JPH07127556A - Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine - Google Patents

Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine

Info

Publication number
JPH07127556A
JPH07127556A JP5275080A JP27508093A JPH07127556A JP H07127556 A JPH07127556 A JP H07127556A JP 5275080 A JP5275080 A JP 5275080A JP 27508093 A JP27508093 A JP 27508093A JP H07127556 A JPH07127556 A JP H07127556A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
efficiency
turbine efficiency
turbine
vane
reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5275080A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naotoshi Shibata
直俊 柴田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meidensha Corp, Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Meidensha Corp
Priority to JP5275080A priority Critical patent/JPH07127556A/en
Publication of JPH07127556A publication Critical patent/JPH07127556A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

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  • Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain turbine efficiency at the maximum level even if the opening degree of a runner vane is a prescribed value or less by calculating reduction of the turbine efficiency, and fuzzy-inferring respective opening degree correcting amounts of a guide vane and the runner vane when the calculating value is a prescribed value or less. CONSTITUTION:In a turbine efficiency reduction calculating device 1, reduction of turbine efficiency is calculated on the basis of each water level of a head tank and a tailrace, a flow amount, turbine efficiency initial setting, current, and the like, and also outlet is generated on a display device 2 when the calculating value becomes a prescribed value or less. In a fuzzy inference device 3, respective opening degree correcting amounts of a guide vane and a runner vane are decided by fuzzy inference in association with on-scanning of a switch (SW) on the basis of the reduction amount of turbine efficiency and the reference value thereof, and the reduction amount of effective head and the reference value thereof. In a control unit 4, the vane and the runner vane are respectively correct-controlled according to respective opening degree correcting amounts. In a turbine efficiency changing device 5, an efficiency set value is changed according to output of the control unit 4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、カプラン水車の経年運
用による水車効率低下を補正するカプラン水車の効率補
正システムに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Kaplan turbine efficiency correction system for correcting deterioration of turbine efficiency due to aged operation of the Kaplan turbine.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】カプラン水車(ガイドベーンとランナベ
ーンがある一定の関係をもって制御される水車)は、初
期納入時にその最高効率が出せるようにその特性を規定
し運用に入っている。
2. Description of the Related Art Kaplan turbines (turbines controlled with a certain relationship between a guide vane and a runner vane) are specified and put into operation so that their maximum efficiency can be achieved at the time of initial delivery.

【0003】ところが経年運用により機械的摩耗及び水
利条件変更等により、水車特性が当初のもので最適であ
るとは言えなくなってしまっている場合が多い。このた
め本出願人はカプラン水車の効率チェックシステムを提
案した(公開技報92−21820)。
However, in many cases, due to mechanical wear and changes in water usage conditions due to long-term operation, the turbine characteristics may not be optimal at the initial one. Therefore, the applicant proposed a Kaplan turbine efficiency check system (Open Technical Report 92-21820).

【0004】このカプラン水車の効率チェックシステム
は、(1)式の演算により効率低下△ηtを演算し、△
ηt≧X%のとき効率低下検出信号を出力するようにな
っている。
This Kaplan turbine efficiency check system calculates the efficiency decrease Δη t by the calculation of equation (1), and
When η t ≧ X%, an efficiency decrease detection signal is output.

【0005】[0005]

【数1】 [Equation 1]

【0006】ただし、Q:流量、He:有効落差(上水
槽水位H1−放水路水位H2−鉄管損失)、P(正):納
入時水車効率カーブ,発電機効率カーブによる水車効率
ηt,発電機効率ηGを用いた電力(9.8QHeη
tηG)、P(実):実際の電力。
[0006] However, Q: flow rate, H e: effective head (upper water tank water level H 1 - tailrace water level H 2 - iron pipe losses), P (Positive): Delivery time waterwheel efficiency curve, water turbine efficiency η by the generator efficiency curve t , power using generator efficiency η G (9.8QH e η
t η G ), P (actual): actual power.

【0007】上記カプラン水車の効率チェックシステム
は、水車効率の変化(低下)を求めその値が所定の値以
上になったとき警報を出力するにとどまっている。この
ため効率の低下を補正し最高効率で水車を運用すること
ができなかった。
[0007] The Kaplan turbine efficiency check system only seeks a change (decrease) in turbine efficiency and outputs an alarm when the value exceeds a predetermined value. For this reason, it was not possible to compensate for the decrease in efficiency and operate the water turbine at the highest efficiency.

【0008】そこで、本出願人は、先に水車を常に最高
効率で運用することができるカプラン水車の効率補正シ
ステムを提案した(特願平5−89600号)。このカ
プラン水車の効率補正システムは、図4に示すように上
記従来(1)式の演算を行う水車効率低下演算装置1
と、この演算装置1の出力により動作する水車効率低下
表示器2と、演算の出力により動作するリレーRY1
より推論を開始するファジー推論装置3と、この推論装
置3の指令により動作しランナベーンRVの開度補正す
るランナベーン開度補正制御装置6で構成されている。
[0008] Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has previously proposed an efficiency correction system for a Kaplan turbine, which can always operate the turbine at the highest efficiency (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-89600). This Kaplan turbine efficiency correction system is, as shown in FIG. 4, a turbine turbine efficiency reduction calculation device 1 for performing the calculation of the conventional formula (1).
, A turbine efficiency decrease indicator 2 which operates by the output of the arithmetic unit 1, a fuzzy inference unit 3 which starts inference by a relay RY 1 which operates by the output of the arithmetic unit, and a runner vane RV which operates by a command of the inference unit 3. The runner vane opening degree correction control device 6 corrects the opening degree.

【0009】そして、ファジー推論装置3は、図5の
(イ)及び(ロ)に示す水車効率η低下量及び落差低下
量に関するメンバーシップ関数と水車効率η低下量及び
有効落差Heの低下量に関するファジールール R1:IFηが基準値より低い R2:AND Heが基準値より低い R3:THEN RV補正量を大きくする によってランナベーン(RV)開度補正量の推論を行い
ランナベーン開度補正制御装置6にランナベーン開度補
正指令を出す。
Then, the fuzzy reasoning device 3 uses the membership function relating to the reduction amount of the turbine efficiency η and the reduction amount of the head as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 5, the reduction amount of the turbine efficiency η and the reduction amount of the effective head H e . about fuzzy rules R1: IFη lower than the reference value R2: aND H e is lower than the reference value R3: THEN RV correction amount runner vane opening correction control unit performs inference runner vane (RV) opening correction amount by the increasing 6 A runner vane opening correction command is issued to.

【0010】一般的なカプラン水車の特性は図6に示す
ように、各々の落差時にランナベーン開度80%以上に
てガイドベーン開度が飽和するので、ランナベーン開度
80%以上の場合、上記ファジー推論による指令によっ
てランナベーンの開度を補正することによりカプラン水
車を最高効率で運用できる。
As shown in FIG. 6, the characteristic of a general Kaplan turbine is that the guide vane opening is saturated at a runner vane opening of 80% or more at each head. The Kaplan turbine can be operated with the highest efficiency by correcting the opening of the runner vanes by a command based on inference.

【0011】しかして、運用中カプラン水車の効率が所
定のX%低下すると演算装置1から水車効率低下検出出
力が出てファジー推論装置3がファジー推論してランナ
ベーン開度補正指令を出力するのでランナベーン制御装
置6はこの指令に従ってランナベーンの開度を補正す
る。
However, when the efficiency of the Kaplan turbine in operation falls by a predetermined X%, the arithmetic unit 1 outputs a turbine turbine efficiency decrease detection output, and the fuzzy inference unit 3 fuzzy infers and outputs a runner vane opening correction command. The controller 6 corrects the opening degree of the runner vanes according to this command.

【0012】[0012]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記カプラン
水車の効率補正システムは、カプラン水車の特性が、図
6に示すように、ランナベーン開度80%以上でガイド
ベーン開度が飽和するので、この特性を利用しランナベ
ーン開度80%以上で開度を補正しているので、ランナ
ベーン開度80%以下の場合水車効率を最高にすること
はできない。
However, in the Kaplan turbine efficiency correction system, the characteristic of the Kaplan turbine is that the guide vane opening is saturated at a runner vane opening of 80% or more, as shown in FIG. Since the opening is corrected by using the characteristic at the runner vane opening of 80% or more, the turbine efficiency cannot be maximized when the runner vane opening is 80% or less.

【0013】本発明は、従来のこのような問題点に鑑み
てなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、ラン
ナベーン開度80%以下の場合でも水車効率を最高にで
きるカプラン水車の効率補正システムを提供することに
ある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to correct the efficiency of the Kaplan turbine, which can maximize the turbine efficiency even when the runner vane opening is 80% or less. To provide a system.

【0014】[0014]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明におけるカプラン水車の効率補正システム
は、上水槽水位,放水路水位,流量、効率初期設定及び
電力等から水車効率低下を演算し効率が所定値以下にな
ると出力する水車効率低下演算装置と、この水車効率低
下演算装置の出力があるとき水車効率の低下量とその基
準値及び有効落差の低下量とその基準値からファジー推
論によりガイドベーンの開度補正量とランナベーンの開
度補正量を決定するファジー推論装置と、このファジー
推論装置のガイドベーン開度補正指令によりガイドベー
ン開度を制御するガイドベーン補正制御手段と、このガ
イドベーン開度制御により効率が改善されない場合、ラ
ンナベーン開度制御をするランナベーン補正制御装置と
を備えてなることを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the efficiency correction system for Kaplan turbines according to the present invention calculates a reduction in turbine efficiency from the water level in the aquarium tank, the water level in the discharge channel, the flow rate, the initial efficiency setting, and the electric power. The efficiency reduction calculator that outputs when the efficiency falls below a predetermined value, and the output of this turbine efficiency decrease calculator, the amount of decrease in turbine efficiency and its reference value and the amount of decrease in effective head and that fuzzy inference from the reference value A fuzzy inference device that determines the opening correction amount of the guide vane and the opening correction amount of the runner vane by the guide vane correction control means that controls the guide vane opening by the guide vane opening correction command of the fuzzy inference device. If the efficiency is not improved by the guide vane opening control, it must be equipped with a runner vane correction control device that controls the runner vane opening. And butterflies.

【0015】[0015]

【作用】水車効率低下演算装置は水車効率低下を演算し
ており水車効率が所定値以下になると出力する。この出
力があったときファジー推論装置はファジー推論による
ガイドベーン開度補正指令をガイドベーン開度補正制御
部に出力してガイドベーン開度補正する。
[Function] The turbine efficiency decrease calculation device calculates the turbine efficiency decrease and outputs it when the turbine efficiency becomes a predetermined value or less. When this output is received, the fuzzy inference apparatus outputs a guide vane opening correction command based on fuzzy inference to the guide vane opening correction controller to correct the guide vane opening.

【0016】この補正により効率が改善されない場合は
ファジー推論によるランナベーン開度補正指令をランナ
ベーン開度補正制御部に出力してランナベーン開度を補
正する。ファジー推論によりガイドベーン又はランナベ
ーンの開度を補正するので、ランナベーン開度が飽和す
る開度80%以下でも水車効率の改善が可能になる。
If the efficiency is not improved by this correction, a runner vane opening correction command based on fuzzy inference is output to the runner vane opening correction control unit to correct the runner vane opening. Since the opening of the guide vane or the runner vane is corrected by fuzzy reasoning, the turbine efficiency can be improved even when the opening of the runner vane is 80% or less.

【0017】[0017]

【実施例】本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明
する。図1はカプラン水車の効率補正システムの制御ブ
ロック図を示す。図1において、1は上記(1)式の演
算を行う水車効率低下演算装置、2はこの水車効率低下
検出出力で動作する水車効率低下表示器、3はスイッチ
SWのONにより推論を開始するファジー推論装置、4
はその制御部、5は制御部の効率改善出力により水車効
率低下演算装置の水車効率設定を変更する水車効率変更
装置である。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a control block diagram of an efficiency correction system for a Kaplan turbine. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a turbine efficiency lowering calculation device for performing the calculation of the above formula (1), 2 is a turbine efficiency lowering indicator which operates with this turbine efficiency lowering detection output, and 3 is a fuzzy which starts inference by turning on a switch SW. Reasoning device, 4
Reference numeral 5 is a control unit for the turbine, and reference numeral 5 is a turbine efficiency changing device for changing the turbine efficiency setting of the turbine efficiency reduction calculation device according to the efficiency improvement output of the controller.

【0018】ファジー推論装置3はランナベーン開度8
0%以下において効率ηの低下量μηと有効落差He
低下量μeを計算する。また、ガイドベーン補正量μ
Gは、メンバーシップ関数を図2(A)の(イ),
(ロ)ようにし、ファジールールを、 R1:ηが基準値より低い R2:AND Heが基準値より低い R3:THEN GV補正量を大きくする としてファジー推論する。
The fuzzy reasoning device 3 has a runner vane opening of 8
At 0% or less, the decrease amount of efficiency η μη and the decrease amount of effective head H e μ e are calculated. In addition, the guide vane correction amount μ
G shows the membership function as (a) in FIG.
(B) As to the fuzzy rules, R1: eta is lower than the reference value R2: AND H e less than the reference value R3: fuzzy inference as to increase the THEN GV correction amount.

【0019】また、ランナベーン補正量μRは、メンバ
ーシップ関数を図2(A)の(イ),(ロ)ようにし、
ファジールールを、 R1:IF ηが基準値より低い R2:AND Heが基準値より低い R3:THEN RV補正量を大きくする としてファジー推論する。
Further, the runner vane correction amount μ R is obtained by setting the membership function as shown in (A) and (B) of FIG.
The fuzzy rules, R1: lower IF eta is than the reference value R2: AND H e less than the reference value R3: fuzzy inference as to increase the THEN RV correction amount.

【0020】次に、実施例の動作について説明する。カ
プラン水車の効率が低下すると、(1)式を演算してい
る水車効率低下演算装置が出力し、表示装置2に効率低
下を表示する。
Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described. When the efficiency of the Kaplan turbine is reduced, the turbine efficiency reduction calculation device that calculates the equation (1) outputs and the display 2 displays the efficiency reduction.

【0021】そこで、スイッチSWをONすると、ファ
ジー推論装置3が動作して上記ファジー推論を開始し、
制御部4は、ステップ1(ガイドベーン補正制御手段)
で水車効率の低下量μηと有効落差の低下量μhの大小
によりガイドベーン制御モータ(図示省略)を制御して
ガイドベーンを図3の矢印a,b方向に補正する。この
時ランナベーンは固定して置く。ステップS2で効率改
善されたか否かをみる。効率改善されていない場合は、
ステップS3でタイムアップしないうちにガイドベーン
を元に戻し、タイムアップしたらステップ4(ランナベ
ーン補正制御手段)でランナベーン制御モータ(図示省
略)を制御してランナベーンを図3の矢印c,d方向に
補正する。この時ガイドベーンは固定して置く。ステッ
プS5で効率改善されたか否かをみる。
Therefore, when the switch SW is turned on, the fuzzy inference apparatus 3 operates to start the fuzzy inference,
The control unit 4 is step 1 (guide vane correction control means).
The guide vane control motor (not shown) is controlled according to the magnitude of the decrease in turbine efficiency μη and the decrease in effective head μh to correct the guide vanes in the directions of arrows a and b in FIG. At this time, the runner vanes are fixed. Whether or not the efficiency is improved is checked in step S2. If efficiency is not improved,
The guide vane is returned to the original state before the time is up in step S3, and when the time is up, the runner vane control motor (not shown) is controlled in step 4 (runner vane correction control means) to correct the runner vane in the directions of arrows c and d in FIG. To do. At this time, keep the guide vanes fixed. It is checked in step S5 whether the efficiency has been improved.

【0022】効率改善されていない場合は、ステップS
6でタイムアップしないうちにランナベーンを元に戻
し、タイムアップしたらステップS6で補正渋滞の警報
を出力する。
If the efficiency has not been improved, step S
The runner vane is returned to the original state before the time is up in 6, and when the time is up, a correction traffic warning is output in step S6.

【0023】ステップS2又はS5により効率改善が認
められたらステップS7で効率改善出力を効率設定値変
更装置5に入力し、効率低下演算装置1の水車効率設定
を変更する。
When the efficiency improvement is recognized in step S2 or S5, the efficiency improvement output is input to the efficiency set value changing device 5 in step S7 to change the hydraulic turbine efficiency setting of the efficiency lowering calculation device 1.

【0024】以上のようにしてガイドベーン又はランナ
ベーンをファジー制御しているので、ランナベーン開度
80%以下の場合の水車効率を最高に制御することがで
きる。
Since the guide vanes or the runner vanes are fuzzy controlled as described above, the turbine efficiency can be controlled to the maximum when the runner vane opening is 80% or less.

【0025】[0025]

【発明の効果】本発明は、上述のとおり構成されている
ので、次に記載する効果を奏する。
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

【0026】(1)常に水車効率をチェックして補正す
ることができるので、常時水車を最高の効率で運転する
ことができる。
(1) Since the turbine efficiency can always be checked and corrected, the turbine can always be operated at the highest efficiency.

【0027】(2)常に水車効率をチェックしているの
で、運転中の水車の機械的劣化判定が可能となる。
(2) Since the turbine efficiency is constantly checked, it is possible to judge the mechanical deterioration of the turbine during operation.

【0028】(3)水車効率の補正の可否により水車効
率低下の原因が水車機械部か土木構造物の判断が可能と
なる。
(3) It is possible to judge whether the cause of the decrease in turbine efficiency is the machine section of the turbine or the civil engineering structure depending on whether or not the turbine efficiency can be corrected.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】実施例のシステムの構成説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a system configuration according to an embodiment.

【図2】実施例のメンバーシップ関数及び補正量のパタ
ーン図。
FIG. 2 is a pattern diagram of a membership function and a correction amount according to the embodiment.

【図3】実施例のベーン制御順序説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a vane control sequence according to the embodiment.

【図4】従来例のシステム構成図。FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional example.

【図5】従来例のメンバーシップ及び補正量のパターン
図。
FIG. 5 is a pattern diagram of membership and correction amount in a conventional example.

【図6】カプラン水車特性曲線図。FIG. 6 is a Kaplan turbine characteristic curve diagram.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…水車効率低下演算装置 2…水車効率低下表示装置 3…ファジー推論装置 4…制御部 5…水車効率設定値変更装置 6…ランナーベーン補正制御装置 1 ... Turbine efficiency reduction calculation device 2 ... Turbine efficiency reduction display device 3 ... Fuzzy reasoning device 4 ... Control unit 5 ... Turbine efficiency set value changing device 6 ... Runner vane correction control device

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 上水槽水位,放水路水位,流量、効率初
期設定及び電力等から水車効率低下を演算し効率が所定
値以下になると出力する水車効率低下演算装置と、 この水車効率低下演算装置の出力があるとき水車効率の
低下量とその基準値及び有効落差の低下量とその基準値
からファジー推論によりガイドベーンの開度補正量とラ
ンナベーンの開度補正量を決定するファジー推論装置
と、 このファジー推論装置のガイドベーン開度補正指令によ
りガイドベーン開度を制御するガイドベーン補正制御手
段と、 このガイドベーン開度制御により効率が改善されない場
合ランナベーン開度制御をするランナベーン補正制御手
段と、を備えてなることを特徴としたカプラン水車の効
率低下補正システム。
1. A water turbine efficiency decrease calculation device for calculating a water turbine efficiency decrease from a water level of a water tank, a discharge channel water level, a flow rate, an efficiency initial setting, an electric power, etc., and outputting when the efficiency falls below a predetermined value, and this water turbine efficiency decrease calculation device. A fuzzy reasoning device that determines the opening correction amount of the guide vane and the opening correction amount of the runner vane by fuzzy reasoning from the reduction amount of the turbine efficiency and its reference value and the reduction amount of the effective head and its reference value when there is an output of Guide vane correction control means for controlling the guide vane opening by the guide vane opening correction command of this fuzzy inference device, and runner vane correction control means for controlling the runner vane opening when efficiency is not improved by this guide vane opening control, A Kaplan turbine efficiency reduction correction system characterized by comprising the following.
JP5275080A 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine Pending JPH07127556A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5275080A JPH07127556A (en) 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5275080A JPH07127556A (en) 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07127556A true JPH07127556A (en) 1995-05-16

Family

ID=17550541

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5275080A Pending JPH07127556A (en) 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Efficiency correcting system for kaplan turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH07127556A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102069997B1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-01-23 선호수 Hydraulic turbine efficiency measurement system and method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102069997B1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-01-23 선호수 Hydraulic turbine efficiency measurement system and method thereof

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