JPH0718688B2 - Method and apparatus for measuring carbonization chamber width of coke oven - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for measuring the width of a carbonization chamber of a coke oven and an apparatus therefor.

[Prior art]

In general, a coke oven is used to feed coal loaded in a carbonization chamber to 1200
Under the severe conditions with large temperature changes, such as dry distillation of coke at a high temperature reaching ℃, discharging the dry distillation of coke to the outside of the kiln with an extruder, and then charging coal close to room temperature again from the charging port. It has been in operation and has been used for a long period of more than 20 years after being constructed. Under such circumstances, the partition wall constructed by bricks or the like for partitioning the carbonization chamber of the coke oven from the combustion chamber that indirectly heats the carbonization chamber has a carbonization chamber side surface, in particular, carbon deposition on the wall surface, It is prone to deterioration due to large temperature changes and external forces from extruders. If this deterioration is left as it is, the partition wall bricks will be damaged such as cracks, joint breaks, defects, and dropouts, which will hinder the operation.

In addition, carbon generated during the carbonization of coal adheres and grows on the wall surface to form a thick layer, and when coke is clogged, the operation must be stopped and the adhered carbon must be burned off. , The operation plan goes wrong. Therefore, it is sufficient to make a plan to periodically burn off the carbon on the wall surface, but it is difficult to predetermine the frequency of the burnout because the amount and state of carbon that adheres and grows on the wall surface are not constant. .

In order to solve such a problem, a method of measuring the width of the carbonization chamber at high temperature and estimating the wall surface state has been proposed. For example, as disclosed in JP-A-57-53612, the pusher of a coke extruder is proposed. A measuring device is installed on the beam or near the plate at the tip, a thin rod-shaped guide is taken out from inside the device by a biasing means such as a spring, and a roller attached to the tip of the guide is brought into contact with the wall surface, and a mechanism is provided at the end of the guide. A common method is to measure the distance from the pusher to the wall surface.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the contact-type measuring method using the guide as described above, when the brick on the wall surface of the carbonization chamber is missing or has a defect such as a joint loss, the tip of the guide is caught in these recesses,
Or, the impact of being caught causes the guide to be deformed, making measurement impossible. Further, if the contactor at the tip of the guide is a roller, it cannot enter into a recess or the like having a width smaller than the roller diameter, which means that the measurement accuracy is low.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and realizes high measurement accuracy that can prevent clogging during extrusion of coke, reduces damage to the measurement device, and reduces the vicinity of the measurement position. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for measuring the width of a coking furnace in a coke oven, which monitors the wall surface condition of the steel.

[Means for solving problems]

A method for measuring the width of a carbonization chamber of a coke oven according to the present invention includes emitting light in a predetermined direction from a light source, reflecting the emitted light on a reflecting surface, and reflecting the reflected light at a first measurement point on one wall surface of the carbonizing chamber. The reflected light from the first measurement point is incident on the reflection surface, and the first distance from the predetermined point to the first measurement point is detected based on the incident light, while changing the direction of the reflection surface. Light from the light source is reflected in the opposite direction, the reflected light is projected to the second measurement point on the other wall surface of the carbonization chamber, which is opposite to the first measurement point, and the reflected light from the second measurement point is positioned. The second distance from the predetermined point to the second measurement point is detected based on the incident light, which is incident on the changed reflecting surface, and the second distance from the first measurement point is determined based on the first distance and the second distance. It is characterized in that the width of the carbonization chamber up to the measurement point is calculated.

[Action]

The method of the present invention emits light in a predetermined direction from a light source, reflects this light on a reflecting surface and irradiates one of the carbonization chamber wall surfaces, and reflects light reflected from this wall surface on the reflecting surface. While detecting the first distance from the fixed point to the one wall surface, the reflecting surface is moved to change the direction thereof, and the light from the light source is reflected to reflect the light from the light source to the other wall surface facing the carbonization chamber wall surface. Irradiating a point opposite to the light irradiation point, the reflected light from the other wall surface is reflected by the reflecting surface whose direction is changed, and the second distance from the predetermined point to the other wall surface is detected.
The carbonization chamber width at this measurement position is calculated based on the first distance and the second distance. Further, an imaging reflection surface is provided on the same plane as these reflection surfaces, and an image near the measurement position reflected on the imaging reflection surface is captured by the imaging device.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings of an apparatus used for carrying out the invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention, in which 1 is a coke oven, 2 is a measuring device,
3 is a water cooling lance and 4 is a trolley.

The coke oven 1 is provided with a plurality of carbonization chambers 11 and combustion chambers 12 alternately with a partition wall 13 separating the carbonization chambers 12 from each other.
The water cooling lance 3 supported by the carriage 4 is lowered from the coal charging port 11a opened at the upper part of the 11, and the measurement is performed by the measuring device 2 attached to the tip of the water cooling lance 3. The water-cooling lance 3 is supported by an elevating guide 41 which is erected at the front end of the bogie 4, and is moved up and down along the elevating guide 41 while being rotated around the axis. Again dolly 4
Is moved along the rail 5 provided on the upper surface of the coke oven 1, and is moved from the charging port 11a of the carbonization chamber 11 to be measured to the inside,
A water cooling lance 3 having a measuring device 2 at its tip is lowered. The water cooling lance 3 and the measuring device 2 at the tip of the water cooling lance 3 do not necessarily have to be placed in the central portion of the carbonization chamber 11.

The measuring apparatus 2 has an outer wall 21 having an inner and outer double box structure as shown in the front sectional view of FIG. 2 and the side sectional view of FIG. Cooling water is supplied from a penetrating water supply pipe 31 to cool the inside of the measuring device 2, while this cooling water uses a space between both cylinders of a water cooling lance 3 whose structure is an inner and outer double cylinder structure. Drainage conduit
It is discharged to 32. On the two opposite surfaces of the outer wall 21, from a quartz glass having a height and a size capable of passing the emitted light from the light source 23 reflected by the mirror 25 described later and the reflected light reflected by the carbonized inner wall The windows 22 and 22 are provided respectively, and the windows 22 and 22 are held on the wall surface by the window material fixing jigs. Further, these windows 22 and 22 desirably have a height and a size as described above and can minimize the invasion of radiant heat from the outside, and in the present embodiment, the size thereof is 35 mm in length, The width was 150 mm.

The light source 23 and the detector 24 are provided on the inner surface of the upper wall of the measuring device 2.
Is provided so that the light source 23 is arranged to emit the laser light downward, and the detector 24 makes the reflected light from the measurement object incident. It is arranged with an inclination of a predetermined angle to obtain. Further, on the inner bottom surface of the measuring device 2, a mirror 25 having a rectangular shape in a plan view and a rear view and a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles right triangle, which is a reflection surface, is arranged with the right angle as a vertex, and the light source 23 The light emitted from is reflected from the window 22 to the outside,
It has such a size that the light reflected by the measuring object within the required range can be incident. Further, the mirror 25 is slidable in the vertical direction of the windows 22, 22 due to the cylinder not shown coming and going. Further, in the present embodiment, laser light having a wavelength of 850 nm is used as the light source 23, and the mirror 25 is a special mirror capable of reflecting light of this wavelength with high reflectance.

Next, the principle of distance measurement using the measuring device 2 having such a configuration will be described with reference to the schematic diagrams of the optical rangefinders shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the optical path assumption diagram shown in FIG. The distance l ₀ from the light source 23 to the reflection point R _{1 on} the reflection surface of the mirror 25, and the distance from this reflection point R ₁ to both wall surfaces to be measured, respectively.
If l ₁ and l ₂ are set, the incident angle of the reflected light on the detector 24 at the predetermined distances l ₀ + l ₁ and l ₀ + l ₂ is set as a reference value, and the mirror 25 is set at the same measurement position. From the amount of change between the incident angle of the reflected light from both measurement objects on the detector 24 and the respective reference values, which is obtained by sliding in the vertical direction, l ₀ +
If the values of l ₁ and l ₀ + l ₂ are obtained by trigonometry, and a constant value l ₀ is subtracted from these values to calculate l ₁ + l ₂ , then the values of 2
The distance between the measurement targets is obtained.

That is, the carriage 4 moves on the rail 5 on the upper surface of the coke oven 1, and from the charging port 11a of the carbonization chamber 11 to be measured, the water cooling lance 3 with the measuring device 2 attached to the tip thereof is attached to the elevating guide 41. Down along. When the measuring device 2 is set at the measurement position, the mirror 25 or the mirror 27 is slid to one side to calculate the distance from the predetermined point to the measurement point on the one wall surface based on the trigonometry described above, and at the same position. Mirror 25 or mirror
Sliding 27 to the other side, the distance from the predetermined point to the point on the other wall surface facing the measurement point is calculated based on trigonometry. Based on these both calculated values, the width of the carbonization chamber at the measurement position is determined. Since the water cooling lance 3 is an elongated structure, the measuring device 2 at the tip of the water cooling lance 3 may sway in the furnace, which may cause an error.
Or, it is desirable that the movement of 27 is performed at high speed, and the width and distance are measured in about 0.5 seconds. When the imaging device 26 is provided, the wall surface near the measurement point projected on the central portion 27b of the mirror 27 is photographed at the same time as the distance measurement. Further, while raising the water cooling lance 3 in the height direction of the carbonization chamber 11 at a constant pitch, the width of the carbonization chamber is measured and / or the wall surface is photographed in the same manner.

In the measuring device 2 using the optical distance meter as described above, high-accuracy distance measurement with a measurement accuracy of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is performed, the wall surface state of the carbonization chamber 11 is quantitatively captured, and the estimation of the situation is performed. Is easy.

Further, in the optical measuring device, since the measurement is performed by using the reflected light, if the size of the measuring device is limited, the range of the reflected light that can enter the fixed detector is also limited, and the detector The measurable range is determined according to the detectable range. Therefore, if the measurement accuracy of the laser light is high, after the carbon burned on the wall surface, if the wall brick is exposed, laser light irradiation is performed to measure fine change points such as joint breakage and cracks of the brick. This can be done, but if the depth exceeds the measurement capability of the instrument's measurement, it will appear as an outlier. Further, not only the minute concave portion but also the concave portion caused by the lack of bricks, etc., shows an abnormal value if the depth thereof exceeds the measurement capability. For these abnormal values, for example, plasma spraying may be performed on joint breaks, cracks, etc., and for missing bricks, the missing parts may be replenished. Therefore ,. When an abnormal value occurs, if it is possible to grasp the specific situation in the vicinity of the measurement point, it is possible to take appropriate measures immediately. Therefore, the concrete condition of the wall surface is configured to be imaged by a small TV camera or the like. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are sectional views showing the configuration of such a measuring device 2.
Since the wall surface to be imaged has a temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C., a good image can be obtained without using a light source. Since the size of the measuring device 2 is limited by the size of the coal charging port 11a, a structure for imaging the wall surface reflected on the distance measuring mirror 27 is used. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the distance between the light source 23 and the detector 24 is 200 mm, and the distance l ₀ from the light source 23 to the light reflection point R _{1 on the} mirror 27 is 125 mm. Then, with reference to the distance l ₂ = 230mm from the reflection point R ₂ to the wall surface of the measurement object, the horizontal change amount of the reflection point R _{2 at} the mirror 27 is 10.2mm, which is a minute value for a 50mm distance change. And the reflection point R ₁ is a fixed point, and the reflection surface used for distance measurement is a narrow range. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, on both sides of the mirror 27, in the middle portion 27b of the mirrors 27a, 27a for distance measurement using special mirrors, which include the reflection points R ₁ and R ₂ , While using a normal mirror for imaging, these are arranged on the same plane, the middle part 27b and the image pickup device 26 such as a small TV camera are arranged in contact with each other, and the wall surface projected on the mirror middle part 27b is photographed. ,
This image is observed from the outside. In addition, the situation may be examined after the measurement is completed, such as recording with a VTR. Furthermore, when associating the laser light irradiation point for distance measurement with the corresponding position on the image, the laser light of this embodiment has a wavelength of 850n.
Since it is m, it is not possible to know which position is hit by visual inspection, so by aligning the laser light and its optical axis, or by collimating them and projecting a laser light of visible wavelength or white light,
It is also possible to make clear the laser irradiation point for distance measurement in the image.

The condition of the wall surface of the carbonization chamber 11 is measured by measuring every predetermined distance while moving the water cooling lance 3 attached to the tip of the measuring device 2 having the above-described configuration in the height direction of the carbonization chamber 11 at a constant pitch. Based on the width and / or the image, the carbon of the wall surface is burned off or the wall surface is repaired using plasma spraying.

Although the mirror for reflecting the light from the light source is slidable in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, it has a plate-like shape that can rotate at a predetermined angle from the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 23. The same effect can be obtained by using the rotary double-sided mirror 28 to change the direction of reflected light.

Further, in the present embodiment, the distance is measured by the trigonometric method using the laser light, but the method of measuring the distance based on the flight time of the laser light which is intensity-modulated and emitted, or another optical distance measuring method is used. It is also possible.

Further, in this embodiment, the imaging mirror is provided in a part of the distance measuring mirror, but it may be separately provided as long as it is on the same plane near the distance measuring mirror.

〔effect〕

The method and apparatus of the present invention, by using a non-contact optical rangefinder, to measure the width of the carbonization chamber with high accuracy, to prevent clogging during coke extrusion, and because it is a measurement by non-contact means The excellent effect that damage to the measuring device can also be reduced. In addition, by realizing the reflecting surface that can irradiate the opposite points on both wall surfaces facing each other by changing the position of one reflecting mirror, the measuring device can be downsized, and the device can be loaded from a narrow charging port. It has the excellent effect of enabling Furthermore, by providing an image pickup device such as a small TV camera, and by specifically grasping the point of light irradiation and the wall surface condition in the vicinity thereof, it is possible to promptly deal with abnormal values in the measured values. On the other hand, by performing wall surface imaging on the image reflected on the reflecting mirror, it is not necessary to add an additional window for imaging, and a reflecting mirror for reflecting the image is provided in a part of the reflecting mirror for distance measurement. As a result, it is not necessary to add a reflecting mirror, and it is possible to achieve the excellent effect of enabling a multifunctional downsizing of the measuring device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic configuration diagrams of a measuring apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. The drawings are diagrams showing the principle of the distance measuring method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are schematic configuration diagrams of other measuring devices for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1 ... Coke oven, 2 ... Measuring device, 11 ... Carbonization chamber, 22 ... Window,
23 ... Light source, 24 ... Detector, 25 ... Mirror, 26 ... Imaging device, 27
…mirror

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A light source emits light in a predetermined direction, the emitted light is reflected by a reflecting surface, and the reflected light is projected to a first measurement point on one wall surface of the carbonization chamber. Of the reflected light is incident on the reflecting surface, and the first distance from the predetermined point to the first measurement point is detected based on the incident light, while the direction of the reflecting surface is changed so that the light from the light source is directed in the opposite direction. Reflected, projected the reflected light to the second measurement point facing the first measurement point on the other wall surface of the carbonization chamber, and the reflected light from the second measurement point is incident on the reflection surface whose position has been changed, The second distance from the predetermined point to the second measurement point is detected based on the incident light, and the carbonization chamber width from the first measurement point to the second measurement point is calculated based on the first distance and the second distance. A method for measuring the width of a carbonization chamber in a coke oven, comprising: 2. A coking oven width measuring device for a coke oven, which projects light from a light source onto opposite wall surfaces of a carbonizing chamber and measures the width of the carbonizing chamber based on the reflected light from the wall surfaces. And the distance meter that calculates the distance based on the reflected light, and changes the direction of the reflecting surface to reflect the light emitted from the light source and project it to the opposite points of each facing wall surface. A reflecting mirror that reflects light reflected from the opposite points to the range finder, cooling means of the range finder, and a reflecting surface for imaging on the same plane as the reflecting mirror, and the light is reflected by the reflecting surface for imaging. A coke oven width measuring device for a coke oven, comprising: an image capturing device for capturing an image of a light incident point on a wall surface facing each other and a light incident point on the wall surface facing each other.