JPH07121190B2 - Mobile crop cultivation device and method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a mobile crop cultivating apparatus and method for cultivating rice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional cultivation of rice involves sowing seeds in early spring and planting seedlings raised in the seedlings in paddy fields in May to June and harvesting them in the fall. It can be harvested only twice on the ground. However, such a conventional cultivation method is extremely difficult in the mountain area,
Generally, it requires an enormous amount of flat land. Moreover, there is a serious problem that a large amount of pesticide is required to prevent pests and diseases, the producer is damaged by the pesticide, and the consumer consumes the grain contaminated with the pesticide. In addition, there is a problem that it takes time and labor in addition to the limitation of varieties due to the climate of the production area.

[0003]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, open rice farms that can be diverted to residential areas, factories, etc. In addition, it is possible to create the conditions for the right crops for the right crops, there is almost no change in the production amount due to the weather, the number of harvests is increased up to about 10 times a year without the labor and labor, and the high quality of the crops is produced by continuous cultivation throughout the year. , And to provide a mobile crop cultivation device and method as a new system of agricultural environment adjustment engineering that enables high productivity.

[0004]

According to the present invention, which has solved the above-mentioned problems, a nutrient solution injection device for intermittently injecting a cultivation nutrient solution is provided in the lower part, and seedlings are planted in a growing room inclined to the south . A movable type by a nutrient solution injection characterized in that a movable frame that can move freely from the supply part to the crop harvesting part is provided and a large number of porous growing beds are housed in the movable frame so that the mutual intervals can be adjusted. The first invention is a cultivation device for crops, and automatic seeding
It is possible to use a large number of porous growth beds where seedlings that have been raised are planted.
A growing room that is arranged and stored in a moving frame and is tilted to the south
Step-like cultivation surface from the seedling supply section to the crop harvesting section
The cultivated nutrient solution was intermittently sprayed and
It is necessary to proceed while adjusting the mutual spacing of the porous growth beds.
The mobile crop cultivation method by the nutrient solution injection characterized by
It is an invention of No. 2 .

[0005]

[Action] In the present invention, the movable frame housing the multi-hole foster floors or supply of seedlings grown room tilted southward
To proceed step-like cultivation surface toward the harvest of Luo crops
And the crops can move while being vegetated in steps.
As a result, it is possible to illuminate the entire crop sufficiently, and there is sufficient ventilation, and the mutual spacing of the porous growing beds housed in the movable frame can be expanded and adjusted sequentially according to the growth of the crop. Interference between crops does not interfere with daylighting and ventilation. Moreover, the terms of cultivation nutrient solution of the anagen separately properly managed required amount from nutrient solution injection device downward against the porous growing bed seedlings are housed in portable dynamic frame is intermittently injected Crop growth is extremely good because it can absorb the oxygen required for growth from the roots. Then, the crops ripe in each invention co-breeding room are cut off in the harvesting section.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings in the case of rice cultivation. 1 is a greenhouse installation zone, and the greenhouse installation zone 1 has a southward inclination of about 35 degrees.
Those having a plurality of staircase surface slope zone the greenhouse installation
A plurality of growing chambers 2 with good lighting are formed in the window 1 .
The growing room 2 having a stepped surface inclined to the south as a cultivation surface has one end serving as a seedling supply section 3 and the other end serving as a harvested section 4 for cultivated crops. According to the first section 2a of the first stage to grow to middle seedlings, the second section 2b of the second period to grow from middle seedlings to flowering, and the third section 2c of the third period to grow from flowering to full maturity In the second section
2b has a width about 1.5 times that of the first section 2a, and the third section
The width of 2c is about 1.5 times wider than that of the second section 2b so that the daylight and ventilation will not deteriorate due to the growth of cultivated crops.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a seedling supply section formed at one end of the growing room 2, and a large number of porous growing beds 6 on which seedlings that have been seeded by automatic seeding are planted are vertically long in the supply section 3. It is designed to be sequentially fed to the movable frame 5. Also,
The bottom of each movable frame 5 has an opening 5a formed with an inner collar for supporting a porous growing bed at the periphery, and an outer collar is provided at the upper edge so that a cultivation nutrient solution sprayed in a mist from below is not scattered upward. To form. Further, the movable frame 5 is sequentially sent to the harvesting section 4 by a driving device 7 such as a chain conveyor with a pulling hook provided in each section of the growing chamber 2 for adjusting the mutual interval between the porous growing beds 6, 6. It is something that goes. In addition, since the movable frame 5 is provided in each of the drive units 7 of the second section 2b and the third section 2c at a distance 1.5 times larger than that of the first section 2a and the second section 2b, the cultivation nutrient solution is scattered from the gap. A shielding plate 7a is provided to prevent this.

Reference numeral 8 is a seeding section attached to the front part of the growing chamber 2, 9 is an automatic seeding machine installed in the seeding section 8, and a porous growing floor material 11 accumulated in a waiting place 10 of the seeding section 8 When the seeds are fed into the automatic seeding machine 9, the automatic seeding machine 9 sequentially inserts seeds into a large number of seeding holes formed in the porous growth floor material 11. 12 is a germination part following the seeding part 8. The germination part 12 is for germinating the seeds of the porous growing bed 6 and then raising the seedlings for about 10 days, and the roots of the seedlings of the porous growing bed 11 are allowed to grow. At the same time, it is exposed from the porous growth bed 6 to the outside. Reference numeral 13 is a nutrient solution injection device provided above the germination portion 12.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a carry-in section following the germination section 12, in which the porous growing floor material 11 is cut into a predetermined size by a cutting / charging machine 15 and then stored in the movable frame 5. The empty movable frame 5 returned from the harvesting unit 4 is sterilized and washed with water in the cleaning processing unit 16 and then reused. Reference numeral 17 denotes a transfer line for returning the movable frame 5 from each harvesting section 4 of each growing room 2. Incidentally, 18 feed the movable frame 5 housing a multi-hole foster bed 6 to the supply unit 3 of the growing chamber 2 transport line,
Reference numeral 19 is a pusher that sends the conveyed movable frame 5 to the supply unit 3, and 20 is a feeding conveyor that sends the movable frame 5 above the growing chamber 2.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a combine provided in the harvesting section 4, which cuts out the ripe rice in the movable frame 5 sent from the growing room 2 by the harvesting conveyor 22 and removes the root protruding from the lower surface of the porous growing bed 6. It is cut by the root cutting machine 23, and the cut roots are accumulated in the storage box 24 and then discarded. The paddy is packed in a bag or stored in the storage tank 21a. Then, the movable frame 5 is placed on the transfer line 17 and returned to the carry-in section 14 after discarding the porous growing bed 6.

Reference numeral 25 is a nutrient solution spraying device provided in the lower part of the growing chamber 2. The nutrient solution spraying device 25 is a hose 26 having a large number of spray holes 27 penetrating therethrough. , A specific cultivation nutrient solution such as liquid fertilizer is intermittently sprayed toward the roots of the crops on the porous cultivation floor 6 exposed from the opening 5a of the movable frame 5, and 25a indicates the remaining cultivation nutrient solution. The gutter to receive. The nutrient solution spraying device 25 can also be used for spraying pesticides and spraying cleaning water in a greenhouse, and 28 is a management room, in which the temperature in the growth room 2 and the type of cultivation nutrient solution, The concentration, disinfection, carbon dioxide gas supply and the like are automatically controlled so that the inside of the growing room 2 is always kept under optimum conditions for growing crops.

In the thus constructed apparatus, the porous growing floor material 11 seeded in the seeding section 8 is germinated in the germination section 12 to grow seedlings for about 10 days, and then the porosity is grown in the carry-in section 14. The floor material 11 is cut into a predetermined size to form a large number of porous growing beds 6 in which seedlings are planted, and the porous growing beds 6 are housed in a vertically movable frame 5. Then, the movable frame 5 accommodating the porous growth floor 6
Is sent to the supply unit 3 of the growing room 2. The movable frame 5 sent to the supply unit 3 is driven by the drive unit 7 to the first section 2a of the first period.
In parallel with the above, the cultivation is performed while supplying a specific cultivation nutrient solution by the nutrient solution injection device 25 for about 30 days. When the growth of the first stage is completed in this way, the movable frame 5 is driven by the drive device 7 to be arranged in parallel with the second section 2b of the second stage. At this time, the mutual distance between the porous growth beds 6, 6 is about the same as that of the first section 2a.
1.5 times. Then, in the second section 2b of this second stage, the same growth as in the first stage was carried out for about 30 days, and the movable frame 5 was again used.
Are sent to the third section 2c of the third period and are arranged in parallel. In addition, the mutual space | interval of the porous growth beds 6 at this time is also about 1.5 times the 2nd division 2b.

[0013] Next, by feeding the third stage of the third rice said a third stage of development of the same way about 30 days ripe done in section 2c harvesting unit 4 performs cutting. The movable frame 5 that has been trimmed is returned to the loading unit 14 by the transport line 17 after discarding unnecessary members left therein. The movable frame 5 returned to the carry-in section 14 in this way is disinfected and washed with water by the cleaning processing section 16 and then returned to the initial stage, and thereafter, the same operation is repeated, and is subject to seasonal restrictions. It is capable of producing rice all year round.

For this reason, it is preferable to maintain the optimum temperature conditions all year round, such as heating the greenhouse from winter to spring. The growing period is usually about 30 days for one period and about 90 days for a total of three periods, but it is preferable to allow a little extra margin. Further, it is also possible to supply carbon dioxide gas as needed to enhance the growing conditions, to suppress the generation of pests by sterilizing air and water, and to reduce pesticides or to grow without pesticides.

Further, when to hold the optimal condition constantly growing programmed control other levels of temperature and culture solution were based on automatic control or experimental data based on a sampling of more efficient In addition to being able to grow, unmanned cultivation is possible, the scale of the device can be freely set, and it is of course possible to support from a home-grown level to a business-based scale. It is not limited to the fixed type, but may be freely movable.

[0016]

As is clear from the above description, the present invention enables high density cultivation by effectively utilizing land that was not suitable for conventional crop cultivation such as sloping land if it is sunny, and is high density cultivation. Nevertheless, sufficient sunshine and ventilation can be obtained, and since rice can be harvested every 30 days, the number of harvests can be increased to about 10 times a year, and a large amount of harvest can be obtained by continuous cultivation all year round in a small land. In addition to eliminating various problems caused by spraying pesticides, there is almost no change in production due to the weather, and it is possible to supply delicious new rice and other high-quality crops all year round without labor and labor. is there. Therefore, when it is applied to rice cultivation, the production plan can be adjusted freely, and the stock rice is not needed. The management and maintenance cost can be reduced by opening the warehouse for stock rice, and the rice paddy for rice operation can be opened about 3 million hectares. Therefore, it can be used as a residential land for agricultural land and can also be used for flat land.

[0017] In addition, by providing a nutrient solution injection device at the bottom of the training room, from the root was exposed from the porous foster floor on top that can give without waste only the amount necessary to time that require the necessary culture solution The amount of fertilizer applied and the growth status of crops can be easily monitored by monitoring the oxygen uptake and roots of plants, and the introduction of new production technology and biotechnology can be facilitated, contributing to the improvement of quality and productivity. There are some that are not. Furthermore, since the growing room is tilted, it can be installed on a sloping area in a mountainous area if it is on the south side, so if it is installed in a mountainous area where geothermal heat, hot spring heat, or natural gas can be easily used, oil, etc. Since it can be cultivated without using energy, production cost can be reduced and international competitiveness can be enhanced.

[0018] Thus, the present invention, stable continuous production since not affected by the weather in terms of luxury and high-quality crops it is possible to freely set the crop of the training environment by greenhouse can be produced without being restricted by the region It has many advantages, such as the ability to grow, and is a great contribution to Japanese agriculture as an optimal mobile crop cultivation device and method for cultivating crops such as rice.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a seeding part and a germination part.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a carry-in section.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a movable frame feeding conveyor.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a growing room.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a driving device that adjusts the mutual distance between the porous growth beds in the first section.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a drive device for adjusting the mutual spacing of the porous growth beds in the second section.

FIG. 12 is a side view of the harvesting section.

FIG. 13 is a side view of the fertilizer application device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Growth room 3 Seedling supply section 4 Harvesting section 5 Movable frame 6 Porous growth floor 25 Nutrient solution injection device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A nutrient solution injection device for intermittently injecting a nutrient solution for cultivation.
Growing room (2) with a stand (25) installed at the bottom and sloping to the south
Moving from seedling supply department (3) to crop harvesting department (4)
A movable frame (5) is provided so that the movable frame (5) has a large number of holes.
The sex growing floor (6) is stored so that the mutual spacing can be adjusted.
A cultivation device for mobile crops, which is characterized by the following: 2. A seedling which is self-seeded and raised is planted.
A large number of porous growth beds are arranged and housed in a movable frame.
Yield of crops from the seedling supply section in the growing room tilted to the south
Intermittent jetting of a stepwise cultivation surface toward the harvest department
The inter-spacing of porous growing beds according to the growth of plants and growing crops
For the injection of nutrient solution, which is characterized by advancing while performing
Mobile crop cultivation method. 3. The process from sowing to harvesting is carried out automatically.
The mobile crop cultivation method according to claim 2.