JPH07118670A - Diesel fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a diesel fuel composition containing gas oil and low temperature fluidity improver, cetane number improver, etc., in a prescribed amount, prevented in stain of fuel oil injecting injector, etc., and excellent in low- temperature starting property, abrasion preventing property and rustproof properties. CONSTITUTION:This objective diesel fuel composition contains (A) gas oil, (B) 100-600ppm of a low-temperature fluidity improver such as alkenylsuccinic acid amide, (C) 100-1000ppm of a cetane number improver such as 2- chloethylnitrate, (D) 450-2000ppm of a cleaning agent such as an imide-based compound and (E) 2-100ppm of a rustproof agent such as aluminum stearate and further preferably (F) 3-20ppm of a defoamant such as polydimethylsiloxane.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diesel fuel composition having good low temperature startability and capable of maintaining high engine output for a long time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the fuel cost is lower than that of a gasoline vehicle, so that the diffusion rate of diesel vehicles is rapidly increasing. Diesel fuel is used in diesel engines, but has a different combustion scheme than Otto-cycle engines in which gasoline fuel is used. Therefore, the mixture of diesel fuel is not uniform in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine, and the combustion process is different, mainly due to diffusion combustion and a long ignition delay period, which leads to engine startability, exhaust gas, and fuel injection nozzles. It has various problems compared to gasoline fuel in terms of dirt, noise and the like. Conventionally, a low temperature fluidity improver has been added in an amount of 80 to 6 for the purpose of simultaneously improving the startability of a diesel vehicle or a diesel engine, noise after start-up, exhaust gas and warm-up property, and preventing contamination of a fuel injection nozzle.
00ppm, cetane number improver 200-1000ppm
And a diesel fuel composition in which a detergent is simultaneously used in an amount of 40 to 400 ppm have been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-1362).
No. 82).

However, since the fuel injection injector of a diesel engine equipped with a distribution type fuel injection pump having a secondary combustion chamber is heavily soiled, this diesel fuel composition cannot provide the soiling prevention effect, resulting in noise, vibration and exhaust. There is a problem that engine performance such as gas cannot be improved. On the other hand, to prevent exhaust gas pollution, 199
It is planned to reduce the sulfur content of diesel oil from 0.5% to 0.2% from 2 years, and to 0.05% from 1997. If the sulfur content is reduced in this way, the effect of preventing wear by the sulfur content, which is a natural anti-wear agent, is reduced, and the wear of the sliding parts of the distributed fuel injection pump or direct injection at a high pressure of 500 kg / cm ² or more is performed. There is a case where the injector is worn out. However, the above-mentioned conventional diesel fuel composition cannot solve this problem. Furthermore, since the above-mentioned conventional diesel fuel composition contains a low temperature fluidity improver, it controls the crystal growth of the wax and can be applied to a filter in the fuel system of a gasoline station or a diesel engine vehicle in the middle of the fuel system. It is effective to prevent the clogging of oil, but the viscosity of diesel oil increases in winter,
There is a problem in that refueling is reduced due to foaming.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above situation of the prior art, and even when used in a diesel engine equipped with a distributed fuel injection pump having a secondary combustion chamber, a fuel injection injector. It has excellent antifouling effect, low engine start time, low white smoke, low engine noise and other engine performance such as high engine output maintenance, and excellent wear resistance. An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel fuel composition having good rust properties and capable of saving the maintenance cost of the engine system. A further object of the present invention is to provide a diesel fuel composition having the above-mentioned performance and also excellent refueling property.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have added a large amount of a specific amount of detergent, which has been considered to be unfavorable to add a large amount to light oil. And, if a low temperature fluidity improver and a cetane number improver are added in a specific amount, and further a rust preventive is added in a specific amount, it is excellent in the effect of preventing the fuel injection injector from getting dirty, low temperature startability, and rust preventive properties. In addition to being good and saving the maintenance cost of the engine system, in particular, it is possible to exert the effect of excellent high power maintenance of the engine and excellent wear prevention that can not be predicted from the conventionally known technology. It was found, and by adding a specific amount of defoaming agent, not only the defoaming effect but also the effect of the low temperature fluidity improver is significantly enhanced.
Finding that refueling time can be shortened even in the severe cold of winter,
The present invention has been completed based on these findings.

That is, according to the present invention, 100 to 600 ppm (weight / volume) of a low temperature fluidity improver and 100 to 1000 ppm (weight / volume) of a cetane number improver are added to light oil.
The present invention provides a diesel fuel composition comprising 450 to 2000 ppm (weight / volume) of a detergent and 2 to 100 ppm (weight / volume) of an anticorrosive agent. Further, the present invention relates to light oil, a low temperature fluidity improver of 100 to 600 ppm (weight / volume), a cetane number improver of 100 to 1000 ppm (weight / volume), and a detergent of 4 parts.
50-2000ppm (weight / volume), anti-rust agent 2-1
00ppm (weight / volume) and antifoaming agent 3 to 20ppm
The present invention provides a diesel fuel composition containing (weight / volume). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The light oil used in the present invention has an initial boiling point of 13
It has a distillation property of 0 ° C. or higher, 90% point is 390 ° C. or lower, and end point is 400 ° C. or lower. So-called special No. 1, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, special No. 3 diesel oil called JIS K 2204. Is. Of these gas oils, preferred are No. 2 and 3
No. 3 special light oil. As the low temperature fluidity improver used in the present invention, various low temperature fluidity improvers can be used, and for example, copolymer polymers such as alkenyl succinamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer and the like. Polymers such as chlorinated polyethylene, polyalkyl acrylate, and the like, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are preferable. These fluidity improvers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the cetane number improver used in the present invention, various cetane number improvers can be used, for example, 2-chloroethyl nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, isopropyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, and first amyl. Nitrate, second amyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, first hexyl nitrate, second hexyl nitrate, n-heptyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate,
Various nitrates such as cyclohexyl nitrate and ethylene glycol dinitrate are preferred, and alkyl nitrates having 6 or 8 carbon atoms are particularly preferred. These cetane number improvers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The detergent used in the present invention is a detergent for preventing stains on the fuel injection nozzle, and its main components are, for example, imide compounds; polybutenyl succinic anhydride and ethylene polyamines. Alkenyl succinimides such as polybutenyl succinimide; succinates such as polybutenyl succinate synthesized from polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol and polybutenyl succinic anhydride; dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, Polyethylene glycol methacrylate,
Ashless detergents such as copolymers such as copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and alkyl methacrylate are preferred, and alkenyl succinimide is particularly preferred. These detergents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the rust preventive agent used in the present invention, various rust preventive agents can be used. For example, carboxylic acid such as monocarboxylic acid such as stearic acid, dicarboxylic acid such as alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid; fatty acid, naphthenic acid. , Abietic acid, lanolin fatty acid, alkenylsuccinic acid, alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids such as amino acid derivatives, various metal element salts of aluminum, zinc, lead and the like, carboxylates such as amine salts; petroleum sulfonic acid, dinonyl Sulfonic acid salts such as alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and amine salts of sulfonic acids such as naphthalene sulfonic acid and heavy alkylbenzene sulfonic acid; polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol, pentaerythritol, sucrose, glycerin and oleic acid, Calcium such as partial ester with carboxylic acid such as lauric acid Acid esters; alcohols such as higher aliphatic alcohols; amines such as cyclohexylamine, morpholine, alkoxyphenylamine, diethanolamine derivatives, aminoalcohols, ethylene oxide adducts of rosinamine; polar groups such as phosphoric acid as main or subpolar groups Examples thereof include oil-soluble surfactants. Among these rust preventives, those having an ashless type amino group are preferable. These rust preventives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the defoaming agent used in the present invention, various defoaming agents can be used. Examples thereof include polydimethylsiloxane, a copolymer of dimethylsiloxane and trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane, and a copolymer of dimethylsiloxane and oxyethylene. A silicone polymer such as a polymer is preferable, and a copolymer of dimethylsiloxane and oxyethylene is particularly preferable. These defoamers have 1
They may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The compounding amounts of the above various additives in the present invention are as follows. The compounding amount of the low temperature fluidity improver is 1
00-600 ppm (weight / volume), preferably 200
-600 ppm (weight / volume). If the compounding amount of the low temperature fluidity improver is less than 100 ppm, its effect is not exhibited, and if it exceeds 600 ppm, precipitation of the additive itself and economical efficiency are deteriorated. The compounding amount of the cetane number improver is 1
0 to 1000 ppm (weight / volume), preferably 30
0 to 900 ppm (weight / volume). If the compounding amount of the cetane number improver is less than 100 ppm, the effect of improving the cetane number is not exhibited, and if it exceeds 1000 ppm, 10% of residual carbon increases and deviates from the JIS standard.

The amount of detergent added is 450 to 2000 pp.
m (weight / volume), preferably 500 to 1500 ppm
(Weight / volume). 450ppm of detergent
If it is less than 2000, the nozzle cleaning effect of the injector will not be exhibited, and if it exceeds 2000 ppm, the detergent itself will cause coking and the economy will be deteriorated. The amount of the rust preventive compounded is 2 to 100 ppm (weight / volume), preferably 5 to
It is 35 ppm (weight / volume). The amount of rust preventive compounded is 2
If it is less than ppm, the effect of the rust preventive agent becomes poor and 100 p
When it exceeds pm, the effect reaches the saturation point and the economical efficiency is deteriorated. The content of the defoaming agent is 3 to 20 ppm (weight / volume), preferably 5 to 10 ppm (weight / volume). If the content of the defoaming agent is less than 3 ppm, the effect will not be exhibited, and if it exceeds 20 ppm, the lubricity will be adversely affected.

The diesel fuel composition of the present invention has a sulfur content of 0.05% or less, especially when the sulfur content in the fuel is 0.2% or less.
Even in the case of not more than%, there is a feature that the excellent effect of the present invention can be exhibited.

The diesel fuel composition of the present invention can be produced by blending light oil with the above-mentioned various additives. The method of mixing various additives and the method of adding various additives are not particularly limited and can be performed by various methods, and the mixing order and the addition order can also be performed in various mixing orders and addition orders. .

[0016]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of Examples and Comparative Examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples. Moreover, the evaluation tests of Examples and Comparative Examples were performed by the following methods.

Purification performance The injector caulking test was carried out using a sub-combustion chamber (vortex type) diesel engine in which the nozzle injection pressure is low and the injector is easily contaminated. After the test, the air flow rate is measured for each needle valve lift amount of the injector, and the air flow rate is integrated for a certain width of the needle valve lift amount. The ratio of the air flow rate to the integrated value obtained in the same manner for a new injector is rated No. Expressed as Abrasion prevention performance A durability test was conducted using a sub-combustion chamber (vortex flow) type diesel engine with low nozzle injection pressure and where the injector is easily contaminated. The test condition is on the chassis dynamo.
The vehicle traveled at a gradient of 3% and a speed of 70 km / hour.

Example 1 Initial boiling point was 145 ° C., 90% point was 340 ° C., and end point was 360.
300ppm (weight / volume) of low-temperature fluidity improver of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer to light oil having a distillation property of ℃ and sulfur content of 0.20%, and improvement of cetane number of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate Agent 500ppm (weight / volume), alkenyl succinimide detergent 600pp
m (weight / volume) and ashless amine type rust preventive
ppm (weight / volume) was added and mixed to prepare a diesel fuel composition.

Comparative Example 1 A diesel fuel composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the detergent was 300 ppm (weight / volume) and no rust preventive agent was added. The cleaning performance of the diesel fuel compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0020]

[Table 1]

Example 2 Initial boiling point was 150 ° C., 90% point was 345 ° C., and end point was 360.
300ppm (weight / volume) of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer low-temperature fluidity improver for distillate having a distillation property of ℃ and sulfur content of 0.05%, and improvement of cetane number of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate 500 ppm (weight / volume) of the agent, 60 alkenyl succinimide type detergent
A diesel fuel composition was prepared by adding 0 ppm (weight / volume) and 30 ppm (weight / volume) of an ashless amine type antirust agent and mixing them.

Comparative Example 2 A diesel fuel composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the rust preventive agent was not added. Antiwear performance was measured for the diesel fuel compositions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0023]

[Table 2]

Example 3 Initial boiling point was 160 ° C., 90% point was 335 ° C., and end point was 365.
C. Distillation property at ℃, sulfur content of 0.15%, light oil of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 200ppm (weight / volume), to improve the cetane number of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate 500 ppm (weight / volume) of agent, 40 alkenyl succinimide type detergent
0 ppm (weight / volume), 5 ppm (weight / volume) of an ashless amino type rust preventive agent and 10 ppm (weight / volume) of an antifoaming agent of a copolymer of dimethylsiloxane and oxyethylene were added and mixed. To prepare a diesel fuel composition.

Reference Example 1 A diesel fuel composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the defoaming agent was not added. The CFPP value, which is an index of low temperature fluidity, was measured for the diesel fuel compositions of Example 3 and Reference Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0026]

[Table 3]

The diesel fuel composition of Example 3 had a CFPP value of -5, which was more than the effect of adding the low temperature fluidity improver.
C. decreased, and low temperature fluidity was improved. As a result, light oil could be rapidly supplied even at lower temperatures.

[0028]

According to the present invention, even when used in a diesel engine equipped with a distribution type fuel injection pump having a secondary combustion chamber, it is excellent in the effect of preventing stains on the fuel injection injector and the like, shortening the starting time and reducing white smoke. It has excellent engine performance such as low temperature startability such as reduction of engine noise and high output maintenance of the engine, excellent wear resistance, and good rust prevention, which can save maintenance cost of the engine system. Moreover, when a defoaming agent is added in a predetermined amount, a diesel fuel composition excellent in oil replenishment property can be provided.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Sadao Hasegawa 1134-2, Gongendo, Satte City, Saitama Prefecture Inside the Research and Development Center, Cosmo Research Institute, Inc. (72) Fumio Fukui, 1134-2, Gongendo, Satte City, Saitama Prefecture Cosmo Research Institute Co., Ltd. R & D Center (72) Inventor Hiroshi Kimura 1134-2, Gongendo, Satte City, Saitama Prefecture Cosmo Research Co., Ltd. R & D Center (72) Inventor Yasuo Iwamiya Gongen, Saitama Prefecture Do 1134-2, Research & Development Center, Cosmo Research Institute

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A low temperature fluidity improver of 100 to 100% light oil.
600ppm (weight / volume), 100% cetane number improver
~ 1000ppm (weight / volume), cleaning agent 450-2
000ppm (weight / volume) and rust preventive agent 2-100p
Diesel fuel composition characterized by containing pm (weight / volume) 2. A low-temperature fluidity improver is added to light oil in an amount of 100 to 100%.
600ppm (weight / volume), 100% cetane number improver
~ 1000ppm (weight / volume), cleaning agent 450-2
000 ppm (weight / volume), 2-100 pp rust inhibitor
m (weight / volume) and antifoaming agent 3 to 20 ppm (weight / volume)
Volume) Diesel fuel composition characterized by containing