JPH07131978A - Power converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize a construction of a power converter capable of having both a high cooling capacity and a low wiring inductance in a large power converter (an inverter for instance). CONSTITUTION:Among transistor modules 1 to 6 constituting an inverter circuit, modules 1 to 3 forming an upper arm and modules 4 to 6 forming a lower arm attached symmetrically to the front and rear of a metal block of a heat pipe cooler, and DC power supply conductors H and L and AC output terminals U, V and W are wired short and symmetrically in this inverter construction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a high power power converter including a cooling structure, such as an inverter device or a rectifier.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional high-power inverter device, there is one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-174564. 10 to 12 are views showing the above conventional example,
10 is a front view, FIG. 11 is a perspective view, and FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram. In this conventional example, a transistor module of a type in which the metal part of the case is insulated is mounted on a cooler using a heat pipe. 10 to 12,
Reference numeral 90 is a metal block which is a cooling body, and 91 is a heat pipe, which is partially embedded in the metal block 90. 92 is a radiation fin, 93-96 are transistor modules, a
Is a screw for fixing the transistor modules 93 to 96 to the metal block 90, e is a screw for the emitter terminal of each transistor module, and c is a screw for the same collector terminal. Note that the reference numerals are different from those in the above publication for ease of explanation. Further, P is a positive potential conductor of the DC power supply line, and is connected to the collector terminals c of the transistors 93 and 94. N is a conductor on the ground side of the DC power supply line, which is connected to the emitter terminals e of the transistors 95 and 96. These conductors P and N are provided in parallel as close to each other as possible while maintaining insulation in order to reduce stray inductance. U is an AC output terminal, which is a conductor connected to the collector terminals of the transistors 93 and 94 and the emitter terminals of the transistors 95 and 96. The circuit diagram of the inverter device is as shown in FIG. That is, in the structure shown in FIG. 10, one structure constitutes one arm of the inverter, and three structures are prepared in order to form a three-phase AC inverter. Such a configuration using a heat pipe has a higher cooling efficiency than a configuration using a conventional radiation fin. In the cooling structure using the heat radiation fins, the fins have to be increased in size as the amount of heat generated increases, and accordingly, the modules have to be dispersed and arranged in a large area. Therefore, the inductance of the wiring is increased, and the increase in capacity and the increase in frequency are limited. However, according to the configuration shown in FIG. 10, the modules can be sufficiently cooled even if they are arranged close to each other. The size can be made compact, and the inductance of the wiring can be suppressed small.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, although the inductance of the DC power supply line is reduced, the lengths of the DC power supply lines P and N are asymmetric, so that this inductance is completely suppressed. It is hard to say that For example, since the stray inductance per 1 cm of wiring is about 10 nH, the number of wires that have no corresponding wire is 1
If it is 0 cm, a potential difference of 10 V will occur at both ends of the wire even if di / dt is 100 A / μs. In a large inverter driving a current of several hundreds of amperes, this value is even larger, and such an asymmetry cannot be tolerated. Further, in the above conventional example, the inductance of the AC output line is not improved at all. The above problem is not limited to the inverter device that converts DC power into AC power, but is the same in the large power rectifier device that converts AC power into DC power. The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and realizes a structure of a power converter having both high cooling capacity and low wiring inductance in a high power power converter. The purpose is to do.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is constructed as described in the claims. That is, in the invention according to claim 1, among the power conversion modules that configure the power conversion circuit, one that configures the upper arm and one that configures the lower arm are connected to one metal block of the heat pipe cooler. They are symmetrically attached to the front and back, and the wiring for the DC conductor and the AC terminal is also short and symmetrical. In the invention according to claim 2, the power conversion module forming the upper arm and the power conversion module forming the lower arm are
It is attached to one surface of another heat pipe cooler, and two heat pipe coolers are arranged so that the surfaces on which the power conversion modules are mounted face each other, and the DC conductor and the AC terminal are also wired. It is short and symmetrical. The upper arm means a group of power conversion modules connected to the DC conductor on the high voltage side.
Transistor modules 1-3 in the embodiment of FIG.
Equivalent to. The lower arm means a group of power conversion modules connected to the low-voltage side (ground side) DC conductor,
Similarly, it corresponds to the transistor modules 4 to 6. The DC conductors correspond to the DC power supply conductors H and L in the above embodiment, and the AC terminals also correspond to the AC output terminals U, V and W, for example. According to the invention of claim 3, in the power converter according to claim 2, a circuit for driving each power conversion module is provided on a circuit board,
The circuit board is installed between two opposing heat pipe coolers. The circuit board corresponds to the circuit board 20 in the embodiment of FIG. 7, for example. The invention of claim 4 is an application of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3 to an inverter device. The invention of claim 5 is an application of the invention of claims 1 to 3 to a rectifying device.

[0005]

As described above, in the present invention, by using the heat pipe cooler having high cooling efficiency, sufficient cooling is possible even in the power conversion device in which a large capacity power conversion module is arranged close to each other. The entire power conversion device including the cooling means can be downsized, and a plurality of power conversion modules are symmetrically provided on the front and back of the heat pipe cooler (claim 1) or the power conversion module is provided. By arranging the two peat pipe coolers so as to be opposed to each other symmetrically (claim 2), the wiring conductor can be shortened, so that the stray inductance can be reduced, and the switching operation is deteriorated due to the stray inductance. The adverse effect of can be suppressed. Further, since the wiring conductor is also symmetrical, the antenna efficiency of electromagnetic noise can be reduced.

[0006]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. 1 to 4 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a rear view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. A sectional view and FIG. 4 are circuit diagrams. In addition,
This example shows a three-phase inverter. First, the configuration will be described. 1 to 6 are transistor modules, 1 to 3 are upper arms, and 4 to 6 are lower arms.
The upper arm is the side connected to the high-voltage side DC power supply conductor H, and the lower arm is the low-voltage side (ground side) DC power supply conductor L.
Means the side connected to. Further, the transistor modules 1 and 4 constitute an AC output U-phase arm, the transistor modules 2 and 5 constitute a V-phase arm, and the transistor modules 3 and 6 constitute a W-phase arm. These transistor modules are, for example, 1M
BI600LP-060 and 1MBI600LN-060
(Fuji Electric products), MG400J1US1 and MG400
As used in J1US2 (Toshiba products), a pair of modules in which the positions of the emitter and collector terminals are symmetrical, or like the PM600HHA060 (Mitsubishi Electric product), which has a single emitter and collector terminal. It is assumed that the modules are arranged symmetrically. Further, H is a high-voltage side (positive potential) conductor of the DC power supply, and is a collector terminal 1 of the transistor modules 1 to 3.
It is connected to C-3C. L is a conductor on the ground side,
Transistor modules 4-6 emitter terminals 4E-
It is connected to 6E. The conductors H and L are formed symmetrically, and as shown in FIG. 3, the conductors H and L are arranged as close to each other as possible with the insulator 9 sandwiched therebetween and symmetrically with respect to the center metal block 10. The insulator 9 is a dielectric material such as alumina, mica, silicone rubber, or Teflon. Also, the small letter g of each transistor module
And e are terminals of the control electrode. Also, U,
V and W are AC output terminals, and terminal U is a transistor
It is connected to the emitter terminal 1E of the module 1 and the collector terminal 4C of the transistor module 4. Similarly, the terminal V is connected to 2E and 5C, and the terminal W is connected to 3E and 6C. As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 3, these are made symmetrical with the front and back of the metal block 10. Also, 1
Reference numeral 0 is a metal block which is a cooling body, 11 is a heat pipe, which is partially embedded in the metal block 10. Also, 1
2 is a radiation fin. Each transistor module 1
Nos. 6 to 6 are adhered to the metal block 10 by screw holes and screws at the four corners of the module. An organic material having good thermal conductivity may be sandwiched between the metal portion at the bottom of the module and the metal block 10 in order to reduce and stabilize the contact thermal resistance.

Next, the operation will be described. With the above configuration, the length of each wiring conductor can be minimized, and thus the stray inductance can be suppressed low. Therefore, it is possible to suppress adverse effects such as deterioration of switching operation due to stray inductance. Further, when the current flowing between the DC power supply conductors H and L is examined, it shows a rectangular wave-like current waveform having a frequency about three times the carrier frequency of the pulse width modulation PWM in the three-phase inverter. This means that the DC power supply conductors H and L become antennas for electromagnetic noise, and therefore, placing H and L close to each other as in this embodiment means that the antenna efficiency is kept low. It is effective enough. Furthermore, since the conductors U, V, W of the three AC output terminals are symmetrically arranged on the front and back of the metal block 10 and are provided as short as possible,
The antenna efficiency in the inverter device itself can be suppressed low. Further, when an inductance load such as a three-phase induction motor is connected to the AC output lines connected to these AC output terminals, the current waveform has a substantially sine wave shape, but triangular wave noise is superimposed. Since this also causes electromagnetic noise, it is necessary to suppress the antenna efficiency of the AC output line to a low level and hold it down. For that purpose, it is best to arrange the three AC output lines so that their lengths are as close to each other as possible, but this is structurally difficult. Therefore, it is better to connect the load to the inverter device with a cable containing four wires, connect three to the U, V, and W conductors, and connect the remaining one to the chassis of the load such as the motor. . Hereafter, this is GN
Called D line. It is better to have this GND line, but some effect can be obtained without it. 8 and 9 show an example of a connecting portion between the AC output terminal of the inverter device and the AC output line (cable). 8 is a plan view and FIG. 9 is a sectional view. As shown, four lines are arranged as close as possible. Further, 9 is the same insulator as in FIG. As described above, in the first embodiment, by using the heat pipe, the volume of the inverter including the cooler can be reduced, and the wiring is completely symmetrical in the upper and lower arms and is short, The stray inductance can be reduced, and the antenna efficiency of electromagnetic noise can be reduced.

Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view, and FIG. 6 is a side view seen from the direction A in FIG. 5 and 6, the numbers in the drawings and the main structure are the same as those in the first embodiment,
As shown in, the direction in which the heat pipe 11 extends from the metal block 10 is different. Since the heat pipe 11 works even if it has a bent structure as shown in the figure,
There is freedom in design. Also, in this embodiment, the heat pipes 11 are arranged in a zigzag manner, but this is a general means for increasing the heat radiation efficiency in forced air cooling. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the U, V, and W conductors are bent in an L shape while avoiding the heat pipe and the control terminals, but of course, depending on the shape of the module, the straight shape as shown in FIG. I don't mind.

Next, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the upper arm transistor
Modules 1 to 3 and lower arm transistor modules 4 to 6 are mounted on one surface of metal blocks 10 and 10 'of different heat pipe coolers, respectively, so that the mounted surfaces face each other. Two heat pipe coolers are arranged facing each other, and symmetrical electrodes are provided so as to face each other. In FIG. 7, 8 is a hinge, 20, 30, 30 'are circuit boards containing transistors and snubber circuits for driving the control electrodes.
The same reference numerals as in FIG. In this embodiment, the lengths of the DC power supply conductors H and L and the AC output terminals U, V and W can be made shorter than in the first embodiment. In addition, stray inductance exists in the wiring between the control electrode of the transistor module and its drive circuit, and if it is too long or the length is extremely different for each module, the switching characteristics are deteriorated. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the circuit board 20 containing the transistor for driving the control electrode of the module is installed between the modules 1 to 3 of the upper arm and the modules 4 to 6 of the lower arm, so that the transistor module By making the wiring between the control electrode and its drive circuit as short as possible and making it symmetrical, the stray inductance of the control electrode can be suppressed small. That is, the drive circuit on the circuit board 20 and the control terminals 3e, 3g, 6e, 6g of each transistor module are connected by symmetrical conductors 21, 21 'and 22, 22'. Further, in the structure of FIG. 7, each AC output terminal U, V, W (only W is shown in FIG. 7) is provided with a hinge 8, and the DC power supply conductors H, L and the insulator 9 are bonded to each other. Since the structure is not provided, the structure can be opened around the hinge 8 and each transistor module and the circuit board 20 can be maintained and inspected. The structure of the inner module having the hinge 8 opened is the same as that shown in FIGS. Further, in order to secure the degree of freedom when the hinge 8 is opened, the conductors 21, 21 ', 2 connecting the circuit board 20 and the control terminal of each module are connected.
2, 22 'are detachably or expandably connected by a socket system or a spring system. Further, the circuit board is provided not only between the two heat pipe coolers facing each other but also as the circuit boards 30 and 30 'on the back surfaces (the surfaces not facing each other) of the two heat pipe coolers as shown in FIG. You can also Furthermore, the control electrodes 3e, 3 of the module
If the wiring distance between g, 6e, 6g and the like and the circuit boards 30, 30 'does not matter, the circuit board 20 may be omitted and only the circuit boards 30, 30' may be used. In that case, since the interval between the two heat pipe coolers facing each other can be narrowed, the lengths of the DC power supply conductors H, L and the AC output terminals U, V, W can be further shortened. In the above-described embodiments, the modules forming the inverter are not connected in parallel as in the conventional example, but of course, it is also effective when a plurality of modules are connected in parallel. Next, the above description exemplifies an inverter device using a transistor module that converts direct current to alternating current as the power conversion module, but a diode converter that converts alternating current to direct current is used as the power conversion module.
A rectifying device for converting AC power into DC power by using a module and using DC power supply conductors H and L as output conductors of DC power and three AC output terminals U, V, and W as input terminals of AC power. Can be configured. The effect of this rectifying device is similar to that of the inverter device.

[0010]

As described above, according to the present invention, by using the heat pipe cooler having high cooling efficiency, sufficient cooling can be achieved even in the power conversion device in which a large capacity power conversion module is arranged in proximity. It is possible to reduce the size of the entire power converter including the cooling means, and since the wiring is short in both the upper and lower arms, it is possible to reduce the stray inductance, which adversely affects the switching operation due to the stray inductance. Can be suppressed. Moreover, since the wiring conductors are symmetrical, the antenna efficiency of electromagnetic noise can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a side view seen from the direction A in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a connection structure of terminals.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of a conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an example of a conventional example.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of an example of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 to 6 ... Transistor module 1
2 ... Radiating fin 8 ... Hinge 20 ...
Circuit board 9 ... Insulator 21, 21 '...
Connection conductor 10 ... Metal block 22, 22 'which is a cooling body
... Connecting conductor 11 ... Heat pipe 30, 30 '
... Circuit boards H, L ... DC power supply conductors U, V, W ... AC output terminals 1E to 6E ... Module emitter terminals 1C to 6C ... Module collector terminals 1g to 6g ... Module control electrode terminals 1e to 6e ... Module Control electrode ground terminal

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication H02M 7/5387 9181-5H

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A device for converting electric power from direct current to alternating current or from alternating current to direct current, wherein three power conversion modules forming an upper arm and three power conversion modules forming a lower arm are combined into one heat pipe cooler. Mounted at symmetrical positions on the front and back sides of the heat receiving metal block, and the DC conductor connected to the upper arm side of the front side and the DC conductor connected to the lower arm side of the back side are And a shape in which both ends are close to each other, and the three power conversion modules forming the upper arm and the three power conversion modules forming the lower arm correspond to each other. A power conversion device characterized in that three AC terminals to be connected to each other are formed in a shape symmetrical with respect to the front and back of the heat receiving metal block. 2. A device for converting electric power from direct current to alternating current or from alternating current to direct current, wherein three power conversion modules forming an upper arm and three power conversion modules forming a lower arm are separately heat pipe cooled. Mounted on one surface of the heat-receiving metal block of the container, the two heat pipe coolers are arranged so as to face each other so that the surfaces on which the power conversion module is mounted face each other, and are connected to the upper arm side. The direct-current conductor and the direct-current conductor connected to the lower arm side are symmetrical and the ends of both are close to each other, and the three power conversion modules forming the upper arm and the lower arm are formed. Corresponding ones of the three power conversion modules are connected to each other, and the three terminals for AC are formed in a shape in which the upper arm side and the lower arm side are symmetrical. A power converter characterized by the above. 3. The power conversion device according to claim 2, wherein a circuit for driving each of the power conversion modules is provided on a circuit board, and the circuit board is provided between the two opposed heat pipe coolers. The power conversion device is characterized by being installed. 4. The power converter according to claim 1, wherein a transistor module for converting DC power into AC power is used as the power conversion module, and the DC conductor is used as an input conductor of DC power. A power conversion device comprising an inverter device for converting DC power into AC power by using the three AC terminals as output terminals for AC power. 5. The power converter according to claim 1, wherein a diode module for converting AC power into DC power is used as the power conversion module, and the DC conductor is used as an output conductor of DC power. A power converter comprising a rectifying device for converting AC power into DC power by using the three AC terminals as input terminals for AC power.