JPH07158994A - Air conditioning device using absorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain a proper amount of solution in a reproducer and achieve an efficient and smooth operation of an air conditioning device. CONSTITUTION:A controller 30 is provided with an arithmetic operation means 7 and a control means 8. A sensor Tg is connected to a sensor Ti in the arithmetic operation means 7. The temperatures of a reproducer 12 and an absorber 20 are input from those sensors, thereby computing the in-flow of a diluted solution to the reproducer. The control means 7 is connected to a pump 23 which feeds the diluted solution from a diluted solution tank 21 to the reproducer. When the value of flow rate of the distributing solution is fed from the arithmetic operation means, the pump is driven based on a computed value. Therefore, the amount of diluted solution fed to the reproducer is computed based on the temperatures detected by the sensors so that an optimum amount of diluted solution may be fed constantly to the reproducer based on the values. This construction makes it possible to achieve a smooth and efficient operation of an air conditioning device.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine for general houses and small buildings, and more particularly to an air conditioner capable of maintaining good efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, an air conditioner using an absorption chiller is mainly used for industrial or commercial facilities such as a building or a large store.

In the cooling system of an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerator, the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the regenerator is condensed in a water-cooled condenser, and the condensed refrigerant is guided to the evaporator to be evaporated. The cooling heat medium (usually water) that circulates between the fan coil unit provided in the room to be cooled and the refrigerator is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization at that time. On the other hand, the evaporated refrigerant vapor is operated in a cycle in which a water-cooled absorber absorbs the concentrated solution (absorption liquid) and returns it to the regenerator.

In an air conditioner using this type of absorption refrigerator, the temperature of the cold heat medium circulated in the indoor fan coil unit is cooled to around 7 ° C. in the evaporator, and the cold heat medium is circulated in the indoor fan coil. It is circulated to cool the indoor air and return it to the evaporator at around 12 ° C. When using an aqueous lithium bromide solution as the absorbing liquid, it is necessary to maintain the temperature of the absorbing liquid in the absorber at around 40 ° C. To maintain this temperature, a cooling tower is installed on the rooftop or the like, and the water cooling circuit is installed. The method of cooling is adopted.

However, the conventional air conditioner using the absorption type refrigerating machine adopting such a water cooling system has the following problems.

(1) Since the temperature of the absorber is controlled by a water cooling system, the equipment becomes large and piping is required. Therefore, a lot of construction cost is required, which is a problem for general houses and small buildings. Not suitable for cooling.

(2) Since it is necessary to connect the fan coil unit and the refrigerator in the room to be cooled by the pipe for circulating the heating / cooling medium, the construction cost and equipment cost are high. The same applies to an ammonia absorption refrigerator that uses ammonia water as the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant.

Therefore, the present inventors cool the condenser and the absorber by an air cooling method instead of the water cooling method during the cooling operation, and the refrigerant is sent from the condenser to the evaporator without using a pump. A patent application has already been filed for an air conditioner having a cooling mode in which the evaporator is located in a passage through which the room air to be air-conditioned passes and the room air is cooled by directly contacting the outside of the evaporator with the pressure difference. (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-22351).

FIG. 4 shows an essential part of a modified example of an air conditioner using the single-effect absorption refrigerator proposed in the above application, and FIG.
Indicates the installation status of the air conditioner.

As shown in FIG. 5, the air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 1
The outdoor unit 1 is arranged outside the room 5 of the house to be air-conditioned with the configuration shown in FIG. 4, and the indoor unit 2 has only the outlet for cool air and the inlet for indoor air. It has and is arranged inside the chamber 5. The outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a blower duct 3 for cold air and an intake duct 4 for indoor air. A blower fan 11 is provided at a predetermined place in the blower duct 3 or the intake duct 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a remote controller for starting or stopping the operation of the air conditioner, setting or canceling automatic operation, setting the room temperature, setting the amount of cold air blown out, and the like.

The inside of the outdoor unit 1 has a structure as shown in FIG. 4, in which an aqueous lithium bromide solution is used as the absorbing liquid and water is used as the refrigerant.

The evaporator 10 is installed at a position where the blower duct 3 and the intake duct 4 are connected to each other. The inside of the evaporator 10 evaporates the refrigerant due to the depressurization action, and the latent heat of vaporization (vaporization heat) acts to cool it from the inside. I am supposed to receive it.

The regenerator 12 has a function of generating a refrigerant vapor by heating the absorbing solution (dilute solution) having a low concentration by absorbing the refrigerant by the burner 13 and concentrating the concentration of the absorbing solution. Fuel supply pipe 1 to burner 13
4, fuel gas is supplied, and the degree of combustion is adjusted by the fuel supply control valve 15.

The condenser 16 has a function of cooling the refrigerant vapor sent from the regenerator 12 by the air cooling fan 17 and liquefying it, and sending this liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator 10.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a refrigerant tank for controlling a total amount of the refrigerant circulating in the air conditioner and a part of the refrigerant for controlling the concentration of the dilute solution supplied to the regenerator 12. Yes, and is connected to the condenser 16 via valve V5.

The absorber 20 stores the absorbing liquid, has a function of absorbing the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 10 into the absorbing liquid, and is cooled by the same air cooling fan 17 as the condenser 16. The absorbing liquid which has absorbed the refrigerant and has a low concentration is temporarily stored in the dilute solution tank 21.

Reference numeral 22 denotes heat for exchanging heat between the low-concentration low-concentration absorption liquid flowing from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12 and the high-concentration high-temperature absorption liquid flowing from the regenerator 12 to the absorber 20. An exchanger, 23 is a pump that absorbs the refrigerant and sends out an absorbent having a low concentration from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12, and 24 is one between the upstream side of the evaporator 10 and the downstream side of the condenser 16. A capillary provided between them or a pressure loss means corresponding thereto.

All of V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5 are regulating valves such as solenoid valves, and in particular V4 is a regulating valve having a check valve function.

The above air conditioner basically controls each container by controlling the temperature of each container except that the pump 23 is used to deliver the absorbing liquid from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12. A pressure difference is created between them, and the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid are delivered and circulated by the pressure difference.

[0020]

In such an air-cooling type air conditioner, a dilute solution is sent from a dilute solution tank to a regenerator by a pump and heated by the regenerator so that the dilute solution concentrates with water as a refrigerant. Is being supplied. Further, the supply of the solution from the regenerator to the absorber is based on the pressure difference between the regenerator and the absorber, and when the pressure difference between the two is reduced, the supply amount of the solution is also reduced. When the supply of the solution to the absorber decreases, the amount of the solution in the regenerator becomes excessive, which may cause a liquid level abnormality in the regenerator. Further, when a large amount of the dilute solution having a low temperature is supplied to the regenerator having a decreased temperature, the temperature, that is, the pressure is further decreased, which may hinder the smooth operation of the air conditioner.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a pump for feeding a dilute solution having absorbed refrigerant vapor from a dilute solution tank to a regenerator, and a refrigerant vapor by heating the dilute solution fed by the pump. And a regenerator that generates a concentrated solution, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator, an evaporator that vaporizes the condensed refrigerant, and an absorbing liquid that absorbs the refrigerant and vaporizes in the evaporator. An absorber that absorbs the absorbed refrigerant vapor into the absorbing liquid; and an air-cooling fan that cools both the absorber and the condenser, and the evaporator is arranged in a passage for introducing the air to be cooled in the room. After directly cooling the air, in an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerator that cools the air by directly blowing the cooled air into the room through a duct, the supply amount of the dilute solution to the regenerator is optimized,
The objective is to realize efficient and smooth cooling operation.

[0022]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pump for feeding a dilute solution having absorbed refrigerant vapor from a dilute solution tank to a regenerator, and a heating of the dilute solution fed by the pump. A regenerator that generates a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated solution, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator, an evaporator that vaporizes the condensed refrigerant, and an absorbing liquid that absorbs the refrigerant An absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor vaporized in the evaporator into the absorbing liquid, and an air cooling fan for cooling both the absorber and the condenser are provided, and the evaporator is arranged in a passage for introducing air to be cooled in the room. After cooling the indoor air directly, the cooled air is blown directly into the room through a duct to cool the room, and in an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerator, the solution temperature t1 of the regenerator is detected. 1 detection means , Of the rare solution tank solution temperature t2
Detecting means for calculating the amount of dilute solution to the regenerator based on the values of the temperatures t1 and t2, and the capacity of the pump based on the calculation result of the calculating means. The air conditioner using the absorption chiller is provided with the control means.

[0023]

Operation: Regenerator temperature t1 and dilute solution tank temperature t2
The smaller the temperature difference between the two, the smaller the pressure difference between them. This decrease in pressure difference results in a decrease in pressure difference between the regenerator and the absorber, and the amount of concentrated solution supplied to the absorber also decreases.
This determines the required amount of dilute solution for the regenerator.
Therefore, by controlling the feed rate of the dilute solution to the regenerator based on the temperatures of t1 and t2, that is, by controlling the ability of the pump to pump the dilute solution from the dilute solution tank to the regenerator,
The optimal amount of dilute solution can be fed to the regenerator.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an air conditioner using a single-effect absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

Since the mechanical structure of the air conditioner according to the present invention is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 4, the description of the same parts will be omitted and different parts and electric circuits necessary for controlling the air conditioner will be described. .

In FIG. 2, T1 is a sensor for detecting the room temperature provided on the upstream side of the evaporator 10, T2 is a sensor for detecting the temperature of the blown air, T3 is a sensor for detecting the liquid level of the regenerator 12, and T4. Is a sensor for detecting the temperature of the condenser 16, T
g is a sensor as a first detecting means for detecting the temperature of the solution in the regenerator 12, and Tt is a sensor as a second detecting means for detecting the solution temperature in the dilute solution tank 21.

Further, the receiving unit 2a of the indoor unit 2 receives the setting signal from the controller 30 including the CPU, the memory and the driving circuit and the remote controller 6 (see FIG. 5), and the receiving unit 2a receives the setting signal.
A communication controller 31 for receiving signals from the communication controller 31 is provided, and the controller 30 receives signals from the sensors T1, T2 and the like and signals from the communication controller 31 and receives the signals from the blower fan 1
1, the operation of the air cooling fan 17 and the pump 23 is controlled.

Further, the controller 30 is provided with a computing means 7 and a control means 8 as shown in FIG. Computing means 7
Is connected to a sensor Tg and a sensor Tt, from which the solution temperature of the regenerator 12 and the dilute solution tank 21 is input. Then, the amount of dilute solution required for the regenerator 12 is calculated from the input temperatures t1 and t2, and the calculation result is sent to the control means 8. The control means 8 controls the motor M _{2 of the} pump 23.
And adjusts the rotation speed of the motor M ₂ based on the calculation result from the calculation means 7 to control the capacity of the pump 23.

Next, the relationship between the rotation speed of the motor M ₂ , that is, the capacity of the pump 23 and the temperatures of the regenerator 12 and the dilute solution tank 21 will be described. For example, at the start of operation, the temperature of the regenerator 12 is low, the temperature needs to be raised quickly, and the amount of concentrated solution sent from the regenerator 12 to the absorber 20 is small, so that the amount of refrigerant generated is suppressed. It is necessary to limit the inflow amount of the low temperature dilute solution. Also, the regenerator 12
When the temperature difference between the solutions in the dilute solution tank 21 and the dilute solution tank 21 becomes small, the pressure difference between the regenerator 12 and the dilute solution tank 21 decreases, and the amount of the concentrated solution moving from the regenerator 12 to the absorber 20 decreases. Decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of the dilute solution sent to the regenerator 12 in order to prevent the amount of the solution in the regenerator 12 from becoming excessive. Due to such a need, the capacity of the pump 23 is determined so that the dilute solution corresponding to the amount of the refrigerant generated in the regenerator 12 is fed to the regenerator 12 without excess or deficiency.

Regarding the relationship between the capacity of the pump 23 and the temperatures of the regenerator 12 and the dilute solution tank 21, a relational expression having such a relationship is incorporated in the calculating means 7, and the sensors Tt and Tt.
Each time the temperature from g is input, the calculation means 7 may send the calculated value to the control means 8 to control the pump 23, or connect a storage means (not shown) to the calculation means 7.
A table in which the capacity of the pump 23 and the temperatures of the regenerator 12 and the dilute solution tank 21 are associated with each other is previously stored in this storage means, and the temperature input from the sensors Tt and Tg is collated with this table to check the pump. The ability may be obtained and controlled.

Next, the operation of the cooling cycle will be described with reference to FIG.

Before the start of operation, the valves V1, V3 and V5 are closed and the valves V2 and V4 are open. The regenerator 12 is in an empty state, and the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant are stored in the diluted solution tank 21 in a mixed diluted solution state.

Turn on the operation button of the remote controller 6,
When the desired temperature or desired air volume is set, valves V1 and V
3, V5 open and valves V2, V4 close (F-
1), the motor M ₂ is driven and the dilute solution is sent from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12 by the pump 23 (F-
2). The CPU of the controller 30 judges whether the liquid level of the regenerator 12 has reached the specified level by looking at the signal from the sensor T3 (F-3), and when the liquid level has reached the specified level. Opens the fuel supply control valve 15, supplies the fuel gas from the fuel supply pipe 14, and ignites the burner 13 (F-4).

When the regenerator 12 is heated, a refrigerant vapor is generated from the dilute solution, the refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 16, and the concentrated solution (absorption liquid) from which the refrigerant has been separated is opened by the valve V1 and the absorber 20. Sent to. Since the temperature of the condenser 16 gradually rises due to the inflow of the refrigerant vapor, the CPU of the controller 30 determines from the signal from the sensor T4 whether or not the temperature of the condenser 16 has reached a predetermined value (F-5). When the predetermined value is reached, the air cooling fan 17 is rotated (F-6).
As a result, in the condenser 16, the refrigerant vapor sent from the regenerator 12 is liquefied, and the liquefied refrigerant flows into the refrigerant tank 18 via the valve V5. Next, it is determined whether or not the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 18 reaches a predetermined value (F-7), and when it reaches the predetermined value, the valve V5 is closed (F-8) and the blower fan 1
1 is rotated (F-9).

At this time, the refrigerant from the condenser 16 flows into the evaporator 10 through the capillary 24, the refrigerant evaporates (vaporizes) inside the evaporator 10, and the cooling action by the heat of vaporization occurs. As a result, the blower fan 11 causes the intake duct 4
The air sent from the inside through the chamber is cooled by directly contacting the outer surface of the evaporator 10. The cooled air is sent to the indoor unit 2 through the air duct 3 and blown into the room 5 as cold air to cool the room 5 (F-1).
0).

The refrigerant vaporized in the evaporator 10 to become vapor flows into the absorber 20, where it is absorbed by the absorbing liquid. The absorption liquid, which has absorbed the refrigerant and has a reduced concentration, once enters the dilute solution tank 21, then passes through the valve V3 by the pump 23, and is transferred from the regenerator 12 by the heat exchanger 22 to the high-concentration high-temperature absorption liquid and heat. It is exchanged and sent to the regenerator 12. This is the steady mode of cooling operation. During this time, the valve V5 is repeatedly opened and closed as needed.

Then, for example, the sensor Tg at the start of operation, etc.
When the temperature of the solution temperature t1 of the regenerator 12 detected by the above is low, the calculating means 7 calculates the amount of the dilute solution corresponding to the detected temperature t1, and the capacity of the pump 23 becomes low based on the calculated amount, and the necessary value is obtained. A sufficient amount of the dilute solution is sent to the regenerator 12 without excess or deficiency.

As a result, the amount of solution in the regenerator 12 becomes excessive even at the start of operation when the amount of solution flowing from the regenerator 12 to the absorber 20 is small because the internal pressure of the regenerator 12 is not sufficient. In addition, since a large amount of a dilute solution having a low temperature does not flow into the regenerator 12, the solution temperature can be raised quickly.

Furthermore, even during normal operation, the regenerator 12
Solution temperature t1 of the regenerator 12 decreases
And the solution temperature t2 of the dilute solution tank 21 becomes small, the pump 23 is calculated based on the calculated value of the calculating means 7.
The capacity of the regenerator 12 is controlled and the amount of the dilute solution delivered to the regenerator 12 is controlled to a required amount.
The amount of solution in the regenerator 12 does not become excessive even when the amount of solution flowing out to is small.

Therefore, the dilute solution is constantly fed from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12 in an amount sufficient for the regenerator 12 without excess or deficiency, and the required amount of refrigerant is generated for the entire air conditioner, which is efficient and smooth. The air conditioner can be operated.

Next, the temperature and pressure of the container, the absorbing liquid, and the refrigerant in each part of the system during the cooling operation will be exemplified.

Temperature (° C.) Pressure (Torr) Evaporator 10:10 to 20 10 to 20 Regenerator 12: 60 to 90 90 to 110 Condenser 16: 50 to 80 90 to 110 Absorber 20: 45 to 50 11 Refrigerant tank 18: 30-50 50 40-50 Dilute solution tank 21: 40-60 11 Heat exchanger 22: 30-90-Intake duct 4: 26 (room temperature) -Blower duct 13-20- Dilute solution: 35-40 Concentration: 61% Concentrated solution: 90 Concentration: 64.8% Then, returning to the flowchart of FIG. 3, when the operation button of the remote controller 6 is turned off (F-11), the stop process is performed (F-12). ) After that, it ends. As the stop processing, first, the burner 13 is extinguished, the valves V2 and V4 are opened,
Close valve V1. Then, after a while, the pump 23 is stopped, the valve V3 is closed, and the blower fan 11 and the air cooling fan 1
Stop 7. By doing so, the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 18 and the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 12 all flow into the dilute solution tank 21. This is for preventing the refrigerant tank 18 and the regenerator 12 from being corroded by the absorbing liquid while the apparatus is stopped, and for diluting the concentrated solution to prevent crystallization.

In the above embodiment, the refrigerant is water and the absorbing liquid is lithium bromide as in the conventional example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other substances having the same function may be used.

[0045]

According to the present invention, in the air conditioner using the absorption refrigerator, the regenerator and the dilute solution tank detect the temperature of each solution, and based on the temperatures detected by these detectors. Since the calculating means for calculating the required amount of the dilute solution in the regenerator and the control means for controlling the capacity of the pump from the calculated value are provided, the required amount of the dilute solution in the regenerator can be calculated, and based on this, By controlling the pump, the optimum amount of the dilute solution is sent to the regenerator, and the air conditioner can be operated smoothly and efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a main part of an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional air conditioner.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an installation state of an air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 outdoor unit 2 indoor unit 3 blower duct 4 intake duct 5 chamber 6 remote controller 7 computing means 8 control means 10 evaporator 11 blower fan 12 regenerator 13 burner 16 condenser 17 air-cooling fan 18 refrigerant tank 20 absorber 21 dilute solution Tank 23 Pump 30 Controller 31 Communication Controller T1, T2, T3, T4, Tg, Tt Sensor V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 Valve

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pump for feeding a dilute solution that has absorbed refrigerant vapor from a dilute solution tank to a regenerator, a regenerator for heating the dilute solution fed by the pump to generate a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated solution, A condenser that condenses the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator, an evaporator that vaporizes the condensed refrigerant, and an absorption that stores an absorbing liquid that absorbs the refrigerant and that absorbs the refrigerant vapor that is vaporized in the evaporator into the absorbing liquid. And an air cooling fan that cools both the absorber and the condenser, and the evaporator is placed in a passage for introducing the room air to be cooled, and the room air is directly cooled, and then the cooled air is cooled. In an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine that cools air by blowing air directly into a room through a duct, first detecting means for detecting a solution temperature t1 of the regenerator, and a solution temperature t2 of the dilute solution tank.
Detecting means for calculating the amount of dilute solution to the regenerator based on the values of the temperatures t1 and t2, and the capacity of the pump based on the calculation result of the calculating means. An air conditioner using an absorption chiller, comprising: a control means.