JPH08209895A - Wall surface construction work method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent transmission of contraction stress on the backing wall surface side to a large building material. CONSTITUTION: Recessed parts 1 are formed on a backing wall surface W, and metal fittings 3 insertable into the recessed parts 1 are protrusively arranged on the reverse of a large building material 2 such as a tile and stone. In a condition where mortar or an adhesive 6 is filled in the recessed parts 1, the metal fittings 3 are inserted into and installed in the recessed parts 1, and the large building material 2 is fixedly arranged on a surface of the backing wall surface W by hardening of the mortar or the adhesive 6.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall construction method for fixing a large building material on the surface of a base wall.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of directly attaching a tile with mortar to a concrete wall surface or a wall surface obtained by applying a base mortar to a concrete wall by a wet method has been adopted. When it is attached to a wall surface, the wall surface contracts, stress is applied to the tile, and the tile is cracked due to the stress and the tile is broken.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a wall surface construction method which does not cause cracks in tiles and the like.
The main point of the above is to form a recess in the wall surface of the base, and to project a metal fitting having a protrusion that can be inserted into the recess on the back surface of a large building material such as tile or stone, and to provide mortar or adhesive in the recess. That is, the metal fitting is inserted into the concave portion in a state of being filled, and the large building material is fixedly mounted on the surface of the base wall surface by hardening the mortar or the adhesive.

The second gist is that the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are constructed without being adhered.

The third gist is that an elastic sheet is attached between the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material to insulate the stress applied to the large building material from the base wall surface.

The fourth gist is that the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are bonded by an elastic adhesive.

The fifth gist is that the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are weakly bonded.

A sixth gist is to dispose an L metal fitting for supporting the lower end of the large building material on the base wall surface.

The seventh gist is that the metal fitting is provided in a fixed shape on the large building material by providing a recess on the back surface of the large building material and enlarging the diameter of the tip in the recess.

An eighth gist is that the recess on the back surface of the large building material is a dovetail hole, and the dovetail hole is formed wider than the tip end portion of the metal fitting having the increased diameter.

[0011]

In the first aspect of the present invention, a metal fitting projecting from the back surface of a large building material such as a tile or a stone is fixed in the recess on the wall surface side of the base material with mortar or an adhesive to directly mount the large building material wall. A large building material can be fixed on the surface of the base wall surface without sticking, the stress due to contraction from the base wall surface is not transmitted to the large building material, and cracking of the large building material can be favorably prevented. Further, the metal fittings are small, resulting in cost reduction as compared with the conventional construction using rails, and since the metal fittings have plasticity and elasticity, the distortion can be absorbed. Further, since there is a protrusion on the base wall surface side of the metal fitting, it is difficult to come off.

Further, in the second aspect, since a gap or the like is formed between the back surface of the large building material and the base wall surface without being adhered, stress due to contraction deformation of the base wall surface or difference in coefficient of thermal expansion is applied to the large building material. Therefore, damage to large building materials can be effectively prevented.

In the third aspect, since the elastic sheet is attached between the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material, the elastic sheet absorbs the stress from the base wall surface side, and the stress is transmitted to the large building material. Is well prevented.
Further, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material, the elastic sheet supports the large building material and prevents the large building material from being damaged.

Further, in the fourth aspect, since the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are bonded with an elastic adhesive, the stress from the base wall surface side is absorbed and the stress is preferably transmitted to the large building material. To be prevented. Furthermore, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material, the large building material is supported by the elastic adhesive and damage to the large building material is prevented.

Further, in the fifth aspect, since the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are weakly adhered, the stress due to the contraction deformation of the base wall surface and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion is not transmitted to the large building material. Is effectively prevented from being damaged.

Further, in the sixth aspect, by disposing an L metal fitting for supporting a lower end of the large building material on the base wall surface, the L metal fitting supports the lower end of the large building material. Alternatively, the large building material does not shift downward until the adhesive hardens, and the large building material can be fixed at an accurate position.

In the seventh aspect, the metal fitting is
By providing a concave portion on the back surface of the large building material and expanding the diameter of the tip in the concave portion so as to be fixedly provided on the large building material,
The metal fitting does not come off, and the metal fitting can be reliably projected on the back surface of the large building material.

Further, in the eighth aspect, the recess on the back surface of the large building material is a dovetail hole, and since the dovetail hole is formed wider than the tip end portion of the metal fitting having the increased diameter, the metal fitting does not come off. In addition, it is possible to add backlash, and it is possible to cope with a deviation between the position of the metal fitting and the position of the recess on the base wall surface during construction.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing a metal fitting 3 fixed to the back surface of a large building material 2 made of tiles, stones, etc., each side of which has a square shape of 30 cm or more. The recessed portion 2a is formed in the shape of a circle, the expanded diameter hole 2b having a further enlarged diameter is formed on the inner side of the recessed portion 2a, and the tip end enlarged diameter portion 3c of the metal fitting 3 is inserted into the recessed portion 2a from the back surface side. However, the metal fitting 3 is composed of an outer pipe 3b having a tip enlarged diameter portion 3c at the tip and a protrusion 3a protruding outward at the other end, and an inner pipe 3d press-fitted into the outer pipe 3b. As shown in FIG. 2, by inserting the inner pipe 3d into the outer pipe 3b as shown in FIG. 3 in a state where the tip enlarged diameter portion 3c of the metal fitting 3 is inserted into the recess 2a, The tip expanded diameter portion 3c is expanded to the outside by the pipe 3d and is retained in the recessed portion 2a so as not to be disassembled. There is intended to be fixed, if to form a recess 2a at a predetermined position on the back side of a large building materials 2, easily can be attached to shell 3 to protrude on the back of a large building materials 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, a flange projection 3e may be integrally formed on the tip of the outer tube 3b of the metal fitting 3 so as to project outward, and the flange projection 3e and the projection 3a may be formed.
Is fixed in the recessed portion 1 formed on the wall surface side, which will be described later, in a state in which it is prevented from coming off. It should be noted that, in the state of FIG. 3, if the rattling is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 2a and the outer peripheral surface of the tip enlarged diameter portion 3c to the extent that no slip-out occurs, the rattling will be described later as the metal fitting 3 due to this rattling. Even if the position of the wall surface is different from that of the recessed portion 1, the metal fitting 3 can be properly inserted into the recessed portion 1 in a well-matched manner.

Next, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a state in which a large building material using metal fittings 3 having different shapes is fixedly mounted on the wall surface, and is made of concrete, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete), extruded cement board or the like. A concave portion 1 is formed in advance on the wall surface W, and the inner side of the concave portion 1 is an expanded diameter portion 1a having an enlarged diameter. Such a concave portion 1 is blindly formed on the wall surface W later by using a drill. It may be formed in a hole shape, or the concrete formwork may be provided with protrusions in advance, and such a recess 1 may be formed via the protrusions when the wall surface W is formed in the formwork. The recess 1 may have a round hole shape or a groove shape.

On the other hand, a large building material 2 fixed on the surface of the wall surface W
Is composed of tiles with a side of 30 cm or more, and other stone materials, etc., and the back side of the large building material 2 has dovetail holes 2a, 2a (recesses) with the inner diameter expanded in advance at four locations on the four corner sides. The tip side of the metal fitting 3 is inserted into each of the dovetail holes 2a, 2a (recess), and the metal fitting 3 projects outward from the back surface of the large building material 2 in a state where the metal fitting 3 is retained from the dovetail hole 2a (recess). The metal fitting 3 has a flange-like projection 3a formed on the other end thereof.

In this way, about four metal fittings 3, 3 are projected on the back surface of the large building material 2 in advance, and washers 5 are fitted into the respective metal fittings 3, respectively. By filling the mortar or the adhesive 6 in the recess 1 and inserting the metal fittings 3 in the filled mortar or the adhesive 6 from the front side, respectively, to cure the mortar or the adhesive 6. Metal fitting 3 is recessed 1
Since the metal fitting 3 is firmly fixed in the recess 1 while being prevented from being pulled out through the protrusion 3a, the large building material 2 is fixed to the surface of the wall surface W in this state, and the washer 5 The gap S is formed between the wall surface W and the back surface of the large building material 2 by the amount of.

The washer 5 closes the opening of the recess 1 to prevent the adhesive 6 from protruding. A gum tape may be attached to the opening of the recess 1 for the purpose of preventing the protrusion. In particular, when expansion cement is used as the adhesive 6 to be filled in the concave portion 1, the expansion cement does not shrink when cured because the expansion preventing agent is mixed therein. It can be fixed to.

In this example, an L metal fitting 4 capable of supporting the lower end of the large building material 2 is fixedly installed on the surface of the wall surface W in advance. The L metal fitting 4 is the surface of the wall surface W. Consisting of a vertical piece 4a fixed in abutting contact with the horizontal piece 4b and a horizontal piece 4b protruding in the horizontal direction, the large building material 2 is placed on the upper surface of the horizontal piece 4b, and the large building material 2 is held at a predetermined position. Therefore, the large building material 2 is not displaced downward before the mortar or the adhesive 6 is cured, and the large building material 2 can be accurately arranged at a predetermined position. In the figure, 7 is a mortar for joints filled between the large building materials 2 and 2.

Since the metal fitting 3 is fixed via the mortar or the adhesive 6 thus filled in the recess 1 and the large building material 2 is fixed to the predetermined position by being supported by the metal fitting 3, the large building material 2 and the wall surface are fixed. A gap S is formed between W, and this gap S
As a result, even when the wall surface W shrinks and contraction stress occurs on the wall surface W side, the stress is not directly transmitted to the large building material 2, and therefore the large building material 2 is not cracked as in the conventional case. Therefore, the large building material 2 can be maintained in a good state without cracking.

The dovetail hole 2a formed in the large building material 2
If the fitting state between the metal fitting 3 and the metal fitting 3 is set in advance to a relational dimension that causes some rattling, even when contraction stress occurs on the wall surface W side, the metal material 3 and the inner circumference of the dovetail hole 2a are The looseness can more effectively prevent the contraction stress from being transmitted to the large-sized building material 2, and more reliably prevent the large-sized building material 2 from cracking. Even if there is a gap between the position of the metal fitting and the position of the recess on the base wall surface during construction, it is possible to deal with it.

In this example, the wall surface W is inserted through the washer 5.
The case where the gap S is formed between the back surface of the large building material 2 and the large building material 2 has been exemplified, but an elastic sheet may be stuck in the gap S,
In such a case, an elastic sheet may be attached to the wall surface W in advance without using the washer 5, and the large building material 2 can be fixedly mounted on the surface, and the stress from the wall surface W side can be applied via the elastic sheet. Can be blocked, and a structure in which stress is not transmitted to the large building material 2 can be obtained. Furthermore, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material 2, the large building material 2 is supported by the elastic sheet, and damage to the large building material 2 is prevented.

An elastic adhesive may be used in the gap S, and the wall surface W and the back surface of the large building material 2 may be bonded by the elastic adhesive.
The stress from the wall surface W side is absorbed and the stress is effectively prevented from being transmitted to the large building material 2. Furthermore, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material 2, the large building material 2 is supported by the elastic adhesive, and damage to the large building material 2 is prevented.

Further, between the wall surface W and the back surface of the large building material 2,
Weak bonding may be performed with poorly mixed mortar with an extremely small proportion of cement. In weak bonding, stress due to shrinkage deformation of the wall surface W and the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion is not transmitted to the large building material 2, so the large building material 2 is damaged. Is satisfactorily prevented.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the metal fitting 3. The metal fitting 3 having the projection 3a on the tip side is threaded, and the other end of the metal fitting 3 is fitted with a cylinder. Color 1
0 is inserted and the collar 10 has a cylindrical base portion 10a through which the metal fitting pin 3 is inserted, and a plurality of expanded diameters vertically divided by slits 10c, 10c, 10c extending from the base portion 10a. The embedded nut 11 that has the pieces 10b, 10b, 10b and is inserted into the diameter-expanding pieces 10b, 10b of the collar 10 has a conical portion that expands toward the tip side of the shaft 11a. 11b is formed to extend, and a female screw 11c with which the metal fitting 3 is screwed is formed on the inner peripheral side from the shaft portion 11a to the conical portion 11b.

The collar 10 is fitted on the outer periphery of the embedded nut 11, and the metal fitting 3 is inserted into the collar 10 so that the metal fitting 3 is screwed into the female screw 11c of the embedded nut 11. Dovetail 2a formed in large building material 2
When the embedded nut 11 and the collar 10 are inserted into the inside and the metal fitting 3 is pulled outward in this state, the embedded nut 11 is press-fitted into the diameter-increasing piece portion 10b of the collar 10 and thereby the diameter-increasing piece portion. The collar 10 and the embedded nut 11 are fixed in a state where the diameter 10b is expanded to the outside and is retained inside the dovetail hole 2a. By using the metal fitting 3 having such a structure, the dovetail of the large building material 2 can be easily carried out. The metal fitting 3 can be formed so as to project from the hole 2a.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a modified example. In this example, the dovetail holes 2a, 2a are formed in a slanting shape which is inclined downward and the dovetail holes 2a are respectively formed in the dovetail holes 2a. The metal fitting 3 is fixed in an inclined shape, and the concave portion 1 on the wall surface W side is similarly formed.
Is also formed in an inclined shape that inclines downward from the opening side to the rear side. In such a structure, the metal fitting 3 is dropped into the mortar or adhesive 6 filled in the inclined concave portion 1. 3 can be attached, and the recess 1 of the metal fitting 3
It can be stably inserted into the inside, and even if the L metal fitting 4 does not exist, the downward displacement of the large building material 2 is extremely small, and the large building material 2 can be fixed at an accurate position. Become. In addition, the large building material 2 is prevented from slipping out of the plane and falling.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a further modified example. In this example, the concave portion 1 has a straight hole shape, and the expanded diameter portion 1a as shown in FIG. 4 or 5 is omitted. With such a structure, the recess 1 can be easily formed.

[0035]

According to the present invention, in addition to forming a concave portion on a base wall surface, a metal fitting having a protrusion that can be inserted into the concave portion is provided on the back surface of a large building material such as a tile or a stone, and Since the metal fittings are inserted into the recesses with the mortar or adhesive filled in and the large building material is fixed on the surface of the base wall by curing the mortar or adhesive, it A large building material can be fixed on the surface of the base wall without attaching the building material, and the stress due to contraction from the base wall can be prevented from being transmitted to the large building material, and cracking of the large building material can be prevented satisfactorily. . Further, the metal fittings are small, resulting in cost reduction as compared with the conventional construction using rails, and since the metal fittings have plasticity and elasticity, the distortion can be absorbed. Further, since there is a protrusion on the base wall surface side of the metal fitting, it is difficult to come off.

Further, by performing the construction without adhering the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material, a gap or the like is formed between the back surface of the large building material and the base wall surface without adhering, so that the contraction of the base wall surface occurs. Since the stress due to the deformation or the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion is not transmitted to the large building material, the large building material is effectively prevented from being damaged.

Further, since the elastic sheet for insulating the stress applied to the large building material from the base wall surface is pasted between the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material, the elastic sheet absorbs the stress from the base wall surface side. Therefore, it is possible to favorably prevent the stress from being transmitted to the large building material. Further, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material, the elastic sheet supports the large building material and prevents the large building material from being damaged.

Further, since the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are adhered to each other with the elastic adhesive, the elastic adhesive absorbs the stress from the base wall surface side and prevents the stress from being transmitted to the large building material. To be done. Furthermore, when a force is applied to the surface of the large building material, the large building material is supported by the elastic adhesive and damage to the large building material is prevented.

Further, since the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are weakly adhered, stress due to shrinkage deformation of the base wall surface and difference in coefficient of thermal expansion is not transmitted to the large building material, so that damage to the large building material is prevented satisfactorily. To be done.

By disposing an L metal fitting for supporting the lower end of the large building material on the base wall surface, the L metal fitting supports the lower end of the large building material, so that the mortar or the adhesive is hardened in the recess. By this time, the large building material will not be displaced downward, and it will be possible to fix the large building material in an accurate position.

Further, since the metal fitting is provided with a concave portion on the back surface of the large building material, and the tip portion is expanded in the concave portion so as to be fixedly projected to the large building material, the metal fitting does not come off and the large building material The metal fittings can be reliably provided on the back surface of the.

Further, the recess on the back surface of the large building material is a dovetail hole, and the dovetail hole is formed wider than the tip end portion of the expanded metal fitting so that the metal fitting does not come off and has play. Therefore, even if there is a deviation between the position of the metal fitting and the position of the concave portion of the base wall surface during construction, it is possible to cope with it.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a metal fitting fixed in a recess formed on the back surface of a large building material.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a state in which a tip enlarged diameter portion of a metal fitting is inserted into a recess.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a state in which the tip diameter-expanded portion is further fixed in the recess and the metal fitting is fixed to the large building material.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a wall surface structure.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a wall surface structure of a modified example.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a wall surface structure of a modified example.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of constituent members of a metal fitting projecting from the back surface of a large building material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W Wall surface 1 Recess 1a Expanded part 2 Large building material 2a Dovetail 3 Metal fitting 3a Projection 3b Outer tube 3c Tip expanded part 3d Inner tube 3e Collar projection 4 L metal fitting 5 Washer 6 Mortar or adhesive

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A recess is formed on a base wall surface, and a metal fitting having a protrusion that can be inserted into the recess is provided on the back surface of a large building material such as a tile or a stone, and mortar or adhesive is applied to the recess. A wall construction method, characterized in that the metal fitting is inserted into the recess in a state of being filled with the agent, and the large-scale building material is fixedly mounted on the surface of the base wall surface by curing the mortar or the adhesive. 2. The wall surface construction method according to claim 1, wherein construction is performed without adhering the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material. 3. The wall surface construction method according to claim 1, wherein an elastic sheet that insulates a stress applied from the ground wall surface to the large building material is pasted between the ground wall surface and the back surface of the large building material. 4. The wall surface construction method according to claim 1, wherein the base wall surface and the back surface of the large building material are bonded together with an elastic adhesive. 5. The wall construction method according to claim 1, wherein the base wall and the back surface of the large building material are weakly bonded. 6. An L fitting for supporting a lower end of the large building material is arranged on the base wall surface.
The wall surface construction method according to claim 5. 7. The metal fitting is characterized in that a recess is provided on the back surface of a large building material, and a tip portion of the metal fitting is enlarged in diameter in the recess so as to be fixedly projected on the large building material. Item 6. The wall construction method according to Item 6. 8. The wall construction method according to claim 7, wherein the recess on the back surface of the large building material is a dovetail hole, and the dovetail hole is formed wider than the tip end portion of the metal fitting having the increased diameter. .