JPH07133966A - Air conditioner using absorption freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep a higher operation efficiency by preventing a liquefied refrigerant from flowing into an absorber. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerant reception part 7 is disposed below an evaporator 10, matched with a location where a liquefied refrigerant from the evaporator flows down. The refrigerant reception part is directly connected with a diluted solution tank 21 through a bypass tube 8. A gas/liquid separation part 9 is provided in the course of the bypass tube. Accordingly, even though a refrigerant not vaporized by the evaporator flows down, it is received by the refrigerant reception part and directly flows into the diluted solution tank, so that a liquefied refrigerant is prevented from flowing into an absorber 20 to sharply lower the solution concentration, and hence efficiency is not lowered owing thereto. Further, since the gas/liquid separation part is provided in the course of the bypass tube, any flow of refrigerant vapor, etc., is prevented from being produced between the evaporator and the diluted solution tank.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine for general houses and small buildings, and more particularly to an air conditioner capable of maintaining good efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, an air conditioner using an absorption chiller is mainly used for industrial or commercial facilities such as a building or a large store.

In the cooling system of an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerator, the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the regenerator is condensed in a water-cooled condenser, and the condensed refrigerant is guided to the evaporator to be evaporated. The cooling heat medium (usually water) that circulates between the fan coil unit provided in the room to be cooled and the refrigerator is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization at that time. On the other hand, the evaporated refrigerant vapor is operated in a cycle in which a water-cooled absorber absorbs the concentrated solution (absorption liquid) and returns it to the regenerator.

In an air conditioner using this type of absorption refrigerator, the temperature of the cold heat medium circulated in the indoor fan coil unit is cooled to around 7 ° C. in the evaporator, and the cold heat medium is circulated in the indoor fan coil. It is circulated to cool the indoor air and return it to the evaporator at around 12 ° C. When using an aqueous lithium bromide solution as the absorbing liquid, it is necessary to maintain the temperature of the absorbing liquid in the absorber at around 40 ° C. To maintain this temperature, a cooling tower is installed on the rooftop or the like, and the water cooling circuit is installed. The method of cooling is adopted.

However, the conventional air conditioner using the absorption type refrigerating machine adopting such a water cooling system has the following problems.

(1) Since the temperature of the absorber is controlled by a water cooling system, the equipment becomes large and piping is required. Therefore, a lot of construction cost is required, which is a problem for general houses and small buildings. Not suitable for cooling.

(2) Since it is necessary to connect the fan coil unit and the refrigerator in the room to be cooled by the pipe for circulating the heating / cooling medium, the construction cost and equipment cost are high. The same applies to an ammonia absorption refrigerator that uses ammonia water as the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant.

Therefore, the present inventors cool the condenser and the absorber by an air cooling method instead of the water cooling method during the cooling operation, and the refrigerant is sent from the condenser to the evaporator without using a pump. A patent application has already been filed for an air conditioner having a cooling mode in which the evaporator is located in a passage through which the room air to be air-conditioned passes and the room air is cooled by directly contacting the outside of the evaporator with the pressure difference. (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-22351).

FIG. 3 shows a main part of a modified example of the air conditioner using the single-effect absorption refrigerator proposed in the above application, and FIG.
Indicates the installation status of the air conditioner.

As shown in FIG. 4, the air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 1
The outdoor unit 1 is arranged outside the room 5 of the house to be air-conditioned with the configuration shown in FIG. 3, and the indoor unit 2 has only the outlet for cold air and the inlet for indoor air. It has and is arranged inside the chamber 5. The outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a blower duct 3 for cold air and an intake duct 4 for indoor air. A blower fan 11 is provided at a predetermined place in the blower duct 3 or the intake duct 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a remote controller for starting or stopping the operation of the air conditioner, setting or canceling automatic operation, setting the room temperature, setting the amount of cold air blown out, and the like.

The inside of the outdoor unit 1 has a structure as shown in FIG. 3, in which an aqueous lithium bromide solution is used as the absorbing liquid and water is used as the refrigerant.

The evaporator 10 is installed at a position where the blower duct 3 and the intake duct 4 are connected to each other. The inside of the evaporator 10 evaporates the refrigerant due to the depressurization action, and the latent heat of vaporization (vaporization heat) acts to cool it from the inside. I am supposed to receive it.

The regenerator 12 has a function of generating a refrigerant vapor by heating the absorbing solution (dilute solution) having a low concentration by absorbing the refrigerant by the burner 13 and concentrating the concentration of the absorbing solution. Fuel supply pipe 1 to burner 13
4, fuel gas is supplied, and the degree of combustion is adjusted by the fuel supply control valve 15.

The condenser 16 has a function of cooling the refrigerant vapor sent from the regenerator 12 by the air cooling fan 17 and liquefying it, and sending this liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator 10.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a refrigerant tank for controlling a total amount of the refrigerant circulating in the air conditioner and a part of the refrigerant for controlling the concentration of the dilute solution supplied to the regenerator 12. Yes, and is connected to the condenser 16 via valve V5.

The absorber 20 stores the absorbing liquid, has a function of absorbing the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 10 into the absorbing liquid, and is cooled by the same air cooling fan 17 as the condenser 16. The absorbing liquid which has absorbed the refrigerant and has a low concentration is temporarily stored in the dilute solution tank 21.

Reference numeral 22 denotes heat for exchanging heat between the low-concentration low-concentration absorption liquid flowing from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12 and the high-concentration high-temperature absorption liquid flowing from the regenerator 12 to the absorber 20. An exchanger, 23 is a pump that absorbs the refrigerant and sends out an absorbent having a low concentration from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12, and 24 is one between the upstream side of the evaporator 10 and the downstream side of the condenser 16. A capillary provided between them or a pressure loss means corresponding thereto.

All of V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5 are regulating valves such as solenoid valves, and in particular V4 is a regulating valve having a check valve function.

The above air conditioner basically controls each container by controlling the temperature of each container except that the pump 23 is used to deliver the absorbing liquid from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12. A pressure difference is created between them, and the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid are delivered and circulated by the pressure difference.

[0020]

By the way, in such an air-cooling type air conditioner, in order to maintain the indoor environment in a set desired condition, the amount of air sent from the air duct is automatically changed or blown. When the blowing air is strong, the user may lower the air volume arbitrarily. When the amount of air blown is changed in this way, the amount of heat of the evaporator taken away by this air blow decreases, and part of the liquefied refrigerant flowing into the evaporator does not evaporate and flows into the absorber as a liquid. Occurs. Then, the concentration of the solution in the absorber is greatly reduced, the absorption capacity is reduced, the operation in the optimum state cannot be performed, and the efficiency is deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an evaporator for vaporizing a refrigerant, an absorbing liquid for absorbing the refrigerant, and an absorbing liquid for absorbing the refrigerant vapor vaporized by the evaporator into the absorbing liquid. An absorption type in which the evaporator is arranged in a passage for introducing indoor air to be cooled to directly cool the indoor air, and then the cooled air is blown directly into the room to cool the room. In an air conditioner using a refrigerator, even if the amount of refrigerant required in the evaporator is reduced, such as when the amount of airflow into the room is reduced, the liquefied refrigerant that was not vaporized in the evaporator does not flow into the absorber and is high. The purpose is to be able to always operate efficiently.

[0022]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an evaporator for vaporizing a refrigerant, an absorbent for absorbing the refrigerant, and a refrigerant vapor vaporized in the evaporator for absorbing the vapor. And an absorber for absorbing the indoor air, the evaporator is arranged in a passage for introducing the indoor air to be cooled, and the indoor air is directly cooled, and then the cooled air is blown directly into the room for cooling. In an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine that performs the above, in the evaporator, a refrigerant receiving portion that receives a liquefied refrigerant flowing down from the evaporator in a liquid state without being vaporized in the evaporator, and the absorber. An absorption refrigerating machine was provided with a bypass pipe that directly connects the dilute solution tank that is connected and stores the dilute solution and the refrigerant receiving unit without the absorber, and a gas-liquid separating unit provided in the bypass pipe. It constituted the air conditioner.

[0023]

When more refrigerant than the amount of refrigerant required for the evaporator is sent to the evaporator and a non-vaporized refrigerant is generated, the liquefied refrigerant passes through the evaporator as it is and flows down. The liquefied refrigerant that has flowed down is received by the refrigerant receiving portion before flowing into the absorber, and is directly sent to the dilute solution tank through the bypass pipe.
Therefore, the liquefied refrigerant does not flow into the absorber, and the concentration of the absorber does not unnecessarily decrease. Moreover, since the gas-liquid separator is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe, the gas does not move between the evaporator and the dilute solution tank.
Therefore, even if an excessive amount of refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator, the liquefied refrigerant that has not been evaporated still does not flow into the absorber, and the efficiency of the air conditioner does not decrease, and high efficiency can be maintained.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an air conditioner using a single-effect absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

Since the mechanical structure of the air conditioner according to the present invention is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 3, the description of the same parts will be omitted, and different parts and electric circuits necessary for controlling the air conditioner will be described. .

In FIG. 1, T1 is a sensor for detecting the indoor temperature provided on the upstream side of the evaporator 10, T2 is a sensor for detecting the air temperature, T3 is a sensor for detecting the liquid level of the regenerator, and T4 is T4. This is a sensor for detecting the condenser temperature.

Further, the receiving unit 2a of the indoor unit 2 receives the setting signal from the controller 30 including the CPU, the memory and the driving circuit and the remote controller 6 (see FIG. 4), and the receiving unit 2a.
A communication controller 31 for receiving signals from the communication controller 31 is provided, and the controller 30 receives signals from the sensors T1, T2 and the like and signals from the communication controller 31 and receives the signals from the blower fan 1
1, the operation of the air cooling fan 17 and the pump 23 is controlled.

Further, the absorber 20 is provided with a refrigerant receiving portion 7 at a connecting portion with the evaporator 10. The refrigerant receiving portion 7 is not directly connected to the connecting pipe that connects the absorber 20 and the evaporator 10, but has a space below the connecting pipe, and the liquefied refrigerant flowing down from the evaporator 10 is also present. It is installed according to the drop point. A bypass pipe 8 is connected to the refrigerant receiving portion 7, and the refrigerant receiving portion 7 is connected by the bypass pipe 8.
Is directly connected to the dilute solution tank 21. Bypass pipe 8
A gas-liquid separation section 9 is provided in the middle of the above, and the solvent is passed from the refrigerant receiving section 7 to the dilute solution tank 21 side, but the flow of gas between these is prevented.

Next, the operation of the cooling cycle will be described with reference to FIG.

Before the start of operation, the valves V1, V3 and V5 are closed and the valves V2 and V4 are open. The regenerator 12 is in an empty state, and the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant are stored in the diluted solution tank 21 in a mixed diluted solution state.

Turn on the operation button of the remote controller 6,
When the desired temperature or desired air volume is set, valves V1 and V
3, V5 open and valves V2, V4 close (F-
1), the motor M ₂ is driven and the dilute solution is sent from the dilute solution tank 21 to the regenerator 12 by the pump 23 (F-
2). The CPU of the controller 30 judges whether the liquid level of the regenerator 12 has reached the specified level by looking at the signal from the sensor T3 (F-3), and when the liquid level has reached the specified level. Opens the fuel supply control valve 15, supplies the fuel gas from the fuel supply pipe 14, and ignites the burner 13 (F-4).

When the regenerator 12 is heated, refrigerant vapor is generated from the dilute solution, the refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 16, and the concentrated solution (absorption liquid) from which the refrigerant has been separated is opened by the valve V1 and the absorber 20. Sent to. Since the temperature of the condenser 16 gradually rises due to the inflow of the refrigerant vapor, the CPU of the controller 30 determines from the signal from the sensor T4 whether or not the temperature of the condenser 16 has reached a predetermined value (F-5). When the predetermined value is reached, the air cooling fan 17 is rotated (F-6).
As a result, in the condenser 16, the refrigerant vapor sent from the regenerator 12 is liquefied, and the liquefied refrigerant flows into the refrigerant tank 18 via the valve V5. Next, it is determined whether or not the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 18 reaches a predetermined value (F-7), and when it reaches the predetermined value, the valve V5 is closed (F-8) and the blower fan 1
1 is rotated (F-9).

At this time, the refrigerant from the condenser 16 flows into the evaporator 10 through the capillary 24, the refrigerant is evaporated (vaporized) inside the evaporator 10, and a cooling action by the heat of vaporization occurs. As a result, the blower fan 11 causes the intake duct 4
The air sent from the inside through the chamber is cooled by directly contacting the outer surface of the evaporator 10. The cooled air is sent to the indoor unit 2 through the air duct 3 and blown into the room 5 as cold air to cool the room 5 (F-1).
0).

The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 10 to become vapor flows into the absorber 20 where it is absorbed by the absorbing liquid. The absorption liquid, which has absorbed the refrigerant and has a reduced concentration, once enters the dilute solution tank 21, then passes through the valve V3 by the pump 23, and is transferred from the regenerator 12 by the heat exchanger 22 to the high-concentration high-temperature absorption liquid and heat. It is exchanged and sent to the regenerator 12. This is the steady mode of cooling operation. During this time, the valve V5 is repeatedly opened and closed as needed.

Here, the case where the amount of refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 10 becomes excessive, for example, when the amount of air blown by the blower fan 11 decreases, will be described.

When the supply amount of the refrigerant to the evaporator 10 becomes excessive, all of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 10 does not evaporate, and a part of the refrigerant flows as a liquid to the absorber 20. The liquefied refrigerant that has flowed down falls on the refrigerant receiver 7 and is sent to the dilute solution tank 21 through the bypass pipe 8. Therefore, the liquefied refrigerant that has not been vaporized does not flow into the absorber 20 as it is, and the concentration of the absorbing liquid is not diluted by the liquefied refrigerant. Therefore, the cooling operation can be performed while maintaining high efficiency.

Further, the bypass pipe 8 is provided with a gas-liquid separating portion 9 which allows a liquid such as a liquefied refrigerant to pass through but blocks the flow of gas, so that the refrigerant vapor of the evaporator 10 is diluted with the dilute solution tank 2.
1, and the pressure of the evaporator 10 can be maintained at a predetermined value.

Next, the temperature and pressure of the container, the absorbing liquid, and the refrigerant in each part of the system during the cooling operation will be exemplified.

Temperature (° C.) Pressure (Torr) Evaporator 10:10 to 20 10 to 20 Regenerator 12: 60 to 90 90 to 110 Condenser 16: 50 to 80 90 to 110 Absorber 20: 45 to 50 11 Refrigerant tank 18: 30-50 50 40-50 Dilute solution tank 21: 40-60 11 Heat exchanger 22: 30-90-Intake duct 4: 26 (room temperature) -Blower duct 13-20- Dilute solution: 35-40 Concentration: 61% Concentrated solution: 90 Concentration: 64.8% Then, returning to the flowchart of FIG. 2, when the operation button of the remote controller 6 is turned off (F-11), the stop process is performed (F-12). ) After that, it ends. As the stop processing, first, the burner 13 is extinguished, the valves V2 and V4 are opened,
Close valve V1. Then, after a while, the pump 23 is stopped, the valve V3 is closed, and the blower fan 11 and the air cooling fan 1
Stop 7. By doing so, the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 18 and the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 12 all flow into the dilute solution tank 21. This is for preventing the refrigerant tank 18 and the regenerator 12 from being corroded by the absorbing liquid while the apparatus is stopped, and for diluting the concentrated solution to prevent crystallization.

As described above, according to the air conditioner of this embodiment, the required amount of refrigerant in the evaporator 10 is reduced and a part of the refrigerant is not evaporated, such as when the air volume of the blower fan 11 is reduced. However, the refrigerant that is still liquid is absorbed in the absorber 20.
Does not flow into the air conditioner, the concentration of the absorber 20 is not reduced, and the cooling operation with high efficiency can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, the refrigerant is water and the absorbing liquid is lithium bromide as in the conventional example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other substances having the same function may be used.

[0043]

According to the present invention, in an air conditioner using an absorption refrigerator, the amount of refrigerant required in the evaporator is reduced, such as when the amount of blown air is reduced, and the amount of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator is reduced. Even if not all are evaporated, the liquefied refrigerant that has not been evaporated is received by the refrigerant receiving part and sent directly to the dilute solution tank through the bypass pipe, so the liquefied refrigerant that is not evaporated does not flow into the absorber, The concentration of is not greatly diluted by the liquefied refrigerant. Therefore, the concentration of the absorbing liquid can be kept high and the operation can always be performed with high efficiency. Further, since the gas-liquid separator is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe, the liquid refrigerant flows from the evaporator into the dilute solution tank, but does not pass the gas refrigerant, so the refrigerant between the evaporator and the dilute solution tank is not passed. There is no direct inflow or outflow of steam.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional air conditioner.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an installation state of an air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outdoor unit 2 Indoor unit 3 Blower duct 4 Intake duct 5 Room 6 Remote controller 7 Refrigerator receiver 8 Bypass pipe 9 Gas-liquid separator 10 Evaporator 11 Blower fan 12 Regenerator 13 Burner 16 Condenser 17 Air-cooling fan 18 Refrigerant tank 20 Absorber 21 Dilute solution tank 30 Controller 31 Communication controller 35 Control means 36 Storage means T1, T2, T3, T4 sensor V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 valve

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An evaporator for vaporizing a refrigerant, and an absorber for storing an absorbing liquid for absorbing the refrigerant and absorbing the refrigerant vapor vaporized by the evaporator into the absorbing liquid, wherein the air to be cooled is introduced. An air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine in which the evaporator is arranged in a passage to directly cool the indoor air, and then the cooled air is blown directly into the room to cool the room. A refrigerant receiving part for receiving a liquefied refrigerant flowing down from the evaporator in a liquid state without being vaporized therein, a dilute solution tank connected to the absorber for storing a dilute solution, and the refrigerant receiving part. An air conditioner using an absorption refrigerating machine, comprising: a bypass pipe that is directly connected without using the absorber; and a gas-liquid separator provided in the bypass pipe.