fluid, such as an air motor or a hydraulic motor. The solenoid valve 154 also has a switching function including a forward rotation side for rotating the rotation source 84 in the forward direction and a reverse rotation side for rotating the rotation source 84 in the reverse direction.

The notification device 150 includes a plurality of rotation sensors 156 for detecting the rotation of the wrench 74, and a rotation source 8.
A plurality of load sensors 158 for detecting that the load acting on the No. 4 has reached a predetermined value, a mode setting switch 160 for setting an operation mode of the wrench, and a reference value setter for setting a reference rotation time and a reference rotation speed. 162, and a signal processing circuit 16 for determining whether the screw member is tightened or loosened for each wrench.
4, a driver 166 that receives an abnormal signal output from the signal processing circuit, and an alarm 168 driven by the driver.

The rotation sensor 156 is provided for each wrench 74, and each time the corresponding wrench 74 rotates a predetermined angle, preferably 360 degrees, an electric signal to that effect is sent to the signal processing circuit 164 as a detection signal. Supply. In the illustrated example, the rotation sensor 156 detects that the rotation source 84 has been rotated, but may detect that the rotating body 82 shown in FIG. 5 has been rotated. As the rotation sensor, for example, a known photoelectric switch commercially available as a rotary encoder can be used.

In the illustrated example, the load sensor 158 is a fluid sensor for detecting that the pressure of the pressure fluid supplied to the rotation source 84 has reached a predetermined value, and is provided for each wrench 74. The load sensor 158 receives the pressure of the pressure fluid supplied to the rotation source 84 of the controlled wrench while the solenoid valve 154 of the controlled wrench is open, and the load sensor 158 reaches a predetermined value by A sense signal indicating that is supplied to the signal processing circuit 164.

As such a load sensor 158, a pressure switch that opens or closes when a predetermined pressure acts and outputs a sensing signal indicating that, a pressure sensor that generates an electric signal corresponding to the acting pressure is used. When the electric signal reaches a predetermined value, a pressure detector or the like using a comparison circuit that outputs a sensing signal indicating that the electric signal has reached a predetermined value. A device that indirectly receives and outputs the sensing signal directly or indirectly can be used.

The mode setting switch 160 is a wrench 74.
As a result, it is a switch for designating the rotation direction of the rotation source 84 and the rotating body, and by this, it is possible to designate in which mode the tightening device is used for tightening or releasing it, and the tightening device is It is possible to set which screw member to use for the right-hand thread or the left-hand thread.

The reference value setter 162 sets the reference rotation time and the reference rotation speed of the wrench 74, and thus the rotation source 84 and the rotating body. The reference rotation time and the reference rotation speed are values for tightening and releasing the screw member with a wrench, and are used in the signal processing circuit 164 to determine whether the screw member is properly tightened or released. To be The reference rotation time and the reference rotation speed can be changed according to the operation mode of the tightening / loosening device, the type of screw member, the screwing amount, and the like, but may be fixed.

The signal processing circuit 164 is provided for each rotation sensor 15
6. Based on the signals from the load sensors 158, the switches 160, and the setting devices 162, it is determined for each wrench whether the screw members are normally tightened or released,
When the operation is not normally performed, an abnormal signal indicating that is output to the driver 166 for each wrench.

When the abnormal signal is supplied, the driver 166 drives the alarm 168 according to the abnormal signal. The alarm device 168 includes an indicator light provided for each wrench and a buzzer commonly used by the wrenches.

In the illustrated example, the signal processing circuit 164 also serves as the control circuit of the tightening / loosening device. Therefore, various control signals such as a drive command signal and a stop command signal are sent to each wrench, each drive mechanism, and the like. Output to the device. However, the signal processing circuit 1
64 and the control circuit of the fastening device may be separately provided. In this case, the mode designating signal, the reference value of the rotation time and the rotation speed may be supplied from the control circuit of the tightening device to the signal processing circuit 164.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, the signal processing circuit 16
The operation for tightening the screw member by 4 will be described.

When the switch 160 is set to the tightening mode for tightening the screw member, the signal processing circuit 164 operates as follows.
First, the forward rotation start command is output to the wrench (step 20).
1). As a result, the normal side of the solenoid valve 154 of the wrench is opened, so that the rotation source 84 of the wrench is normally rotated to tighten the screw member (hereinafter, simply referred to as “tightening”). The wrench sensor 1
The detection signals of 56 and 158 are supplied to the signal processing circuit 164.

Next, the signal processing circuit 164 determines whether or not the wrench is normally rotated (step 202). This determination can be performed using the output signal of rotation sensor 156, for example. If the wrench is not rotated normally, the signal processing circuit 164 returns to step 201.

However, as a result of the determination in step 202, if the wrench is normally rotated, the signal processing circuit 164.
Waits for the reference rotation time set in the setter 162 (step 203). During this time, tightening with a wrench is performed. The reference rotation time in the tightening mode is a value at which tightening is completed, and is, for example, 0.
It can be 3 seconds.

Next, the signal processing circuit 164 determines whether or not the wrench has stopped (step 204). As a result of this determination, if the wrench is stopped, it means that the wrench has stopped before the time for sufficient tightening has elapsed, so the signal processing circuit 164 outputs an abnormal signal to the driver 166 (step 205), driver 1
By 66, the buzzer of the alarm 168 is sounded and the indicator lamp corresponding to the abnormal signal is turned on (step 206).

However, if the result of determination in step 204 is that the wrench is rotating, it means that the wrench has continued to rotate for a sufficient time for tightening, so the signal processing circuit 164 determines that the load acting on the rotation source, that is, the load. Load sensor 8
It is determined whether or not an ON signal, which means that the pressure of the fluid acting on No. 4 has reached a predetermined value, is supplied from the load sensor 84 (step 207).

The determination in step 207 utilizes the fact that when the screw member is tightened in a predetermined state, the load on the rotation source 84 increases and the pressure of the pressure fluid supplied to the rotation source 84 increases. It is to determine whether or not the member is sufficiently tightened. Therefore, step 207 can be executed by confirming whether the load sensor 84 outputs the ON signal or the OFF signal as the sensing signal.

If the load sensor 84 outputs the OFF signal as a result of the determination in step 207, it means that the screw member is not sufficiently tightened, and therefore the signal processing circuit 164 returns to step 204.

When the wrench is stopped in the state of returning from step 207 to step 204, the screw member is not sufficiently tightened even though the wrench has rotated for a time sufficient for tightening the screw member. It means that the wrench has stopped. Therefore, in such a case, the signal processing circuit 164 causes the steps 205 and 206.
To execute.

If the load sensor 84 outputs the ON signal as a result of the determination in step 206, it means that the screw member is sufficiently tightened, and therefore the signal processing circuit 164 outputs the normal signal (step 208). ).

Next, referring to FIG. 9, the signal processing circuit 16
The operation for releasing the tightening of the screw member by 4 will be described.

When the switch 160 is set to the loosening mode for releasing the tightening of the screw member, the signal processing circuit 1
The 64 first outputs a reverse rotation start command to the wrench (step 211). This allows the solenoid valve 154 of the wrench to
Is opened to the reverse side, the rotation source 84 of the wrench is reversely rotated to release the tightening of the screw member (hereinafter, simply referred to as “unfastening”) and to detect the sensors 156 and 158. The signal is a signal processing circuit 164.
Is supplied to.

Next, the signal processing circuit 164 determines whether or not the wrench is reversed (step 212). This determination can be performed using the output signal of rotation sensor 156, for example. If the wrench has not been reversed, the signal processing circuit 164 returns to step 211.

However, if the result of determination in step 212 is that the wrench has been reversed, the signal processing circuit 164
Waits for another reference rotation time set in the setter 162 (step 213). During this time, the tightening is released with a wrench. The reference rotation time in the loosening mode is a value sufficient to complete the release of tightening, and can be, for example, 1 second.

Next, the signal processing circuit 164 determines whether or not the wrench has stopped (step 214). As a result of this determination, if the wrench is stopped, it means that the wrench has stopped before the time for securely releasing the tightening has elapsed. Therefore, the signal processing circuit 164 outputs an abnormal signal to the driver 166 ( In step 215), the driver 166 causes the buzzer of the alarm device 168 to sound and the indicator lamp corresponding to the abnormal signal is turned on (step 216).

However, if the result of determination in step 214 is that the wrench is rotating, it means that the wrench has continued to rotate for a time sufficient to release the tightening. Therefore, the signal processing circuit 164 determines that the actual rotation speed of the wrench. Determines whether or not the reference number of revolutions set in the setter 162 has been reached (step 217). The reference speed used in step 217 is
It is a value at which the screw engagement between the male screw portion and the female screw portion is completely released.

When the screw member is loosened to a predetermined state, the load on the rotation source 84 decreases and the pressure of the pressure fluid supplied to the rotation source 84 decreases, so the load sensor 84 is turned on.
The determination in step 217 may be made by checking whether a signal is output or an OFF signal is output.

If the result of determination in step 217 is that the reference number of revolutions has not been reached, it means that the screw member has not been sufficiently loosened, and therefore the signal processing circuit 164 returns to step 214.

When the wrench is stopped in the state of returning from step 217 to step 214, it means that the wrench has stopped without sufficiently loosening the screw member. Therefore, the signal processing circuit 164 causes the signal processing circuit 164 to stop the steps 215 and 216. To execute.

If the result of determination in step 216 is that the reference number of revolutions has been reached, this means that the screw member has been loosened sufficiently, so the signal processing circuit 164 outputs a normal signal (step 218).

The steps shown in FIG. 8 and FIG.
It is performed for each wrench in synchronization with the operation of each device of 0.
In particular, steps 201 and 211 are performed in synchronization with the lowering of the wrench. Steps 201 and 211 are
For example, it can be detected that the movement of the wrench has started, and can be executed from that time. Instead of using the reference rotation time, the reference rotation speed may be used for the determination in steps 203 and 213.

When the above steps for all the wrenches are completed, the signal processing circuit 164 returns to the initial state and waits for tightening or releasing the next plurality of screw members of the same number as the number of wrenches.

However, when it is notified that there is an abnormality,
It is preferable that the signal processing circuit 164 stop the movement of the formwork at the time when the tightening or releasing of the same number of screw members as the number of wrenches is completed. Thereby, the worker can repair, replace, or manually tighten or release the screw member that is insufficiently tightened or insufficiently released.

The present invention can be applied to any of a device for exclusive use of tightening, a device for exclusive use of releasing tightening, and a device for both tightening and releasing thereof. In addition, when the load sensor is not used, another mechanism such as an electric motor may be used as the rotation source 84. Furthermore, the drive mechanisms 66, 112, 124,
130 and the moving mechanism 76 may be a mechanism provided with another drive source.

In the above-described embodiment, the load acting on the rotation source is detected by detecting the pressure of the pressure fluid acting on the rotation source with the load sensor, but the load acting on the rotation source is detected by other means such as a load cell. It may be detected by the load sensor of. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied not only to a device that reciprocates a wrench, but also to a device that circulates a wrench along a closed loop.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a fastening / loosening device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fastening and loosening device shown in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a wrench.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotating body and a screw member.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an engagement mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electric circuit showing an embodiment of the notification device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the notification device in the tightening mode.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the notification device in the loosening mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Closing Device 12 Form Frame 18 Screw Member 20 Fastening Device 40 Support Base 42 Processing Mechanism 44 Engaging Mechanism 46 Returning Mechanism 48 Braking Mechanism 74 Wrench 82 Rotating Body 84 Rotating Source 154 Solenoid Valve 160 Mode Setting Switch 162 Reference Value Setting Device

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An at least one wrench for tightening or loosening a screw member, and an alarm device for detecting and notifying an error of tightening or loosening the screw member by the wrench, wherein the alarm device is configured to rotate the wrench. When a rotation sensor that detects that the screw member is output and a detection signal is output, and based on the detection signal of the rotation sensor, whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened is determined. A signal processing means for outputting an abnormal signal to that effect, and an informing means for informing that the tightening or loosening of the screw member is not normally performed based on the abnormal signal from the signal processing means. A tightening and loosening device. 2. The signal processing means according to claim 1, wherein whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened is determined by whether or not the wrench is rotated for a predetermined time or a predetermined number of times. Tightening device. 3. The wrench includes a rotating body releasably engaged with a screw member, and a rotation source for rotating the rotating body, and the notification device further includes a load acting on the rotation source. A load sensor that detects that a predetermined value has been reached and outputs a detection signal is provided, and the signal processing means is based on the detection signal of the load sensor after the wrench has been rotated for the predetermined time or the predetermined number of times. The tightening / loosening device according to claim 2, which outputs a normal signal indicating that the screw member is normally tightened or loosened. 4. The signal processing means tightens or loosens the screw member by rotating the wrench for the predetermined time or the predetermined number of times and then further rotating the wrench for an additional predetermined time or the predetermined number of times. The fastening device according to claim 2 or 3, which outputs a normal signal meaning that the operation was performed normally. 5. The tightening / loosening device according to claim 1, further comprising mode setting means for setting a rotation direction of the wrench. 6. The tightening / loosening device according to claim 1, further comprising a reference value setting device that sets a rotation time or a rotation frequency of the wrench used for determination in the signal processing means. 7. A plurality of the wrenches sequentially moved from a first position to a second position in front of the first position,
The notification device includes a plurality of rotation sensors individually associated with the wrench, and the signal processing means determines whether or not the screw member is normally tightened or loosened based on a detection signal of each rotation sensor. 7. For each wrench, the abnormality signal is output for each wrench, and the notifying unit has a plurality of notifying units individually corresponding to the wrench and driven by the corresponding abnormality signals. One of
The tightening and loosening device as described in the paragraph. 8. A support base for movably supporting the wrench in a moving direction of a mold on which the screw member is arranged, and an engagement mechanism arranged for each wrench, which is released to the mold. An engaging mechanism that engages as much as possible and receives a moving force from the mold while it is engaged with the mold to move a corresponding wrench forward by following the movement of the mold; and an advanced wrench. The fastening device according to claim 7, further comprising a return mechanism that is simultaneously retracted and returned to the first position.