JPH07119278A - Mounting material for construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable large-sized tiles to be installed. CONSTITUTION:A fixed hole 2, where a bottom part 2b is diametrally expanded as compared with an opening part 2a, is formed in the backside of a tile 1, while a shaft head 3a fitted with a taper of a shaft member 3 is inserted into this fixed hole 2, and a special form ring 4 machined in a wavy form being insertable into the shaft member 3 from the opening part 2a, and simultaneously a washer 5 being diametrally expanded and deformed more than the opening part 2a at the bottom part 2b in the fixed hole 2 by pressing the special form ring 4 is inserted into the shaft member 3, thereby manufacturing a mounting material provided with the locking shaft member 3 on the backside. Utilizing this locking shaft member 3, the tile 1 is locked to a wall surface, whereby tiling takes place.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a covering material such as a wall surface or ceiling surface of a building or other building or a basement, an underground passage or other structure, and a mounting structure and mounting method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the case where the surface of a structure as described above is tiled, a method for adhering and fixing the back surface of a tile with an adhesive after solidifying a wall surface foundation of a building or the like as a concrete surface, and an adhesive. A method of fixing by using both of the metal fittings for fixing to the wall surface is known.

[0003]

In the pasting of tiles and the like with the above conventional adhesive, since the weight of the tile is large, a strong adhesive is used to prevent peeling and dropping of the tile, and the tile is of a small size only. It had the drawback that it could not be pasted. In addition, the durability of the adhesive deteriorates due to temperature differences, humidity, changes in these, weather resistance deterioration, etc., and tiles etc. are peeled off due to temporary or permanent distortion or cracks on the wall surface. Or there was a risk of falling.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure mounting material of the present invention is as follows. Firstly, the inner diameter of the bottom portion is larger than the inner diameter of the opening on the back surface of the plate-shaped mounting material. A fixing hole 2 of a fixed shape is formed, and a shaft head 3a having a diameter larger than the shaft diameter of the fixing shaft member 3 is inserted into the fixing hole 2. The shaft head 3a by being pressed into the fixing hole 2 with an outer diameter inserted into
Also, a deformed ring 4 that expands and deforms along the inner circumference of the bottom of the fixing hole 2 and a washer 5 that presses and inserts the deformed ring 4 into the bottom of the fixing hole 2 are inserted, and the washer 5 is inserted into the fixing hole 2. This is characterized in that the fixing shaft member 3 is fixedly provided on the back surface of the covering material 1 so as to project therefrom.

The second characteristic is that at least the head 3a side of the shaft member 3 is a threaded portion, and the nut 6 is provided on the back side of the washer 5.
It is the point that is screwed. The third feature is that at least the head 3a side of the shaft member 3 is a threaded portion, and the washer 5 is a nut 6 screwed into the threaded portion. The fourth feature is that the shaft head 3a has a taper that expands toward the tip side, and the deformed ring 4 is formed in a corrugated or sawtooth shape at a height higher than the shaft head 3a.

Further, the mounting method of the structural material is as set forth in claim 1, wherein when the concrete 19 for constructing the wall of the structure is cast, the back surface is inwardly facing the inner surface of the mold 17 on the front surface of the wall. Placing and fixing the exterior material 1 and placing concrete 19,
It is characterized in that the fixing shaft member 3 is embedded in the wall concrete 19 and the mold frame 17 and the covering material 1 are released from the fixed state at the time of demolding so that the covering material 1 is attached to the surface of the wall portion. There is.

[0007]

In the cover material 1 of the present invention, the head 3a portion of the shaft member 3 is inserted into the fixing hole 2 and the shaft member 3
When the odd-shaped ring 4 is inserted into the hole and the odd-shaped ring 4 is inserted into the bottom of the hole 2 by the washer 5, the odd-shaped ring 4 is inserted along the head 3a while being expanded and deformed in the hole, and when the deepest part is reached. Since the deformed ring has a larger diameter than the opening 2a in a state of being pressed against the inner periphery of the fixing hole 2, the shaft member 3 projects in the rear surface of the cover material 1 and at the center position of the fixing hole 2 It is fixed so as not to move in the axial direction and the axial direction.

When the shaft member 3 is used as a bolt and the nut 6 is screwed into the bolt, when the nut 6 is tightened, the deformed ring 4 is pushed through the washer 5 and is expanded and deformed, and the washer 5 itself is a nut. The deformed ring 4 is pushed in and expanded and deformed by screwing the nut. Further, when the shaft head 3a is tapered so as to expand its diameter toward the head end side, the irregular ring 4 is pushed in and expanded in diameter along its tapered surface.

By making the profile ring 4 corrugated at a height higher than that of the shaft head, even if the profile ring 4 is pushed to the deepest part, the pressing surface of the washer 5 presses against it and expands the deformed state and fixes the shaft member 3. Hold.

Further, when the concrete wall portion is formed by concrete pouring, when the surface of the exterior material 1 is temporarily fixed to the surface of the formwork and the concrete 19 is poured, the shaft member 3 is embedded in the concrete 19. In this state, the covering material 1 is firmly fixed to the wall surface.

[0011]

Embodiments The embodiments shown in the drawings will be described in detail below. Figure 1
FIG. 3 shows an embedding shaft for fixation when a ceramic tile is used as a surface material, and a head 3a of a bolt 3 which is a shaft member for fixation is inserted into a fixing hole 2 provided on the back surface 1b of the tile 1.
Deformed ring for embedded fixation 4, washer for push-in 5,
The threaded portion 3b of the bolt 3 is inserted in the order of the nut 6, the nut 6 is screwed in, and the ring 4 is fixed by the washer 5 to the fixing hole 2
The bolt 3 is fixed to the tile 1 by being expanded and deformed inside. Next, the threaded portion of the bolt 3 protruding from the nut 6 is inserted into the mounting hole of the fixing member 7, and the tile 1 is fixed to the fixing member 7 by tightening the nut 8 from the rear side of the fixing member 7. The fixing member 7 is attached and fixed to the beam 9 with bolts 10, and the beam 9 is fixed to the beam 13 which is fixed with bolts to the mounting bracket 12 provided on the wall surface 11 by bolting or the like by welding or bolting. The tile 1 is attached to the wall surface 11 as a whole.

The tile 1 is formed into a square having a length and width of 450 to 500 mm and a thickness of 10 to 17 mm by using a pottery or stone, and each of the tiles 1 has fixing holes 2 at four positions on the back surface 1b. It is provided and the fixing hole 2 is 6mm deep
Therefore, the bottom portion 2b is formed so as to have a larger diameter than the opening portion 2a. The fixing hole 2 is formed, for example, by embedding a combustible material molding material having the same shape as the hole shape at the time of molding before firing the tile and burning and burning the tile, or after the tile molding is dried or fired, the drill and the tip diameter are enlarged. It is possible to cut and perforate with a rotary hard cutter that can be reduced to form it. The head 3a of the bolt 3 is provided in the fixing hole 2.
Is inserted, and the bolt 3 is made of stainless steel and includes a head 3a and a screw portion 3b. The head 3a has an inverted taper shape like a dish head.

The deformed ring 4 for embedding is formed by punching a stainless steel plate into a ring having a small diameter, and pressing the corrugated or sawtooth shape to a height slightly longer than the height of the head 3a. The outer shape is accommodated in the opening 2a of the fixing hole 2 and the inner diameter is formed to be a size to be externally inserted into the bolt 3. The washer 5 is made of a synthetic resin molded product having a large-diameter flange portion 5b and a small-diameter boss portion 5a which is fitted and inserted into the opening of the fixing hole 2, and the head 3a is inserted into the fixing hole 2. The deformed ring 4 and the washer 5 are inserted into the bolt 3, and the boss portion 5a of the washer 5 is pressed into the fixing hole 2.

The pressing and inserting is performed by the nut 6 screwed into the bolt 3. At this time, the insertion end of the deformed ring 4 is pushed by the boss portion 5a so that the tapered head 3a of the bolt 3 is inserted.
The bottom portion 2b of the hole 2 is expanded and expanded along the direction of the diameter.
When the head 3a is fixedly locked in the fixing hole 2, the bolt 3 is projected on the back surface of the tile 1.
The deformation of the deformed ring 4 is a plastic deformation, but since it secures the fixation, there is no problem to leave a certain elasticity.

In the above embodiment, the washer 5 is pressed and inserted by the nut 6, but the washer 5 itself is a nut having the hexagonal head of the flange portion 5b, and the nut 6 is used.
Can be omitted. If the deformed ring 4 can be expanded and deformed in the hole 2 and the fixed state of the shaft member can be maintained, the base end portion of the shaft member does not necessarily need to be a bolt.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a tiling method in which the above-mentioned covering tile 1 is directly attached to a panel 14 such as a gypsum board or plywood. Similar to the method described above, the bolts 3 are fixed to the tile 1, the bolts 3 are inserted into the panel 14, and the bolt holes 15 with steps for accommodating the washers 5 and the nuts 6 are provided.
Are provided according to the number and pitch of the bolts 3, the bolts 3 are inserted into the bolt holes 15, and the surface 14a of the panel 14 is brought into close contact with the nut 6. Then, the back surface 14b of the panel 14
The tile 3 is detachably fixed to the panel 14 by passing the washer 16 through the bolt 3 protruding from the bolt 3 and tightening it with the nut 8 from the back surface thereof, and the tile 1 is supported and the surface of the panel 14 is covered to form a cover surface as a whole. To do. In this case, the film sheet 18 for adhering tiles can be preliminarily adhered to the surface of the panel 14, and the joint treatment can be performed during or after the tiling.

FIG. 5 shows a method of performing tiling at the same time when constructing a concrete wall. In this example, the front side mold 17b of the molds 17a and 17b made of mold plywood or the like.
The front surface 1a of the tile 1 is temporarily adhered to the back surface of the tile 1 with an adhesive or a double-sided tape for temporary fixing, and is temporarily fixed to the mold frame 17b in a removable manner. Then, concrete 19 is poured between the molds 17a and 17b, and after solidification, the molds 17a and 17b are demolded. In the tile 1, the bolt 3 provided on the back surface 1b is embedded and fixed in the concrete 19,
By being fixed to the concrete 19 and covering the side surface of the concrete 19, a cover surface is formed as a whole. In this example, by applying an adhesive having a compatibility with concrete to the back surface of the tile 1, it is possible to prevent the tile from falling when it cracks.

[0018]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. A large-scale tile having an outer diameter of, for example, 450 mm or more, which has not been possible in the past, can be provided by leaving a surface of a surface covering material for a structure such as a tile as it is and projecting a shaft member for mounting and fixing on the back surface. Can be attached as a surface material. As a result, it is more efficient than the attachment of small-sized tiles at a lower cost, and it is possible to attach tiles with a variety of designs using large-sized tiles.

In the above-mentioned fixing shaft member, the deformed ring is accurately positioned and projected by the washer with respect to the fixing hole of the covering material, so that the beam on the mounting side and the wall surface can be easily machined and mounted. There are few joint deviations and joint processing is easy.

When the shaft member is a bolt, the covering material can be detachably attached to the wall surface, and there is an advantage that the covering material can be easily partially repaired, converted, or totally refurbished. In addition to being able to easily change the partial design of the cover, it is possible to reuse the removed cover material. In addition, the number of cracks caused by deformation and drying of the wall surface is less than that of the conventional one, which depends only on the adhesiveness to the wall surface.

In the case where the shaft material is buried by fixing the surface material to the inner surface of the formwork at the time of placing concrete, the surface material is firmly fixed to the concrete, the adhesion to the concrete surface is stable, and the peeling after the construction is completed. The risk of falling due to peeling or peeling is prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a fixing structure of an embedded shaft.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state before fixing the embedded shaft.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a fixed state of the embedded shaft.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a second embodiment of the mounting material attachment structure.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a third embodiment showing the mounting structure for a cover material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Tile (covering material) 2: Fixing hole 3: Bolt (shaft member) 3a: Shaft head 4: Deformed ring (embedded ring) 5: Washer 6: Nut 17: Formwork 19: Concrete

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A fixing hole (2) having a shape in which a bottom inner diameter is enlarged with respect to an inner diameter of an opening is formed on a back surface of a plate-shaped facing material, and a shaft member (3) for fixing is formed in the fixing hole (2). ) The shaft head (3a) having a diameter larger than the shaft diameter is inserted, and the shaft member (3) is press-inserted into the fixing hole (2) with the outer diameter inserted into the fixing hole (2). The shaft head (3
a) and a fixing hole (2) A deformed ring (4) that expands and deforms along the inner circumference of the bottom, and the deformed ring (4) is fixed to the fixing hole (2).
By inserting a washer (5) to be pressed into the bottom and inserting the washer (5) into the fixing hole (2), the fixing shaft member (3) is fixed to the back surface of the facing material (1). Surface covering material for structures that is made to protrude from. 2. At least a head (3) of the shaft member (3)
The structure mounting material according to claim 1, wherein the side (a) is a threaded portion, and the nut (6) is screwed on the back side of the washer (5). 3. At least a head (3) of the shaft member (3)
The structure mounting material according to claim 1, wherein the side (a) is a threaded portion, and the washer (5) is a nut (6) screwed into the threaded portion. 4. The shaft head (3a) has a taper that expands toward the tip side, and the deformed ring (4) is formed in a corrugated or sawtooth shape at a height higher than the shaft head (3a). Alternatively, the surface covering material for a structure according to 2 or 3. 5. The covering material (1) according to claim 1, wherein when the concrete (19) for constructing the wall portion of the structure is cast, the back surface side faces inwardly with respect to the inner surface of the mold (17) on the front surface side of the wall portion. ) Is placed and fixed, concrete (19) is cast, the fixing shaft member (3) is embedded in the wall concrete (19), and the mold (17) and the covering material (1) are used at the time of demolding. A method of mounting the exterior covering material for a structure in which the exterior covering material (1) is attached to the surface of the wall portion by releasing the fixing of and removing from the mold.