JP2005104216A - Electric wheel drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric wheel drive device for improving travel performance of a vehicle by improving durability of a rolling bearing and miniaturizing and lightening the device. <P>SOLUTION: The electric wheel drive device comprises a bearing device 2 for a wheel, a planet speed reducer 3, a driving section 6, and a rotation transmission device 5 for connecting a rotary shaft 4 to an input shaft 21 arranged in the same axis via a serration 27b. The planet speed reducer 3 comprises a sun roller 17, a plurality of planetary rollers 15 rolling along the inner surface of an outward member 9, and a carrier pin 14 for rotatably supporting the planetary rollers 15 with respect to a hub ring 7. The rotation transmission device 5 comprises a two-way clutch 25, and an electromagnetic clutch 26 having an electromagnet for applying an electromagnetic force for attracting an armature 35 and a rotor 37. The phase of a holder 31 is varied with respect to an inward member 30 by the application of the electromagnetic force, a roller 32 is locked to the inward member 30 and an outer ring 27, and connection/cut-off of the rotary shaft 4 and the input shaft 21 in both rotation directions is performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric wheel drive device that is used in an electric vehicle, a golf cart, or a vehicle such as a forklift, and in which a wheel and an electric motor are integrated.

  The electric wheel drive device is proposed to increase the driving efficiency when the wheels are driven by an electric motor, and is used for driving wheels of an electric vehicle or the like, and directly rotates and drives the wheels by the electric motor. It is configured as follows. However, since this type of electric wheel drive device requires a large output torque for the electric motor, a large electric motor must be used. This not only increases the cost but also increases the weight, making it difficult to ensure sufficient vehicle performance.

  On the other hand, an electric motor and a planetary gear speed reducer are arranged in the inner space portion of the wheel, and the rotation output of the electric motor is transmitted to the wheel via the planetary gear speed reducer. A drive device (wheel motor) has already been proposed.

  However, a planetary gear reducer is adopted as the reducer, and the output shaft that transmits the rotation output of the rotor of the electric motor to the wheels via the planetary gear reducer is once divided in the axial direction of the electric wheel drive device. Since the output will be taken out later by aligning the shaft center, the configuration is complicated and difficult to assemble, and the support span of the output shaft must be shortened, so the support strength against the falling of the wheel is low. It was.

  As a solution to these problems, an electric wheel drive device as shown in FIG. 7 is known. The electric wheel drive device 51 includes an electric motor 54 and a gear reducer 55 inside a wheel 53 on which a tire 52 is mounted, and is configured to rotationally drive the wheel 53 by the rotation output of the electric motor 54. Has been.

  The electric motor 54 includes a stator 57 that is fixed to the case 56 disposed inside the wheel 53, a rotor 58 that is disposed opposite to the inside of the stator 57, and a rotational output of the rotor 58 that is used as a gear reducer 55. And an output shaft 59 that is transmitted to the wheel 53 via the. The stator 57 and the rotor 58 are fixed to the case 56 side while being sandwiched between the covers 60 and 61 to constitute the electric motor 54.

  The output shaft 59 is integrally formed with an attachment flange 62 at one end portion 59 a thereof, and a wheel 53 is fixed via a hub bolt 63. One end portion 59a of the output shaft 59 is rotatable via a rolling bearing 64 in the shaft insertion hole 56b of the case 56, and the other end portion 59b is rotatable via a rolling bearing 65 in the central recess 60a of the outer cover 60. It is supported.

  The gear reducer 55 accommodated in the case 56 is composed of a plurality of gears 55a, 55b, 55c and 55d. The first gear 55 a is integrally formed concentrically with the end portion of the rotor 58. The second and third gears 55b and 55c are fixed to the same support shaft 66 and rotate integrally with each other, and the second gear 55b and the first gear 55a are engaged with each other. One end 66a of the support shaft 66 is rotatably supported by the recess 61a of the inner cover 61 via the rolling bearing 67, and the other end 66b is rotatably supported by the recess 56a of the case 56 via the rolling bearing 68. Yes. The fourth gear 55d is fixed to the output shaft 59 and meshes with the third gear 55c.

With this configuration, the output shaft 59 of the electric motor 54 passes through the rotation center hole of the fourth gear 55d, which is the final stage of the gear reducer 55, and the shaft insertion hole 58a of the rotor 58. Since both ends are rotatably supported, the components of the gear reducer 55, the inner cover 61, the components of the electric motor 54, and the outer cover 60 are sequentially fitted and assembled with the output shaft 59 as a reference. be able to. Further, since the output shaft 59 is supported by substantially both ends of the electric wheel drive device 51 as a whole, the support span can be maximized so that sufficient support strength against the falling of the wheel 53 is obtained. be able to.
JP-A-7-81436

  In such a conventional electric wheel drive device 51, this type of gear reducer 55 can easily assemble various components, but the electric motor 54 disposed inside the wheel 53 is downsized, and this In order to obtain a high rotational output with the electric motor 54, the space is inevitably increased, so that the installation space for the rolling bearings 64 and 65 for supporting the output shaft 59 is restricted. Therefore, the wheel 53 has fallen, that is, the load capacity with respect to the moment load is insufficient, and improvement has been demanded in terms of improving the durability of the rolling bearings 64 and 65.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and to provide an electric wheel drive device that improves the durability of a rolling bearing, reduces the size and weight of the device, and improves the running performance of the vehicle.

  In order to achieve the object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a wheel bearing device, a planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, and an electric motor that drives the planetary speed reducer. The wheel bearing device includes: a hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end; an inner ring having at least one inner rolling surface of the double row inner rolling surfaces on the outer periphery; and an inner ring. An outer member formed with a double row outer rolling surface facing the inner rolling surface, and a double row rolling element housed in a freely rolling manner between the two rolling surfaces, and the planetary deceleration The machine is provided with an input element rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, a fixed element disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member, and disposed between the fixed element and the input element. A plurality of planetary elements and an output element that rotatably supports these planetary elements with respect to the hub wheel. , Employing the configuration so as to drive the wheels via the wheel hub.

  Thus, the fixed element of the planetary reduction gear is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member of the wheel bearing device, the output element is fixed to the hub wheel, and the planetary element is rotatably supported by this output element. Since the planetary element is arranged between the input element and the outer member, it is possible to secure a sufficient space for the bearing part, to improve the durability of the bearing part against moment load, and to reduce the size and weight of the entire device. In addition, by reducing the unsprung load of the vehicle, ride comfort and running stability can be dramatically improved.

  Moreover, invention of Claim 2 among this invention is a wheel bearing apparatus, the planetary speed reducer with which this wheel bearing apparatus was mounted | worn, the drive part which drives the rotating shaft of this planetary speed reducer, A rotation transmission device for connecting a rotation shaft and an input shaft of a drive unit arranged coaxially so that torque can be transmitted, the wheel bearing device comprising: a hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end; An inner ring in which at least one inner rolling surface of the double-row inner rolling surfaces is formed, and an outer member in which a double-row outer rolling surface facing the inner rolling surface is formed on the inner periphery. The planetary speed reducer is rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, and is provided on the rotating shaft. Input element, a fixing element disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member, and the fixing element and the input element. A plurality of planetary elements disposed between the elements and an output element that rotatably supports the planetary elements with respect to the hub wheel, wherein the rotation transmission device coaxially connects the input shaft and the outer ring. A plurality of cam surfaces are provided on one of the outer periphery of the inner member and the outer periphery of the outer ring, and a cylindrical surface is provided on the other. A wedge-shaped space is formed in the wedge-shaped space, and a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space. Engaging elements are incorporated in a plurality of pockets formed in the cage, and the phase of the cage is adjusted with respect to the inner member or the outer ring. By changing, a wedge engagement state is formed between the engagement element, the inner member, and the outer ring so that the rotation shaft and the input shaft are coupled and disconnected in both rotation directions, and the drive unit The input shaft is rotated by an electric motor. The rotation is rotated through the rotation transmission device, the rotation shaft is rotated, the rotation of the rotation shaft is transmitted to the planetary planetary element through the input element, and the rotation of the planetary element is transmitted to the wheel through the hub wheel. Adopted a configuration to communicate.

In this way, the rotation transmission device is arranged between the planetary speed reducer and the drive unit, and the transmission and interruption of power are selected by coupling and disconnecting the two rotation shafts and the input shaft in both rotation directions. Can be switched automatically, and the clutch mechanism can be operated according to the speed difference of the wheels, and the transmission / cutoff of the driving force can be switched automatically. It can also have a restriction function. In addition, by controlling the disc brake and the power transmission device, power regeneration using an electric motor can be performed. Further, by disengaging the clutch mechanism, the drag portion of the drive system is reduced, and it is possible to contribute to improving the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by reducing the rolling resistance.

  Preferably, according to a third aspect of the present invention, the rotation transmission device includes an input shaft and an outer ring that are rotatably fitted on the same axis so that torque can be transmitted to the input shaft. A plurality of cam surfaces are provided on the outer periphery of the side member, a cylindrical surface is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring, a wedge-shaped space is formed between both surfaces, and a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space. A roller is incorporated in the plurality of pockets, and by changing the phase of the cage with respect to the inner member, the roller is engaged with the inner member and the outer ring, and both the rotating shaft and the input shaft are engaged. If the rotation direction is coupled and disconnected, the apparatus can be further reduced in size and weight.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an armature provided rotatably relative to the input shaft, a rotor provided non-rotatable relative to the rotary shaft, and the armature and the rotor. And an electromagnet for applying an electromagnetic force, and the phase of the cage may be changed by the action of the electromagnetic force with respect to the inner member or the outer ring.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a plurality of rectangular openings are formed on the hub ring and an inner ring fitted to the hub ring in a circumferentially uniform manner, and the circumferential direction of these openings is A recess is formed in the center, and a carrier pin serving as an output element of the planetary speed reducer is fixed to the recess, and the planetary element is rotatably supported on the carrier pin. Sufficiently secured, the durability of the bearing portion can be improved against moment load, and the device can be further reduced in size and weight.

  In the invention according to claim 6, since the two-sided width is formed at both ends of the carrier pin, and the two-sided width is fitted into the recess, the carrier pin is securely mounted with a simple configuration. It can be fixed to the wheel, and the planetary roller can be easily assembled.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 7, since the planetary element is disposed between the double row outer rolling surfaces formed on the inner periphery of the outer member, the uneven load on the planetary element is suppressed. And uneven wear of the planetary elements can be suppressed.

  In the invention according to claim 8, rolling bearings are disposed on both sides of the input element, and the input element is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel via these rolling bearings. The uneven load on the input element can be suppressed, and the uneven wear of the input element can be prevented.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the planetary speed reducer includes a rotating shaft that is rotatably inserted into the hub wheel, and a sun roller that is provided at one end of the rotating shaft. A plurality of planetary rollers disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the sun roller and the inner peripheral surface of the outer member; and carrier pins for rotatably supporting the planetary rollers with respect to the hub wheel. Therefore, the power transmission between the sun roller, the planetary roller, the planetary roller, and the outer member is performed by friction transmission, so that noise and vibration generated during power transmission can be suppressed as much as possible.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the planetary speed reducer includes a rotating shaft rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, a sun gear provided at one end of the rotating shaft, and the sun gear. Since it has a plurality of planetary gears meshed with the outer teeth and the inner teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, and a carrier pin that rotatably supports these planetary gears with respect to the hub wheel, Power can be transmitted efficiently without sliding contact, and lubrication can be performed with the lubricating grease enclosed in the bearing.

Preferably, if the fixing element is formed integrally with the outer member as in the invention described in claim 11, the entire apparatus can be reduced in weight and size, the number of parts can be reduced, and the assembly work can be reduced. It can be simplified.

An electric wheel drive device according to the present invention includes a wheel bearing device, a planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, and an electric motor that drives the planetary speed reducer. A hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end, an inner ring having at least one inner rolling surface of the double row inner rolling surfaces on the outer periphery, and a plurality of inner rings facing the inner rolling surface on the inner periphery. An outer member formed with an outer rolling surface of the row, and a double row rolling element that is rotatably accommodated between the two rolling surfaces, and the planetary speed reducer is rotatable on the hub wheel. An input element inserted into the outer member, a fixed element disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member, a plurality of planetary elements disposed between the fixed element and the input element, and these planetary elements And an output element that rotatably supports the hub wheel. As a result, it is possible to secure a sufficient space for the bearing part, to improve the durability of the bearing part against the moment load, and to reduce the size and weight of the entire device. This reduction can dramatically improve ride comfort and running stability.

  An electric wheel drive device according to the present invention includes a wheel bearing device, a planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, a drive unit that drives a rotation shaft of the planetary speed reducer, and the rotation shaft. And a rotation transmission device that connects the input shaft of the drive unit disposed coaxially with each other so that torque can be transmitted, and the wheel bearing device includes a hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end and a plurality of outer peripheral wheels. An inner ring formed with at least one inner rolling surface of the inner rolling surfaces of the row, an outer member formed with a double row outer rolling surface facing the inner rolling surface on the inner periphery, and these A double-row rolling element housed between both rolling surfaces so as to be freely rollable, and the planetary reduction gear is provided on a rotary shaft rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, and provided on the rotary shaft. An input element, a fixed element disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member, and the fixed element and the input A plurality of planetary elements disposed between the element and an output element for rotatably supporting the planetary elements with respect to the hub wheel, wherein the rotation transmission device coaxially connects the input shaft and the outer ring. A plurality of cam surfaces are provided on one of the outer periphery of the inner member and the outer periphery of the outer ring, and a cylindrical surface is provided on the other. A wedge-shaped space is formed in the wedge-shaped space, and a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space. Engaging elements are incorporated in a plurality of pockets formed in the cage, and the phase of the cage is adjusted with respect to the inner member or the outer ring. By changing, a wedge engagement state is formed between the engagement element, the inner member, and the outer ring so that the rotation shaft and the input shaft are coupled and disconnected in both rotation directions, and the drive unit The input shaft is rotated by an electric motor of The rotation shaft is rotated via the rotation transmission device, the rotation of the rotation shaft is transmitted to the planetary planet element via the input element, and the rotation of the planetary element is transmitted to the wheel via the hub wheel. By transmitting, it is possible to selectively switch between transmission and disconnection of power, and also to operate the clutch mechanism according to the speed difference of the wheels and automatically switch between transmission and disconnection of the driving force. In addition to the function of absorbing the difference in rotation, the differential limiting function can be provided. In addition, by controlling the disc brake and the power transmission device, power regeneration using an electric motor can be performed. Further, by disengaging the clutch mechanism, the drag portion of the drive system is reduced, and it is possible to contribute to improving the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by reducing the rolling resistance.

  Wheel bearing device, planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, drive unit for driving the rotation shaft of the planetary speed reducer, and input shaft of the drive unit arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft The wheel bearing device is integrally provided with a wheel mounting flange at one end, and a cylindrical small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the wheel mounting flange is provided. A formed hub ring, a pair of inner rings that are externally fitted to a small-diameter step portion of the hub ring and formed with an inner rolling surface on the outer periphery, and a double row outer side facing the inner rolling surface on the inner periphery An outer member on which rolling surfaces are formed, and a double row rolling element that is rotatably accommodated between the rolling surfaces, and the planetary reduction gear is rotatably inserted in the hub wheel. Rotating shaft, a sun roller provided at one end of the rotating shaft, and an outer peripheral surface of the sun roller A plurality of planetary rollers arranged to roll along the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, and carrier pins for rotatably supporting the planetary rollers with respect to the hub wheel, the rotation transmission device; The input shaft and the outer ring are rotatably fitted coaxially, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided on the outer periphery of the inner member that is fitted to the input shaft so as to be able to transmit torque, and on the inner periphery of the outer ring. A cylindrical surface is provided, a wedge-shaped space is formed between both surfaces, a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space, and rollers are incorporated in a plurality of pockets formed in the cage, so that the roller is rotatable relative to the input shaft. An arm provided on the rotor, a rotor provided non-rotatable relative to the rotating shaft, and an electromagnet that applies an electromagnetic force that attracts the armature and the rotor, and holds the inner member against the inner member. The phase of the By changing the force by the action of the force, the roller is engaged with the inner member and the outer ring so that the rotation shaft and the input shaft are coupled and disconnected in both directions of rotation. The input shaft is rotated by the electric motor, the rotation shaft is rotated via the rotation transmission device, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is transmitted to the planetary roller via the sun roller. Is transmitted to the wheel via the hub wheel.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of an electric wheel drive device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is taken along the line III-III in FIG. FIG.

  The electric wheel drive device 1 includes a wheel bearing device 2, a planetary speed reducer 3 mounted on the wheel bearing device 2, and an input disposed coaxially with the rotating shaft 4 of the planetary speed reducer 3. The rotation transmission device 5 incorporated in the shaft 21 and the drive unit 6 that drives the input shaft 21 are mainly configured. In the following description, the side closer to the outside of the vehicle in the state assembled to the vehicle is referred to as the outboard side (left side in the drawing), and the side near the center is referred to as the inboard side (right side in the drawing).

  This wheel bearing device 2 is referred to as a second generation for supporting a driving wheel (not shown). This wheel bearing device 2 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 7a for mounting a wheel at an end portion on the outboard side, and a cylindrical small diameter step portion 7b extending from the wheel mounting flange 7a to the inboard side is formed. A hub wheel 7 that is formed, a pair of inner rings 8 and 8 that are externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 7b of the hub ring 7 and have inner rolling surfaces 8a and 8a formed on the outer periphery, and are extrapolated to the inner ring 8; An outer member 9 integrally formed with a vehicle body mounting flange 9b fixed to the vehicle body on the outer periphery, and formed with double-row outer rolling surfaces 9a, 9a facing the inner rolling surfaces 8a, 8a on the inner periphery; A double row rolling element (ball) 10 accommodated in a freely rolling manner between the rolling surfaces 8a and 9a, and a bearing holder 11 for holding the rolling elements 10 in a circumferentially equidistant manner. .

A hardened layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel 7 so that the surface hardness ranges from 54 to 64 HRC from the base portion of the wheel mounting flange 7 a to the small diameter step portion 7 b. As the heat treatment, local heating is preferable, and quenching by high-frequency induction heating that can set the hardened layer depth relatively easily is preferable. Here, the end portion on the inboard side is unquenched with a surface hardness of 25 HRC or less, and is plastically deformed radially outward to form a crimped portion 7c. The inner ring 8 that is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 7b of the hub wheel 7 is fixed in the axial direction by the caulking portion 7c.

In the present embodiment, a so-called self-retain structure is employed in which the internal clearance of the bearing is a negative clearance, the bearing rigidity is improved, and the inner ring 8 is fixed in the axial direction by the caulking portion 7c to maintain this preload amount. doing. Therefore, it is not necessary to manage the preload by firmly tightening the bearing portion with a nut or the like as in the prior art, so that the ease of incorporation into the vehicle can be simplified. In addition, sealing devices (not shown) are mounted at both ends of the outer member 9 to prevent leakage of lubricating grease sealed in the bearing and intrusion of dust, muddy water, and the like from the outside into the bearing. In addition, although the double row angular contact ball bearing which used the ball | bowl as the rolling element was illustrated here, it is not restricted to this, The double row tapered roller bearing using a tapered roller may be sufficient.

  FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along arrow A of FIG. 1, and a plurality of rectangular openings 12 are formed on the small-diameter step portion 7b of the hub wheel 7 in a circumferentially equidistant manner. 12 is also formed with a pair of recesses 13a, 13a at the abutting portions 8b, 8b of the inner rings 8, 8 at positions corresponding to 12. Recesses 12a and 13b are respectively formed in the center portions in the circumferential direction of the openings 12 and 13, and a carrier pin (output element) 14 of the planetary speed reducer 3 to be described later is fixed. As shown in FIG. (Planet element) 15 is rotatably supported.

  Both end portions of the carrier pin 14 are formed to have a two-sided width 14a, and are fitted to the recesses 12a and 13b and supported so as not to rotate. The planetary roller 15 is rotatably supported via the rolling bearing 16 with respect to the carrier pin 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the planetary roller 15 rolls along the inner peripheral surface 9 c of the outer member 9 and the outer peripheral surface 17 a of the sun roller (input element) 17. Here, the small diameter stepped portion 7b of the hub wheel 7 and the butted portions 8b and 8b of the pair of inner rings 8 and 8 are illustrated as having the openings 12 and 13, but the present invention is not limited to this. A rectangular opening may be formed in the inner ring, and the other inner ring may be abutted against this inner ring. Also, an inner raceway surface and a small-diameter stepped portion are formed directly on the outer periphery of the hub wheel, The other inner ring may be abutted, and a first generation or third generation structure may be applied.

  In FIG. 1, the planetary speed reducer 3 includes a sun roller 17 integrally formed at an end portion on the outboard side of the rotating shaft 4, four planetary rollers 15 that perform planetary movement around the sun roller 17, and these planetary planets A carrier pin 14 that rotatably supports the roller 15 with respect to the hub ring 7 and the inner ring 8 is provided. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel 7 by rolling bearings 18 and 18 disposed at both ends of the sun roller 17.

  The rotation of the rotating shaft 4 is transmitted to the planetary roller 15 via the sun roller 17, and the rotation of the planetary roller 15 is transmitted to the wheel via the hub wheel (carrier) 7. Therefore, since the power transmission between the sun roller 17 and the planetary roller 15 and the planetary roller 15 and the outer member (fixed element) 9 is performed by friction transmission (traction drive), noise and vibration generated during power transmission can be reduced. It can be suppressed as much as possible.

  The reduction ratio of the planetary speed reducer 3 can be adjusted as appropriate by changing the ratio of the outer diameter of the planetary roller 15 and the inner diameter of the outer member 9. For example, the reduction ratio can be applied to an electric wheel drive device for an electric vehicle. In this case, the reduction ratio can be set in the range of 3-9. Furthermore, if a reduction ratio of this degree is obtained, it can be adequately dealt with by reducing the tip of the rotating shaft 4, that is, the outer diameter of the sun roller 17, and the reduction gear is accompanied by increasing the reduction ratio. Does not increase in size. Further, a planetary roller 15 is disposed between the double row outer rolling surfaces 9a, 9a formed on the inner periphery of the outer member 9 in the wheel bearing device 2, and the sun roller 17 is a pair of rolling bearings 18. , 18 so that the load on the planetary roller 15 and the sun roller 17 can be suppressed, and the uneven wear of the planetary roller 15 and the sun roller 17 can also be suppressed.

  The drive unit 6 includes a stator 20 fixed to the housing 19 and wound with an electromagnetic coil 20a, and a motor rotor 22 that faces the stator 20 via a predetermined air gap and is mounted on the outer periphery of the input shaft 21. And a pair of rolling bearings 24 that rotatably support the input shaft 21 with respect to the housing 19. When the electric motor 23 is energized, the input shaft 21 rotates, and the rotation of the input shaft 21 is transmitted to the planetary reduction gear 3 through the rotation transmission device 5.

  The rotation transmission device 5 includes a two-way clutch 25 and an electromagnetic clutch 26. The two-way clutch 25 has an input shaft 21 and an outer ring 27 fitted coaxially via a rolling bearing 28 so as to be freely rotatable. A plurality of cam surfaces 30a are provided on the outer periphery of the inner member 30 fitted through serrations (or splines) 29, and a cylindrical surface 27a is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 27 to form a wedge-shaped space between both surfaces. A cage 31 is interposed in the wedge-shaped space, and rollers 32 as engagement elements are incorporated in a plurality of pockets 31 a formed in the cage 31. A switch spring 33 that biases and supports the retainer 31 to a neutral position where the roller 32 does not engage the cylindrical surface 27a is locked between the retainer 31 and the inner member 30 having the cam surface 30a. .

  The retainer 31 is supported via the support plate 34 so as to be rotatable with respect to the inner member 30 and not movable in the axial direction. One end of the cage 31 is inserted into a locking hole 35a of an armature 35 made of a disk-shaped magnetic body, and the armature 35 is supported so as not to be relatively rotatable and to be movable in the axial direction. The inner surface of the amateur 35 is guided by the input shaft 21 and is movable in the axial direction and the rotational direction with respect to the input shaft 21.

  A rotor 37 made of a magnetic material having a U-shaped cross section is fixed to the outer ring 27 via a rotor guide 36 made of a nonmagnetic material such as an aluminum alloy. A rolling bearing 38 is fitted to the inner periphery of the rotor 37, and the outer ring 27 and the input shaft 21 are rotatably supported via the rotor 37 and the rotor guide 36.

  An electromagnetic coil 39 is built in the rotor 37 so that the amateur 35 and the rotor 37 are opposed to each other through a predetermined axial clearance, and the armature 35 and the rotor 37 are pressed against each other by electromagnetic force. A separation spring 40 made of a wave spring or the like is mounted between the armature 35 and the rotor 37, and separates the armature 35 and the rotor 37 in the axial direction when the current of the electromagnetic coil 39 is off.

  Next, the operation of the rotation transmission device 5 will be described in detail. When the current is off, the retainer 31 and the roller 32 are biased to the neutral position of the cam surface 30a provided on the inner member 30 by the switch spring 33, so that the inner member 30 and the outer ring 27 can idle. However, when the electromagnetic coil 39 is energized, the armature 35 connected to the cage 31 is attracted to the rotor 37 integrated with the outer ring 27. Friction torque between the armature 35 and the rotor 37 pressed by such suction acts between the retainer 31 and the outer ring 27 via the rotor guide 36, and the inner member 30 and the outer ring 27 rotate relative to each other. The friction torque rotates the retainer 31 and the roller 32 together with the outer ring 27 against the spring force of the switch spring 33. As a result, the roller 32 moves from the neutral position of the cam surface 30a to the engagement position of the wedge-shaped space, and from the input shaft 21 through the serration 29, the inner member 30, the roller 32, the outer ring 27, and the serration (or spline) 27b. A rotational torque is transmitted to the rotating shaft 15.

  In this embodiment, since the planetary roller 15 which comprises the planetary reduction gear 3 is integrated between both rolling surfaces 8a and 9a of the wheel bearing apparatus 2, the space of a bearing part can be ensured enough and it is with respect to moment load. However, the durability of the bearing portion can be improved. The rotation transmission device 5 described above is disposed between the drive unit 6 and the planetary speed reducer 3, and changes the phase of the retainer 31 with respect to the inner member 30, so that the roller 32 serving as the engagement element By selectively forming a wedge engagement state between the side member 30 and the outer ring 27 and connecting and disconnecting the two rotary shafts 15 and the input shaft 21 in both rotational directions, the transmission and interruption of power are selectively switched. Can do. Therefore, the clutch mechanism can be operated according to the speed difference of the four wheels, and the transmission / cutoff of the driving force can be automatically switched, so it has the differential limiting function along with the absorption function of the rotation difference between the four wheels. And a compact four-wheel drive mechanism is possible. Further, by controlling the disc brake (not shown) and the power transmission device, power regeneration using the electric motor 23 is also possible. Further, by disengaging the clutch mechanism, the drag portion of the drive system is reduced, and it is possible to contribute to improving the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by reducing the rolling resistance.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the electric wheel drive device according to the present invention. This second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the configuration of the planetary speed reducer, and other parts having the same parts or the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be given. Omitted.

  The planetary speed reducer 41 includes a sun gear 42 integrally formed at an end on the outboard side of the rotating shaft 4, four planetary gears 43 that perform planetary movement around the sun gear 42, and the planetary gear 43 as a hub. And a carrier pin 14 that rotatably supports the ring 7 and the inner ring 8. The planetary gear 43 that constitutes the reduction gear 41 is rotatably supported via the rolling bearing 16 with respect to the carrier pin 14. The outer teeth 43 a of the planetary gear 43 mesh with the inner teeth 9 d formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 9 and the outer teeth 42 a of the sun gear 42 and rotate. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel 7 by rolling bearings 18 and 18 disposed at both ends of the sun gear 42.

  The rotation of the rotating shaft 4 is transmitted to the planetary gear 43 through the sun gear 42, and the rotation of the planetary gear 43 is transmitted to the wheels through the hub wheel 7. Therefore, since the power transmission of the sun gear 42 and the planetary gear 43 and the planetary gear 43 and the outer member (outer sun gear) 9 are all performed by the gear transmission mechanism, the power can be efficiently transmitted without sliding contact. At the same time, it can be lubricated with the lubricating grease enclosed in the bearing.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the electric wheel drive device according to the present invention. In the third embodiment, the rotating shaft and the input shaft of the drive unit in the first embodiment described above are integrated, and other parts having the same parts or the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals. Detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  This electric wheel drive device is disposed at one end of a wheel bearing device 2, a planetary speed reducer 3 mounted on the wheel bearing device 2, and a rotating shaft 44 of the planetary speed reducer 3. The drive unit 6 that drives the motor 44 is the main configuration.

The planetary speed reducer 3 includes a sun roller 17 integrally formed at an end of the rotating shaft 44 on the outboard side, four planetary rollers 15 that make planetary movements around the sun roller 17, and the planetary rollers 15 as hubs. And a carrier pin 14 that rotatably supports the ring 7 and the inner ring 8. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel 7 by rolling bearings 18 and 18 disposed at both ends of the sun roller 17.

When the electric motor 23 of the drive unit 6 is energized, the rotating shaft 44 rotates, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 44 is transmitted to the planetary roller 15 through the sun roller 17, and the rotation of the planetary roller 15 passes through the hub wheel 7. And is transmitted to the wheels.

By configuring the electric wheel drive device of this embodiment in such a configuration, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in weight and size, improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle, and detect the vehicle speed to determine the appropriate speed of each wheel. It is also possible to control the current of the left and right electric motors 23 in combination with an ABS (anti-lock brake system) that controls rotation, and to provide a differential limiting function as well as a function of absorbing a difference in rotation between the wheels.

  FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the electric wheel drive device according to the present invention. The fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment described above only in the configuration of the planetary speed reducer, and other parts having the same parts or the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed descriptions thereof are given. Omitted.

The planetary speed reducer 41 includes a sun gear 42 integrally formed at an end on the outboard side of the rotating shaft 4, four planetary gears 43 that perform planetary movement around the sun gear 42, and the planetary gear 43. A carrier pin 14 that rotatably supports the hub wheel 7 and the inner ring 8 is provided. The planetary gear 43 constituting the planetary speed reducer 41 is rotatably supported via the rolling bearing 16 with respect to the carrier pin 14. The outer teeth 43 a of the planetary gear 43 mesh with the inner teeth 9 d formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 9 and the outer teeth 42 a of the sun gear 42 and rotate. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel 7 by rolling bearings 18 and 18 disposed at both ends of the sun gear 42.

  The rotation of the rotation shaft 44 is transmitted to the planetary gear 43 via the sun gear 42 as in the third embodiment described above, and the rotation of the planetary gear 43 is transmitted to the wheels via the hub wheel 7. Therefore, it is possible to achieve light weight and compactness, improve the fuel consumption of the vehicle, and transmit power between the sun gear 42 and the planetary gear 43 and between the planetary gear 43 and the outer member 9 by a gear transmission mechanism. Therefore, power can be transmitted efficiently without sliding contact.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and is merely an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further, the equivalent meanings described in the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope of the scope of the present invention are included. Including.

  The electric wheel drive device according to the present invention is a four-wheeled vehicle such as a fuel cell vehicle and an electric vehicle, a two-wheeled vehicle, a golf cart, a three-wheeled or four-wheeled cart for elderly people and persons with disabilities, and a construction site or a transportation industry. The present invention can be applied to a case where various vehicles such as a hand-held unicycle to a four-wheel vehicle to be used are electrically driven, or when auxiliary power is applied by electric drive.

It is a longitudinal section showing a 1st embodiment of an electric wheel drive concerning the present invention. It is a partial cross section A arrow line view of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view along the III-III line of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the electrically driven wheel drive device which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the electrically driven wheel drive device which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 4th Embodiment of the electrically driven wheel drive device which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the conventional electric wheel drive device.

Explanation of symbols

1 .... Electric wheel drive device 2 .... Wheel bearing device 3, 41 ...・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Planetary reducer 4, 44 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Rotating shaft 5 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・・ ・ Rotation transmission device 6 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Driver 7 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Hub wheel 7a ・ ・ ・ ・・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Wheel mounting flange 7b ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Small diameter step 7c ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・・ ・ Casting part 8 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Inner ring 8a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Inner rolling surface 8b・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Matching part 9 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Outer member 9b ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・... Car body mounting flange 9c ... Inner peripheral surface 9d ... Inner teeth 10 ...・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Rolling element 11 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Bearing cage 12, 13, 13a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Opening 12a, 13b ... Recess 14 ... Carrier pin 14a ...・ Width across flat 15 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Planetary rollers 16, 18, 24, 28, 38 ・ ・ ・ ・ Rolling bearing 17 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Sun roller 17a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Outer peripheral surface 19 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Housing 20 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・... Stator 20a, 39 ...・ Electromagnetic coil 21 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Input shaft 22 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Motor rotor 23 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・.... Electric motor 25 ... 2 way clutch 26 ... Electromagnetic clutch 27 ... outer ring 27a ... cylindrical surface 27b, 29 ... serration 30 ... Inner member 30a ... Cam surface 31 ... ··········· Retainer 31a ··································································· ... Switching spring 34 ... ······················································. ... Rotor guide 37 ... Rotor 40 ... Separation spring 42 ... Sun gears 42a, 43a ... External teeth 43 ... ··· Planetary gear 51 · · · · · · · · Electric wheel drive device 52 · · · · · · · · Tire 53 ... wheel 54 ... electric motor 55 ... Gear reducer 55a ... 1st gear 55b ... 2nd gear 55c ... 3rd gear 55d ... Fourth gear 56 ..... Cases 56a, 60a, 61a ..... Recessed part 56b ...・ Through hole 57 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Stator 58 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Rotor 59・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Output shaft 59a, 66a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ One end 59b, 66b ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Other end 60, 61 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・······· Cover 60b ···························································· .... Hub bolts 64, 65, 67, 68 ... · Rolling bearing 66 · · · · · · the support shaft

Claims (11)

A wheel bearing device, a planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, and an electric motor that drives the planetary speed reducer,
The wheel bearing device includes a hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end, an inner ring having at least one inner rolling surface of double row inner rolling surfaces on an outer periphery, and the inner rolling on an inner periphery. An outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface facing the running surface is formed, and a double row rolling element accommodated so as to be freely rollable between the two rolling surfaces,
The planetary speed reducer includes an input element rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, a fixed element disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member, and a gap between the fixed element and the input element. A plurality of planetary elements provided, and an output element that rotatably supports these planetary elements with respect to the hub wheel,
An electric wheel driving device for driving a wheel via the hub wheel. Wheel bearing device, planetary speed reducer mounted on the wheel bearing device, drive unit for driving the rotation shaft of the planetary speed reducer, and input shaft of the drive unit disposed coaxially with the rotation shaft And a rotation transmission device that couples to each other so that torque can be transmitted,
The wheel bearing device includes a hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange at one end, an inner ring having at least one inner rolling surface of double row inner rolling surfaces on an outer periphery, and the inner rolling on an inner periphery. An outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface facing the running surface is formed, and a double row rolling element accommodated so as to be freely rollable between the two rolling surfaces,
The planetary reducer includes a rotation shaft rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, an input element provided on the rotation shaft, a fixed element disposed on an inner peripheral side of the outer member, A plurality of planetary elements disposed between a fixed element and the input element; and an output element that rotatably supports the planetary elements with respect to the hub wheel,
The rotation transmission device is configured such that the input shaft and the outer ring are rotatably fitted on the same axis, and the outer circumference of the inner member or the inner circumference of the outer ring is fitted to the input shaft so as to be able to transmit torque. A plurality of cam surfaces, a cylindrical surface on the other side, a wedge-shaped space is formed between both surfaces, a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space, and an engagement element is incorporated in a plurality of pockets formed in the cage, By changing the phase of the cage with respect to the inner member or the outer ring, a wedge engagement state is formed between the engagement element, the inner member and the outer ring, and both rotation directions of the rotating shaft and the input shaft are formed. The input shaft is rotated by the electric motor of the drive unit, the rotation shaft is rotated via the rotation transmission device, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is input to the input shaft. Via the element to the planetary element And, electric wheel drive unit, wherein a rotation of the planetary elements so as to transmit to the wheels via the wheel hub.   The rotation transmission device is configured such that the input shaft and an outer ring are rotatably fitted coaxially, a plurality of cam surfaces are provided on an outer periphery of an inner member fitted to the input shaft so as to be able to transmit torque, and the outer ring A cylindrical surface is provided on the inner periphery of the inner surface, a wedge-shaped space is formed between the two surfaces, a cage is interposed in the wedge-shaped space, and rollers are incorporated into a plurality of pockets formed in the cage, On the other hand, by changing the phase of the cage, the roller is engaged with the inner member and the outer ring, and the rotational shaft and the input shaft are coupled and disconnected in both rotational directions. The electric wheel drive device described.   An armature provided rotatably relative to the input shaft; a rotor provided non-rotatably relative to the rotation shaft; and an electromagnet that applies an electromagnetic force that attracts the armature and the rotor; The electric wheel drive device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the phase of the cage is changed by the action of the electromagnetic force with respect to the inner member or the outer ring.   A plurality of rectangular openings are formed on the hub ring and an inner ring fitted to the hub ring in a circumferentially equidistant manner, and a recess is formed at the center in the circumferential direction of the openings. The electric wheel drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a carrier pin serving as an output element of the planetary speed reducer is fixed in the recess, and the planetary element is rotatably supported on the carrier pin.   The electric wheel drive device according to claim 5, wherein a two-sided width is formed at both ends of the carrier pin, and the two-sided width is fitted in the recess.   The electric wheel drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the planetary element is disposed between double row outer rolling surfaces formed on an inner periphery of the outer member.   The electric wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein rolling bearings are disposed on both sides of the input element, and the input element is rotatably supported with respect to the hub wheel via the rolling bearings. Drive device.   The planetary reducer includes a rotation shaft rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, a sun roller provided at one end of the rotation shaft, an outer peripheral surface of the sun roller, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member. 9. An electric wheel drive device according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of planetary rollers disposed between the plurality of planetary rollers and a carrier pin that rotatably supports the planetary rollers with respect to the hub wheel. .   The planetary reducer includes a rotation shaft rotatably inserted in the hub wheel, a sun gear provided at one end of the rotation shaft, outer teeth of the sun gear, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member. The electric wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a plurality of planetary gears meshed with internal teeth formed on the inner ring and a carrier pin that rotatably supports the planetary gears with respect to the hub wheel. Drive device.   The electric wheel drive device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing element is formed integrally with the outer member.

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