JPH07186763A - Transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the burden of an input shaft as the strength of an output transmission route on a rear wheel side is kept by pivotally supporting a front system sprocket loosely fitted on the input shaft in a casing through the electromagnet device of a multiple disc differential limiting device between the sprocket and a center differential. CONSTITUTION:The driving power of an engine is transmitted from an input shaft 11 to the carrier 3 of a planetary gear 2 composing a center differential. An internal gear 13 and a sun gear 12 are severally engaged the inside and outside of a pinion 5 rotatably supported in the carrier 3 through a pinion shaft 6. In addition, a rear output shaft 8 is fitted in the internal gear 13, and a front system sprocket 23 over which a driving chain is put is fitted in the sun gear 12. Differential limiting by a main clutch 1 is carried out between the internal gear 13 and the sun gear 12. In this constitution, the front system sprocket 23 is rotatably supported in a casing 26 through the electromagnet device 10 of an electromagnet type multiple disc differential limiting device.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical transfer device in which an output shaft on the front wheel side and an output shaft on the rear wheel side are arranged in parallel with each other, and more particularly, to an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device. The present invention relates to a transfer used in a rear-wheel main drive type four-wheel drive vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of vertical type in which an output shaft on the front wheel side and an output shaft on the rear wheel side are arranged in parallel to each other and of a rear wheel main drive type equipped with an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device As the transfer, conventionally, those described in JP-A-63-97425, those described in JP-A-64-70230, those described in JP-A-3-248919, and There is something like that shown in 3. All of these conventional types are rear-wheel main drive type transfers.
Input from the carrier is output to the rear wheel side via the internal gear, and is output to the front sprocket on the front wheel side via the sun gear. Is configured to be large.

In the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-248919, the center differential is arranged at the front stage of the drive chain suspended from the front sprocket to the output shaft on the front wheel side. The maintenance is difficult, and similarly to the example of FIG. 3 described later, since the electromagnet for operating the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device is arranged on the rear output shaft side, the output transmission portion to the rear wheel side is provided. In addition to the fact that the magnetic material had to be welded to a part of it, the strength was unavoidably reduced, and the lubrication pump had to be arranged outside the casing. In the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-70230, since the method of attracting the armature of the electromagnet in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device is the direct pull type, the center ring of the center differential adjacent thereto is It tended to get worse. Further, in each of the above-mentioned conventional examples, since the front sprocket is rotatably supported on the input shaft through a needle bearing or the like, when the drive force is transmitted to the front wheel side by the drive chain or gear mesh, The radial force generated on the front sprocket exerts a rotational bending force on the input shaft through the needle bearing or the like, which may cause early shaft deterioration or noise generation.

Explaining the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, in this example, the input is transmitted to the carrier 3 of the planetary gear 2 which is spline-fitted to the input shaft 11, and the differential of the pinion gear 5 of the planetary gear 2 is transmitted. By the action, from the internal gear 13 to the outer 15, the rotor clutch 18,
The output to the rear wheels is transmitted through the rear output shaft 8, and the sun gear 12 of the planetary gear 2 causes the sun gear 1 to travel.
A rear-wheel main drive type vertically installed type equipped with an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device in which output to the front wheels is transmitted through a drive chain 24 suspended by a front sprocket 23 spline-fitted to 2 It is a transfer for four-wheel drive vehicles. In this example, the front system sprocket 23 has a needle bearing or a sun gear 12 as in the above-described conventional examples.
Is supported by the input shaft 11 via the drive chain 2
The front sprocket 23 receives a force in the radial direction at the time of transmitting the driving force to the front wheel side by the No. 4 and thus the input shaft 11 receives a rotational bending force, which may cause early shaft deterioration and noise generation. there were.

Further, this example is based on the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-2489.
Unlike the one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 19 publication, by disposing the planetary gear 2 constituting the center differential in the rear stage of the drive chain 24 suspended on the output shaft on the front wheel side,
Although it became easier to maintain the disassembled center differential,
Since the electromagnet 14 for operating the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device is still arranged on the rear output shaft side 8, the lubrication pump 9 also includes the casing 2 due to space restrictions.
6 has to be arranged outside, which necessitates further covering the pump 9 with a casing, which not only increases the weight, but also in FIG. 4 which is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the rear output shaft 8 in FIG. As can be understood, the magnetic material had to be welded to a part of the output transmission part to the rear wheel side, and the strength was unavoidable. This will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIG. 4, the armature 16 of the pilot clutch 17 which constitutes the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device is attracted by the excitation of the electromagnet 14, and the pilot clutch 17 composed of the multi-plate clutch is pressed to operate. . Therefore, the rotor clutch 18 must be made of S10C low carbon steel, which is a low-strength magnetic material, and the rotor clutch 18 must be fixed to the outer 15 or the rear output shaft 8 by welding. At the wheel-side output transmission portion, as indicated by the arrow, the driving force from the outer 15 to the rear wheel side, which is distributed by the center differential, is the welding portion A, the non-magnetic SUS stainless steel pilot clutch Outer 15A, welded part B,
S10C low carbon steel rotor clutch 1 which is a magnetic material
8, welded portion C, and transmitted to the rear output shaft 8 made of carburized steel having high strength. In this type of rear wheel main drive type vertical four-wheel drive vehicle transfer, generally, about 30% of the driving force is distributed to the front wheels and about 70% of the rear wheels, so that the rear wheels as described above are distributed. It is not preferable to weld a low-strength magnetic material to a part of the output transmission section to the wheel side for the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device to cause the strength reduction. Moreover, the number of parts and processing steps have increased.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the main clutch 1 is arranged between the outer 15 on the rear wheel side and the inner 22 on the input side to limit the differential of the center differential. Therefore, the high differential rotation that occurs between the internal gear and the sun gear that form the output shaft cannot be obtained, and only the low differential limiting torque due to the low differential rotation can be obtained.

[0008]

Therefore, in the present invention, the above-described conventional vertical type electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device is provided, and the input from the carrier is transmitted to the rear wheel side via the internal gear. It solves various problems in the rear wheel main drive type transfer that has a center differential consisting of a planetary gear that is output to the front sprocket on the front wheel side via the sun gear, and the strength of the output transmission path on the rear wheel side is solved. While maintaining the above, it provides a lightweight and compact transfer that does not impose a burden on the input shaft and has a low noise and a small number of parts.

[0009]

Therefore, in the present invention, as means for solving various problems that the conventional transfer has, the input from the carrier is transmitted to the rear wheel side through the internal gear. In a transfer including a center differential composed of a planetary gear that is output and output to a front sprocket on the front wheel side via a sun gear, and an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device that limits the differential of the center differential, The front sprocket loosely fitted to the shaft is axially supported by the casing via an electromagnet device in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device arranged between the front sprocket and the center differential. It was done. Further, differential limiting by the differential limiting device is configured to be performed between an internal gear and a sun gear in the planetary gear, and a lubrication pump is further fitted to the internal gear. The outer circumference of the output shaft is arranged inside the casing.

[0010]

In the present invention, the planetary in which the input from the carrier 3 is output to the rear output shaft 8 on the rear wheel side via the internal gear 13 and is output to the front sprocket 23 on the front wheel side via the sun gear 12. A transfer provided with a center differential composed of a gear 2 and an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device for limiting the differential of the center differential,
The front sprocket 2 loosely fitted to the input shaft 11.
3 is configured to be axially supported by the casing 26 via the electromagnet device 10 in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device arranged between the front sprocket 23 and the center differential, so that the drive chain 24 When the driving force is transmitted to the front wheel side by the
Even if a force is applied in the radial direction, the force in this direction is transmitted via the bearing 25 from the strongly supported electromagnet device 10 to the casing 26, and the front system sprocket 23 loosely fitted to the input shaft 11 is inserted. Does not burden the. Therefore, there is no possibility that the input shaft 11 receives a rotational bending force and causes an early shaft deterioration or noise generation. Moreover, since the electromagnet device 10 is disposed between the front system sprocket 23 and the center differential, it is not necessary to dispose a low-strength magnetic material in the rear wheel output transmission path on the rear output shaft 8 side. Since the rear output shaft 8 can be made of only carburized steel having high strength, and there is no space restriction, the lubricating pump 9 is used for the internal gear 1.
It can be arranged inside the casing 26 at the outer circumference of the rear output shaft 8 fitted to the shaft 3. Further, the differential limitation by the differential limiting device is performed by the internal gear 13 on the rear wheel side and the sun gear 12 on the front wheel side in the planetary gear 2.
Since the differential limiting torque generated in the main clutch 1 can utilize the high differential rotation between the output shafts, a large differential limiting torque can be obtained.
In addition, the planetary gear 2 is provided at the rear stage of the drive chain 24.
Since the center differential and the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device are arranged, the center-diff and the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device can be easily disassembled and maintained.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the transfer of the present invention. The transfer of the present invention is a vertical type in which an output shaft on the front wheel side and an output shaft on the rear wheel side are arranged in parallel to each other, and a driving force from an engine (not shown) is input from the input shaft 11 to form a center differential. However, it is transmitted to the carrier 3 of the planetary gear 2. The carrier 3
A plurality of pinion gears 5 arranged on the circumference are axially supported by a pinion shaft 6, and an internal gear 13 that contacts the outside and a sun gear 12 that contacts the inside are meshed with the inside and outside of the pinion gears 5, respectively. The internal gear 1
A rear output shaft 8 is spline-fitted to the rear wheel drive system 3 and a front system sprocket 23 having a drive chain 24 suspended to the sun gear 12 is spline-fitted to the front wheel drive system. The pinion gear 5 revolves in accordance with the drive resistance between the wheels to distribute and transmit the drive rotation of the carrier 3 to the internal gear 13 of the rear wheel drive system and the sun gear 12 of the front wheel drive system. On the other hand, an inner 22 is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the sun gear 12, and a main clutch 1, an electromagnet-operated pilot clutch 17 and a ball cam device 19, are provided between the inner 22 and the outer 15 integrated with the internal gear 13. 20 and 21 are arranged, and differential limitation is performed by the main clutch 1 between the internal gear 13 and the sun gear 12 in the planetary gear 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a carrier plate arranged so that the main clutch 1 is not damaged by the pinion shaft 6 hole on the end surface of the carrier 3. Further, the front sprocket 23 is loosely fitted to the input shaft 11, and the front sprocket 23 is an electromagnet in an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device arranged between the front sprocket 23 and the center differential. A bearing 25 is pivotally supported by a casing 26 via an electromagnet device 10 composed of 14 and an adapter 7 supporting the electromagnet 14. The adapter 7 may be eliminated and the electromagnet 14 may be directly attached to the casing 26. By disposing the electromagnet device 10 between the front sprocket 23 and the center differential, the lubrication pump 9 is provided inside the casing 26 at the outer periphery of the rear output shaft 8 spline-fitted to the internal gear 13. Could be placed.

The operation of the transfer of the present invention thus constructed will be described below. In normal four-wheel drive, about 30% of the driving force is distributed to the front wheels and about 70% of the rear wheels due to the differential. Rear-wheel main drive traveling is performed, and in the output transmission portion on the rear-wheel side, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2 which is an enlarged view of the rear output shaft 8 in FIG. 1, distribution is performed by a center differential composed of a planetary gear 2. The driving force from the carburized steel-made internal gear 13 to the rear wheel side is transmitted to the carburized steel-made rear output shaft 8 which is similarly strong. That is, in the present invention, since the electromagnet device 10 is arranged between the front system sprocket 23 and the center differential, as in the conventional device, the output transmission path on the rear wheel side of the rear output shaft 8 has a low strength. Since it is not necessary to dispose a magnetic material or to provide a welded portion, and the rear output shaft 8 can be configured only by the carburized steel having high strength, the number of parts and the working process can be significantly reduced. On the other hand, when traveling on a four-wheel drive condition and encountering a bad road such as a mud and it becomes necessary to limit the differential action between the front and rear wheels, the armature 16 is excited by exciting the electromagnet 14. The cam ring 19 that is sucked and rotates with the outer gear 15 integrated with the internal gear 13 by pressure contact of the multi-plate clutch in the pilot clutch 17 causes the pressure ring 21 through the ball 20.
Is moved in the axial direction, and the multi-plate clutch in the main clutch 1 is pressed and brought into pressure contact. As a result, the inner gear 13 spline-fitted to the sun gear 12 and the internal gear 13 are limited in relative rotation, that is, the differential limitation between the front and rear wheels is achieved, and the internal gear 13, the pinion gear 5, and the sun gear 12 are The center differential is destined because it has a differential action that it rotates integrally without rotating relative to one another, and either drive system idles due to the difference in friction coefficient between the road surface and the tire between the front and rear wheels. Get rid of it and allow you to escape the rough road. At this time, the differential limitation by the main clutch 1 is limited to the internal gear 13 on the rear wheel side and the sun gear 12 on the front wheel side in the planetary gear 2.
Since the differential limiting torque generated in the main clutch 1 can utilize the high differential rotation between the output shafts, a large differential limiting torque can be obtained. Further, the front system sprocket 23 loosely fitted to the input shaft 11 is casing via the electromagnet device 10 in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device arranged between the front system sprocket 23 and the center differential. Two
Since it is configured to be axially supported by 6, even if the front sprocket 23 receives a force in the radial direction at the time of transmitting the driving force to the front wheels by the drive chain 24, the force in this direction is strong through the bearing 25. The electromagnet device 10 axially supported by
From the front system sprocket 23, which is loosely fitted to the casing 26 and is not loosely applied to the input shaft 11. Therefore, there is no possibility that the input shaft 11 receives a rotational bending force and causes an early shaft deterioration or noise generation. Further, since the center differential composed of the planetary gears 2 and the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device are arranged at the subsequent stage of the drive chain 24, the center differential and the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device are easily disassembled and maintained. .

[0013]

As described above in detail, in the present invention, the input from the carrier is output to the rear output shaft on the rear wheel side via the internal gear, and the front sprocket wheel on the front wheel side is output via the sun gear. In a transfer including a center differential composed of a planetary gear that is output to an output shaft, and an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device that limits the differential of the center differential, the front sprocket loosely fitted to the input shaft is Since it is configured to be axially supported by the casing through the electromagnet device in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device arranged between the front system sprocket and the center differential, the driving force of the drive chain to the front wheel side is reduced. Even if the front sprocket receives a force in the radial direction during transmission, the force in this direction is firmly supported by the electromagnet through a bearing. Transmitted to put et casing, it does not give a burden to the input shaft from the front based sprocket loosely fitted to each other. Therefore, there is no fear that the input shaft receives a rotational bending force and causes an early deterioration of the shaft or noise. Moreover, since the electromagnet device is disposed between the front system sprocket and the center differential, it is not necessary to dispose a low-strength magnetic material in the output transmission path on the rear output shaft side and the rear wheel side. Since the rear output shaft can be composed of only carburized steel and there is no spatial restriction, the lubricating pump should be arranged inside the casing on the outer periphery of the rear output shaft fitted to the internal gear. You can Therefore, the structure near the rear output shaft can be made light and compact with a small number of parts and a small number of processing steps. Further, since the differential limiting device is configured to perform the differential limiting between the rear-wheel-side internal gear and the front-wheel-side sun gear in the planetary gear, the differential limiting that occurs in the main clutch. Compared to the case where the main clutch is arranged between the outer side on the rear wheel side and the inner side on the input side as in the conventional one shown in FIG. 3, the torque has a large difference using the high differential rotation between the output shafts. Since the dynamic limiting torque is obtained, an efficient differential limiting action can be realized. Moreover, since the center differential and the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device formed of the planetary gear are arranged in the latter stage of the drive chain, the center differential and the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device can be easily disassembled and maintained, The effect is tremendous.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a transfer of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the rear output shaft of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional transfer.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near the rear output shaft of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main Clutch 2 Planetary Gear 3 Carrier 4 Carrier Plate 5 Pinion Gear 6 Pinion Shaft 7 Adapter 8 Rear Output Shaft 9 Lubrication Pump 10 Electromagnet Device 11 Input Shaft 12 Sun Gear 13 Internal Gear 14 Electromagnet 15 Outer 16 Armature 17 Pilot Clutch 18 Rotor Clutch 19 Cam Ring 20 Ball 21 Pressure Ring 22 Inner 23 Front Sprocket 24 Drive Chain 25 Bearing 26 Casing

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A center differential composed of a planetary gear in which an input from a carrier is output to a rear wheel side via an internal gear and is output to a front wheel side sprocket via a sun gear, and a center differential of the center differential. In a transfer including an electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device for limiting differential, the front sprocket loosely fitted to an input shaft is the electromagnet type disposed between the front sprocket and the center differential. A transfer characterized by being axially supported by a casing via an electromagnet device in a multi-plate differential limiting device. 2. The transfer according to claim 1, wherein differential limiting by the differential limiting device is configured to be performed between an internal gear and a sun gear in the planetary gear. 3. The transfer according to claim 1, wherein the lubrication pump is arranged inside the casing on the outer periphery of the rear output shaft fitted to the internal gear.