JPH07189951A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure a quantity of oil according to a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between a fixed and a turning spiral blade so as to enhance a sealing property of spaces in the radial direction by forming, of a large and a small hole, oil introducing holes with respect to compression chambers defined by the fixed and the turning spiral blade. CONSTITUTION:A compressor mechanism 2 and an electric motor 3 for driving the mechanism 2 are housed inside a closed container 1. The compressor mechanism 2 comprises a fixed spiral blade part 10 and a turning spiral blade part 30 for defining a compression space 14 in engagement with the part 10. A flat plate part 24 is provided with a flat surface 23 for limiting axial movement of the turning spiral blade part 13 and a slide partition ring 25 for partitiuning a pressure to be imparted on a mirror plate back surface 20. Lubricating oil is supplied to the slide partition ring 25 from an oil supply mechanism 2 through a through-hole 27 formed inside a crankshaft 6. A large and a small introducing hole 28a, 28b both communicated with the compression space 14 are formed on the turning spiral blade part 13. Consequently, it is possible to secure a quantity of oil according to a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the blade parts 10, 13.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealing technique for reducing leakage between blades of a scroll compressor and improving its performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, scroll compressors often have a structure in which a swirling spiral vane component is made of aluminum or the like to reduce its load due to centrifugal force in order to achieve high speed. However, these generally have a large coefficient of thermal expansion, and in actual operation, the gap in the compression work space formed by the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component increases as the temperature rises, increasing leakage and increasing the compressor. Will significantly reduce the efficiency of.

[0003] Further, there is a device which is provided with a tip seal to prevent an increase in the gap in the axial direction of the blade,
It has no effect on radial gaps. Further, in a structure in which a liquid compression avoidance mechanism, which is a compressor protection mechanism, etc., is provided in the axial direction of the spiral vane component, is the tip seal not provided?
Alternatively, it needs to be provided only on one of the spiral blades. However, with these structures, the seal against the leakage from the tip of the blade is not sufficient and the efficiency of the compressor is greatly reduced. Therefore, some methods of injecting oil have been proposed in order to reduce these gap leaks.

As a conventional example of this, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-19768.
There is one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9 (scroll compressor), and this configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, inside the closed container 101,
Stator 104 of electric motor 103 that drives compression mechanism 102
Is fixed, and a crankshaft 106 that drives the compression mechanism 102 is coupled to a rotor 105 of the electric motor 103. The compression mechanism 102 includes a fixed spiral vane component 107 that forms a compression element, both spiral vane components of a swirling spiral vane component 108, and a rotation restraint component 109 that prevents the swirling spiral vane component 108 from rotating and only performs swirling. It is composed of a crankshaft 106 that drives these and a bearing component 110 that supports the crankshaft.

The inside of the closed container 101 is of a high pressure system in which a discharge pressure atmosphere is created. Reference numeral 111 is an introduction pipe for introducing the oil accumulated below in the closed container 101 into the compression mechanism 102, and a compression space 112 via a fixed spiral vane component 107.
Is configured to communicate with.

[0007]

However, the conventional technique as described above has the following problems. When the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component are made of different metals, when the temperature rises during operation, the radial gap between the two compression chambers formed by both spiral vanes is increased due to the difference in their thermal expansion coefficients. It will be different. Therefore,
The amount of sealing oil required in the two compression chambers will also be different. However, with the conventional technology, it is difficult to supply different appropriate amounts of oil to the two compression chambers,
Leakage in the radial direction reduced the performance of the compressor.

When a tip seal is provided at the tip of either the fixed spiral blade or the swirl spiral blade,
The amount of oil leaking from the tip of the spiral vane between the two compression chambers is different, and therefore the amount of oil required for sealing is different between the two compression chambers.

However, with the conventional technique, it is difficult to supply different appropriate amounts of oil to the two compression chambers,
Axial leaks have reduced compressor performance.

Further, in the conventional technique, it is difficult to control the oil for sealing supplied to the compression chamber in a wide range, and the oil is deficient or excessive, and the performance of the compressor is significantly deteriorated.

When a plurality of communication holes are provided, different sizes, positions and diaphragm mechanisms have to be provided.

[0012]

The first technical means of the present invention for solving the problems of the conventional scroll compressor described above is an electric motor inside a hermetically sealed container, and a compression driven by the electric motor. And a swirling spiral blade part having a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than the fixed swirl blade part, in which a fixed spiral swirl blade part and a swirl swirl blade part are formed on a swirl end plate. Rotation restraint parts that prevent only the rotation and perform only the rotation, a crankshaft that drives the swirl spiral blade parts to rotate, and a bearing part that has a main bearing that supports a main shaft formed on the crankshaft. A swivel drive engagement portion that engages with an eccentric drive engagement portion provided on the crankshaft to swivel and drive the swirl spiral blade component on the rear surface of the swirl end plate opposite to the swirl spiral blade; Previous A sliding partition ring for partitioning the pressure applied to the back surface of the turning mirror plate outside the turning drive engagement portion on the back surface of the end plate into a discharge pressure applied to the central portion and a pressure lower than the discharge pressure applied to the outer periphery of the back surface of the end plate. The swirling spiral blade part is provided with an introduction hole for introducing oil introduced into the sliding partition ring into the two compression chambers constituted by the spiral blade part, or an introduction hole through a throttle mechanism. In addition, the introduction hole of oil to the compression chamber formed by the inner wall of the swirl spiral vane and the outer wall of the fixed spiral vane is larger than the introduction hole to the other compression chamber, or the throttle mechanism is smaller. That is.

As a second technical means, a tip seal is provided at the tip of one of the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component, and the two compression chambers formed by the both spiral vanes are provided. Inside, the size of the oil introduction hole into the compression chamber on the side formed by the outer wall of the spiral vane equipped with the tip seal and the inner wall of the other spiral vane is smaller than that of the other compression chamber. Alternatively, the aperture mechanism is made larger.

As a third technical means, an oil introduction hole to the compression chamber provided in the swirl end plate is closed by the sliding partition ring for a certain period in accordance with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral vane component, The sliding partition ring was opened in a certain section.

Further, a plurality of introducing holes for introducing the oil supplied to the inside of the sliding partition ring into the compression chamber are provided in the swivel end plate, and the introducing holes are provided inward of the sliding partition ring. An opening is provided at a position where the sliding partition ring closes a certain section and opens the certain section in accordance with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade component, and the plurality of introduction holes make the certain section different.

[0016]

According to the present invention, by adopting the above configuration, a large amount of oil is provided to the compression chamber on the side where the radial clearance increases due to thermal expansion when the temperature rises during operation, and a small amount of oil is provided to the other compression chamber side. Is supplied to each of the two compression chambers, which makes it possible to control a different appropriate amount of oil. As a result, leakage from the radial gap of the spiral blade is reduced, and overheating due to high temperature oil is reduced, so that the performance of the compressor can be improved.

Further, a tip seal is provided at the tip of one of the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component, and a tip seal is provided in the two compression chambers formed by the both spiral vane components. The size of the oil introduction hole to the compression chamber on the side formed by the outer wall of the spiral blade and the inner wall of the other spiral blade is smaller than the size of the introduction hole to the other compression chamber, or the size of the throttle mechanism is large. As a result, a large amount of sealing oil is supplied to the compression chamber side, and the amount of leakage from the tip of the spiral blade without the tip seal is reduced. That is, the leakage of the spiral blades in the axial direction is reduced, and the performance of the compressor can be improved.

Further, the oil introduction hole to the compression chamber provided in the swivel end plate is closed by the sliding partition ring in a certain section along with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral vane component, and the sliding partition ring in the certain section. By opening inward, it is possible to control the amount of sealing oil to the compression chamber in a wide range with a simple structure and reduce leakage and loss due to heat reception.
The performance of the compressor can be improved.

Further, a plurality of introducing holes for introducing the oil supplied to the inside of the sliding partition ring into the compression chamber are provided in the swivel end plate, and the introducing holes are provided inward of the sliding partition ring. The opening is provided at a position where the sliding partition ring closes a certain section and opens the certain section in accordance with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade component, and the plurality of introduction holes make the certain section different. With a simple structure, it is possible to control the sealing oil to the compression chamber over a wide range, and since different amounts of oil can be supplied to the two compression chambers, it is possible to control each independently and efficiently reduce leakage and heat loss. The performance of the compressor can be improved.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor, FIG. 2 is a partial detailed view, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial detailed view of the above embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a partial detailed view of the second and third embodiments.

The compression mechanism 2 is fixed inside the closed container 1,
The stator 4 of the electric motor 3 that drives this is fixed, and the rotor 5 of the electric motor 3 is connected to the crankshaft 6 that drives the compression mechanism 2. The compression mechanism 2 includes a fixed spiral blade component 10 having a fixed spiral blade 9 formed integrally with a fixed end plate 8, and a plurality of compression work spaces 14 that mesh with the fixed spiral blade 9 and are compressed.
And a swirling spiral blade component 13 in which a swirling spiral blade 11 forming the above is formed on a swirling end plate 12, and this swirling spiral blade component 1
Rotation restraint part 15 for preventing rotation of 3 and only turning
And an eccentric drive engagement portion 16 provided inside the main shaft 18 of the crankshaft 6 and an eccentric drive engagement portion 16 provided inside the main shaft 18 of the crankshaft 6 and on the opposite side of the rotary spiral blade 11 of the rotary end plate 12. 17, a bearing part 21 having a main bearing 19 for supporting the main shaft 18 of the crankshaft 6, and a shaft of the swirl vane part 13 with a minute gap from the back face 20 of the swivel plate on the back face of the swivel plate 12. A flat plate part 24 having an axial movement limiting flat surface 23 for limiting directional movement is arranged. A sliding partition ring 25 for partitioning the pressure applied to the rear surface 20 of the mirror plate into a discharge pressure applied to the central portion and a pressure lower than the discharge pressure applied to the rear surface 20 of the mirror plate is disposed on the flat plate component 24. Reference numeral 26 denotes an oil supply mechanism attached to the tip of the crankshaft 6, and the lubricating oil accumulated in the closed container 1 is supplied to the inside of the sliding partition ring 25 through a through hole 27 provided in the crankshaft 6. It Reference numeral 28 denotes an introduction hole provided in the swirling spiral blade component 13, which communicates with the two compression work spaces 14 through first and second communication holes 28a and 28b, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a partial detailed view of the compression mechanism section.
Diagonal lines indicate fixed spiral blades. In this figure, 28a is a larger communication hole than 28b. However, if a diaphragm mechanism is used, the diameter may be the same and the degree of contraction on the 28a side may be reduced.

Since the swirling spiral blade 11 is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the fixed spiral blade 9, when the compressor is operated and the temperature of the compression mechanism portion rises, the radial clearance A becomes radial. It becomes larger than the gap B. However, a large amount of oil for sealing is supplied to the 28a side due to the difference in diameter of the through holes 28a and 28b, and the sealing performance is secured.

Next, a second embodiment will be shown. A case where a tip seal is provided at the tip of one of the spiral blades for axial sealing will be described with reference to FIG. A tip seal 29 is provided at the tip of the swirling spiral blade in this figure. 30a, 3
Reference numeral 0b denotes a communication hole provided in the swirling spiral blade component 13, and the through hole 30b has a diameter larger than that of the through hole 30a. When the compressor is operated, the pressure becomes higher toward the center in the compression work space, and as a result, the tip end of the spiral blade, so-called axial leakage, occurs in the paths A to B and C to D in the figure. To do. However, since the route from C to D is sealed by the tip seal,
There is almost no leakage, and a small amount of oil is required for the seal. However, the seal of the path from A to B is only oil, and a relatively large amount of oil is required.

The oil for sealing supplied from the communication hole 30b is larger than the oil supplied from 30a, and therefore the oil in the compression work space A is larger than that in C. As a result, A
The amount of leakage from the path from B to B is reduced.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 31a and 31b are swirling spiral blade parts 3
2 is a communication hole provided in the sliding partition ring 25 and in the compression work spaces 34, 35. The opening of the two communication holes on the sliding partition ring side is provided with the sliding partition ring 25 for a certain section along with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade component 32.
It is configured to be closed by and open for a certain period. Therefore, the oil for sealing can be controlled in a wide range by appropriately selecting the section that opens inward of the sliding partition ring 25.

Next, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, the communication holes 31a, 3
Although the sections in which 1b opens inward of the sliding partition ring 25 are the same, in the fourth embodiment, the opening sections are formed at different positions in the respective communication holes. With this configuration, 2
The amount of oil supplied to each compression work space can be independently controlled.

[0028]

As described above, the effect according to the first aspect of the present invention is that the scroll compressor including the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component having a thermal expansion coefficient larger than that of the fixed spiral vane component. The oil that seals the gap in the radial direction can be properly supplied to each compression chamber, and leakage and heat loss can be reduced.

The effect according to claim 2 of the present invention is that the oil necessary for sealing the axial gap of the scroll compressor in which the tip seal is provided at the tip of either one of the spiral blades can be properly supplied, and leakage and heat reception can be achieved. Loss can be reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the oil required for sealing the compression space can be controlled in a wide range with a simple structure, and the performance can be improved.

The effect according to claim 4 of the present invention is that the oil can be supplied to each of the plurality of compression spaces independently with a simple structure, and the amount thereof can be controlled in a wide range to improve the performance of the compressor. Can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of a scroll compressor according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Detailed view of the same part

FIG. 3 is a partial detailed view of another embodiment of the scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial detailed view of another embodiment of the scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a scroll compressor showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 2 Compression mechanism 3 Electric motor 6 Crankshaft 10 Fixed spiral blade part 11 Swirling spiral blade 12 Swirling end plate 13 Swirling spiral blade part 15 Rotation restraint part 16 Swivel drive engaging part 17 Eccentric drive engaging part 18 Spindle 19 Main bearing 20 End plate back face 21 Bearing component 25 Sliding partition ring 28a, 28b, 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b Communication hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shozo Hase 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Sadao Kawahara, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Teruyuki Akazawa, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Takashi Morimoto Osaka, Kadoma City 1006, Kadoma Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fixed spiral vane in which an electric motor and a compression mechanism driven by the electric motor are arranged inside a closed container, and the compression mechanism is formed by forming a fixed spiral blade component and a swirl spiral blade on a swirl end plate. A swirling spiral blade component having a thermal expansion coefficient larger than that of the component, a rotation restraint component for preventing the swirling spiral blade component from rotating and performing only swirling, a crankshaft for swivel-driving the swirling spiral blade component, and this crankshaft A bearing part having a main bearing for supporting the main shaft formed on the crankshaft. A swivel drive engagement portion that swivels and drives the swirl swirl vane component is provided, and the pressure applied to the swivel mirror plate rear surface outside the swivel drive engagement portion on the rear surface of the mirror plate is the discharge pressure applied to the central portion and the mirror plate. Back A sliding partition ring for partitioning to a pressure lower than the discharge pressure applied to the outer periphery of the surface is arranged, and the oil introduced inside the sliding partition ring is introduced into two compression chambers composed of the spiral blade parts. An introduction hole to be introduced or an introduction hole through a throttle mechanism is formed in the swirl spiral blade component, and an oil introduction hole to a compression chamber formed by an inner wall of the swirl spiral vane and an outer wall of the fixed spiral vane is formed. A scroll compressor that is larger than the introduction hole to the other compression chamber or has a smaller throttle mechanism. 2. A tip seal is provided at the tip of one of the fixed spiral blade component and the swirl spiral blade component, and a tip seal is provided in the two compression chambers formed by both spiral blades. The size of the oil introduction hole into the compression chamber on the side formed by the outer wall of the spiral blade and the inner wall of the other spiral blade is smaller than the size of the introduction hole into the other compression chamber,
Alternatively, a scroll compressor with a large throttling mechanism. 3. An oil introduction hole to a compression chamber provided in the swirl end plate is provided with a swirl motion of the swirl spiral blade part.
A scroll compressor that is closed by the sliding partition ring for a certain section and opens inside the sliding partition ring for a certain section. 4. A plurality of introducing holes for introducing the oil supplied to the inside of the sliding partition ring into the compression chamber are provided in the swivel end plate, and the introducing holes are provided inward of the sliding partition ring. Scroll compression in which an opening is provided at a position where the sliding partition ring closes a certain section and opens the certain section in accordance with the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade part, and the plurality of introduction holes make the certain section different. Machine.