JPH07179981A - Wear resistant material, its production and compressor using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a wear resistant material hardly causing damage, a dimensional change or the reduction of hardness to a sliding material forming a compressor even under severe operational conditions and having stable fitness, wear resistance and durability and to provide a compressor using the wear resistant material. CONSTITUTION:Ceramic powder 22 is dispersed among grains of a sintered alloy 20 forming a matrix and a soft metallic phase 21 is allowed to exist between the grains of the sintered alloy 20 and the ceramic powder 22 to obtain the objective wear resistant material excellent in seizing resistance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wear-resistant material, a method for producing the same, and a compressor using the material, which has particularly excellent conformability, wear resistance, and seizure resistance, and has excellent durability. The present invention relates to an excellent wear resistant material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a compressor using the material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In refrigerators, refrigerators, air conditioners and showcases, a compressor for compressing a refrigerant is equipped as a main device. As a compressor generally used in the above application example, there is a hermetic rotary compressor as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In this compressor 1, a casing 2 has a motor 3a, cylinders 8a and 8b, and rollers 10a and 1 inside.
0b, the compression element 3b is internally mounted, and the compression element 3b has a rotary shaft 4 extending from the motor 3a inserted through a main bearing 5 and a sub bearing 6, and a partition plate 7 between the main bearing 5 and the sub bearing 6.
Two cylinders 8a and 8b are disposed through the cylinders 8a and 8b, and cylindrical rollers 10a and 10b are respectively provided in the eccentric portions 9a and 9b formed on the rotary shaft 4 in the cylinders 8a and 8b.
The vanes 11a and 11b are arranged so that the rollers 10a and 10b that are eccentrically rotated as shown in FIG.
The vanes 11a, 11b are cylinders 8a, 8 respectively.
It is mounted so as to be able to move in and out of a mounting groove provided in b, and is always pressed against the rollers 10a and 10b by a biasing means such as a spring. This vane 11a, 11
b reciprocates while slidingly contacting the outer peripheral surface of each roller according to the rotation of the eccentric portions 9a, 9b and the rollers 10a, 10b,
It plays a role of partitioning the inside of each cylinder 8a, 8b in terms of pressure. Thus, the compressor 1 drives the motor 3 to eccentrically rotate the rollers 10a and 10b in the cylinders 8a and 8b, thereby passing through the suction port 12,
Suction chambers 13a, 13b in the cylinders 8a, 8b
The gas sucked in is compressed while being moved in the direction of the compression chambers 14a and 14b, and is discharged from the discharge port 15.

In the compressor 1 as described above, the main and auxiliary bearings 5 and 6, the rotary shaft 4, the cylinder 8 and the vanes 11a and 11 are provided.
b. Since the sliding parts such as the vane and the roller 10 which are in sliding contact with each other are particularly worn, it is necessary to form them with a material having high wear resistance.

Conventionally, as a material of this kind, a high-speed steel or a smelting material of eutectic graphite cast iron, and more specifically 2.3%
FC-cast material consisting of Si-3.4% C-balance Fe, SM
A material having improved wear resistance such as SMF-4 type material (iron-carbon-copper alloy) such as F4030 is generally used. Mo-Ni-Cr is a wear-resistant material that constitutes a roller that requires particularly high seizure resistance and wear resistance.
-C-Si-balance Fe alloy (monichrome cast iron) is widely used, and SKH-51 and SUS44 are used as vane materials.
0C, FC200, etc. are generally used as the cylinder material.

[0006]

However, since the sliding parts formed of the ingot material of the iron-based alloy as described above have high toughness, even when used under severe conditions, damages such as cracks and chips are caused. On the other hand, it has the advantage that it is difficult to generate, but because it is still insufficient in wear resistance characteristics, for example, when it is used as various sliding parts of a rotary compressor for a refrigerator, the compression efficiency and There was a problem that the refrigeration efficiency was reduced in a short period of time.

On the other hand, in recent years, compressors have been required to have higher performance and expanded use conditions regardless of their applications such as refrigerators, refrigerators, and air conditioners. In particular, in the case of air conditioners, changes in the living space of users and demands for comfort have risen remarkably, and those equipped with inverters are becoming standard products. The compressor used in such an air conditioner is required to operate at higher speeds or speed changes under severer operating conditions than before, that is, under high load conditions.

Further, in recent years, it has been found that CFCs generally used as refrigerants for refrigerators, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. contribute to environmental damage, and development of new refrigerants to replace CFCs and Practical application is in progress.

However, since the operating temperatures of all new refrigerants that are currently in the development stage are significantly higher than those of conventional CFCs, the sliding parts are made of conventional metal-based wear resistant materials. It has been confirmed that various problems occur in the formed compressor.

In other words, the change in the refrigerant inevitably raises the operating environment temperature, so that the dimensions of the sliding members such as vanes and rollers change due to thermal expansion, and the minute clearances between the sliding members expand to increase the refrigerant. However, there is a problem in that the compression efficiency is reduced, and finally the cooling capacity is reduced.

Further, as the operating temperature rises, the hardness and wear resistance of the sliding material are reduced due to the transformation of the alloy structure of the sliding material, etc. Has been confirmed to decrease.

As a measure for solving the above problems, attention is paid particularly to ceramic materials such as Si ₃ N ₄ (silicon nitride) and ZrO ₂ (zirconium oxide), which are excellent in heat resistance, toughness and wear resistance. Attempts have also been made to use a ceramics composite material that is a composite of the two as various sliding parts of a compressor.

However, although the sliding parts formed of the above ceramic composite material have significantly improved wear resistance as compared with the sliding parts made of metal, since the ceramics themselves have little toughness and are brittle, cracks and chips are not formed. There is a problem that it is likely to occur and its reliability as a structural component is low.

As a measure against the above problems, ceramic-metal composite sintered materials obtained by compacting and sintering a mixture of metal powder and ceramic powder are also used as various sliding members.
According to this sliding member, high structural strength is secured by the sintered alloy serving as a matrix, and wear resistance characteristics are improved by the high hardness ceramic particles dispersed in the sintered alloy.

However, since the metal powder and the ceramic particles do not inherently react with each other and do not sinter with each other, the bonding strength between them is low. Therefore, when used as a sliding component, there is a drawback that the ceramic particles are likely to fall off. In addition, the dropped high-hardness ceramic particles attack and damage the other parts constituting the sliding portion, which shortens the life of the parts.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even under severe operating conditions, such as when the operating temperature rises due to the change of the refrigerant, the sliding that constitutes the compressor. An object of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant material exhibiting stable conformability, wear resistance and durability with little damage, dimensional change and hardness reduction of the material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a compressor using the material. .

[0017]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have changed the composition of the wear-resistant alloy material constituting the sliding portion of the compressor to change its sliding characteristics. Comparative studies were conducted, and the microstructures of materials capable of forming stable alloy microstructures under the high temperature use conditions of the respective alloy materials were also studied. As a result, a composite material in which a Cu-based alloy containing a predetermined amount of Sn is infiltrated into the pores of an iron (Fe) -based sintered alloy in which a predetermined ceramic powder is dispersed to form a soft metal phase When the sliding member was formed, a compressor having good conformability even under high temperature use conditions and having extremely stable wear resistance and durability was obtained.
Further, when a soft metal phase (lubrication phase) is formed between the Fe-based sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder, the slidability (compatibility) is further improved, and the falling of the ceramic particles is effective. It has been found for the first time that an abrasion resistant material that can be effectively prevented and is suitable as a vane material for a compressor can be obtained.
The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.

That is, in the wear resistant material according to the present invention, the ceramic powder is dispersed between the sintered alloy particles constituting the matrix, and the soft metal phase is present between the sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder. It is characterized by being The ceramic powder is 3Al ₂ O ₃・ 2.
At least one selected from SiO ₂ , Si ₃ N ₄ , ZrO ₂ , TiN, SiC and TiC may be used. Further, the volume ratio of the ceramic powder contained in the wear resistant material may be set to 5 to 20%. Further, the volume ratio of the soft metal phase present in the wear resistant material is 5 to 2
Set to 0%. Furthermore, the soft metal phase is 2% by weight.
It is preferable to use a Cu-based alloy composed of ˜15% Sn and the balance Cu.

Further, in the method for producing the wear-resistant material according to the present invention, 3Al ₂ O is added to the metal powder for forming the sintered alloy.
_{3 · 2SiO 2, Si 3 N} 4, ZrO 2, TiN, Si
At least one ceramic powder selected from C and TiC is mixed to prepare a mixed powder, and the mixed powder is molded and sintered to obtain a sintered alloy, and the sintered alloy contains 2 to 15 wt% Sn, It is characterized by infiltrating an alloy composed of the balance Cu.

Further, the compressor according to the present invention is a compressor provided with a cylinder, a roller which makes an eccentric rotary motion while slidingly contacting the inner surface of the cylinder, and a vane which moves in and out of the cylinder while slidingly contacting the roller. Characterized in that the vane is formed of a wear-resistant material in which a soft metal phase is present between the sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder, while the ceramic powder is dispersed between the sintered alloy particles constituting the To do.

The wear-resistant material according to the present invention is made of an Fe-based sintered alloy having a relatively high hardness, and the structural strength of the entire material is
In addition to exhibiting toughness and wear resistance, the high hardness ceramic powder dispersed between the constituent particles of the Fe-based sintered alloy further improves the wear resistance of the material, and further a soft metal phase composed of a Cu-based alloy. Familiarity and seizure resistance as a sliding material are exhibited by F
The mutual adhesion of the e-based sintered alloy particles, the ceramic powder, and the Cu-based alloy is enhanced to effectively prevent the ceramic powder from falling out of the material.

The composition of the sintered alloy constituting the matrix of the wear resistant material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has predetermined structural strength, toughness and wear resistance. F having a composition as shown below
It is preferable to use an e-based sintered alloy. That is, 0.2 to 4% by weight of Ni, 0.2 to 20% of Cr, and 0.
1-6% Mo, 0.5-5% Cu, 0.3-7% W, 0.5-3% V, 0.1-1% P, 0.1-3
A Fe-based sintered alloy consisting of% C and the balance Fe is preferable. Further, SUS440C material or SKH-51 material can be used.

The reasons for limiting the composition of the Fe-based sintered alloy (matrix phase) will be described below.

Ni is an element for improving the toughness of the base material and is contained in an amount of 0.2 to 4 wt%. The Ni content is 0.
When the content is less than 2 wt%, the effect of improving the toughness is small, while when the content exceeds 4 wt%, the ratio of the austenite structure remaining in the sintered alloy increases, and the stability and hardness of the material decrease. Will end up.

Cr is an element that improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material, and is contained in 0.2 to 20 wt%. When the content of Cr is less than 0.2 wt%, wear resistance and corrosion heat resistance cannot be sufficiently improved, while
If the content exceeds 20 wt%, the moldability is impaired and the desired density cannot be obtained.

By treating the finally prepared wear resistant material by an ion nitriding method or the like, Cr on the surface of the material is nitrided to form a dense nitride layer made of high hardness chromium nitride. . By forming this nitride layer, the wear resistance of the entire material can be greatly improved, so it is advantageous to use a Fe-based sintered alloy having a high Cr content.

Mo is an element that improves the wear resistance, high temperature strength and sliding characteristics of the material, and is contained in the range of 0.1 to 6 wt%. If the amount of Mo added is less than 0.1 wt%, the wear resistance and sliding properties cannot be sufficiently improved, while
If the content exceeds 6 wt%, the formability is impaired as with Cr.

Cu is an element that improves the initial sliding characteristics of the material used as the sliding member, and is contained at 0.5 to 5 wt%. When the Cu content is less than 0.5 wt%, the improvement effect is not sufficient, and on the other hand, it is an element that induces seizure, and especially when the content exceeds 5 wt%, seizure tends to occur. , Its content is set in the range of 0.5 to 5 wt%.

W is 0.3 to 7 w in order to combine with C to form a high hardness double carbide to improve the wear resistance of the material.
Contains t%. If the W content is less than 0.3 wt%, the effect of improving the wear resistance is not sufficient, and if the W content exceeds 7 wt%, the wear amount of the mating material increases.

Similar to W, V is 0.5 to 3 wt% in order to form a carbide having a high hardness and improve the wear resistance of the material.
contains. When the V content is less than 0.5 wt%, the wear resistance effect is small, and when the V content exceeds 3 wt%, the wear amount of the mating material is increased like W.

P is an element effective for improving the wear resistance of the entire material by combining with Cu to form Cu ₃ P having high hardness, and combining with Fe to form a steadite phase having high hardness. And 0.1 to 1 wt% is contained in the alloy. Here, the above-mentioned steadite phase is a ternary eutectic of Fe, P and C,
Since it has extremely high hardness, the wear resistance of the material can be greatly improved. When the content of P is less than 0.1 wt%, the amount of steadite phase produced is small and the effect of improving wear resistance is not sufficient. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 1 wt%, the strength of the material remarkably increases. descend.

The P component necessary for forming the above-mentioned stedite phase may be contained in the Fe-based sintered alloy in advance, but it is contained in the Cu-based alloy used in the infiltration operation described later. You may keep it. Here, by adding P to the Cu-based alloy containing Sn, the Cu base is hardened,
It is possible to form phosphor bronze with good compatibility. The P component has a high rate of remaining in the Cu-based alloy to form phosphor bronze. Therefore, in the case where the P-component is contained in the Cu-based alloy in advance, including the P-component necessary for forming the steadite phase, the content thereof is larger than that in the Fe-based sintered alloy. Is preferably set to a large value of 0.03 to 3 wt%.

C combines with Fe constituting the matrix and various additive elements to form a carbide having a high hardness, and
It is an element necessary to generate a steadite phase, and is 0.
1 to 3 wt% is contained.

When the C content is less than 0.1 wt%,
The amount of carbide and steadite phase produced is small and the effect of improving wear resistance is not sufficient.

On the other hand, if the content exceeds 3 wt%, the amount of carbides and steadite phase produced is large, the toughness of the base material is reduced, and the attacking property at the time of sliding is increased, and the other material The amount of wear of the.

The ceramic powder dispersed between the particles of the Fe-based sintered alloy is added to further improve the wear resistance of the entire material. As a ceramic powder, 3Al ₂ O ₃ · 2SiO is used because of its high hardness and slipperiness.
₂ (mullite), Si ₃ N ₄ (silicon nitride), ZrO ₂
1 selected from (zirconia), TiN (titanium nitride), SiC (silicon carbide) and TiC (titanium carbide)
One kind or a combination of two or more kinds is used. 3A above
The diameter of l ₂ O ₃ · 2SiO ₂ is 0.3 to 10 μm.
It is preferable to use whisker-shaped mullite powder, which is a needle-shaped single crystal having m and a length of 15 to 100 μm. When granular Si ₃ N ₄ powder, ZrO ₂ powder, or TiN powder is used, a powder having an average particle size of 0.5 to 100 μm is suitable. When the average particle size is less than 0.5 μm, the effect of improving the wear resistance of the material is small, while the average particle size is 10
When it exceeds 0 μm, the structural strength of the entire material decreases and the ceramic powder easily falls off from the material surface during sliding. Therefore, the average particle size of the ceramic powder is set in the above range.

Since the above-mentioned whisker-like mullite powder has a large structural strength, it is effective in increasing the structural strength of the Fe-based sintered alloy phase which becomes the matrix and the soft metal phase described later, and moreover it is compared with other ceramic whiskers. Since it is inexpensive, the material cost can be reduced. Since SiC and TiC have a slightly higher hardness than other ceramic powders, they improve the wear resistance of the material and at the same time easily attack the mating material. Therefore, when using SiC and TiC, the mating material is also used. It is necessary to use a material having high hardness. Therefore, as the ceramic powder, the above Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ , Si ₃ N ₄ , ZrO _{2 is used.}
And TiN are particularly preferred.

The volume ratio of the ceramic powder contained in the wear resistant material is set to 5 to 20%. When the volume ratio of the ceramic powder is less than 5%, the effect of improving the wear resistance of the material is insufficient, while the volume ratio is 20%.
When it exceeds%, the structural strength of the entire material is lowered and the ceramic powder is liable to drop off from the material during sliding.

Then, a mixed powder of the metal powder for forming the Fe-based sintered alloy that serves as a matrix and the above-mentioned ceramic powder is molded and sintered to form a porous Fe-based sintered body in which the ceramic powder is dispersed. Bond gold is produced.

Next, Fe containing the above ceramic powder dispersed therein
In the pores of the base sintered alloy, Cu is formed by the usual infiltration method.
The base alloy is impregnated, and the impregnated Cu base alloy forms a soft metal phase. The soft metal phase composed of this Cu-based alloy has an excellent effect of improving the conformability of the material. Further, the ceramic powder is fixed to the Fe-based sintered alloy in such a manner that the ceramic powder is adhered to the Fe-based sintered alloy or surrounds the ceramic powder, and the Fe-based sintered alloy particles and the Cu are fixed.
Since the mutual bonding strength between the base alloy and the ceramic powder is increased, it is extremely effective in preventing the ceramic powder from falling out of the material.

If P is contained in the Fe-based sintered alloy or Cu-based alloy, molten Cu penetrates into the grain boundaries of the Fe-based sintered alloy during the infiltration operation, and P, Fe and C The eutectic reaction with and proceeds to form a high hardness steadite phase composed of a ternary eutectic dispersed in the grain boundaries. The formation of this steadite phase significantly improves the wear resistance of the entire material.

As the Cu-based alloy constituting the soft metal phase, it is desirable to use bronze containing 2 to 15 wt% of Sn and the balance of Cu. Sn is alloyed with Cu to become harder bronze, and exhibits the effect of improving the initial sliding characteristics of the material. If the content is less than 2%, the improvement effect is small, and adhesion with the mating material is likely to occur, while if the content exceeds 15 wt%, a high hardness δ phase (delta bronze: Cu ₃ Sn ₂ ) precipitates, The content of Sn is set in the range of 2 to 15 wt% because the attacking property against the opponent is increased.

Further, the volume ratio of the soft metal phase to the wear resistant material, that is, F containing ceramic powder is used.
The volume ratio of the pores of the e-based sintered alloy is set to 5 to 20 vol%. If this volume ratio is less than 5 vol%, the proportion of the soft metal phase will be relatively reduced, and the effect of improving the material compatibility will be less, while if the volume ratio exceeds 20 vol%, the proportion of the soft metal phase will be reduced. Becomes excessive, and the wear resistance and structural strength of the entire material deteriorate.

By the way, as mentioned above, in recent years,
In many cases, the inverter is operated under severe conditions where the rotation speed fluctuates significantly, and at the moment when the rotation speed suddenly changes, the lubrication state of the sliding material made of wear-resistant material deteriorates. The risk of seizure is also high. However, when the sliding member is made of a wear-resistant material having a soft metal phase like the material of the present application, a lubricating action is exerted, and the risk of seizure can be greatly reduced. Further, by forming the soft metal phase, the ceramic powder can be fixed to the sintered alloy particles by closely adhering the ceramic powder or surrounding the ceramic powder. That is, it becomes possible to increase the mutual bonding strength among the sintered alloy particles, the Cu-based alloy, and the ceramic powder, and unlike the composite material formed simply by the two phases of the sintered alloy and the ceramic powder, the material during sliding. It is possible to effectively prevent the ceramic powder from falling off the surface.

The wear resistant material of the present invention exhibiting the above-mentioned properties is manufactured by the following procedure. That is, first, a predetermined amount of the above-mentioned various element powders or alloy powders, ceramics powders and lubricants are added to iron powder to form a mixed powder, and the obtained mixed powder is compressed at a molding pressure of 500 to 700 MPa to obtain a molded body having a predetermined shape. And then, the obtained molded body in a reducing gas atmosphere such as hydrogen, or a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere,
Degreasing is performed at a temperature of 500 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours. Further, the degreased compact was heated at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. for 1.5 to 3 hours in a reduced pressure atmosphere or a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere to disperse the ceramic powder in the alloy structure F.
An e-based sintered alloy is formed.

Next, in the voids of the obtained Fe-based sintered alloy,
Infiltrate a Cu-based alloy. This infiltration operation is performed according to a normal infiltration method. That is, the above Fe-based sintered alloy and Cu
By heating above the melting point of the Cu-based alloy in a state of contacting with the base-based alloy, the Cu-based alloy is infiltrated into the pores,
A soft metal phase is formed and, if necessary, a steadite phase is formed at the grain boundary.

By this infiltration treatment, the pores between the Fe-based sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder are filled, and the soft metal phase made of the Cu-based alloy is generated. The volume ratio of this soft metal phase is 5 to 20 vo with respect to the total volume of the wear resistant material.
It is recommended to set it to 1%. This soft metal phase not only improves the conformability of the material, but also enhances the adhesion of the ceramic powder to the sintered alloy particles and the Cu-based alloy as described above, preventing the ceramic powder from falling off during sliding, and also Fe-based. It plays a role of sealing the pores of the matrix structure of the sintered alloy (sealing function) and imparts pressure resistance (airtightness) to the material. By performing this infiltration treatment, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant gas in the compressor from passing through the abrasion resistant material, so that the volumetric efficiency of the compressor can be improved.

In the wear resistant material according to the present invention, when P is not contained as a constituent component, the steadite phase is not formed. However, even in this case, a Fe-based sintered alloy structure having high toughness and excellent wear resistance, a ceramic powder that further enhances wear resistance, and a soft metal phase made of a Cu-based alloy having excellent compatibility are provided. Therefore, it has excellent sliding characteristics and is particularly suitable as a wear-resistant material for forming rollers of a compressor.

Further, in the wear resistant material according to the present invention,
When Mo, V, W components are not contained as constituent components, hard carbides such as Mo, V, W are not formed,
The wear resistance of the entire material is slightly reduced, but when used as a sliding material, the opponent attacking property is reduced. Therefore,
In particular, it is suitable as a material for cylinders and bearings that constitute a compressor.

The wear-resistant material prepared as described above is subjected to a surface hardening treatment using an ion nitriding method to form a nitride layer having a thickness of about 5 to 20 μm on the surface of the sintered alloy of the material. Thereby, the wear resistance of the material can be further improved. According to the above-mentioned ion nitriding method, only the surface of the sintered alloy constituting the material, for example, Cr which is an alloy component
Reacts with the ionized nitrogen to form a nitride layer made of chromium nitride, which is denser and has higher hardness than the gas nitriding method. On the other hand, the soft metal phase (Cu
Since the base alloy phase) is not nitrided and remains as it is, the slidability (compatibility) of the material is maintained without being impaired.

[0051]

Embodiments Next, one embodiment of a wear resistant material according to the present invention and a compressor using the material for a sliding portion will be described by taking a rotary compressor having rollers, vanes and cylinders as sliding portions as an example. Description will be made in comparison with the conventional example.

Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 The vanes used in the compressors of Examples 1-5 were prepared as follows. That is, SUS440 having an average particle size of 80 μm
C powder, SKD-11 powder, Fe powder, and graphite powder (graphite) having an average particle diameter of 10 μm are weighed in predetermined amounts, and as shown in Table 1, mullite having an average particle diameter of 3 to 8 μm (3A
1 ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ ), TiN, Si ₃ N ₄ powders were weighed so that the volume ratio was 5 to 15%, and finally Table 1
Each powder was mixed so as to have the composition shown in the left column of the above, and 1 part by weight of the lubricant was added to 100 parts by weight of this mixed powder and mixed to prepare 5 kinds of uniform powder mixture.

Next, each powder mixture is molded under a molding pressure of 600 to 700.
Pressed at MPa, the molding density is 5.8 ~ 6.0g / cm ³
A molded body of was obtained. Then, each molded body was degreased by heating in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 600 ° C. for 2 hours.

Then, the degreased compacts were sintered in a depressurized hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1100 to 1190 ° C. for 2 hours and gradually cooled. And 40-90 at a temperature of 850-950 ° C
After holding for a minute, gas cooling was performed to quench each sintered body. As a result, Fe having a density of 6.0 to 6.4 g / cm ³ was obtained.
A base sintered alloy was obtained.

Next, each of the Fe-based sintered alloys subjected to quenching treatment was
The Cu-based alloy is infiltrated into the pores of the Fe-based sintered alloy by heating above the melting point temperature of the Cu alloy to melt the Cu-based alloy while being placed on the Sn-Cu alloy powder, A soft metal phase having the composition shown in Table 1 was formed.
Further, after finishing the surface of each of the obtained vanes, a nitride layer having a thickness of 7 μm was formed by an ion nitriding method.
Finally, Examples 1 to 5 having a three-phase structure of an Fe-based sintered alloy phase having a composition as shown in Table 1, a ceramic phase and a soft metal phase, and forming a nitride layer on the surface thereof The vanes used in the compressor were prepared.

Here, when a test piece was cut out from each vane and its composite metal structure was observed under a microscope, as shown in FIG. 3, particles of the Fe-based sintered alloy 20 composed of highly tough particles such as Cr--Mo--Fe were obtained. And the ceramic powder 22 dispersed between the sintered alloy particles, and C filling the voids between the particles of the Fe-based sintered alloy 20 and the ceramic powder 22.
A composite alloy structure composed of the soft metal phase 21 composed of the u-based alloy was observed.

On the other hand, in order to compare with the vanes made of the above-mentioned composite sintered alloy, SUS440C which is a conventional material is used as Comparative Example 1.
The (Fe-1.7Cr-1.1C) molten product was similarly subjected to ion nitriding treatment to manufacture vanes having the same dimensions as those in Examples 1 to 5.

Next, as a roller used in combination with each of the above vanes, a conventional material such as monichrome cast iron (Fe-0.3) is used.
Mo-1Ni-1.2Cr-3.2C) melt product was subjected to quenching treatment to manufacture a roller having a predetermined size.

The cylinder is Fe-2.2Si-3.4.
FC200 material having a composition of C was used.

The vanes, rollers and cylinders of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 thus manufactured are mounted on the rotary compressor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and high speed operation and low speed operation are repeated at predetermined intervals by inverter control. The condition that the lubrication condition worsens is set, and the refrigerator oil temperature is set to 1
An endurance test was conducted by setting the temperature to 30 ° C. and continuously operating for 3000 hours. Then, the wear amount of each vane tip portion and the roller outer peripheral portion at the time when the operation time reached 3000 hours was measured, and the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.

[0061]

[Table 1]

As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, in the compressor using the vanes according to Examples 1 to 5, the sliding portion was made of a material having excellent wear resistance, lubricity and thermal stability. Since the vane of No. 1 is formed, the wear of the sliding portion is smaller than that of the compressor formed of the conventional material shown in Comparative Example 1, even after operating for a long time under high temperature and severe motion conditions. It has excellent durability. In particular, the amount of ceramic powder that falls off from the vanes during sliding is small, and there is little galling in the sliding parts, and the amount of wear in the vane grooves of the cylinder is less than 1 μm. It was confirmed that the phenomenon of wear did not occur and the initial sliding characteristics were improved.

[0063]

As described above, the wear-resistant material, the method for producing the same, and the compressor using the material according to the present invention are more stable under high temperature conditions than conventional materials. And because the sliding part is made of a material with excellent wear resistance, lubricity and seizure resistance, it exhibits excellent durability even when it is operated under severe conditions for a long period of time. A compressor can be provided.

In particular, in the material structure of the sliding portion, since the soft metal phase made of a Cu-based alloy having excellent conformability is formed, the opponent attacking property as a sliding material is small and the initial sliding characteristics are excellent. A compressor having a long life can be provided.

According to the wear resistant material of the present invention,
Wear resistance can be further improved by dispersing the ceramic powder between the sintered alloy particles having high structural strength. Further, since the Cu-based alloy is infiltrated into the space between the sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder to form the soft metal phase, the adhesion of the ceramic powder to the sintered alloy can be enhanced, and during sliding, It is possible to effectively prevent the ceramic powder from falling out of the material.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a hermetic rotary compressor.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view showing a rotor portion of the compressor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the composite metal structure of the wear resistant material according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 compressor 2 casing 3a motor 3b compression element 4 rotating shaft 5 main bearing 6 auxiliary bearing 7 partition plate 8,8a, 8b cylinder 9,9a, 9b eccentric part 10,10a, 10b roller 11,11a, 11b vane 12 Suction port 13a, 13b Suction chamber 14a, 14b Compression chamber 15 Discharge port 20 Fe-based sintered alloy 21 Soft metal phase (Cu-based alloy phase) 22 Ceramic powder

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. Wear resistance characterized in that a ceramic powder is dispersed between sintered alloy particles constituting a matrix, and a soft metal phase is interposed between the sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder. material. 2. The ceramic powder is 3Al ₂ O ₃ .2.
The wear resistant material according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from SiO ₂ , Si ₃ N ₄ , ZrO ₂ , TiN, SiC and TiC. 3. The wear resistant material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the ceramic powder contained in the wear resistant material is 5 to 20%. 4. The volume ratio of the soft metal phase present in the wear resistant material is 5 to 20%.
Abrasion resistant material as described. 5. The soft metallic phase is 2 to 15% by weight of S.
The wear resistant material according to claim 1, wherein the wear resistant material is made of a Cu-based alloy having n and the balance Cu. 6. A metal powder for forming a sintered alloy,
_{3Al 2 O 3 · 2SiO 2,} Si 3 N 4, ZrO 2, T
At least one selected from iN, SiC and TiC
A ceramic powder is mixed to prepare a mixed powder, the mixed powder is molded and then sintered to form a sintered alloy, and the sintered alloy is infiltrated with an alloy composed of 2 to 15 wt% Sn and the balance Cu. A method for producing an abrasion resistant material, comprising: 7. Sintered alloy particles forming a matrix in a compressor provided with a cylinder, a roller eccentrically rotating while slidingly contacting the inner surface of the cylinder, and a vane moving in and out of the cylinder while slidingly contacting the roller. A compressor characterized in that a ceramic powder is dispersed in the space, and the vane is made of a wear resistant material in which a soft metal phase is present between the sintered alloy particles and the ceramic powder.