JP3717749B2 - Light oil composition - Google Patents

Description

【００３６】
（式中、Ａは、ｎ−ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基またはｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基を表し、Ｒ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、及びＲ⁴は、各々独立に水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基を表し、但し、Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁴の合計炭素数は２であり、Ｒ⁵は、炭素数１〜３６のアルキレン基を表し、そしてｍは、１〜１００の整数を表す。）
【００３７】
【化２】

【００３８】
（式中、Ａは、ｎ−ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基またはｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基を表し、Ｒ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、及びＲ⁴は、各々独立に水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基を表し、但し、Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁴の合計炭素数は２であり、Ｒ⁵は、炭素数１〜３６のアルキレン基を表し、そしてｍは、１〜１００の整数を表し、ｎは、１〜１０の整数を表す。）
【００３９】
【化３】

【００４０】
（式中、Ａは、ｎ−ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基またはｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基を表し、Ｒ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、及びＲ⁴は、各々独立に水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基を表し、但し、Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁴の合計炭素数は２であり、Ｒ⁵は、炭素数１〜３６のアルキレン基を表し、ｍは、１〜１００の整数を表し、そしてｎは、１〜１０の整数を表す。）
【００４１】
【化４】

【００４２】
（式中、Ａは、ｎ−ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基またはｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基を表し、Ｒ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、及びＲ⁴は、各々独立に水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基を表し、但し、Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁴の合計炭素数は２であり、Ｒ⁵は、炭素数１〜３６のアルキレン基を表し、ｍは、１〜１００の整数を表し、そしてｎは、１〜１０整数を表す。）
【００４３】
上記一般式（１）〜（４）で表されるアルケニルコハク酸誘導体について詳述する。
Ａは、ｎ−ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基またはｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基を示す。より優れた清浄性が得られることから、ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基であることが好ましい。
Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁴は、それぞれ水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基を示す。そして、このＲ¹〜Ｒ⁴の合計炭素数は２である。
本発明においては、より優れた清浄性が得られることから、Ｒ¹およびＲ³が共に水素原子であり、かつＲ²およびＲ⁴が共にメチル基である場合、またはＲ¹およびＲ³が共にメチル基であり、かつＲ²およびＲ⁴が共に水素原子である場合が好ましい。
【００４４】
Ｒ⁵は、炭素数１〜３６のアルキレン基を表す。Ｒ⁵は、好ましくは炭素数１〜１８のアルキレン基、より好ましくは炭素数１〜６のアルキレン基、特に好ましくは炭素数１〜４のアルキレン基を表す。炭素数１〜４のアルキレン基としては、具体的には例えば、メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基（１−メチルエチレン基、２−メチルエチレン基）、トリメチレン基、ブチレン基（１−エチルエチレン基、２−エチルエチレン基）、１，２−ジメチルエチレン基、２，２−ジメチルエチレン基、１−メチルトリメチレン基、２−メチルトリメチレン基、３−メチルトリメチレン基、テトラメチレン基などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、Ｒ⁵は、メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基（１−メチルエチレン基、２−メチルエチレン基）またはトリメチレン基である場合が最も好ましい。
【００４５】
一般式（１）〜（４）におけるｍは１〜１００の整数を示す。ｍは軽油組成物への分散性保持、清浄性保持の点から、５以上が好ましく、１０以上がより好ましい。また、粘度上昇によるバルブスティックや熱分解性悪化による燃焼室デポジットへの影響の点から、５０以下が好ましく、４０以下がより好ましい。
ｎは、１〜１０の整数を表す。ｎは、好ましくは１〜５、より好ましくは１〜３の整数である。
【００４６】
なお、下記式（５）で表される基は、下記式（６）で表される基を構成単位とする、一般式（１）〜（４）で表されるアルケニルコハク酸誘導体の重合骨格を示すものである。
【００４７】
【化５】

【００４８】
（上記式（５）および（６）におけるＲ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、Ｒ⁴およびｍは、一般式（１）〜（４）におけるＲ¹、Ｒ²、Ｒ³、Ｒ⁴およびｍと同一の基、整数を示す。）
【００４９】
上記式（１）〜（４）および（５）において、上記式（６）で表されるｍ個の基は同一分子中で同じでも異なっていてもよい。つまり、上記式（１）〜（４）で表される化合物および上記式（５）で表される基は、単独重合体であっても、共重合体であっても良い。共重合体は、ランダム共重合体、交互重合体、あるいはブロック共重合体のいずれであっても良い。
【００５０】
また、アルケニルコハク酸誘導体の数平均分子量については何ら制限はないが、軽油組成物中への分散性保持、清浄性保持の点から、その数平均分子量は５００以上であることが好ましく、１０００以上であることがより好ましく、１５００以上であることがさらにより好ましく、２０００以上であることが最も好ましい。また、粘度上昇によるバルブスティックや熱分解性悪化による燃焼室デポジットへの影響の点から、その数平均分子量は６０００以下であることが好ましく、５０００以下であることがより好ましい。
【００５１】
アルケニルコハク酸誘導体としては、一般式（１）〜（４）で表される化合物から選ばれる１種のみの化合物を単独で用いてもよく、２種以上の化合物を混合して用いてもよい。
２種以上を用いる場合には、一般式（２）で表される化合物と一般式（３）で表される化合物の混合物であることが好ましい。その際の混合比（質量比）は、（２）：（３）＝１：９９〜９９：１であることが好ましく、１０：９０〜９０：１０であることがより好ましく、２０：８０〜８０：２０であることがさらにより好ましく、３０：７０〜７０：３０であることが最も好ましい。
【００５２】
アルケニルコハク酸誘導体の好ましい具体例を以下に挙げる。
【００５３】
【化６】
下記式で表される化合物１（数平均分子量：２０００〜３０００）

（Ａ：ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、Ｒ¹、Ｒ³：水素原子、Ｒ²、Ｒ⁴：メチル基、Ｒ⁵：トリメチレン基）
【００５４】
【化７】
下記式で表される化合物２（数平均分子量：２０００〜３０００）

（Ａ：ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、Ｒ¹、Ｒ³：水素原子、Ｒ²、Ｒ⁴：メチル基、Ｒ⁵：エチレン基、ｎ：１〜３）
【００５５】
【化８】
下記式で表される化合物３（数平均分子量：４０００〜６０００）

（Ａ：ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、Ｒ¹、Ｒ³：水素原子、Ｒ²、Ｒ⁴：メチル基、Ｒ⁵：エチレン基、ｎ：１〜３）
【００５６】
【化９】
下記式で表される化合物４（数平均分子量：２０００〜３０００）

（Ａ：ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、Ｒ¹、Ｒ³：水素原子、Ｒ²、Ｒ⁴：メチル基、Ｒ⁵：エチレン基、ｎ：１〜３）
【００５７】
次に、カルボン酸のアミン塩について詳述する。
カルボン酸は、炭素数が５〜５０のものであることが好ましく、更に好ましくは炭素数７〜３０のもの、特に好ましくは炭素数９〜２０のものである。カルボン酸は、モノカルボン酸、あるいは多価カルボン酸のいずれであっても良いが、モノカルボン酸であることが好ましい。またカルボン酸は、脂肪酸、脂環族カルボン酸、芳香族カルボン酸のいずれであっても良いが、脂肪酸であることが好ましい。脂肪酸としては、直鎖のものでも分岐鎖のものでも良く、飽和でも不飽和でも良い。
【００５８】
炭素数９〜２０の脂肪酸としては、具体的には例えば、以下のものを挙げることができる。直鎖または分岐鎖のノナン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のウンデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のドデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のトリデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のテトラデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のペンタデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘキサデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘプタデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクタデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のノナデカン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のイコサン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のノネン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のウンデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のドデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のトリデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のテトラデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のペンタデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘキサデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘプタデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクタデセン酸（オレイン酸を含む）、直鎖または分岐鎖のノナデセン酸、直鎖または分岐鎖のイコセン酸等。また、リノール酸等の水酸基を含有する脂肪酸も含まれる。上記のカルボン酸は、１種のカルボン酸を単独で用いても良く、２種以上のカルボン酸を組み合わせて用いても良い。
【００５９】
アミンは炭素数１〜３０のものであることが好ましい。更に好ましくは炭素数５〜２０ものであり、特に好ましくは炭素数８〜１８のものである。アミンとしては、例えば、モノアミン、ポリアミン、アルカノールアミン等が挙げられるが、モノアミンであることが好ましい。
モノアミンとしては、一つの炭化水素基を有するモノ置換アミン、二つの炭化水素基を有するジ置換アミン、三つの炭化水素基を有するトリ置換アミン等が挙げられるが、モノ置換アミンであることが好ましい。
【００６０】
モノ置換アミンとしては、例えば、アルキルアミン、アルケニルアミン、芳香族置換アルキルアミン、シクロアルキルアミン、及びアルキルシクロアルキルアミン等が挙げれられる。アルキルアミン及びアルケニルアミンであることが好ましい。
炭素数８〜１８のアルキルアミンとしては、例えば、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクチルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のノニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のウンデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のドデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のトリデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のテトラデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のペンタデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘキサデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘプタデシルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクタデシルアミン等が挙げられる。
【００６１】
炭素数８〜１８のアルケニルアミンとしては、例えば、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクテニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のノネニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のウンデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のドデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のトリデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のテトラデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のペンタデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘキサデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のヘプタデセニルアミン、直鎖または分岐鎖のオクタデセニルアミン（オレイルアミンを含む）等が挙げられる。
上記アミンは、１種のアミンを単独で用いても良く、２種以上のアミンの混合物を用いても良い。
【００６２】
カルボン酸のアミン塩の好ましい具体例としては、オレイン酸を主成分とする炭素数１３〜２０の混合脂肪酸と炭素数８〜１６のアルキル基を有するモノ置換アミン及び炭素数８〜１６のアルケニル基を有するモノ置換アミンの混合物との塩を挙げることができる。
【００６３】
清浄剤の配合量にも特別な制限はない。しかし、清浄剤を配合した効果、具体的には、燃料噴射ノズルの閉塞抑制効果を引き出すためには、清浄剤の配合量を軽油組成物全量基準で２０質量ｐｐｍ以上とすることが好ましく、６０質量ｐｐｍ以上とすることがより好ましく、８０質量ｐｐｍ以上とすることが特に好ましい。２０質量ｐｐｍに満たない量を添加しても効果が現れない可能性がある。一方、配合量が多すぎても、それに見合う効果が期待できず、逆にディーゼルエンジン排出ガス中のＮＯｘ、ＰＭ、アルデヒド等の各濃度を増加させる恐れがあることから、清浄剤の配合量は３００質量ｐｐｍ以下であることが好ましく、更に好ましくは２５０質量ｐｐｍ以下であり、特に好ましくは２００質量ｐｐｍ以下であり、最も好ましくは、１８０質量ｐｐｍ以下である。
【００６４】
なお、先のセタン価向上剤の場合と同様、潤滑性向上剤または清浄剤と称して市販されている商品は、それぞれ潤滑性向上または清浄に寄与する有効成分が適当な溶剤で希釈された状態で入手されるのが通例である。こうした市販品を本発明の軽油組成物に配合した場合にあっては、潤滑性向上剤および清浄剤に関して上述した配合量は、有効成分としての配合量を意味する。
【００６５】
本発明の軽油組成物には、その性能をさらに高める目的でその他の公知の燃料油添加剤を単独でまたは数種類組み合わせて添加することもできる。これらの添加剤としては、例えば、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、アルケニルコハク酸アミドなどの低温流動性向上剤；フェノール系、アミン系などの酸化防止剤；サリチリデン誘導体などの金属不活性化剤；ポリグリコールエーテルなどの氷結防止剤；脂肪族アミン、アルケニルコハク酸エステルなどの腐食防止剤；アニオン系、カチオン系、両性系界面活性剤などの帯電防止剤；アゾ染料などの着色剤；シリコン系などの消泡剤などを挙げることができる。
これらの添加剤の添加量は任意に決めることができるが、添加剤個々の添加量は、軽油組成物全量基準で通常０．５質量％以下であり、好ましくは０．２質量％以下である。
【００６６】
本発明の軽油組成物は公知の方法を利用して製造することができる。典型的には、ベース軽油に、必要に応じてセタン価向上剤、潤滑油向上剤、清浄剤、その他の添加剤を所定量配合して製造される。
ベース軽油としては、例えば、原油の常圧蒸留装置から得られる直留軽油；常圧蒸留装置から得られる直留重質油や残査油を減圧蒸留装置にかけて得られる減圧軽油；減圧蒸留装置から得られる減圧軽油を水素化精製して得られる水素化精製軽油；直留軽油を通常の水素化精製より苛酷な条件で一段階または多段階で水素化脱硫して得られる水素化脱硫軽油；脱硫または未脱硫の減圧軽油、減圧重質軽油あるいは脱硫重油を接触分解して得られる接触分解軽油；原油の常圧蒸留により得られる直留灯油；直留灯油を水素化精製して得られる水素化精製灯油；原油の常圧蒸留によって得られる軽油留分を分解して得られる分解灯油などの1種もしくは２種以上が使用可能である。
ベース軽油の硫黄分含有量が３００質量ｐｐｍを越えている場合には、セタン価向上剤などの配合に先立って、水素化精製などの適当な手段で硫黄分含有量を所定の値以下に低減させる脱硫処理がベース軽油には施される。
【００６７】
【実施例】
以下に実施例および比較例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって何ら限定されるものではない。
【００６８】
実施例、比較例で使用した軽油組成物の組成・性状を表１に示す。また、実施例２〜５の軽油組成物は、実施例１の軽油組成物に二環芳香族化合物及び三環芳香族化合物を添加して調製した。なお、添加剤は以下のものを使用した。

【００６９】
表１に示す各軽油組成物を用いて、（１）エンジン試験１、（２）エンジン試験２、（３）潤滑性試験及び（４）ノズル清浄性試験を行った。試験結果を表１に示す。
（１）エンジン試験１
下記エンジンを用いて、実走行を模擬した３つの条件により排出ガス中のＰＭ、炭化水素（ＨＣ）及びＮＯｘを測定した。ＰＭは、堀場製作所製のミニダイリュウショントンネルを用いて、フィルター上に捕集し、ＰＭの重量を測定した。ＨＣ、ＮＯｘは排気管より直接サンプリングして測定した。
（エンジン諸元）
エンジン種類：自然吸気式直列６気筒ディーゼル
排気量 ：７．１Ｌ
内径×行程 ：１１０ｍｍ×１２５ｍｍ
圧縮比 ：１７．５
最高出力 ：２６０ｐｓ／２７００ｒｐｍ
最高トルク ：７７ｋｇｆ（７５４．６Ｎ）／２７００ｒｐｍ
（条件）
条件１：ＴＲＩＡＳ ２４−５−１９９３
条件２：低速走行を模擬したモード
条件３：高速走行を模擬したモード
【００７０】
（２）エンジン試験２
下記エンジンの排気管をＤＰＦ装置に導き、ＤＰＦ装置から排出される排出ガス中のＰＭ、炭化水素（ＨＣ）及びＮＯｘを、ＴＲＩＡＳ ２４−５−１９９３の条件により測定した。ＰＭは、堀場製作所製のミニダイリュウショントンネルを用いて、フィルター上に捕集し、ＰＭの重量を測定した。ＨＣ及びＮＯｘはＤＰＦの排気管より直接サンプリングして測定した。
（エンジン諸元）
エンジン種類：自然吸気式直列４気筒ディーゼル
排気量 ：４．９８５Ｌ
内径×行程 ：１１５ｍｍ×１２５ｍｍ
圧縮比 ：１９．５
最高出力 ：１５０ｐｓ／３１００ｒｐｍ
最高トルク ：３７ｋｇｆ（３６２．６Ｎ）／１６００ｒｐｍ
【００７１】
（３）潤滑性試験
以下の条件でＨＦＲＲ試験を行い、試験後の試験球についた円状の傷の振動方向の直径と振動方向に垂直な方向の直径を測定し、その平均値を摩耗痕直径（ＷＳＤ）とした。
試験球
材質 ：ＡＮＳＩ ５２１００
硬度 ：６４５ＨＶ３０
表面粗さ：０．１μｍＲａ以下
直径 ：６．２５ｎｍ、
試験板
材質 ：ＡＮＳＩ ５２１００
硬度 ：１８０ＨＶ３０
表面粗さ：０．１μｍＲａ以下
荷重 ：２Ｎ
試験温度 ：６０℃
ストローク：１．０ｍｍ
振動数 ：５０Ｈｚ
時間 ：７５分
【００７２】
（４）ノズル清浄性試験
排気量２Ｌの４気筒エンジンを使用し、回転１８４０ｒｐｍ、トルク３６．４Ｎｍの条件において４８時間連続運転を行い、試験後のノズルの残存流量割合を測定した。ノズルの残存流量割合とは試験前の新品ノズルの流量に対して試験後のノズル流量の割合を示したものである。
なお、ノズル流量は針弁リフト０．１ｍｍ時で測定した。本試験において、ノズル残存流量割合の値が大きい程、清浄性に優れていることを表す。
【００７３】
【表１】

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas oil composition having a low sulfur content, and more particularly to a gas oil composition capable of greatly reducing the amount of particulates in diesel exhaust gas over the entire engine load range. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As components contained in diesel exhaust gas, nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NOx) and particulate matter (hereinafter referred to as PM) are regarded as problems.
NOx is a substance that is produced mainly by the reaction of nitrogen in the air with oxygen in the engine.₂Etc. are included. PM is fine particles in exhaust gas, and is obtained by discharging soot (soot) by combustion and high-boiling high-molecular unburned components contained in fuel or lubricating oil. These substances cause air pollution and acid rain, and urgent reduction measures are required. Recently, aldehydes including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are also attracting attention because of their adverse effects on human health and odor.
[0003]
Since October 1997, diesel oil used as fuel for diesel engines has its sulfur content on the premise that after-treatment devices such as SOF catalysts (organic solvent soluble oxidation catalysts) and NOx reduction catalysts are installed in automobiles. The content is lowered to 500 mass ppm or less. However, these post-processing devices have problems such as low efficiency and durability, and there are very few devices in practical use.
Currently, vehicles with the latest emission reduction measures are being introduced to the market, but since it takes a lot of time to replace existing vehicles, the fundamental solution has not been achieved.
In addition, more stringent exhaust gas regulations will be introduced after 2003.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this way, strict emission regulations from 2003 onwards will be implemented, and it will take a lot of time for vehicles with the latest emission reduction technology to become popular in the market. For the reduction, it is considered that improving the quality of the fuel has a high immediate effect and is very effective. As fuel, there is a demand for fuel that is effective not only for existing diesel vehicles but also for vehicles for which exhaust gas countermeasures such as DPF are advanced.
There are several possible ways to improve the fuel to reduce exhaust emissions. However, fuels containing oxygenated compounds may have adverse effects on engine parts, etc., and many problems must be solved for full-scale use. Don't be.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a light oil composition capable of significantly reducing particulate emissions contained in diesel exhaust gas over the entire load range of the engine. In particular, it is also to provide a light oil composition effective for reducing exhaust gas (particularly, reducing PM concentration) even for a DPF-equipped vehicle.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention has a cetane index of 45 or more,The initial boiling point is 135 to 180 ° C, the 10% by volume distillation temperature is 155 to 210 ° C,30 vol% distillation temperature is 175-250 ° C, 70 vol% distillation temperature is 220-300 ° C, 90 vol% distillation temperature is 325 ° C or less, distillation end point is 355 ° C or less, and saturated content is 60-95. Volume%, olefin content 0-5 volume%, sulfur content 300 mass ppm or less, and kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. 1.7 mm²In the light oil composition, the content of the aromatic compound having 2 or more rings is 3% by volume or less and the content of the aromatic compound having 3 or more rings is 1% by volume or less.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cetane index of the light oil composition of the present invention is 45 or more. If the cetane index is less than 45, the concentrations of NOx, PM, and aldehyde in the exhaust gas may be increased. In the present invention, the cetane index is preferably 47 or more, more preferably 48 or more, and most preferably 50 or more.
[0007]
Here, the cetane index is a value calculated by “Calculation method of cetane index using 8.4 variable equations” in JIS K 2280 “Petroleum products—Fuel oil—Octane number and cetane number test method and cetane index calculation method”. Means. The cetane index in the JIS standard is not applied to the cetane number improver added, but the cetane index of the cetane index added with the cetane number improver also uses the above “8.4 variable equation”. It means the value calculated by “Calculating method of cetane index”.
[0008]
In the light oil composition of the present invention, the cetane number is not particularly limited, but the value is preferably adjusted to 45 or more, more preferably 48 or more, and most preferably 50 or more. . By setting it as said cetane number, each density | concentration of NOx, PM, and aldehyde in exhaust gas can be reduced more. Here, the cetane number means a cetane number measured in accordance with “7. Cetane number test method” in JIS K 2280 “Petroleum products—Fuel oil—Octane number and cetane number test method and cetane index calculation method”. .
[0009]
  The gas oil composition of the present invention has a 90% by volume distillation temperature (T₉₀)325 ° CIt is as follows. T₉₀But325 ° CIn the case of exceeding, there is a possibility that the PM concentration in the exhaust gas becomes high. In the present invention, the T₉₀Is320 ° CIt is preferable that315 ° CMore preferred to beYes.T₉₀There is no particular limitation on the lower limit value of T, but in order to further improve fuel efficiency and engine output,₉₀Is preferably 280 ° C. or higher, more preferably 285 ° C. or higher.
[0010]
  The light oil composition of the present invention has T₉₀Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about distillation properties other than, It is desirable to satisfy | fill the following properties.
      Initial boiling point: 135-180 ° C
      10 vol% distillation temperature (T₁₀): 155-210 ° C
      30% by volume distillation temperature (T₃₀): 175-250 ° C
      50 vol% distillation temperature (T₅₀): 190-270 ° C
      70 vol% distillation temperature (T₇₀): 220-300 ° C
      95% by volume distillation temperature (T₉₅): 290-360 ° C
      Distillation end point: 320-355 ° C
[0011]
The distillation property of the light oil composition of the present invention will be further described in detail.
If the initial boiling point of the light oil composition is too low, some of the light fractions may vaporize and the spray range may be too wide, increasing the amount of hydrocarbons entrained in the exhaust gas as unburned components Therefore, the initial boiling point is preferably 135 ° C. or higher, more preferably 140 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 145 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, when the initial boiling point is too high, there is a possibility of causing problems in low temperature startability and low temperature drivability, so the upper limit of the initial boiling point is preferably 180 ° C, more preferably 170 ° C.
[0012]
T of light oil composition_TenIs too low, for the same reason as when the initial boiling point is too low, there is a concern about an increase in the amount of hydrocarbons accompanying the exhaust gas._TenIs preferably 155 ° C. or higher, more preferably 160 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 165 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, if this is too high, there is a concern that the low temperature startability and the low temperature drivability may cause problems._TenIs preferably 210 ° C. or lower, more preferably 205 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 200 ° C. or lower.
[0013]
T of light oil composition₃₀If it is too low, there is a concern about an increase in the amount of hydrocarbons accompanying the exhaust gas for the same reason as described above. Therefore, T₃₀Is preferably 175 ° C. or higher, more preferably 180 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 185 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, if this is too high, there is a possibility of causing problems in low temperature startability and low temperature drivability.₃₀Is preferably 250 ° C. or lower, more preferably 230 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 210 ° C. or lower.
[0014]
T of light oil composition₅₀Is preferably 190 ° C. or higher, more preferably 195 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 200 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of fuel economy and engine output. And in reducing PM concentration in exhaust gas, T₅₀Is preferably 270 ° C. or less, more preferably 260 ° C. or less, 250 ° C. or less, and 240 ° C. or less, particularly preferably 230 ° C. or less, and most preferably 225 ° C. or less.
[0015]
T of light oil composition₇₀Also T₅₀Like, it affects fuel consumption and engine output. To improve fuel efficiency and increase engine output, T₇₀Is preferably 220 ° C. or higher, more preferably 225 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 230 ° C. or higher. In order to further reduce the PM concentration in the exhaust gas, T₇₀Is preferably 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably 290 ° C. or lower, 280 ° C. or lower, and 270 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 265 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 260 ° C. or lower.
[0016]
T of light oil composition₉₅Is preferably 290 ° C. or higher, but in order to further reduce the PM concentration in the exhaust gas, T₉₅Is preferably 360 ° C. or lower, more preferably 355 ° C. or lower, 350 ° C. or lower, and 345 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 342 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 340 ° C. or lower.
[0017]
  The distillation end point of the light oil composition is desirably 320 ° C. or higher. However, in order to further reduce the PM concentration in the exhaust gas, the distillation end point is355 ° COr less, more preferably350 ° C or less.
  Distillation properties referred to in the present invention (initial boiling point, T₁₀, T₃₀, T₅₀, T₇₀, T₉₀, T₉₅, Distillation end point) are all values measured by JIS K 2254 "Petroleum products-Distillation test method".
[0018]
The sulfur content of the light oil composition of the present invention is 300% by mass or less. If this amount exceeds 300 ppm by mass, the durability of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device may be deteriorated, or corrosion inside the engine may be caused. The sulfur content is preferably 200 mass ppm or less, more preferably 150 mass ppm or less, particularly preferably 100 mass ppm or less, and most preferably 50 mass ppm or less.
Here, the sulfur content means the sulfur content based on the total amount of the light oil composition measured by JIS K 2541 “Sulfur Content Test Method”.
[0019]
The kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. of the light oil composition of the present invention is 1.7 mm.²/ S or more. The kinematic viscosity is 1.7 mm²If it is less than / s, it may be difficult to control the fuel injection timing, and the lubricity of the distributed fuel injection pump attached to the engine is impaired. This kinematic viscosity is 1.72 mm.²/ S or more, preferably 1.73 mm²/ S or more 1.75mm²/ S or higher in order, particularly preferably 1.78 mm²/ S or more, 1.80 mm²/ S or more is most preferable.
[0020]
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the upper limit of kinematic viscosity in 30 degreeC of the light oil composition of this invention, Since PM density | concentration in exhaust gas can be reduced further, 3.5 mm²/ S or less, preferably 3.0 mm²/ S or less is more preferable, 2.5 mm²/ S or less is more preferable, and 2.4 mm²/ S or less is particularly preferable, 2.2 mm²/ S or less is most preferable. Here, the kinematic viscosity means the kinematic viscosity measured by JIS K 2283 “Crude oil and petroleum products—Kinematic viscosity test method and viscosity index calculation method”.
[0021]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the density in 15 degreeC of the light oil composition of this invention. However, since the fuel consumption rate and acceleration can be further improved, the value is 802 kg / m.^ThreeThe above is preferable. On the other hand, since the upper limit value of the density at 15 ° C. can further reduce the PM concentration in the exhaust gas, it is 840 kg / m 2.^ThreeOr less, preferably 835 kg / m^ThreeMore preferably, it is 830 kg / m^ThreeEven more preferably, it is 820 kg / m^ThreeParticularly preferably, it is 815 kg / m.^ThreeMost preferably:
Here, the density means a density measured by JIS K 2249 “Determination method of density of crude oil and petroleum products and density / mass / capacity conversion table”.
[0022]
In the light oil composition of the present invention, the content of each of the saturated component, the olefin component and the aromatic component is not particularly limited, but the following composition is desirable.
Saturated content: 60 to 95% by volume
Olefin content: 0 to 5% by volume
Aromatic content: 5-40% by volume
However, among the aromatic content, the aromatic content of two or more rings is 3% by volume or less.
[0023]
The saturated content of the light oil composition is preferably 60% by volume or more, more preferably 65% by volume or more, and particularly preferably 70% by volume in order to reduce the concentrations of NOx and PM in the exhaust gas. Above, most preferably 75 volume% or more. On the other hand, in order to maintain good low temperature startability and low temperature drivability, the saturated content is preferably 95% by volume or less, more preferably 90% by volume or less, and particularly preferably 85% by volume or less. .
The olefin content of the light oil composition is preferably in the range of 0 to 5% by volume, more preferably in the range of 0 to 1% by volume, from the viewpoint of the stability of the composition.
[0024]
Since the aromatic content of the light oil composition is related to the fuel consumption rate and the engine output, it is preferably 5% by volume or more, more preferably 8% by volume or more, still more preferably 10% by volume or more, particularly Preferably it is 12 volume% or more, Most preferably, it is 15 volume% or more. On the other hand, since this aromatic content is related to each concentration of NOx and PM contained in the exhaust gas, this content is preferably 40% by volume or less, more preferably 35% by volume or less, particularly Preferably it is 30 volume% or less, Most preferably, it is 25% or less.
The saturated content, the olefin content and the aromatic content in the present invention are the saturated content measured in accordance with the fluorescent indicator adsorption method of “petroleum product-component test method” defined in JIS K2536, It means the volume percentage (volume%) of the olefin content and aromatic content.
[0025]
In the light oil composition of the present invention, in order to further reduce the concentrations of hydrocarbon (HC), NOx and PM contained in the exhaust gas, among the aromatic content, the aromatic content of two or more rings Is less than 3% by volume. This content is preferably 2% by volume or less, more preferably 1% by volume or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% by volume or less. For the same reason, the content of aromatic components in the three or more rings is preferably 1% by volume or less, more preferably 0.5% by volume or less, and particularly preferably 0.3% by volume or less. Here, the aromatic content of two or more rings is an aromatic of two or more rings measured by “petroleum product-hydrocarbon type test method—high performance liquid chromatograph method” specified in JIS 5S 49-97, Petroleum Institute Standard. Means volume% of minutes.
[0026]
The light oil composition of the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to its pour point. However, from the viewpoint of low temperature startability or low temperature drivability, the pour point of the composition is preferably −5 ° C. or less, more preferably −10 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably −20 ° C. or less. Most preferably, it is −30 ° C. or lower. Here, the pour point means a pour point measured by JIS K 2269 “Pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point test method of petroleum products”.
[0027]
The light oil composition of the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the clogging point. However, the clogging point of the composition is preferably -1 ° C or lower, more preferably -5 ° C or lower, particularly preferably -12 ° C or lower, most preferably -19 ° C or lower. preferable. Here, the clogging point means a clogging point measured according to JIS K 2288 “Light oil—clogging point test method”.
[0028]
The light oil composition of the present invention preferably contains a cetane number improver, a lubricity improver and / or a detergent.
As the cetane number improver, various compounds known as cetane number improvers in the industry can be arbitrarily used. For example, nitrate esters and organic peroxides can be used. In the present invention, a nitrate ester is preferably used as the cetane number improver. Examples of the nitrate ester include 2-chloroethyl nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, isopropyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, first amyl nitrate, second amyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, and first hexyl nitrate. And various nitrates such as secondary hexyl nitrate, n-heptyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, and ethylene glycol dinitrate. Among these, an alkyl nitrate having 6 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable. As the cetane number improver, one type of compound may be used alone, or two or more types of compounds may be used in combination.
[0029]
The content of the cetane improver is preferably 500 ppm by mass or more based on the total amount of the composition in order to reduce the NOx concentration, PM concentration, aldehyde concentration, etc. of the diesel engine exhaust gas to a satisfactory level. The content of the cetane number improver is preferably 600 ppm by mass or more and 700 ppm by mass or more in order, particularly preferably 800 ppm by mass or more, and most preferably 900 ppm by mass or more. The upper limit of the content of the cetane number improver is not particularly limited, but the content of the cetane number improver is preferably 1400 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1250 mass ppm or less based on the total amount of the light oil composition. It is particularly preferably 1100 ppm by mass or less, and most preferably 1000 ppm by mass or less.
[0030]
In addition, as for the commercial item marketed as a cetane number improver, it is common to obtain the active ingredient which contributes to cetane number improvement, ie, the state which diluted the cetane number improver with the suitable solvent. When preparing the light oil composition of the present invention using such a commercial product, it may be added so that the content of the active ingredient in the light oil composition is 500 ppm by mass or more based on the total amount of the composition. preferable.
[0031]
As the lubricity improver, for example, one or more of carboxylic acid-based, ester-based, alcohol-based, and phenol-based lubricity improvers can be arbitrarily used. Among these, carboxylic acid-based and ester-based lubricity improvers are preferable.
Examples of the carboxylic acid-based lubricity improver include linoleic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, hexadecenoic acid, and a mixture of two or more of the above carboxylic acids.
Examples of the ester-based lubricity improver include glycerin carboxylic acid ester. The carboxylic acid constituting the carboxylic acid ester may be one type or two or more types. Specific examples thereof include linoleic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, hexadecenoic acid, and the like. Can be mentioned.
[0032]
There are no particular restrictions on the amount of the lubricity improver compounded. However, in order to extract the effectiveness of the blended lubricity improver, specifically, in a diesel engine equipped with a distributed injection pump, the increase in the driving torque of the pump during operation is suppressed and the wear of the pump is reduced. Therefore, the blending amount of the lubricity improver is preferably 35 mass ppm or more, more preferably 50 mass ppm or more based on the total amount of the composition. And since the effect commensurate with addition amount is not acquired even if the upper limit of a compounding quantity is added more, it is preferable that it is 140 mass ppm or less, and it is more preferable that it is 105 mass ppm or less.
[0033]
Examples of the detergent include imide compounds; alkenyl succinic acid derivatives such as polybutenyl succinimide synthesized from polybutenyl succinic anhydride and polyamines; polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol and polybutenyl Succinic acid esters such as polybutenyl succinic acid esters synthesized from succinic anhydrides; copolymers of dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl pyrrolidone, etc. and copolymers of alkyl methacrylates, carboxylic acids and amines Examples include reaction products (salts and the like). These ashless detergents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, it is preferable to use an alkenyl succinic acid derivative and / or an amine salt of a carboxylic acid.
[0034]
The alkenyl succinic acid derivative is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4).
[0035]
[Chemical 1]

[0036]
(In the formula, A represents an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group;¹, R², R^ThreeAnd R^FourEach independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, provided that R represents¹~ R^FourHas a total carbon number of 2 and R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 1 to 100. )
[0037]
[Chemical 2]

[0038]
(In the formula, A represents an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group;¹, R², R^ThreeAnd R^FourEach independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, provided that R represents¹~ R^FourHas a total carbon number of 2 and R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 1 to 100, and n represents an integer of 1 to 10. )
[0039]
[Chemical 3]

[0040]
(In the formula, A represents an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group;¹, R², R^ThreeAnd R^FourEach independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, provided that R represents¹~ R^FourHas a total carbon number of 2 and R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 1 to 100, and n represents an integer of 1 to 10. )
[0041]
[Formula 4]

[0042]
(In the formula, A represents an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group;¹, R², R^ThreeAnd R^FourEach independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, provided that R represents¹~ R^FourHas a total carbon number of 2 and R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 1 to 100, and n represents an integer of 1 to 10; )
[0043]
The alkenyl succinic acid derivatives represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) will be described in detail.
A represents an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group. A tert-butyl group is preferred because better cleaning properties can be obtained.
R¹~ R^FourEach represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group. And this R¹~ R^FourThe total carbon number of is 2.
In the present invention, since more excellent cleanliness can be obtained, R¹And R^ThreeAre both hydrogen atoms and R²And R^FourAre both methyl groups, or R¹And R^ThreeAre both methyl groups and R²And R^FourAre preferably hydrogen atoms.
[0044]
R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms. R^FiveRepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group (1-methylethylene group, 2-methylethylene group), trimethylene group, butylene group (1-ethylethylene group). 2-ethylethylene group), 1,2-dimethylethylene group, 2,2-dimethylethylene group, 1-methyltrimethylene group, 2-methyltrimethylene group, 3-methyltrimethylene group, tetramethylene group, etc. Can be mentioned. Among these, R^FiveIs most preferably a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group (1-methylethylene group, 2-methylethylene group) or a trimethylene group.
[0045]
M in the general formulas (1) to (4) represents an integer of 1 to 100. m is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, from the viewpoint of maintaining dispersibility in the light oil composition and maintaining cleanliness. Moreover, 50 or less are preferable and 40 or less are more preferable from the point of the influence on the combustion chamber deposit by the valve stick by a viscosity rise, or a thermal decomposition deterioration.
n represents an integer of 1 to 10. n is preferably an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
[0046]
In addition, the group represented by the following formula (5) is a polymerization skeleton of an alkenyl succinic acid derivative represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) having a group represented by the following formula (6) as a structural unit. Is shown.
[0047]
[Chemical formula 5]

[0048]
(R in the above formulas (5) and (6)¹, R², R^Three, R^FourAnd m are R in the general formulas (1) to (4).¹, R², R^Three, R^FourAnd the same group and integer as m. )
[0049]
In the above formulas (1) to (4) and (5), the m groups represented by the above formula (6) may be the same or different in the same molecule. That is, the compound represented by the above formulas (1) to (4) and the group represented by the above formula (5) may be a homopolymer or a copolymer. The copolymer may be a random copolymer, an alternating polymer, or a block copolymer.
[0050]
Further, the number average molecular weight of the alkenyl succinic acid derivative is not limited at all, but the number average molecular weight is preferably 500 or more from the viewpoint of maintaining dispersibility and cleanliness in the light oil composition, and 1000 or more. Is more preferably 1500 or more, and most preferably 2000 or more. In addition, the number average molecular weight is preferably 6000 or less, and more preferably 5000 or less, from the viewpoint of the influence on the valve stick due to the increase in viscosity and the combustion chamber deposit due to deterioration of thermal decomposition.
[0051]
As the alkenyl succinic acid derivative, only one kind of compound selected from the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) may be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds may be mixed and used. .
When using 2 or more types, it is preferable that it is a mixture of the compound represented by General formula (2), and the compound represented by General formula (3). The mixing ratio (mass ratio) at that time is preferably (2) :( 3) = 1: 99 to 99: 1, more preferably 10:90 to 90:10, and 20:80 to 80:20 is even more preferable, and 30:70 to 70:30 is most preferable.
[0052]
Preferred specific examples of the alkenyl succinic acid derivative are listed below.
[0053]
[Chemical 6]
Compound 1 represented by the following formula (number average molecular weight: 2000 to 3000)

(A: tert-butyl group, R¹, R^Three: Hydrogen atom, R², R^Four: Methyl group, R^Five: Trimethylene group)
[0054]
[Chemical 7]
Compound 2 represented by the following formula (number average molecular weight: 2000 to 3000)

(A: tert-butyl group, R¹, R^Three: Hydrogen atom, R², R^Four: Methyl group, R^Five: Ethylene group, n: 1-3)
[0055]
[Chemical 8]
Compound 3 represented by the following formula (number average molecular weight: 4000 to 6000)

(A: tert-butyl group, R¹, R^Three: Hydrogen atom, R², R^Four: Methyl group, R^Five: Ethylene group, n: 1-3)
[0056]
[Chemical 9]
Compound 4 represented by the following formula (number average molecular weight: 2000 to 3000)

(A: tert-butyl group, R¹, R^Three: Hydrogen atom, R², R^Four: Methyl group, R^Five: Ethylene group, n: 1-3)
[0057]
Next, the amine salt of carboxylic acid will be described in detail.
The carboxylic acid preferably has 5 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 30 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 9 to 20 carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid may be either a monocarboxylic acid or a polyvalent carboxylic acid, but is preferably a monocarboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid may be any of a fatty acid, an alicyclic carboxylic acid, and an aromatic carboxylic acid, but is preferably a fatty acid. The fatty acid may be linear or branched and may be saturated or unsaturated.
[0058]
Specific examples of the fatty acid having 9 to 20 carbon atoms include the following. Linear or branched nonanoic acid, linear or branched decanoic acid, linear or branched undecanoic acid, linear or branched dodecanoic acid, linear or branched tridecanoic acid, linear or branched Tetradecanoic acid, linear or branched pentadecanoic acid, linear or branched hexadecanoic acid, linear or branched heptadecanoic acid, linear or branched octadecanoic acid, linear or branched nonadecanoic acid, straight Linear or branched icosanoic acid, linear or branched nonenoic acid, linear or branched decenoic acid, linear or branched undecenoic acid, linear or branched dodecenoic acid, linear or branched Tridecenoic acid, linear or branched tetradecenoic acid, linear or branched pentadecenoic acid, linear or branched hexadecenoic acid, linear or branched heptadecenoic acid Octadecenoic acid chain or branched chain (including oleic acid), nonadecenoic acid straight or branched chain, such as icosenoic acid straight or branched chain. Also included are fatty acids containing hydroxyl groups such as linoleic acid. As the carboxylic acid, one kind of carboxylic acid may be used alone, or two or more kinds of carboxylic acids may be used in combination.
[0059]
The amine is preferably one having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is a C5-C20 thing, Most preferably, it is a C8-C18 thing. Examples of amines include monoamines, polyamines, and alkanolamines, and monoamines are preferred.
Examples of the monoamine include a mono-substituted amine having one hydrocarbon group, a di-substituted amine having two hydrocarbon groups, a tri-substituted amine having three hydrocarbon groups, and the like is preferably a mono-substituted amine. .
[0060]
Examples of the mono-substituted amine include alkyl amines, alkenyl amines, aromatic substituted alkyl amines, cycloalkyl amines, and alkyl cycloalkyl amines. Alkylamines and alkenylamines are preferred.
Examples of the alkylamine having 8 to 18 carbon atoms include linear or branched octylamine, linear or branched nonylamine, linear or branched decylamine, linear or branched undecylamine, and linear Or branched dodecylamine, linear or branched tridecylamine, linear or branched tetradecylamine, linear or branched pentadecylamine, linear or branched hexadecylamine, linear or Examples include branched-chain heptadecylamine and linear or branched octadecylamine.
[0061]
Examples of the alkenylamine having 8 to 18 carbon atoms include linear or branched octenylamine, linear or branched nonenylamine, linear or branched decenylamine, linear or branched undecenylamine, linear or Branched dodecenylamine, linear or branched tridecenylamine, linear or branched tetradecenylamine, linear or branched pentadecenylamine, linear or branched hexadecenylamine, linear Alternatively, branched-chain heptadecenylamine, linear or branched octadecenylamine (including oleylamine), and the like can be given.
As the amine, one kind of amine may be used alone, or a mixture of two or more kinds of amines may be used.
[0062]
Preferable specific examples of amine salts of carboxylic acids include monosubstituted amines having a mixed fatty acid having 13 to 20 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and alkenyl groups having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, mainly composed of oleic acid. Mention may be made of salts with mixtures of monosubstituted amines having
[0063]
There is no special restriction on the amount of detergent. However, in order to bring out the effect of blending the detergent, specifically, the effect of suppressing the clogging of the fuel injection nozzle, the blending amount of the detergent is preferably 20 mass ppm or more based on the total amount of the light oil composition. It is more preferable to set it as mass ppm or more, and it is especially preferable to set it as 80 mass ppm or more. Even if an amount less than 20 ppm by mass is added, the effect may not appear. On the other hand, even if the amount is too large, an effect commensurate with it cannot be expected, and conversely, there is a risk of increasing each concentration of NOx, PM, aldehyde, etc. in diesel engine exhaust gas. It is preferably 300 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 250 ppm by mass or less, particularly preferably 200 ppm by mass or less, and most preferably 180 ppm by mass or less.
[0064]
As in the case of the cetane number improver described above, products that are marketed as lubricity improvers or detergents are in a state where the active ingredients that contribute to improving lubricity or cleaning are diluted with an appropriate solvent, respectively. It is usually obtained at When such a commercial product is blended in the light oil composition of the present invention, the blending amounts described above with respect to the lubricity improver and the detergent mean blending amounts as active ingredients.
[0065]
To the light oil composition of the present invention, other known fuel oil additives may be added alone or in combination of several kinds for the purpose of further improving the performance. Examples of these additives include low-temperature fluidity improvers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and alkenyl succinic acid amide; antioxidants such as phenols and amines; metal deactivators such as salicylidene derivatives; Anti-icing agents such as polyglycol ethers; corrosion inhibitors such as aliphatic amines and alkenyl succinic acid esters; antistatic agents such as anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants; colorants such as azo dyes; An antifoaming agent can be mentioned.
The addition amount of these additives can be arbitrarily determined, but the addition amount of each additive is usually 0.5% by mass or less, preferably 0.2% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the light oil composition. .
[0066]
The light oil composition of the present invention can be produced using a known method. Typically, it is produced by blending a predetermined amount of a cetane improver, a lubricant improver, a detergent, and other additives as necessary with the base light oil.
Examples of base light oil include straight-run light oil obtained from a crude oil atmospheric distillation apparatus; reduced-pressure light oil obtained by applying straight-run heavy oil and residual oil obtained from an atmospheric distillation apparatus to a vacuum distillation apparatus; Hydrorefined diesel oil obtained by hydrorefining the vacuum gas oil obtained; hydrodesulfurized diesel oil obtained by hydrodesulfurization of straight-run diesel oil in one or more stages under severer conditions than ordinary hydrorefining; desulfurization Or catalytic cracking gas oil obtained by catalytic cracking of undesulfurized vacuum gas oil, vacuum heavy gas oil or desulfurized heavy oil; straight-run kerosene obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil; hydrogenation obtained by hydrorefining straight-run kerosene Refined kerosene: One or more kinds of cracked kerosene obtained by decomposing a light oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil can be used.
If the sulfur content of the base gas oil exceeds 300 mass ppm, reduce the sulfur content below the specified value by appropriate means such as hydrorefining prior to blending with a cetane number improver. The base gas oil is subjected to desulfurization treatment.
[0067]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0068]
Table 1 shows the composition and properties of the light oil compositions used in Examples and Comparative Examples. Moreover, the light oil composition of Examples 2-5 was prepared by adding a bicyclic aromatic compound and a tricyclic aromatic compound to the light oil composition of Example 1. The following additives were used.

[0069]
Using each light oil composition shown in Table 1, (1) Engine Test 1, (2) Engine Test 2, (3) Lubricity Test, and (4) Nozzle Cleanliness Test were conducted. The test results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Engine test 1
Using the following engine, PM, hydrocarbon (HC) and NOx in exhaust gas were measured under three conditions simulating actual driving. PM was collected on a filter using a mini dilution tunnel manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., and the weight of PM was measured. HC and NOx were measured by sampling directly from the exhaust pipe.
(Engine specifications)
Engine type: naturally aspirated in-line 6-cylinder diesel
Displacement: 7.1L
Inner diameter x stroke: 110 mm x 125 mm
Compression ratio: 17.5
Maximum output: 260ps / 2700rpm
Maximum torque: 77kgf (754.6N) / 2700rpm
(conditions)
Condition 1: TRIAS 24-5-1993
Condition 2: Mode simulating low-speed driving
Condition 3: Mode simulating high-speed driving
[0070]
(2) Engine test 2
The exhaust pipe of the following engine was led to the DPF device, and PM, hydrocarbon (HC) and NOx in the exhaust gas discharged from the DPF device were measured under the conditions of TRIAS 24-5-1993. PM was collected on a filter using a mini dilution tunnel manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., and the weight of PM was measured. HC and NOx were measured by sampling directly from the exhaust pipe of the DPF.
(Engine specifications)
Engine type: naturally aspirated inline 4-cylinder diesel
Displacement: 4.985L
Inner diameter x stroke: 115 mm x 125 mm
Compression ratio: 19.5
Maximum output: 150ps / 3100rpm
Maximum torque: 37kgf (362.6N) / 1600rpm
[0071]
(3) Lubricity test
The HFRR test was performed under the following conditions, and the diameter in the vibration direction and the diameter perpendicular to the vibration direction of the circular scratches on the test ball after the test were measured, and the average value was defined as the wear scar diameter (WSD). .
Test ball
Material: ANSI 52100
Hardness: 645HV30
Surface roughness: 0.1 μmRa or less
Diameter: 6.25 nm
Test plate
Material: ANSI 52100
Hardness: 180HV30
Surface roughness: 0.1 μmRa or less
Load: 2N
Test temperature: 60 ° C
Stroke: 1.0mm
Frequency: 50Hz
Time: 75 minutes
[0072]
(4) Nozzle cleanliness test
A 4-cylinder engine with a displacement of 2 L was used, continuous operation was performed for 48 hours under the conditions of rotation 1840 rpm and torque 36.4 Nm, and the remaining flow rate ratio of the nozzle after the test was measured. The remaining flow rate ratio of the nozzle indicates the ratio of the nozzle flow rate after the test to the flow rate of the new nozzle before the test.
The nozzle flow rate was measured when the needle valve lift was 0.1 mm. In this test, the larger the value of the remaining nozzle flow rate, the better the cleanliness.
[0073]
[Table 1]

Claims (3)

Cetane index is 45 or more, initial boiling point is 135 to 180 ° C, 10% by volume distillation temperature is 155 to 210 ° C, 30% by volume distillation temperature is 175 to 250 ° C, 70% by volume distillation temperature is 220 to 300 ° C. 90% by volume distillation temperature is 325 ° C. or less, distillation end point is 355 ° C. or less, saturated content is 60 to 95% by volume, olefin content is 0 to 5% by volume, and sulfur content is 300 mass ppm or less. And the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is 1.7 mm ² / s or more, the content of aromatic compounds having two or more rings is 3% by volume or less, and the content of aromatic compounds having three or more rings is 1% by volume or less. A diesel oil composition. The light oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the detergent is blended in an amount of 20 to 300 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the light oil composition. The gas oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cetane number improver is blended in an amount of 500 to 1400 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the gas oil composition.