JPH07119414A - Method of controlling operation of refuse incinerator waste heat utilizing combined plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve stability in steam turbine output and utilizing efficiency of energy by controlling the fuel supply adjusting means of a gas turbine by a controller based on a current steam amount and a current steam temperature in a steam supply pipeline. CONSTITUTION:A current steam amount and a current steam temperature in a steam supply pipeline are detected by a gas flow meter 112a and a thermometer 112b. Base on the current steam amount and the current steam temperature obtained, the fuel valve 306 of a gas turbine 301 is controlled by a controller 400. By the control of the fuel valve 306, the amount and the temperature of waste gas from the gas turbine to be supplied into the second steam superheater 111 are controlled. By the control of the amount and the temperature of the waste gas, the temperature of superheated steam to be supplied into the steam turbines 201, 202 is controlled to an appropriate level. It is thus possible to stabilize steam turbine output and improve utilizing efficiency of energy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an operation control method for a waste heat utilization complex plant of a refuse incinerator which drives a steam turbine for power generation by utilizing waste heat of an incinerator or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an incineration facility for municipal solid waste, the exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator is guided to a waste heat boiler to generate steam to recover and use energy in the exhaust gas boiler. The steam generated in 1 is used as a driving fluid for a steam turbine that generates electricity. In this case, since the steam generated in the waste heat boiler is saturated steam or superheated steam, the generated steam is superheated to superheated steam having an appropriate superheat temperature in the superheater and then supplied to the steam turbine to output turbine output. We are aiming to increase and improve power generation efficiency. As the above-mentioned superheater, there is a type that uses exhaust gas of a gas turbine for power generation as a heat source.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the steam temperature and the steam amount generated in the waste heat boiler fluctuate according to the change of the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas amount of the incinerator, and the exhaust gas of the incinerator is changed. The temperature and the amount of exhaust gas change depending on the combustion state of the incinerator. The combustion state of the incinerator changes depending on the amount of waste to be put into the incinerator, the quality of the waste, and the amount of supplied air, and when there are multiple incinerators, it also changes depending on the number of operating furnaces.

On the other hand, as the amount of steam generated in the waste heat boiler and the steam temperature change, the amount of heat required to superheat the steam generated in the boiler to the superheated steam at an appropriate temperature in the superheater fluctuates, and the amount of steam increases. Acts as a factor that increases the required heat amount, and an increase in steam temperature acts as a factor that decreases the required heat amount.

Therefore, if the exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine exhaust gas supplied to the superheater are kept constant, the amount of heat supplied to the superheater will be excessive or insufficient due to changes in the steam amount and steam temperature generated in the waste heat boiler. If the amount of heat supplied is insufficient, the dryness of the exhaust of the steam turbine will decrease, reducing the stage efficiency of the turbine, and it will also affect the life of the blades.If the amount of heat supplied is excessive, the efficiency of energy utilization of the entire plant Is reduced.

The present invention solves the above problems by adjusting the exhaust gas amount of a gas turbine to be supplied to a superheater according to the steam temperature and the steam amount of steam generated in a waste heat boiler attached to an incinerator to superheat. It is an object of the present invention to provide an operation control method for a waste heat utilization complex plant of a refuse incinerator, which can suppress excess or deficiency of the amount of heat in the furnace and stabilize the output of the steam turbine and enhance the energy utilization efficiency.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the operation control method of the waste heat utilization combined plant of the waste incinerator of the present invention is to recover waste heat from the incinerator exhaust gas of the incinerator in the waste heat boiler. To generate steam, superheat the generated steam with a steam superheater that uses the gas turbine exhaust gas of the gas turbine as a heat source, and supply the superheated superheated steam to the steam turbine , The current steam amount and the current steam temperature in the steam supply line for sending steam from the waste heat boiler to the steam turbine are detected by the steam flow rate detecting means and the steam temperature detecting means, and based on the detected current steam amount and the current steam temperature. Control device to control the fuel supply amount adjusting means of the gas turbine, and the gas supplied from the gas turbine to the steam superheater by controlling the fuel supply amount adjusting means. Controlling exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature of the turbine exhaust gas is obtained by a configuration for controlling the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine to a suitable value by controlling the amount of exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature.

The operation control method of the waste heat utilization complex plant of the waste incinerator of the present invention is to recover the waste heat from the incinerator exhaust gas of the incinerator in the waste heat boiler to generate steam, and to generate the generated steam from the boiler. In the waste heat utilization complex plant of the waste incinerator that superheats the steam turbine using the gas turbine exhaust gas of the turbine as a heat source and supplies the superheated superheated steam to the steam turbine, the set output to be input to the gas turbine controller is incinerated. Increase or decrease according to the operating state of the furnace, control the exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine exhaust gas supplied from the gas turbine to the steam superheater by increasing or decreasing the gas turbine output, and control the exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature to the steam turbine. The temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied is controlled to an appropriate value.

[0009]

In the above-mentioned first method, the required heat quantity in the steam superheater for setting the temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied to the steam turbine to an appropriate value is the present steam quantity as the temperature difference between the target steam temperature and the current steam temperature. It can be calculated by multiplication. on the other hand,
The amount of heat supplied to the steam superheater can be obtained by multiplying the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas by the exhaust gas temperature, and the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature can be controlled by adjusting the fuel supply amount to the gas turbine.

Therefore, by controlling the fuel supply amount adjusting means of the gas turbine by the control unit based on the detected current steam amount and current steam temperature, the heat supply amount to the steam superheater is controlled to a value corresponding to the required heat amount. The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine can be controlled to an appropriate value without any shortage, and the steam turbine output can be stabilized and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

In the above-mentioned second method, since the amount of steam and the steam temperature generated in the waste heat boiler increase or decrease according to the operating state of the refuse incinerator, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine is set to an appropriate value. The required amount of heat in the steam superheater also increases or decreases depending on the operating state of the refuse incinerator. On the other hand, the amount of heat supplied to the steam superheater fluctuates due to changes in the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature as the output of the gas turbine increases and decreases.

Therefore, by adjusting the output of the gas turbine according to the operating state of the refuse incinerator, the heat quantity supplied to the steam superheater is controlled to a value corresponding to the required heat quantity without excess or deficiency and supplied to the steam turbine. The temperature of the superheated steam can be set to an appropriate value, and the steam turbine output can be stabilized and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the complex plant includes an incinerator 100 for incinerating municipal waste, a steam turbine power generation device 200 for utilizing waste heat of the incinerator 100, and an independent gas turbine power generation provided separately from the incinerator 100. It is composed of the device 300.

The incinerator 100 is an incinerator outlet gas line 101.
Communicate with the chimney 103 via the flue 102, and in the middle of the flue 102, the first steam superheater 104, the waste heat boiler 105, and the sewage boiler 105 sequentially from the incinerator outlet gas pipe 101 side.
A first feed water preheater 106, a harmful gas removing device 107,
The bag filter 108 and the white smoke prevention device 109 are interposed.

The waste heat boiler 105 is for recovering energy in the exhaust gas of the incinerator 100 to generate steam, and for supplying the steam generated by the boiler to the steam turbine type power generator 200 through the steam supply line 110. It communicates with the turbine type power generation device 200. Steam supply line 11
0 is the first steam superheater 10 sequentially from the incinerator 100 side.
4, a second steam superheater 111, a gas flow meter 112a serving as a steam flow rate detecting means, a thermometer 112b serving as a steam temperature detecting means, and a first temperature reducing device 113.

The steam turbine power generator 200 includes a high pressure steam turbine 201, a low pressure steam turbine 202, and a generator 20.
3 are connected in series, and the high-pressure steam turbine 20
The steam supply line 110 communicates with the air supply port 1 and the condensate line 114 communicates with the exhaust port of the low-pressure steam turbine 202.
Further, a bypass pipe 115 that bypasses the steam turbine power generation device 200 and connects the steam supply pipe 110 and the condensate pipe 114 is provided, and a bypass valve 116 is provided in the bypass pipe 115.

The condensate pipeline 114 communicates with the condensate tank 117, and the condensate pipeline 114 is provided with a condenser 118 and a condensate pump 119 sequentially from the low-pressure turbine 202 side. The condensate tank 117 communicates with the deaerator 121 via the deaerator water supply line 120, and the deaerator water supply line 120 is connected to the deaerator water supply pump 122 and the second water supply from the side of the condensate tank 117. The preheater 123 is interposed.

The deaerator 121 communicates with the waste heat boiler 105 through a water supply pipe 124, and in the middle of the water supply pipe 124, a water supply pump 125 and a first water supply pump 125 from the side of the deaerator 121.
The water supply preheater 106 is interposed.

The exhaust port of the high-pressure steam turbine 201 communicates with the supply port of the low-pressure steam turbine 202 through the reheat steam supply line 126, and the steam reheater 127 is provided in the middle of the reheat steam supply line 126. The second temperature reducing device 128 is provided.

In the gas turbine type power generator 300, a gas turbine 301, a compressor 302 and a generator 303 are connected in series, and the exhaust port of the gas turbine 301 is the exhaust gas line 3
04 to the white smoke prevention device 109. An auxiliary combustion device 305, a second steam superheater 111, a steam reheater 127, and a second feedwater preheater 123 are sequentially provided in the exhaust gas pipe 304 from the gas turbine 301 side.

Gas flow meter 112a and thermometer 112b
Is connected to the control device 400, and the control device 400 is configured to control the opening degree of the fuel valve 306 that constitutes the fuel supply amount adjusting means of the gas turbine 301.

The operation of the above structure will be described below.
The exhaust gas of the incinerator 100 reaches the chimney 103 from the incinerator outlet gas pipe 101 through the flue 102. During this time, the waste heat boiler 105 recovers the waste heat of the exhaust gas to generate steam, and the steam generated by the boiler is passed through the steam supply pipeline 110, the first steam superheater 104, and the second steam superheater 111 to generate the steam turbine generator 200. Supply to. Further, the first water supply preheater 106 preheats the boiler water supply supplied from the deaerator 121 through the water supply line 124 by the water supply pump 125. Further, the harmful gas removing device 107 removes harmful components in the exhaust gas, the bag filter 108 removes dust in the exhaust gas, and the white smoke prevention device 109 raises the temperature of the exhaust gas to prevent white smoke. This whitening will be described later.

The first steam superheater 104 superheats the boiler-generated steam in the steam supply pipeline 110 by using the exhaust gas of the incinerator 100 as a heat source, and turns the boiler-generated steam into superheated steam having an appropriate superheating temperature. Furthermore, the superheated steam that has passed through the first steam superheater 104 is transferred to the gas turbine 30 in the second steam superheater 111.
The high-pressure steam turbine 20 is heated by using the exhaust gas of No. 1 as a heat source.
1 and superheated steam having a superheat temperature suitable for increasing the power generated by the low-pressure steam turbine 202. Gas turbine 301
When the exhaust gas temperature is low, the fuel is separately burned in the auxiliary burner 305 to adjust the exhaust gas temperature to an appropriate value.

Then, the above-mentioned superheated steam is supplied to the steam supply pipe 11
0 to the high-pressure steam turbine 201, and the generated power drives the generator 203. Further, the exhaust gas of the high-pressure steam turbine 201 is guided to the steam reheater 127 through the reheat steam supply pipe line 126, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 301 is used as a heat source in the steam reheater 127.
The exhaust gas of 01 is reheated, the reheated superheated steam is guided to the low-pressure steam turbine 202, and the generated power thereof and the generated power of the high-pressure steam turbine 201 are combined to drive the generator 203. If the superheated steam is above the upper limit temperature, the first
The temperature reducing device 113 and the second temperature reducing device 128 adjust the temperature of the superheated steam by spraying a part of the boiler feed water into the superheated steam.

Exhaust gas from the low-pressure steam turbine 203 is introduced into a condenser 118 through a condensate pipeline 114, condensed and then introduced into a condensate tank 117 by a condensate pump 119. Also,
Condensed water in the condensate tank 117 is guided to the deaerator 121 through the deaerator water supply line 120 by the deaerator water supply pump 122,
Condensed water is preheated by using the exhaust gas of the gas turbine as a heat source in the second feedwater preheater 123 on the way. Gas turbine 3
The exhaust gas of 01 is the second steam superheater 112, the steam reheater 12
7 and the second feed water preheater 123 and then led to the white smoke prevention device 109 to directly mix the treated exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 108 to raise the treated exhaust gas temperature and prevent the treated exhaust gas from becoming white smoke. To do.

Then, the current steam amount and the current steam temperature in the steam supply pipeline 110 are detected by the gas flow meter 112a and the thermometer 112b, and the second steam superheat in the controller 400 is performed based on the detected current steam amount and the current steam temperature. Of heat required in the heat exchanger 111 and the steam reheater 127, that is, the high pressure steam turbine 201 and the low pressure steam turbine 20.
Calculate the amount of heat to bring the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to 2 to an appropriate value. This required heat quantity can be obtained by multiplying the temperature difference between the target steam temperature and the current steam temperature by the current steam quantity.

On the other hand, the amount of heat supplied to the second steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 can be obtained by multiplying the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas by the exhaust gas temperature. Turbine 3
01 can be controlled by adjusting the fuel supply amount.

Therefore, the control device 400 controls the opening of the fuel valve 306 of the gas turbine 301 to adjust the fuel supply amount to the gas turbine 301 and to control the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature. , The high-pressure steam turbine 201 and the low-pressure steam turbine 203 by controlling the heat supply amount to the second steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 to a value corresponding to the required heat amount without excess or deficiency.
The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to
It is possible to stabilize the steam turbine output and improve the energy utilization efficiency.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Members having the same functions as those of the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 2, the steam amount and steam temperature generated in the waste heat boiler 105 are
Since it increases or decreases depending on the operating state of the refuse incinerator 100, the second steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 for adjusting the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the high pressure steam turbine 201 and the low pressure steam turbine 202 to appropriate values. The amount of heat required also changes depending on the operating conditions of the waste incinerator.

On the other hand, the amount of heat supplied to the second steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 fluctuates according to changes in the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature as the output of the gas turbine increases and decreases.

Therefore, the setting output manually input to the control device 400 of the gas turbine 301 by the manual setting device 401 is increased / decreased according to the operating state of the refuse incinerator 100, and the output from the gas turbine 301 is adjusted by increasing / decreasing the gas turbine output. Two
The exhaust gas amount and the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine exhaust gas supplied to the steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 are controlled. As a result, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the high-pressure steam turbine 201 and the low-pressure steam turbine 203 is controlled by controlling the amount of heat supplied to the second steam superheater 111 and the steam reheater 127 to a value corresponding to the required amount of heat without excess or deficiency. Can be set to an appropriate value, and the steam turbine output can be stabilized and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, by controlling the fuel supply amount adjusting means of the gas turbine based on the present steam amount and the present steam temperature, or by changing the output of the gas turbine of the waste incinerator. By adjusting the amount of heat supplied to the steam superheater to a value corresponding to the required amount of heat by adjusting according to the operating conditions, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine can be set to an appropriate value. It is possible to stabilize the turbine output and improve the energy utilization efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a waste heat utilization complex plant of a refuse incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing a waste heat utilization complex plant of a refuse incinerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100 Incinerator 112a Gas Flowmeter 112b Thermometer 104 First Steam Superheater 105 Waste Heat Boiler 110 Steam Supply Pipeline 112 Second Steam Superheater 200 Steam Turbine Generator 201 High Pressure Steam Turbine 202 Low Pressure Steam Turbine 300 Gas Turbine Power Generation Device 301 Gas turbine 306 Fuel valve 400 Controller

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waste heat boiler recovers waste heat from an incinerator exhaust gas of an incinerator to generate steam, and superheats the generated steam by a steam superheater using a gas turbine exhaust gas of a gas turbine as a heat source. In the waste heat utilization complex plant of the waste incinerator that supplies superheated superheated steam to the steam turbine, the current steam amount and the current steam temperature in the steam supply pipeline for sending steam from the waste heat boiler to the steam turbine are used as steam flow rate detection means. And steam temperature detecting means,
The control unit controls the fuel supply amount adjusting means of the gas turbine based on the detected current steam amount and current steam temperature, and the exhaust gas amount of the gas turbine exhaust gas supplied from the gas turbine to the steam superheater by the control of the fuel supply amount adjusting means. And a method of controlling the operation of a waste heat utilization complex plant of a refuse incinerator, which comprises controlling the temperature of exhaust gas and controlling the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine by controlling the amount of exhaust gas and the temperature of exhaust gas. 2. A waste heat boiler recovers waste heat from the incinerator exhaust gas of an incinerator to generate steam, and superheats the generated steam by a steam superheater using a gas turbine exhaust gas as a heat source. In the waste heat utilization complex plant of the waste incinerator that supplies superheated superheated steam to the steam turbine, the set output input to the gas turbine control device is increased or decreased according to the operating condition of the waste incinerator to increase or decrease the gas turbine output. By controlling the exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine exhaust gas supplied from the gas turbine to the steam superheater, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the steam turbine is controlled to an appropriate value by controlling the exhaust gas amount and exhaust gas temperature. Operation control method for a combined plant utilizing waste heat of a waste incinerator.