JPH07171228A - Method for fire fighting - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To extinguish surely not only the fire A but also the fire B and the fire C by substituting for a method for fire fighting only with water as a fire fighting medium. CONSTITUTION:A high pressure container 15 wherein a water soln. wherein one or two or more selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, a compd. of potassium hydrogencarbonate with urea, potassium citrate potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium lactate and potassium carbonate are dissolved is filled is provided and e.g. when a fire B occurs, a switch valve 15a is opened by its detecting signal or manually. The water soln. wherein chemicals for fire fighting are dissolved under high pressure in the high pressure container 15 is made into a mist 14 and is sprayed to the fire 2 from a spray head through a pipeline 16.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method for extinguishing a fire by spraying an aqueous solution in which a fire extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalytic effect is sprayed from a spray nozzle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the Fire Service Law, fires such as wood and paper (A fire), oil fire (B fire) and electric fire (C fire)
On the other hand, on the other hand, commercially available fire extinguishing agents include water-based fire extinguishing agents (eg water, strengthening liquid extinguishing agent mainly containing potassium carbonate), foam type extinguishing agents (eg light water), gas fire extinguishing agents. There are chemicals (eg halon fire extinguishing agents, carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agents) and powder type extinguishing agents (eg ammonium monophosphate, ammonium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, compounds of potassium bicarbonate and urea) Although appropriate extinguishing agents are used depending on the type, among these various extinguishing agents, halon, which is one of the gas-based extinguishing agents, destroys the ozone layer of the earth, so its production is limited and Is destined to be totally abolished, and is looking for an alternative technology.

The characteristics of the gas-based fire extinguishing agent including the halon are two types of fire extinguishing methods, that is, a local emission method and an all-area emission method. Originally, it was thought that water had a fire-extinguishing effect only on fire A as a target for fire-extinguishing, but a technique is also considered that fire B can be extinguished depending on the method of use. As an example of fire extinguishing technology using water instead of Halon, international publication No. There is one described in WO92 / 20453. As a method of use, as a local discharge method, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), water is pressurized to a high pressure state, and the high pressure water is directly sprayed from the spray head 1 toward the flame 2 to extinguish the fire. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the all-area emission method does not directly spray the fire in the enclosed space A but indirectly irradiates the spray particles with fine particles. Therefore, the residence time from the radiation to the fall to the ground is long, and there are some that extinguish the fire by filling the entire space with the spray liquid. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the spray head 1 is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 4 at predetermined intervals around the center of the nozzle body 3 and the spray nozzles 4 and the nozzle body 3 respectively. The spray nozzle 4 has a mouthpiece 7 having a spray hole 6 and a disk filter 8 made of a sintered alloy in the nozzle body 3. It is rotatably supported through, and has a rotating body 10 whose tip is in contact with the tapered surface of the mouthpiece 7 and whose front end has a slit 9 formed in an oblique direction. The spindle 11 is pushed down against the spring 12 by the high-pressure water press-fitted into the high-pressure water circulation hole 5, and the disc filter 8
By passing the high-pressure water that has passed through the slit 9, the liquid sent to the conical rotation chamber 13 between the rotating body 10 and the mouthpiece 7 becomes a high-speed rotating fluid, which is discharged from the spray hole 6. At this time, the fog 14 has an extremely fine particle diameter, and the fog 14 covers the flame 2 to extinguish the fire.

[0004]

According to the above conventional extinguishing method, the mist 14 covers the flame 2 to cool the gas phase, dilute the oxygen concentration by vaporization of the mist 14 and wet the combustion surface. As a result of experiments, it was revealed that it is possible to extinguish not only the fire but also the B fire. However, since only water is used as the extinguishing agent, when the area of the flame 2 becomes large, the fire is surely extinguished. It was not possible to do so, and the fire extinguishing ability was not satisfactory (see "Water" in Figure 2).

In view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing method which can surely extinguish not only A fire but also B and C fires by substituting the fire extinguishing method using only water as a fire extinguishing medium. It is intended to be provided.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is to irradiate an aqueous solution in which a fire extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalyst effect is dissolved under high pressure from a spray head. It is a feature.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, an aqueous solution in which a fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalytic effect is dissolved, including the main components of powder fire-extinguishing agents currently on the market, Monobasic ammonium phosphate, dibasic ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, a compound of potassium bicarbonate and urea, potassium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, lactic acid It is characterized in that one or more of potassium and potassium carbonate are dissolved.

[0008]

In the invention of claim 1, when extinguishing a fire, an aqueous solution in which a fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalyst effect is dissolved is radiated from a spray head toward a flame in a high pressure state, or is enclosed space. By indirectly radiating a fire as shown in FIG. 4B, it is only necessary to cover the flame with mist. As a result, the extinguishing effect is synergistic due to the cooling of the gas phase, the dilution of the oxygen concentration due to the vaporization of the mist, the wetting of the combustion surface, and the negative catalytic effect originally possessed by the extinguishing agent that remains after the water content of the aqueous solution is evaporated. It is possible to surely extinguish the fire not only by the A fire but also by the B and C fires, and even when the flame area is large.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as the fire extinguishing agent, commercially available powder-type fire extinguishing agents and powder-type fire extinguishing agents having a negative catalytic effect, that is, ammonium phosphate monobasic, ammonium phosphate dibasic and ammonium sulfate, One or more of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, a compound of potassium bicarbonate and urea, potassium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium lactate and potassium carbonate. Since it is dissolved, it is possible to more surely extinguish the fire by utilizing the chemical extinguishing action of the powder-type extinguishing agent.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
A high-pressure container 15 with an opening / closing valve 15a filled with an aqueous solution in which a fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalytic effect is filled is provided, and the high-pressure container 15 and the spray head 1 are connected by a pipe 16
It is connected and communicated via.

In the high-pressure vessel 15, an aqueous solution in which a fire extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalytic effect is dissolved, nitrogen gas,
A compressed gas such as carbon dioxide is filled, and the aqueous solution in which the fire extinguishing agent is dissolved is pressurized at a high pressure of at least 10 kg per square centimeter, preferably at least 100 kg. Instead of using the high pressure container 15, an aqueous solution in which the fire extinguishing agent is dissolved may be pressurized by a compression pump or the like to be in a high pressure state.

The spray head 1 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used. For example, the particle diameter of each spray nozzle 4 is 20 to 200 μm from each spray nozzle 4 which is arranged on the ceiling in a direction in which a fire is expected to occur. The mist 14 is sprayed and emitted toward the flame 2.

An aqueous solution in which a fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalytic effect is dissolved is ammonium monophosphate, dibasic ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, a compound of potassium bicarbonate and urea, One or two or more of potassium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium lactate and potassium carbonate are dissolved, and by a chemical action called a negative catalytic effect. It is for extinguishing fire, and spray head 1
The particle size of the fog 14 emitted from the spray is 20 to 200 μm.
Extinguishing effect is effectively exhibited in the following cases, and when exceeding 200 μm, the extinguishing effect cannot be expected so much. The reason for this is that if the particle size is sufficiently small, the heat of combustion evaporates the water in the particles, leaving the extinguishing agent powdered and further heated to cause decomposition, which causes a negative catalytic action. Although effective, if the particle size is large, the evaporation of the water content is not complete, so the fire-extinguishing effect of the fire-extinguishing agent cannot be expected.

In the above structure, when a fire occurs, the open / close valve 15a is opened by a detection signal or manually. As a result, the aqueous solution in which the fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing effect due to the negative catalytic effect is dissolved is sprayed toward the flame 2 from each spray nozzle 4 of the spray head 1 into a mist 14 under high pressure.

In this case, by covering the flame 2 with the mist 14, the moisture of the mist 14 is first vaporized and evaporated by the combustion heat, and then the extinguishing agent of the mist 14 is thermally decomposed to extinguish the remaining flame 2. Is. That is, the extinction principle is (1) cooling of the gas phase, (2) dilution of the oxygen concentration by vaporization of the spray liquid, (3)
Wetting of the combustion surface, and (4) chemical extinguishing due to the negative catalytic effect, which can be surely extinguished not only in A fire but also in B and C fires, and even when the flame area is large. it can.

Explaining an experimental example, in FIG. 1, the depth is 30 cm, and the area is 45 × 45, 63 × 63,7.
The sewage water 19 is stored in a depth of 15 cm in each of the 7 × 77 and 89 × 89 cm combustion burners 18 and the normal heptane 20 is placed in a depth of 3 cm on the sewage water 19 so that the space between the spray head 1 and the combustion crater 18 is increased. The distance H is set to 1.5 m, and the high-pressure vessel 15 is filled with water alone or an aqueous solution in which various extinguishing agents are dissolved in a predetermined concentration as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and nitrogen gas is filled, The pressure was increased so that the initial pressure was 100 kg per 1 cm 2. In this state, the normal heptane 20 is ignited, pre-combustion is performed for 1 minute, the opening / closing valve 15a is opened, and the spray head 1 causes the mist 14 having a particle diameter of 20 to 200 μm.
Was sprayed and radiated, and the mist 14 covered the flame 2.

The results of the experiment are as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and in the case of only water, the fire cannot be extinguished when the area of the combustion tray 18 becomes large (77 × 77 cm or more). On the other hand, in the case of an aqueous solution in which various extinguishing agents having a fire extinguishing effect due to a negative catalyst effect are dissolved, by appropriately adjusting the concentration of the extinguishing agent, even if the area of the combustion fire tray 18 becomes large, I was able to put out the fire.

[0018]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by covering the flame with the mist emitted from the spray head, the fire is extinguished by cooling the gas phase, diluting the oxygen concentration by vaporizing the mist, and wetting the combustion surface. With the synergistic effect of the mist and the extinguishing action due to the negative catalytic effect of the extinguishing agent, the fire is surely extinguished not only in A fire but also in B and C fires, and even when the flame area is large. You can
It can be sufficiently used as a substitute for gas fire extinguishing agents.

Further, since the main component of the fog is water, the amount discharged from the head is small, and only a small amount of the fire extinguishing agent is used, it is economical and the environmental pollution due to the fire extinguishing agent is minimized. be able to.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as the fire extinguishing agent, commercially available powder-type fire extinguishing agents and others, in the fire extinguishing mechanism, are powder type fire extinguishing agents such as ammonium phosphate monobasic, second Of the ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, compounds of potassium bicarbonate and urea, potassium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium lactate and potassium carbonate, among them Since one kind or two or more kinds are dissolved, it is possible to more surely extinguish the fire by utilizing the chemical extinguishing action of the powder type fire extinguishing agent.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a fire extinguisher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a chart showing experimental results.

FIG. 3 is a chart showing experimental results.

FIG. 4A is a schematic explanatory diagram of a local emission system, and FIG. 4B is a schematic explanatory diagram of a global emission system.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a spray head used in a fire extinguisher.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the spray head.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Spray Head 2 Flame 15 High Pressure Vessel 18 Combustion Tray 19 Shimomizu 20 Normal Heptane

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fire extinguishing method, characterized in that an aqueous solution in which a fire extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing action due to a negative catalytic effect is dissolved is sprayed and emitted from a spray nozzle in a high pressure state. 2. An aqueous solution in which a fire-extinguishing agent having a fire extinguishing action due to a negative catalytic effect is dissolved is ammonium monophosphate, dibasic ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and urea. The compound, potassium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium citrate, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium lactate, and potassium carbonate, and one or more of them are dissolved, and the compound is characterized in that: Extinguishing method.