JPH07145377A - Method for producing coke and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the quality of coke by burning a combustible gas mainly comprising volatiles remaining in a semicoke to correct the temp. gradient in the radial direction of the semicoke layer. CONSTITUTION:Air flowing in the form of a curtain is supplied, together with an entrained external air, to the surface of a layer of a semicoke (or coke) from a circular air-supply pipe 13 while controlling an air-supply apparatus 15 and a valve 17 with a relational operation and control unit and simultaneously controlling the negative pressure inside a prechamber 10. A combustible gas mbustib1e gas mainly comprising volatiles remaining in the semicoke in an amt. of about 1-5% of the coal charge is burned to heat, elevate the temp. of, and burn the semicoke layer, thus producing coke. Radiation heat from flame and convection heat from the burnt gas produce coke with uniform qualities.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention dry-distills the charged coal in a room-type coke oven at a low temperature to make a semi-finished coke and kiln it out, and the semi-finished coke is called a dry fire extinguishing facility (hereinafter referred to as CDQ). ), Heating,
The present invention relates to a coke manufacturing method and a manufacturing facility for manufacturing the coke, which becomes a product by firing. In other words, the semi-coke produced by low-temperature carbonization in a room-type coke oven and kiln is turned into a product by using CDQ, which has the function of extinguishing the coke that is originally the product. A method for manufacturing coke and a manufacturing facility therefor are provided.

The term "semi-formed coke" as used herein means that the residual volatile matter (VM) derived from the charged coal is reduced to 1 by the completion of dry distillation at 600 to 900 ° C. in the carbonization chamber of the chamber type coke oven according to the present invention. ~ 5%
The coke in the middle of carbonization. Here, the kiln discharge temperature is the average temperature of the core temperature in the coal measured at a height of 1/2 of the carbonization chamber immediately below the charging hole. The coke is a blast furnace coke.
Although it means a coke, a casting coke, a non-ferrous metal refining coke, and a coke for other purposes, the blast furnace coke will be described as an example for convenience in the following description.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Coke for a blast furnace is generally manufactured in the operation of a room-type coke furnace, and in the integrated iron and steel making plant, blown hot metal is usually manufactured by the blast furnace method. Is. However, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, etc., we have recently heard of a move to replace the electric furnace method. However, since the blast furnace method is still advantageous in terms of production volume and quality, it is surmised that the blast furnace method will never be replaced at once.

Therefore, the coke charged into the blast furnace must be manufactured by the room type coke furnace in the future. In most cases, the life of the coke oven is extended, while maintaining or improving the coke quality and manufacturing cost. Is also one of the common technical problems among those skilled in the art. Also, from the viewpoint of the improvement of global warming that has been reported recently, if the carbonization temperature of the charging coal in the coke oven can be lowered, an immeasurable effect of suppressing global warming can be expected. It can be said that the mission of those skilled in the art is to modify the box manufacturing method.

The applicant of the present invention, who is aware of the deceptive problem as early as possible, has already proposed Japanese Patent Application No. 13138/1989 "Method for manufacturing coke for blast furnace". This is a coke which is manufactured by dry distillation at 800 to 900 ° C. in a room-type coke oven to take out a kiln, and charging the coke into a CDQ, heating and firing the product. Is manufactured. Therefore, the kiln temperature is low, and the time required for carbonization is shorter than the conventional coke manufacturing method using a room-type coke oven, for example, because there is no set time, and the required time is shorter. In the end, it is expected that the operation of the room-type coke oven can be reduced and the life of the oven can be extended accordingly. In addition, not only the manufacturing cost can be expected to be improved, but also many other effects can be expected.

[0006] In the method of producing coke, including the prior art examples, in which the coke is manufactured by dry distillation at a low temperature in a coke oven at a low temperature, kiln charging and charging into CDQ, and heating and firing. Variations in the progress of dry distillation of the charging coal in the coking furnace carbonization chamber determine the success or failure on an industrial scale. This is because firing at a low temperature cannot be performed at a low temperature unless the kiln is strong enough to withstand the extrusion action of the extruder.

The inventors of the present invention separately propose an invention which solves the variation in the progress of the carbonization of the charging coal in the deceptive carbonization chamber.
As one of the other success / failure requirements, there are heating and firing conditions in CDQ in which a semi-coke is charged, and CDQ equipment conditions. That is, in CDQ, heating and firing are performed to turn a semi-coke into a product coke. Whether or not it can be carried out without variation depends on whether or not it can be carried out on an industrial scale.

The main function of the CDQ used so far is a function of extinguishing a so-called coke in a dry state.
There was nothing to describe or disclose the heating and firing conditions for turning the cake into a product coke. Further, since many CDQs introduce air for the purpose of increasing vapor recovery, a semi-coke having a residual volatile content of 1 to 5% due to low temperature carbonization and kiln removal according to the present invention. There is no mention of the proper conditions for heating and firing to make product coke. In other words, there are no known examples of heating and firing conditions in the CDQ prechamber that satisfy coke quality.

In view of the deceptive situation, the present inventors have decided to use a room-type
As a pioneer who develops product coke by a combination of a furnace and CDQ, we are trying to develop a method that can be proposed as a next-generation coke manufacturing technology. It was proposed here because it was possible to develop manufacturing conditions on an industrial scale to meet the quality of the product coke. The technical problems of the present invention are listed below.

[0010]

Technical problem of the present invention: Heating and firing of semi-finished coke charged in CDQ are carried out on an industrial scale without variations, and the quality of the product coke can be satisfied. It is possible to reduce the variation in coke quality by making the quality improvement effect of coke constant by making the maximum temperature reached from the semi-finished coke into a product coke into a product and the heating rate uniform. In particular, it is possible to correct the temperature gradient in the radial direction of the semi-coke (coke) layer descending in the CDQ pre-chamber so that a uniform coke temperature rise can be achieved, and based on this, To reduce variations in quality. In particular, dust scattering can be suppressed when coking in the pre-chamber. Based on the above, it is possible to optimize the rise of coke sensible heat and increase the amount of steam generated in the steam recovery facility. The semi-finished coke, which is carbonized at low temperature and kilned at low temperature,
CD with a residual volatile content (VM) of 1 to 5% after kiln removal
Being able to exert a physical function as a main heat source for heating and firing for coking in Q. The time required for carbonization in a room-type coke oven can be shortened. The coke quality should be able to contribute to stabilization of blast furnace operation by maintaining at least the same physical properties as coke production by dry distillation of only a room type coke oven. <Maru 10> Be able to make the degree of coke mass suitable for the purpose of use. (Maru 11) By shortening the time required for carbonization, the life of the furnace body can be extended. <Maru 12> Manufacturing cost can be reduced by shortening the time required for carbonization. ▲ Maru 13 ▼ To reduce the furnace maintenance work and shorten the maintenance cost by shortening the time required for carbonization.

The present invention addresses the technical problem of deception by
It is characterized by the following means.

[First feature] Product is prepared by dry-distilling the charged coal in a room-type coke oven to form a semi-coke and firing it out, and then charging the semi-coke into a dry fire extinguishing facility, heating and firing. When producing a coke that becomes: a) carbonization of the charged coal is carried out, and the residual volatile matter (V
M) as a semi-finished coke containing 1 to 5%, and kiln is discharged at its low temperature b) The semi-finished coke is charged into a pre-chamber without a charging lid of a dry fire extinguishing system C) and the inside pressure of the pre-chamber is controlled to be a negative pressure to form a part of the air-curtain together with the outside air from the charging port. Residual volatiles (V
A method for producing coke, which comprises combusting a combustible gas containing M) as a main raw material to correct the temperature gradient in the radial direction of the semi-formed coke layer to uniformly raise the temperature.

[Second feature] Dry coal in a room-type coke oven is converted into a semi-finished coke by firing, and the semi-finished coke is placed in a dry fire extinguishing facility, heated and fired to produce a product. In the dry fire extinguishing equipment for producing coke, the air chamber is provided at the inlet of the prechamber without the furnace lid of the dry fire extinguishing equipment, and a means for controlling the negative pressure of the prechamber is provided. A unique coke manufacturing facility.

Next, the reasons for limiting the essential constituent features that characterize the present invention will be described.

[Reason for dry-distilling the charged coal at a low temperature and kilning at a low temperature as a semi-coke having a residual volatile content (VM) derived from the charged coal of 1 to 5%] One of the technical problems of the invention is to prolong the life of the coke oven, carry out dry distillation in a short time, and the like as described above. Therefore, from this point as well, it is an essential condition to carry out dry distillation of the charged coal at a low temperature and to remove it from the kiln. Further, in the present invention, obtaining a coke as a product by CDQ is also a major technical problem. Therefore, dry distillation in a room-type coke oven,
When the coal is charged at a low temperature to convert the charging coal into semi-coke and have residual volatiles derived from the charging, the residual volatiles are heated by CDQ to heat the semi-coke. Should be the primary source of combustible gases. Therefore, the deceptive combustible gas source is a combustible gas that does not hinder the quality of coking during heating and firing, so it is an essential condition.

In this case, it is essential that the amount of residual volatile matter (VM) derived from charging coal in the semi-coke is 1 to 5%. Because the residual volatile matter (VM) is C
This is because after being charged in the DQ prechamber, it is combusted together with the air supplied as the combustible gas raw material to make the semi-finished coke into a product coke.

Further, in the present invention, dry distillation is carried out at a low temperature as described above, and kiln is discharged, but the temperature at this time is 600 to 900 ° C. That is, the main fuel for coking the semi-coke in the CDQ prechamber is residual volatile matter (VM) derived from the charging coal brought in by the semi-coke.
Therefore, you must bring only the required amount to the heat source. The required amount is 1 to 5%, and the amount is half
The distillation temperature is 600 to 900 ° C., which is left in the cast and satisfies the extrusion strength that enables the kiln to be discharged at a low temperature.

[0015]

[Reason for charging a semi-coke while forming an air-curtain at the inlet of a pre-chamber that does not have a charging lid for dry fire extinguishing equipment] The technical problem of the present invention is as described above. Is. In particular, it is necessary to consider in order to maintain the environment that the dust generated during heating and combustion in the prechamber with combustible gas is not scattered to the outside of the system. It is also essential for supplying air uniformly over the entire surface of the semi-formed coke layer in the pre-chamber so as to function to correct the temperature distribution in the radial direction.

[0016]

[Negative pressure inside the pre-chamber is controlled to introduce a part of the air-curtain to the surface of the semi-coke layer together with the outside air from the inlet, and the residual volatile content (VM) of the semi-coke is retained. Combusting a flammable gas mainly composed of
Reasons for Correcting the Temperature Gradient in the Radial Layer of the Layer and Uniformly Raising the Temperature] The technical problems of the present invention are as described above. Therefore, a large amount of air is supplied into the pre-chamber, and it is also limited as a means for satisfying, for example, controlling the generation of dust and making it difficult to fly out of the system. As a result, the heating, temperature rising, and firing phenomena of the semi-coke (coke) layer in the pre-chamber are optimized and the initial purpose is achieved.

[0017]

[Reason for providing an air caten at the inlet of a pre-chamber which does not have a furnace lid of a dry fire extinguisher and providing means for controlling the negative pressure of the pre-chamber] The technical problem of the present invention is as described above. is there. Above all, it is necessary to control the dust generated during heating and combustion in the prechamber by flammable gas without scattering to the outside of the system in order to maintain the environment. It is also essential for supplying air uniformly over the entire surface of the semi-formed coke layer in the pre-chamber so as to function to correct the temperature distribution in the radial direction.

The deceptive heating and firing method of the present invention is about 4
Since it is possible to raise the temperature at 0 ° C / min or more to 1000 ° C or more and to satisfy the coke quality, it is recommended to add deceptive temperature raising conditions to the above-mentioned limited conditions as more preferable operating conditions. it can. The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a manufacturing facility for carrying out the present invention as seen from a plane. A room type coke oven 1 includes, for example, an extruder 2, a coal car 3 and a semi-finished coke receiving unit. Car 4,
Semi-coke charging equipment 5, CDQ 6, steam recovery equipment 7,
Consists of coke export facility 8 and the like. The CDQ 6 and the steam recovery facility 7 are connected to a closed circulation path 9 so that the steam can be supplied from the CDQ 6 and the used gas from the steam recovery facility 7 can be sent to the CDQ.

In the production of the coke of the present invention, the coke of the present invention is dry-distilled in the room-type coke oven 1 at a low temperature of 600 to 900 ° C., and the charging coal is converted into a semi-coke (that is, residual coke). Volatile (V
Moke is a coke having 1 to 5%. ), And the semi-coke was kilned out in the low temperature range and charged into the pre-chamber-10 of the CDQ 6 by the semi-coke charging equipment 5, and the semi-coke brought in remained. Volatile matter (VM) 1
The semi-coke is heated by co-firing with 5% air to be calcined. This baking is about 40
The coke quality and the like are good because the temperature is raised to 1000 ° C. or higher at a heating rate of ≧ ° C./min.

Suppression of temperature rise variations (heating and firing progress variations) due to deceptive temperature rise and uneven flow in the pre-chamber and the like can be achieved by configuring the CDQ 6 as shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view mainly showing the pre-chamber 10 in FIG. There is no inlet for the pre-chamber 10, and an air-curtain, that is, an air supply annular pipe 13 is provided along the top end opening 12 on the outer periphery of the top space 11, and an air supply device 15 is provided via a conduit 14. In addition, the CDQ 6 is provided with a gas diffusion pipe 16 having a valve 17, and the internal pressure of the pre-chamber 10 can be controlled negatively by the interaction thereof.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a semi-coke layer (cokes),
Reference numeral 19 indicates a heated area, and 20 indicates a combustion area. Further, the air supply device 15 and the valve 17 and the like are electrically connected to a comparison calculation control device (not shown), and a level sensor (not shown) is provided in the height direction of the pre-chamber 10, and a comparison calculation is also made electrically with the sensor. It is connected to a control device (not shown).

Therefore, the change in the surface of the semi-coke (coke) layer 18 in the prechamber 10 is input from the level sensor to the comparison calculation control device, and the output obtained by the comparison calculation corresponds to an electric signal. Since the air supply device 15 and the valve 17, etc., which operate are properly controlled and function, the air is supplied to the changing surface of the semi-coke layer 18 by an appropriate amount, and the charging generated from the layer. Residual volatiles derived from charcoal (V
M) burns the combustible gas as a raw material without variation, corrects the temperature distribution in the radial direction, and contributes to uniform coke temperature rise.

From the air-curtain which is the main component of the present invention, that is, from the air supply annular pipe 13, the air supply device 15 and the valve 17 are controlled by a comparison calculation control device (not shown), and / or The internal pressure of the chamber 10 and the negative pressure are controlled so that they interact with each other to form a semi-finished coke.
Supply air (air-curtain) is supplied to the surface of the casing layer 18 while also incorporating outside air. Due to this physical phenomenon, a combustible gas whose main raw material is the residual volatile matter (VM) derived from 1 to 5% of the charged coal in the semi-coke layer 18 is burned, Coke layer 1
8 is heated, heated, and burned to produce a coke which becomes a product. A coke, which is a product, is manufactured uniformly by so-called radiative heat transfer from a flame and convective heat transfer from a combustion gas.

A dusting phenomenon is exhibited in the pre-chamber-10 of the CDQ6 where a deceptive physical phenomenon occurs, but the internal pressure of the pre-chamber-10 is negatively controlled, which causes a mutual interaction. Since the supply air (air-curtain) reaches the surface of the coke layer 18 while entraining the outside air, the scattering phenomenon of dust generation to the outside of the system is suppressed and the environment is not hindered. .

Appropriate proper heating and combustion function to convert the semi-finished coke into a product, and the heated gas reaches the steam recovery facility 7 through the closed circulation path 9. , Contribute to boosting the efficiency of steam recovery.

[0027]

EXAMPLES The deceptive invention is further superior by the following comparative tests. This test was conducted using a room-type coke oven 1 which is a production facility. As the chamber type coke oven 1, one having a furnace height of 5150 mm, a furnace width of 450 mm and a furnace length of 14800 mm was used.

The operating conditions of the chamber type coke oven 1 were set based on the invention proposed by the present inventors to reduce the variation of dry distillation. In addition, as a comparative example, one charged under the same conditions was tried under the condition that the operating conditions of the present invention were not satisfied.

As a result, under the conditions of the present invention, the kiln removal of the semi-finished coke could be stably carried out on an industrial scale. On the other hand, in the comparative example, the temperature at which the semi-cooked coke was taken out fluctuated, so that an extrusion trouble occurred at a core temperature of 600 ° C. in the charcoal, and at 800 ° C. extrusion was possible but unstable. However, dust and smoke were observed from the furnace lid, and implementation on an industrial scale was impossible.

Residual volatiles (V
M) is as follows.

The semi-coke made from the kiln as described above is
It was charged in a pre-chamber of CDQ6 and air was supplied to heat and sinter to make a semi-coke. The operating conditions are shown in Table 1. P / C in the table means a prechamber. Here, Comparative Example 1 is a case where the coke produced by the method of the above-mentioned Comparative Example was treated with CDQ under normal operating conditions, and Comparative Example 2 was a semi-coke produced by the present invention produced by ordinary CDQ. This is the case when firing is performed in equipment.

As a result of the coking of the semi-finished coke with the above CDQ6, the coke having the following quality could be produced.
The results are shown in Table 2.

[0033]

[Table 1]

[0034]

[Table 2]

FIG. 3 shows temperature distributions in the prechambers of the present invention and the comparative example. In this comparative example, the air-curtain 13 is used.
This is a system (Comparative Example 2) that does not have the above and does not control the internal pressure of the pre-chamber 10 to a negative pressure. As shown in FIG. 3, the method according to the present invention (that is, the method according to the configuration of FIG. 2) exhibits a substantially uniform temperature distribution without being influenced by the level change of the semi-coke layer. I understand that.

FIG. 4 shows prechambers of the present invention and a comparative example.
It is a graph showing the amount of dust scattering from the above, but it can be seen that the amount of dust scattering of the present invention is equivalent to that of a normal CDQ with a charging lid, and the air curtain is effective.

[0037]

Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, as will be enumerated below, there are remarkable effects that cannot be obtained by coke production using only a conventional chamber type coke oven. The semi-coke charged in the CDQ can be heated and fired on an industrial scale without variation, and the quality of the product coke can be satisfied. By making the maximum temperature reached and the rate of temperature rise from the semi-finished coke into the product coke uniform, the coke quality improvement effect can be made constant and the coke quality variation can be reduced. In particular, it is possible to correct the temperature gradient in the radial direction of the semi-coke (coke) layer descending in the CDQ pre-chamber so that a uniform coke temperature rise can be achieved, and based on this, The variation of the quality of the work is reduced. In particular, it is possible to suppress dust scattering when making coke in the prechamber. Based on the above and the like, the burning of the combustible gas is mainly prioritized, the burning of the semi-finished coke (coke) itself can be suppressed, and the coke product yield is improved. Based on the above, the rise of coke sensible heat can be optimized to increase the amount of steam generated in the steam recovery facility. The semi-finished coke, which is carbonized at low temperature and kilned at low temperature,
CD with a residual volatile content (VM) of 1 to 5% after kiln removal
It can exert a physical function as a main heat source for heating and firing for coking in Q. The time required for carbonization in a room coke oven can be shortened. The coke quality can contribute to stabilization of blast furnace operation by maintaining at least the same physical properties as coke production by dry distillation of only a room type coke oven. (10) Roundness The degree of coke lumps can be adjusted to a size suitable for the intended use. (11) By shortening the time required for carbonization, the life of the furnace body can be extended. <Maru 12> By reducing the time required for carbonization, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. (Maru 13) By shortening the time required for carbonization, the maintenance work of the furnace body can be reduced and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view of equipment for producing coke in a combined process of a room-type coke oven and a CDQ according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an enlarged main section of the CDQ shown in FIG. 1 in a sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a temperature distribution in a CDQ prechamber of the present invention and a comparative example.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the amount of dust generated from the CDQ prechambers of the present invention and comparative examples.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-chamber coke oven 2 extruder 3 coal car 4 semi-coke receiving vehicle 5 semi-coke charging equipment 6 CDQ 7 steam recovery equipment 8 coke unloading equipment 9 closed circulation path 10 pre-chamber 11 Top Space 12 Top Opening 13 Air Carten (Air Supply Circular Pipe) 14 Conduit 15 Air Supply Device 16 Gas Emission Pipe 17 Valve 18 Semi-Coke Layer 19 Heated Area 20 Combustion Area

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A product obtained by dry-distilling charged coal in a room-type coke oven to form a semi-finished coke and firing it out, and charging the semi-finished coke into a dry fire extinguishing facility, heating and firing. When producing a coke that becomes: a) carbonization of the charged coal is carried out, and the residual volatile matter (V
M) as a semi-finished coke containing 1 to 5%, and kiln is discharged at its low temperature b) The semi-finished coke is charged into a pre-chamber without a charging lid of a dry fire extinguishing system C) and the inside pressure of the pre-chamber is controlled to be a negative pressure to form a part of the air-curtain together with the outside air from the charging port. Residual volatiles (V
A method for producing coke, which comprises combusting a combustible gas containing M) as a main raw material to correct the temperature gradient in the radial direction of the semi-formed coke layer to uniformly raise the temperature. 2. A product obtained by dry-distilling the charged coal in a room-type coke oven to form a semi-finished coke and firing it out, and charging the semi-finished coke into a dry fire extinguishing facility, heating and firing. In the dry fire extinguishing equipment for producing coke, the air chamber is provided at the inlet of the prechamber without the furnace lid of the dry fire extinguishing equipment, and a means for controlling the negative pressure of the prechamber is provided. A unique coke manufacturing facility. [0001]