JPH07144148A - Gravity separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a gravity sepn. device for plastic which has good classification efficiency of crushed pieces of waste plastic, consumes less driving power of the device and is capable of making industrial treatment in a large amt. CONSTITUTION:This gravity sepn. device is provided with a water course 1 and a hopper 4 for charging the materials to be separated. The device is also provided with an injection water feed port 3 for pushing the materials charged near to the lower part of the hopper into a liquid medium and a defoaming device 5 for removing the air bubbles sticking to the surfaces of the materials to be separated. The device has the underwater water course having an upper guide 7 for preventing floating of the materials to be selected to the downstream side of the defoaming device 5 and a lower guide 8 for introducing the faster settling materials to be selected to the downstream side and a separating section 9 for separating the materials to be selected by utilizing the individual sp.gr. differences. As a result, the other end of the water cource is provided with a drain section 11 for ejecting a liquid medium to a circulating device 2 and is provided with an ejecting means 10 for the separated materials to be selected by introducing the liquid medium of the circulating device to a water feed port 3. The bottom of the separating section is provided with a partition 12 higher than the terminal part of the lower guide to segment the separating section to plural pieces of receiving boxes 13. The receiving boxes 13 on the downstream side are provided with ports 17 for injecting the liquid medium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a specific gravity sorting apparatus for separating and treating used in general waste and industrial waste treatment systems, and in particular for separately collecting and reusing many kinds of waste plastic. To a specific gravity sorting device for sorting plastic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among general wastes or industrial wastes discharged in a large amount, plastic wastes are increasing, and it is difficult to deal with them. When waste plastics are incinerated, they generate toxic gas and cause pollution problems, and when they are disposed of in landfills, the volume ratio is large, which causes instability such as ground subsidence after landfilling. It creates and requires vast land.

[0003] In particular, regarding the treatment of industrial waste that is becoming larger, unless the waste plastic is separated and removed, high temperature combustion is required during incineration, and the durability of the incinerator becomes a problem. In addition, in the case of landfill disposal, there are also problems such as soaring landfill disposal costs, transportation costs and other processing costs.

Therefore, as a method of separating such waste plastics without landfilling, for example, an electrostatic separation method described in JP-A-52-86452 and JP-A-50-142681. The liquid cyclone method described in the publications and the like and the method described in JP-A-56-56246 are available.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned prior art, the electrostatic separation method is based on a method in which a high DC voltage is applied to an aggregate of plastic films made of various materials within a time period in which static electricity generated in the plastic films does not disappear. Pass between the electrode plates to which is applied, and the sign of static electricity (positive, negative)
Alternatively, the plastic film is selected according to the type by utilizing that the film is attracted and repelled by the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate depending on the charge amount.

That is, the waste plastic is passed through a high-voltage electric field and separated by utilizing the difference between the attraction force and the repulsion force due to electrostatic induction. This method has problems such as separation efficiency depending on the size (mass) of waste plastic crushed pieces, high voltage generation equipment, raw material drying equipment,
There is a problem that equipment cost becomes high because fine crushing equipment is required.

In the liquid cyclone method, a liquid and waste plastic crushed pieces are fed tangentially to the container wall from the upper part of the separation container, and a descending swirl flow of the liquid along the container wall surface and an ascending swirl flow to the center part. Of the crushed plastics, those with a large difference in specific gravity with the liquid are placed on the descending swirl flow and settled to be discharged from the lower part of the container, and those with a small difference in specific gravity with the liquid are sucked up with the ascending swirl flow to rise. The waste plastic is separated by making it overflow from the upper part of the container.

That is, it is a method of separating the waste plastic crushed pieces by utilizing the swirling flow of the liquid by the difference in specific gravity.
In this liquid cyclone method, there are problems that the power consumption of the liquid circulation pump that feeds the liquid and the waste plastic crushed pieces into the separation container increases, and the separation efficiency varies depending on the size (mass) of the waste plastic crushed pieces. .

The specific gravity selection method was a method in which various kinds of plastics were put into a water tank having a predetermined stirring device and the mixture was separated into those which float according to the difference in specific gravity and those which sediment.
Further, in the one described in JP-A-56-56246, the floating plastic is further classified into two types.
There is a problem that if the settled plastic also contains reusable plastic, it cannot be separated.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems of the prior art as described above. The object of the present invention is to efficiently separate the waste plastic crushed pieces and to reduce the power consumption of the apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to provide a specific gravity sorting apparatus for plastics that can be industrially processed in large quantities.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for selecting the specific gravity of plastic mixed waste according to the present invention comprises:
Using a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity, in a specific gravity sorting device for sorting an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sinking, a water channel provided over a predetermined length,
A hopper that inputs the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part of one end of the water channel, and a water supply port that injects a liquid medium that pushes the objects to be sorted that have been introduced from the hopper into the liquid channel in the vicinity of the lower part of the hopper, A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to the individual surfaces of the objects to be sorted, an upper guide for preventing floating of the objects to be sorted and a material to be quickly settled on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel. An underwater channel having a lower guide that leads to the downstream side, a sorting section that sorts by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a drainage section that discharges a liquid medium to the other end of the channel with a circulation device. The liquid medium of the circulation device is configured to be guided to the water supply port, and means for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out is provided, and the bottom of the sorting unit in the liquid medium flow direction in the sorting unit. Multiple partitions with higher partitions on the downstream side Receiving is divided into a box of, is provided with a stirring means on the upstream side of the receiving in a box of the flow of the liquid medium.

Further, in a specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to each surface,
An underwater channel having an upper guide for preventing floating of the objects to be sorted on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel and a lower guide for guiding the objects to be sorted to the downstream side to the downstream side, and a specific gravity difference between the objects to be sorted. And a drainage section for discharging the liquid medium by a circulation device at the other end of the water channel, and configured to guide the liquid medium of the circulation device to the water supply port. In addition to providing a carry-out means for taking out the sorted objects to the outside, a partition higher than the terminal end of the lower guide is provided on the bottom of the sorting section in the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium to sort into a plurality of receiving boxes. The stirring means is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium.

In any case, it is preferable that the lower guide is designed so that the downstream side becomes low (inclined until reaching the outlet) so that the material to be sorted can be guided to the downstream side. is there.

Further, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is for crushing waste containing at least metals and plastics and then classifying the plastic crushing parts into several types through metal selection, wherein the selection equipment is metal selection. The specific gravity sorting device according to each of the above-mentioned (claims 1 to 4), which is arranged adjacently afterwards. That is, by using the above-mentioned specific gravity sorting device, the crushed waste plastic after the metal selection is not subjected to further low-temperature crushing, etc., and the specific gravity sorting device alone exhibits a sufficient effect as a plastic sorting machine.

[0015]

The operation of the specific gravity sorting apparatus having the above-mentioned structure will be described by taking as an example a sorting process of plastic waste made of a mixture of plastics having various different specific gravities.

The specific gravity of a large amount of plastic waste discharged is 0.90 to 0.98 for polyethylene,
0.90 to 0.96 for polypropylene, 1.02 to 1.15 for polystyrene, 1.03 to 1.0 for ABS resin
9. Phenol resin is 1.25 to 1.30 and polyvinyl chloride is 1.33 to 1.45. Therefore, a case where water is used as a liquid medium for specific gravity selection will be described as an example.

The specific gravity sorting apparatus of the present invention includes a water channel for flowing water, a circulator for water, a hopper for throwing plastic waste into the upper end of one end of the water channel, and a plastic waste thrown from the hopper near the lower portion of the hopper in the water channel. Is sent from the circulation device and pushed into the water by the water sprayed from the water supply port. At this time, bubbles are attached to the surface of the plastic waste to reduce the apparent specific gravity of the plastic, and the specific gravity sorting becomes inaccurate. However, in the specific gravity sorting device of the present invention, the bubbles attached to the individual surfaces of the plastic waste are Since it is equipped with a defoaming device that removes water, and an underwater channel formed by an upper guide and a lower guide, plastic waste is sent to the sorting unit without air bubbles adhering to the surface by the defoaming device. To be

In the sorting section, polyethylene and polypropylene, which have a smaller specific gravity than water, float on the water surface, and polystyrene, ABS resin, phenol resin, and polyvinyl chloride, which have a greater specific gravity than water, are carried along the lower guide to the sorting section. It sinks to the bottom of the box. At this time, among the plastics that sink in water, polystyrene, ABS resin is phenol resin,
Compared to polyvinyl chloride, it has a smaller specific gravity, and its sedimentation speed is slower than that of phenolic resins and polyvinyl chloride, so many of them are carried by water streams to the downstream side. Since the bottom of this sorting section is equipped with a plurality of compartments divided by partitions, the upstream compartment contains a large amount of polyvinyl chloride and phenol resin, which have a large specific gravity, and the downstream compartment. As it becomes larger, more polystyrene and ABS resin will be added.

The upstream receiving box is further provided with a water injection port. When water is injected from this injection port into the receiving box to agitate the plastic in the receiving box, polystyrene and ABS resin having a low specific gravity are used. Floats higher than polyvinyl chloride and phenol resin, rides on the circulating flow of the water channel and flows to the receiving box on the downstream side. This action allows sorting among plastics that settle in water.

The position of the injection port provided at the bottom of the specific gravity selection device selection unit is one or more on one or both of the side surface or the bottom surface of the upstream side receiving box, and the circulation flow is generated by the jet flow from the injection port. It is possible to sort out the settled plastic by pushing out the plastic that floats in the direction, but it is possible to enhance the stirring effect of the plastic by jetting the jet from the jet port to the bottom of the box to make the sorting more effective. It is possible.

Further, by making the end of the lower guide lower than the partition of the receiving box, the water flow flowing along the lower guide and the jet from the injection port provided in the receiving box collide with each other, and these The water stream stirs the plastic that is not received more effectively, and provides better sorting among the plastics that settle in the water.

Further, by jetting the jet from the main jet port toward the bottom of the receiving box from the upper part near the partition in the downstream of the receiving box, the jet is almost perpendicular to the water flow of the sorting device. A vortex is generated, and the upward flow of this vortex causes the polystyrene and ABS resin with a low specific gravity to rise to a high level, and the downward flow of the vortex causes the polyvinyl chloride and phenolic resin with a high specific gravity to return to the receiving box, causing water to enter. Sorting between settling plastics is more effective.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting device.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a water channel for specific gravity selection.
2 is a circulation device for circulating a liquid medium for selecting specific gravity in the water channel 1, 3 is a water supply port for supplying the liquid medium supplied from the circulation device 2 into the water channel 1, and 4 is a mixture of plastics having different specific gravities. A hopper for introducing the objects to be sorted, 5 is a stirring device for removing bubbles adhering to the surface of the material to be crushed introduced from the hopper 4, 6 is an upper guide 7 and a lower guide 8 (both of which have a water channel toward the downstream side). The guide surface is inclined so as to lower it.) An underwater channel formed by 9) is a carrying-out means 10a for taking out the sorted objects to the outside.
The sorting unit 11 having b and 10c is a drainage unit.

Receiving boxes 13a and 13b formed by partitions 12 are provided at the bottom of the sorting section 9, and the drainage section 11 is a strainer 14 installed at the downstream end of the water channel 1.
It is composed of a resistance plate 15 and a drainage duct 16. An injection port 17 is provided at the bottom of the selection unit 9,
The flow rate of the liquid medium from the circulation device 2 is adjusted by the valve 18 and is injected to the bottom of the receiving box.

In the above structure, the objects to be sorted, which are introduced from the hopper 4 into the water channel 1 and are made of mixed plastics having different specific gravities, are pushed into the liquid medium by the liquid medium injected from the water supply port 3. At this time, plastics often attach bubbles to the surface, and these attached bubbles have a great influence on the sorting efficiency of the specific gravity sorting, and therefore it is necessary to remove the bubbles.

For this reason, in this embodiment, the stirring device 5 is provided, and the stirring action of the stirring device 5 removes the bubbles. In this way, the object to be sorted from which the bubbles attached to the surface are removed is conveyed to the sorting section 9 through the underwater channel 6 formed by the upper guide 7 and the lower guide 8 so that the bubbles do not come into contact with air again. . In the sorting section 9, an object to be sorted having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid medium such as polyethylene or polypropylene floats up and the liquid medium water surface 10 of the sorting section 9 floats.
Gather in 1.

On the other hand, the substances to be sorted having a larger specific gravity than the liquid medium such as polystyrene, ABS resin, phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride settle and enter the receiving boxes 13a and 13b.
Among the sedimented objects to be sorted, those having a low specific gravity such as polystyrene and ABS resin mainly enter the receiving box 13b by riding the circulating flow, and those having a large specific gravity such as phenol resin and polyvinyl chloride mainly receive the receiving box because they settle quickly. Thirteen
However, it is not perfect if only the circulation flow is selected, and the receiving box 13a also includes one having a relatively small specific gravity.

An injection port 17 is provided to select a container having a relatively small specific gravity in the receiving box 13a. By jetting the liquid medium from the jet port 17 toward the bottom of the box 13a as shown by the arrow 102, the objects to be sorted which have entered the box 13a are agitated again, and polystyrene, AB
Those having a relatively small specific gravity such as S resin float up and ride on the circulating flow again to flow into the receiving box 13b.

By this action, it becomes possible to further sort the substances to be sorted in the sorting section 9 by the difference in specific gravity. The plastic selected in this way is the unloading means 10
a, 10b, 10c are taken out to the outside.

On the other hand, the liquid medium is sucked into the circulation device 2 through the drainage section 11. Here, the drainage unit 11 is the strainer 1
4, the resistance plate 15 and the drainage duct 16 are provided. The strainer 14 is provided to prevent the object to be sorted from being sucked into the circulation device 2, and the resistance plate 15 and the drainage duct 16 are provided. This is provided in order to prevent the influence of the vortex generated when the circulation device 3 sucks the liquid medium and to make the velocity distribution of the circulation flow in the sorting section 9 uniform. In this embodiment, the strainer 14 and the resistance plate 15 are described separately, but they can be combined and used as one.

As shown in FIG. 1, by making the end of the lower guide 8 lower than the partition 12 of the receiving box 13a, the water flow 103 flowing along the lower guide 8 and the receiving box 13a.
The jets 102 from the jets 17 provided in a collide with each other, and the plastics that are not received by these water streams are more effectively agitated, and the sorting between the plastics that settle in the water is better. Become.

Further, the jet flow from the jet port 17 is received in the box 13.
By injecting from the upper part in the vicinity of the partition 12 on the downstream side toward the bottom of the receiving box 13a, a vortex almost perpendicular to the water flow 103 of the sorting device is generated in the receiving box, and the upward flow of this vortex is generated. As a result, polystyrene with a small specific gravity and ABS resin float up high, and the downward flow of the vortex causes polyvinyl chloride and phenol resin with a large specific gravity to be returned to the inside of the receiving box 13a, which further facilitates the selection between plastics that settle in water. Done effectively.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the specific gravity sorting apparatus of this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the number of receiving boxes 13 of the sorting unit 9 is increased to sort the sedimented objects into three types. As shown in FIG. 2, ejection ports 17a and 17b are provided in the receiving boxes 13a and 13b, respectively, so that the liquid medium is ejected.

With this structure, the receiving box 1
The object to be sorted that has entered the 3a is the injection port 17 of the receiving box 13a.
The phenol resin, polystyrene, and ABS resin, which have a relatively small internal specific gravity of the plastic settled by the liquid medium 102a jetted from a, float and flow on the circulation flow 103 to the receiving box 13b, and polyvinyl chloride having a large specific gravity It accumulates on the bottom of the receiving box 13a.

On the other hand, by the circulation flow 103, the receiving box 13b
Phenol resin, polystyrene, ABS resin having a relatively small specific gravity carried to and the phenol resin, polystyrene, A floating in the receiving box 13a and entering the receiving box 13b.
BS resin is also received in the receiving box 13b in the same manner.
Polystyrene and ABS resin having a small specific gravity among the plastics that have entered the receiving box 13b by the liquid medium 102b ejected from the ejecting port 17b of the
And the phenol resin having a large specific gravity remains in the receiving box 13b, so that sorting is performed.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the specific gravity sorting apparatus of this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the height of the partition provided at the bottom of the sorting unit 9 is increased toward the downstream side of the circulation flow 103. That is, this is an example in which the partition 12a is higher than the partition 12a. By doing so, the receiving box 1 can be removed from the receiving box 13a.
Phenolic resin, polystyrene, A that came into the 3b part
It becomes possible to inject a stronger jet into the BS resin from the injection port 17b, and phenol resin, polystyrene, ABS
Good sorting between resins.

In this embodiment, the mounting height of the injection port 17 is set higher than that of the partition 12 so that the injection port 17b on the downstream side of the circulation flow 103 is higher than the injection port 17a on the upstream side of the circulation flow 103. However, the mounting heights of the injection ports 17a and 17b may be the same.

By using the specific gravity sorting device constructed as described above, it becomes possible to more easily separate plastics as a waste treatment device. FIG. 4 is an example applied to a waste treatment device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the overall construction of the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 51 is a stockyard for storing wastes roughly classified by type, 52 is a supply device for supplying wastes from the stockyard 51 to the pretreatment device 53, 53 is a pretreatment device, and a refrigerant recovery means 54, It comprises a large glass take-out means 55 and a metal lump separating means 56. Numeral 57 is a crushing device comprising one or two crushers, 5
Reference numeral 8 is a light weight sorter, and 59 is a metal sorter, which comprises a magnetic sorter 60 and an eddy current sorter 61. Reference numeral 62 is a plastic sorting apparatus, which comprises a specific gravity sorting apparatus 63 according to the present invention. Further, 66 is a freezing and crushing device for crushing metal lumps, which comprises a cooling device 67 and a crushing device 68, and 69 is a foaming agent recovery device, which is a crushing device 70 for crushing foamed orthopedic material, and a separating device 71 for foaming agent and resin. It comprises a foaming agent cooling device 72.

The household electric appliances collected by the collection truck are stored in the stockyard 51 in four categories, such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a television, a washing machine and the like. The waste electric home appliances stored in the stockyard 51 are taken out by type by the supply device 52 and sent to the pretreatment device 53. In the pretreatment device 53, when the discarded household electric appliances are refrigerators and air conditioners, first, as shown by arrows 1101 and 1101a, the refrigerant recovery means 54 described later extracts the refrigerant from the refrigerator, and the arrow 1
Refrigerant is recovered as shown at 116. Next, the compressor is removed from the refrigerator by the metal ingot separating means 56. When the discarded home electric appliance is a television, the cathode ray tube is removed by the large glass take-out means 55 as shown by arrows 1102 and 1102a.

[0042] Further, the discarded household electric appliances are washing machines, refrigerators,
Arrow 11 for waste home appliances other than air conditioners and TVs
03, 1103a, the metal ingot separating device 56 removes the metal ingot such as the motor. Here, the metal lump separating means 5
As one of the structures of 6, a guillotine type cutting machine which is a kind of shearing machine can be used. Further, the large glass take-out means 55 may have a structure in which the lath is crushed and separated by a compressive force such as an impact type crusher or a press, which crushes and separates glass by hitting it with a hammer several times.

The waste home electric appliances, which have been subjected to these pretreatments and from which the above-mentioned metal lumps have been removed, are sent to the crushing device 57 as indicated by an arrow 1104, and the crushing device 57 causes the crushing mechanism of one or two stages to 50 to 50. It is crushed to a size of about 100 mm and released for each material. Particularly in the case of a refrigerator, urethane foam needs to be released from a thin iron plate, and for this purpose, a multistage crushing mechanism is advantageous.

The waste material crushed by the crushing device 57 and released for each material is sent to a light weight material separating device 58 as indicated by an arrow 1105, and the light weight material separating device 58 separates a foam molding material such as urethane foam. The foam molding material is a light waste, and as shown by an arrow 1107, the foam material collection device 6
The heavy waste that has been sent to 9 and the foamed molding material has been sorted out is sent to the metal sorting device 59 as indicated by an arrow 1106.

Here, as one of the structures of the light weight sorting apparatus 58, the property that the foamed molding material is extremely light compared with other waste materials is utilized, and air is blown to the waste material that has left the crushing apparatus 57. It is possible to use a structure in which the foamed molded material is blown away and the foamed molded material is separated. As another structure, it is possible to use a structure in which an inclined vibration conveyor is used and a light foam molding material is taken out from the upper part and other heavy waste is taken out from the lower part.

On the other hand, the precipitator 53, the metal block separating device 5
The metal lumps such as the compressor and the motor sorted by 6 are sent to the freeze crushing device 66 as indicated by an arrow 1113. In the freeze crushing device 66, first, the cooling device 67 is set to −100.
After being cooled to a low temperature of ℃ or less, it is crushed by a crusher 68, crushed by a relatively small impact utilizing the low temperature brittleness of the metal, and together with the heavy waste discharged from the light weight sorting apparatus 58, the arrow 1106. It is sent to the metal sorting device 59 as shown by.

In the metal separating device 59, first the magnetic sorter 60
At, the iron-based metal is separated and recovered as iron-based as indicated by an arrow 1108. Next, the non-ferrous metal is separated by the eddy current selector 61 and is recovered as shown by an arrow 1109. As a result, the main content of the remaining waste is plastics. This plastic waste is indicated by arrow 111
It is sent to the plastic sorting device 62 as indicated by 0.

The plastic sorter 62 is composed of a specific gravity sorter 63. In the plastic sorter 62, most of the easily recyclable olefin plastics made of polyethylene or polypropylene are shown in the arrow 1121 and the arrow 1122. Group 3 mainly consisting of recyclable styrene plastics made of polystyrene or ABS resin and group 3 consisting of vinyl chloride plastics which are difficult to reuse due to generation of chlorine gas at the time of recycling shown by arrow 1123. Sorted and collected by type.

On the other hand, the foamed molded product separated by the light weight sorting device 58 is sent to the foam material recovery device 69 as indicated by an arrow 1107, first crushed by the crusher 70, and then separated by the separating device 7.
1 separates a solid resin portion and a gaseous foaming agent. Here, the solid resin portion is separated and collected as shown by the arrow 1114, but the gaseous foaming agent is mixed with the surrounding air and sent to the cooling device 72 as shown by the arrow 1115, and the cooling device 72. The foaming agent is liquefied and collected as indicated by an arrow 1116. On the other hand, air is arrow 1
Return to crusher 70 as shown at 117. As a result, the fluorocarbon used as the foaming agent and the resin portion (plastic material) are separated and collected.

By separating and collecting as described above,
It becomes possible to recover the refrigerant and the freon of the foaming agent, which could not be recovered conventionally. Further, in addition to the collection of metals, plastics can be separated and plastics suitable for reuse can be collected as resources, so the amount of waste to be landfilled can be greatly reduced.

In the present embodiment, the pretreatment device 53
The reason why the metal block such as the compressor and the motor is removed is in consideration of the function and life of the crushing device 57 in the next stage. That is, since the crushing device 57 has a function of separating plastics and metal at the same time as cutting a thin metal plate, the crushing device 57 cuts a thin plate of about 2 to 3 mm. Therefore, if a metal lump enters here, the life of the crushing blade is shortened and the above two functions cannot be satisfied, and the subsequent processing is hindered.

Further, the crushing device 57 is a device for crushing a large-sized waste first, and there is a possibility that a large load will be applied during crushing. Therefore, if a further metal block is bitten by this crushing device, the crushing device will be easily locked. Therefore, it also serves to prevent the lock of the crusher.

Further, when the crushing device 57 is a large one capable of crushing a certain amount of metal lumps, the freeze crushing device 5
6 can be removed.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the vicinity of the lower part of the hopper in the water channel, the water supply port for injecting the liquid medium for pushing the object to be sorted introduced into the liquid medium into the liquid medium, and the object to be sorted. The specific gravity difference between the underwater channel and the object to be sorted is provided with a defoaming device that removes bubbles adhering to each surface and has an upper guide that prevents the object to be sorted from floating on the downstream side of the defoamer in the channel. And a carrying-out means for taking out the sorted objects to the outside, and a partition is provided at the bottom of the sorting unit in the liquid medium flow direction in the sorting unit to provide a plurality of receiving units. Since it is divided into boxes and a means for agitating the inside of the receiving box is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side, it is possible to efficiently separate the plastic to be sorted that settled in the receiving box. With a large selection That.

As a result, since the plastic waste is generally sorted by type, it is easy to recycle the plastic. In addition, the power consumption of the device is low, and a large amount of industrial processing is possible.

Further, in the present invention, since the end of the lower guide is provided at a position lower than the height of the partition of the receiving box, the length of the water channel of the specific gravity sorting device is set to be a short length to obtain the required length of the lower guide. That is, the entire bottom of the sorting section is lifted up by the difference between the height of the end of the lower guide and the height of the partition, and the sorting section becomes shallower by that amount. The device becomes compact and the installation area can be reduced. In addition, the amount of the liquid medium used can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting apparatus which is a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the specific gravity sorting device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a specific gravity sorting apparatus which is a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a process diagram of an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus that requires a low-density sorting apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Water channel, 2 ... Circulation device, 3 ... Water inlet, 4 ... Hopper,
5 ... Stirring device, 6 ... Underwater channel, 7 ... Upper guide, 8 ... Lower guide, 9 ... Sorting part, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10
d ... carry-out means, 12 ... partition, 13a, 13b, 13c
... box, 17 ... jet port.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B03B 11/00 8925-4D B09B 5/00 ZAB

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide for preventing floating of the sorted object on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and a sorted object having fast sedimentation are guided to the downstream side. In the underwater channel having a lower guide so that the downstream side is low, a sorting section that sorts by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a liquid medium at the other end of the channel with a circulation device. With drainage to drain The liquid medium of the circulation device is configured to be guided to the water supply port, and a carrying-out means for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out is provided, and in the sorting section, a downstream side to the bottom of the sorting section in the flow direction of the liquid medium. A specific gravity sorting apparatus characterized in that a high partition is provided to divide into a plurality of receiving boxes, and stirring means is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. 2. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts objects to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide for preventing floating of the sorted object on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and a sorted object having fast sedimentation are guided to the downstream side. In the underwater channel having a lower guide so that the downstream side is low, a sorting section that sorts by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the objects to be sorted, and a liquid medium at the other end of the channel with a circulation device. With drainage to drain The liquid medium of the circulation device is configured to be guided to the water supply port, and a carry-out means for taking out the sorted objects to be sorted out is provided, and a lower guide is provided at the bottom of the sorting unit in the liquid medium flow direction in the sorting unit. The specific gravity sorting apparatus is characterized in that it is divided into a plurality of receiving boxes by providing a partition higher than the end part of, and a stirring means is provided in the receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. 3. A specific gravity sorting apparatus which uses a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity and sorts an object to be sorted consisting of a mixture having different specific gravities by floatation and sedimentation, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide for preventing floating of the sorted object on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and a sorted object having fast sedimentation are guided to the downstream side. An underwater channel having a lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing a difference in specific gravity of each of the objects to be sorted, and a drain section for discharging a liquid medium to a circulation device at the other end of the channel, Supply the liquid medium of the circulation device to the water And a means for taking out the sorted objects to the outside are provided, and in the sorting section, a partition higher in the downstream side in the flow direction of the liquid medium is provided at the bottom of the sorting section to form a plurality of receiving trays. Divide into boxes,
A specific gravity sorting apparatus characterized in that stirring means is provided in a receiving box on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid medium. 4. A specific gravity selecting apparatus for selecting an object to be selected, which is composed of a mixture having different specific gravities, by floatation and sedimentation using a liquid medium having an appropriate specific gravity, and a water channel provided over a predetermined length and one end of the water channel. A hopper for inputting the objects to be sorted having different specific gravities to the upper part, a water supply port for injecting a liquid medium for pushing the objects to be sorted introduced into the water channel into the liquid channel near the lower part of the hopper, and a material to be sorted A defoaming device for removing bubbles adhering to each surface, an upper guide for preventing floating of the sorted object on the downstream side of the defoaming device in the water channel, and a sorted object having fast sedimentation are guided to the downstream side. An underwater channel having a lower guide, a sorting section for sorting by utilizing a difference in specific gravity of each of the objects to be sorted, and a drain section for discharging a liquid medium to a circulation device at the other end of the channel, Supply the liquid medium of the circulation device to the water And a partitioning means for taking out the sorted objects to the outside and providing a partition higher than the terminal end of the lower guide at the bottom of the sorting part in the flow direction of the liquid medium in the sorting part. A specific gravity sorting apparatus characterized by being divided into individual receiving boxes, and a stirring means provided in the receiving box upstream of the flow of the liquid medium. 5. A waste treatment apparatus equipped with a sorting facility for classifying plastic crushing parts into several types through metal sorting after crushing waste containing at least metal and plastic, wherein the sorting facility is adjacent after metal sorting. A waste treatment apparatus, which is the specific gravity sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is disposed.